过去完成时的难点
过去完成时的学习难点
时态是历年高考英语试题中的必考知识点，也是高一英语学习的重点和疑难点。尤其是一般过去时与过去完成时的比较很容易混淆，特别值得大家引起足够的重视。
一. 概念：
1.过去完成时由助动词had加过去分词构成，主要表示在过去某时之前业已发生的动作或情况，也可以说是“过去时间的过去”。其被动形式为“had+been+p.p”。例如：
1).Up until then we had covered nearly half the distance .（直到那时我们几乎已经走了一半的
路程。）
2)By the end of last term more than 3,000 English words had been learnt by us at our
middle schools.（到上学期末为止，我们已经学会了3，000多个英语单词。）
2.在包含when，as soon as，before，after，until，now that 等从属连词引导的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语和从句的谓语表示的过去动作是在不同的时间发生的话，那么首先发生的动作通常需用过去完成时表示，而发生在后的动作通常用一般过去时表示；这也可以说是“过去动作的过去”。例如：
3）Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.(我刚一到家,天就开始下雨了。)
4）Tom had pressed the button on the computer before we could stop him.（我门还来不及阻止他，汤姆就已经按了电脑上的按钮。）
二.过去完成时与一般过去时的比较
1.在表示某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时，
hope,mean,plan,want,promise,intend等谓语动词必须用过去完成时。例如：5）.I had planned to offered you some help in your shop, but suddenly my mother fell ill yesterday.(昨天我原本计划在你店里帮一些忙的，但是我妈妈突然犯病了。)
6）.He had hoped to spend the important day with us last Sunday，but he was too busy then.(上
星期日他原本很想与我们一起度过这个重要的日子,可是他当时实在太忙了。)
2．在表示过去的句子中出现与完成时态连用的象征词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及次数名词等时，常用过去完成时来表示。例如：
7）They had already finished doing their homework when the teacher came into their bedroom.(当老师走进他们的寝室时，他们早已做好了回家作业。)
8）.The old man said that he wanted to go where he had never been .(老人说他想到他从未去过的地方去。)
3．如果句中出现了表示具体过去的时间状语，句子的额内容为过去的实际情况或句子的内容为历史史实时，句中的动词时态只能用一般过去时。例如：
9).The teacher said that it was Columbus who first discovered the American continent.(老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。)
10).My parents told me that I was born on May 6th,1986.(我的父母告诉我说我是1986年五月6日出生的。)
4.如果两个动作紧接着发生时，则常常不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时，特别是在包含before 和after 的复合句中。例如：
11).After we said good-bye to the farmers, we left the mountain village.(在我们和农民们告别了之后我们就离开了水草那个山村。)
12）Just before I left Wenzhou, I sent my parents a telephone.(在离开温州前我给我的父母亲打了一个电话。)
5．表述说话人始料未及的事情时，句子的位于动词常用一般过去时。由于受汉语表述习惯的影响，有的人常忘了用过去时。例如：
--Oh, it’s you! I ______you.
--I’ve just had my haid cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.(1996年上海市高考题)
A.didn’t recognize
B.hadn’t recognized
C.haven’t recognized
D.don’t recognixe
6．有时这两个时态都可以用，意思上差异不大。例如：
13).As soon as it (had) stopped raining, they began working again.(雨一停他们又开始干活。)
14)．We watched the PLA soldiers until they (had) disappeared from sight.(我们望着解放军战士们，直到看不见为止。)
7．过去完成时与一般过去时的区别：过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有在和过去的某时或某一动作相比较时才用。一般过去时表示的时间是过去发生的，与现在无关系。
请完成以下配套练习：
1。Alice had to wait outside of her house because she ______ her keys in her office until her
husband ________.(MET1992)
A.left;returned
B.has left;will return
C.had left;would return
D.had left;returned
2.You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.(NMET1996)
A.drove;didn’t get
B.drove;wouldn’t get
C.were driving;wouldn’t get
D.had driven;wouldn’t have got
3.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ________.(NMET1995)
A.breaks
B.has broken
C.were broken
D.had been broken
4.—Come on Peter. I want to show you something.
---Oh, how nice of you! I ______ you _________ to bring me a gift.(MET1993)
A.never think;are going
B.never thought;were going
C.didn’t think;were going
D.hadn’t thought;were going
5.Hardly________ ourselves in the theatre when the curtain ______ up.
A.had we seated;went
B.we had seated;went
C.seated;had gone
D.did we seated;went
6.The police found that the house_________ and a lot of things ______.(NMET1994)
A.had broken into;had been stolen
B.has broken into;has been stolen
C.has been broken into;stolen
D.had been broken into;stolen
7．--Were they good to you during your stay there?
--Sure. I _______ one of the family there.
A.was treated as
B.were treated like
C.had been looked on like
D.had been considered as
8.When they went to the theatre, the play ______ for five minutes.
