宝马320i 2.0 典雅型轿车手动档变速器的设计

摘要

汽车作为人类的代步工具，在生活中起着越来越重要的作用。变速器是传动系中的主要部件。它用来改变发动机传到驱动轮上的转矩和转速。目的

是在各种工作状况下，使汽车获得不同的牵引力和速度。从而使汽车拥有良好的动力性和燃油经济性。本次设计以宝马320i 2.0 典雅型轿车的一些整车参数和发动机参数为设计依据，进行手动档变速器的设计。设计的主要内容包括变速器传动机构布置方案的确定，变速器主要参数如挡数、传动比范围、中心距、各挡传动比、齿轮参数、各挡齿轮齿数的选择，齿轮、轴的设计校核，同步器、操纵机构及箱体的设计。在设计的过程中，本文根据轿车变速器的设计要求和车辆动力传动系统自身的特点，参考多篇文献资料，以及变速器设计图册，设计出中间轴式变速器。

关键词：变速器；齿轮；轴；设计；计算机辅助设计

ABSTRACT

Automobile as a means of transport of human life plays an increasingly important role. Transmission is the main power train components. It is used to change the engine's torque spread and wheel speed. Aim is to work in a variety of conditions，different vehicle traction and speed，so that the car has good power and fuel economy。The transmission is designed based on engine parameters and vehicle parameters of BWM 320i 2.0L automobile in this text. The main design contents include the layout program of transmission drive-mechanism, the selection of main transmission parameters such as shifts, the range of gear ratio, center-spacing, each gear ratio, gear parameters and the numble of each gear, the design and verification of gears and shafts, the design of synchronizer, manipulation-framework and gearbox. Bases on the design requirement and the characteristic of power transmission system, consulting a great deal of literatures and transmission design drafts, a kind of three-shafted transmission is designed.

Key words: Transmission；Gear；Shaft；Design；Computer Aided Design

目录

摘要............................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................I I 目录...............................................................................................................................III 第1章绪论. (1)

1.1 课题的目的和意义 (1)

1.2课题研究的现状 (3)

1.3 变速器的设计思想 (3)

1.4 研究的主要工作内容 (3)

第2章变速器设计的总体方案 (5)

2.1设计依据 (5)

2.2传动机构布置方案分析 (6)

2.3 变速器基本参数的确定 (8)

第3章主要零部件的设计及计算 ····························错误！未定义书签。

3.1 齿轮的设计及校核 ·························································错误！未定义书签。

3.1.1 齿轮参数确定及各挡齿轮齿数分配 ·················错误！未定义书签。

3.1.2 轮齿强度计算 ·····················································错误！未定义书签。

3.1.3 变速器齿轮的材料及热处理 ·····························错误！未定义书签。

3.2 轴的设计及校核 ···························································错误！未定义书签。

3.2.1初选轴的直径 ······················································错误！未定义书签。

3.2.2轴的刚度计算 ······················································错误！未定义书签。第4章同步器的选择 ················································错误！未定义书签。

4.1 惯性式同步器 ·································································错误！未定义书签。

4.1.3锁环式同步器主要尺寸的确定 ··························错误！未定义书签。

4.2主要参数的确定 (45)

4.2.1摩擦因数f (45)