洗发香波的配制及其粘度测定[1]
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洗发香波的配制及其粘度测定
摘要:根据配方的不同,香波可分为多种,本实验的配方为温和性配方,并具有泡沫丰富、对皮肤损伤小等特点,主要是利用主/辅表面活性剂进行香波的增稠、润湿,并通过实验室中粘度的测定来确定原料的加入量,使其达到最优效果。
关键词:香波配制、增稠、粘度测定
香波是英文shampoo的音译。据说,香波一词原系印度语,是“按摩”的意思。在国内俗称洗发精,据香波的特征,除了用来清除头发和头皮上积聚的皮脂、皮屑、灰尘以及发用制品的残污物以外,还需要使头发松软、爽洁、有光泽以及易梳理等功能。另外香波在使用时还需要在揉搓头发时产生丰富的泡沫,使使用者在洗发时产生一种将头发洗得很干净的心理上的愉悦感,同时泡沫对头发和头皮之间有润湿作用,所以香波的配方一直不断改进,出现了许多不同类型的品种,本配方具有高泡性、温和性等特点,用本品洗发后发质光泽、容易梳理。
Washing shampoo makes up ascertaining by measuring such
viscosity
Abstract :On the basis of the dispensation difference ,That the shampoo may be divided into grows more ,The dispensation of this test is the mild quality dispensation ,Moreover to have the froth rich 、To skin the distinguishing feature such as injure a few minutes and so on ,Chiefly is utilizing primary / to supplement activated dose on face to carry on shampoo gaiing thickly 、Setting ,Moreover by means of viscosity measurement in the laboratory comes to fix raw material accedeing to amount ,Cause such attain the most splendid effect 。
Keyword :Shampoo is make up 、Gain thickly 、Viscosity measurement The shampoo is the transliteration of English Shampoo 。They say ,The shampoo term was previously fastend India and was say ,Is “Massage ”Idea 。At home convention is called to wash delivering pickedly ,On the grounds of the shampoo feature ,Except for is used for eliminateing Pi Zhi who accumulates on hair and the scurf 、Pi Xie 、Dust along with delivers in the way of the deficient filth matters of goods ,Still need to cause the hair softly 、Clear clean 、Meritorous service capacitys such as possess lustre along with easily dresss and so on 。Besides the shampoo is living when emploing still the necessaries is living comes into being the rich froth when kneadding the hair ,Causes use person is living to wash hour the cheerful feeling coming into being in one kind of psychology washing the hair very neat and tidyly ,The simultaneous froth possess the setting action to the hair between the both ends of and front of a coffin hide ,Therefore the dispensation of shampoo continuously improves always ,The much difference forms straiies arise ,Native is fill a prescription to have Gao Paoxing 、Distinguishings feature such as mild quality and so on ,In the way of native product washes afterwards delivers character lustre 、Convenient carding 。
1 实验
1.1 主要试剂
羧甲基纤维素,又名CMC,分子式[C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]n,外观为白色絮状纤维粉末;十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),白色结晶粉末,熔点67~70°C;椰油基二乙醇胺(Ninol),浅黄色粘稠液体;香精;去离子水。
1.2 仪器
NDJ-5s型数显粘度计(上海精科);万用电炉(上海树立仪器仪表有限公司);电子天平(北京赛多利斯仪器系统有限公司)。
1.3 洗发香波的配制
将75mL去离子水、CMC混合加热至70°C左右使其溶解,在缓缓搅拌下依次加入十二烷基硫酸钠、Ninol,当温度降至45°C时加入适量香精,搅拌均匀即可。
2 结果与讨论
2.1 CMC加入量对香波粘度值的影响
CMC易溶于冷水形成胶状,其重要特性是形成高粘度的胶体、溶液,有粘着、增稠、流动、保护胶体、耐酸、悬浊等特性,因此在本实验中选用CMC作为原料。当SDS、Ninol的质量分别为15g、8g时,改变CMC的质量,依次为1g、1.2g、1.4g、1.6g、1.8g、2.0g,每次溶液溶解均匀后,用数显粘度计测其粘度值。结果如图1所示。
图1粘度值随CMC加入量变化曲线
从图中可看出,随着CMC质量的增多,香波的粘度值逐渐升高,在CMC质量为1.8g时,粘度值达到最高为3972mPa·s,但当CMC质量进一步增加时,粘度值反而下降,说明CMC的最佳加入量为1.8g。
2.2 Ninol加入量对香波粘度值的影响
在香波的配制时需使用表面活性剂,本实验分为主/辅表面活性剂,其中的主表面活性剂为阴离子表面活性剂SDS,但由于阴离子表面活性剂清洁力十分好,脱脂力很强,过度使用会损伤头发,婴儿香波更不可用,因此需要配入辅助表面活性剂,本实验采用非离子表面活性剂Ninol,其具有能溶于水、并大幅度降低水的表面张力等特性,而且耐硬水、泡沫丰富、稳定、去污力强、无毒、不损伤皮肤。实验的反应条件为SDS15g、CMC选择其质量为1.8g,Ninol加入量依次为2g、4g、6g、8g、10g、12g,每次结束测其粘度值。结果如图二。