A.had begun
B.has begun
C.had been on
D. was on
9.It was obviously that the man ______ driving on the free way for almost an hour when he
______ that he must come back.
A.was;was told
B.had been;was told
C.had been;told
D.was;was told
10.Bt the time he was twelve, Edison _______ to make a living by himself.(MET1983)
A.would begin
B.has begun
C.had begun
D.began
Keys:1.D 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B10.C
英语过去完成时练习全集及解析
英语过去完成时练习全集及解析 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got 可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排 除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要 将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。 【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间 状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然 后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 可知此处应为过去完成时，故选 D. 和“ finished” 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ” 【点评】考查过去完成时。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。
时态详解：过去将来完成时
时态详解：过去将来完成时 一、过去将来完成时的用法 过去将来完成时表示从过去观点看将来某时某动作会业已完成。这个时态用得相对比较少，通常主要用于转述方面，即用于间接引语中。如： She said she’d have finished her exams by then.她说那时她会已经考完试了。 The party would have arrived by four o’clock.这一行人将于4时前到达。 She said she’d have finished her exams by then.她说那时她会已经考完试了。 二、构成方法 过去将来完成时由“would+have+过去分词”构成。 三、基本用法 过去将来完成时的基本用法就是：表示从过去某一时间来看将来某时会已经完成的动作。如： I thought Sophia would have told you something. 我想索菲娅会已告诉你一地情况。 He knew by the time he arrived she would have gone home. 他知道他到时她会已经回家。 The day was drawing near when we would have completed the reservoir. 我们建成水库的日子不远了。 He said he would have done with my camera by the end of next month. 他说到下月底就不用我的照相机了。 I guessed that Mother would have made some sandwiches by the time we got back. 我猜我们回来时妈妈已经做好一些三明治了。 四、过去完成时用于虚拟语气中 若表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，此时条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，而主句谓语则通常用过去完成时（would+have+过去分词），当然，主句谓语也可根据情况使用“should (could, might)+have+过去分词”。如： If I'd left sooner, I'd have been on time. 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)
【初中英语】过去完成时难点、易错点
外研版英语【初中英语】过去完成时难点、易错点 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．— Jim, why didn't you go to Beijing by train? — Bad luck! When I got to the station, the train ________. A. left B. had already left C. has already left D. has been left 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——吉姆，你为什么不坐火车去北京呢？——真倒霉！我到车站时，火车已经开走了。根据When I got to the station 可知，到那是过去时，离开是过去的过去，使用过去完成时，had done，故选B。 【点评】考查时态，注意过去的过去是过去完成时的用法。 2．By the time I got there, the football match ________ already ________. A. has; finished B. was; finished C. had; finished D. /; finished 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到我到达那里的时候，足球赛已经结束了。by the time通常用完成时态，根据got可知是过去完成时，故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。 3．The film when I got there． A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】题中“I got there”表现的是过去时，且题意表达已经开始故为过去完成时，故选C. 【点评】此题考查过去完成时。 4．—I ______ know you can play the piano so well. —Thank you. A. didn't B. don't C. can't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道你钢琴弹得那么好。——谢谢。A. didn't不，一般过去时态，指过去的状态及过去发生的动作；B. don't不，一般现在时态，指经常性、习惯性的动作；C. can't不能，指能力；不可能，表示否定的推测。根据语境，说话时我已知道你钢琴弹得好，不知道是过去的状态，用一般过去时，故选A。
王珍 公开课过去完成时和过去完成进行时教案
Teaching plan 设计教师:源潭中学王珍 教学班级:高二(3)班 课题名称:The Revision of Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous 教材版本:北师大版 授课时间:2008年12月23日 一.学生分析 高二(3)班为文科重点班,学生在整体上占有相对的优势,但是由于女生较多,而男生的英语基础薄弱,学生的思维不太活跃,课堂气氛较为沉闷。 二.教材分析 1.本节课的内容是Module6的语法项目,复习过去完成时和 过去完成进行时这两种时态。 2.这两种时态分别出现在Unit16和Unit17中Lesson1的 Grammar 讲解中。 3.时态是高中学生必须掌握的语法内容,但由于学生的英语 基础掌握的不扎实, 他们容易混淆现在分词和过去分词的构成。此外，这两种时态之间又存在着异同点。由于语法点多且杂，大多数学生对语法存在着畏难的心理。因此应采取有效的方法进行语法教学,让学生能够在现实的环境中运用。
Teaching Aims: 1.To review the basic form of Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous. 2.To make the difference of Past Participle and Present Participle. 3.To grasp how to choose the right tense for a certain situation. 4.To practice using the two tenses to make sentences. Teaching Important Points: 1.Help the students to recall the basic form of the two tenses. 2.To grasp the different uses of the two tenses. Teaching Difficulties: 1.To make a difference of the two tenses. 2.How to use the two tenses. Teaching Aids: Multi-media Teaching Methods:Inductive Method Task-based Method students-centered Method Teaching Procedures Step1 Lead –in 1. To introduce the two tenses by asking students questions. 2. Help the students to speak out the two tenses in English after reading these sentences. Who had bought a new mobile phone?
初中现在完成时练习题及答案
现在完成时 1.现在完成时的构成： 现在完成时由助动词have\has + 过去分词构成，第三人称单数用has，其余用have。 I have been in Shenzhen for seven years. Lily hasn’t been to America before. 2.现在完成时的用法： 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday. 3.常和现在完成时连用的时间状语： already, yet, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never，since，for等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。 They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。 She has been an independent girl since her father passed away. 自从父亲去世后，这女孩就变得独立了。 Jack has been a doctor for 10 years.杰克做医生已经10年了。 4.现在完成时的否定式和疑问句。 否定句：在have\has后加not 结构：主语+has\have+not+过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Has\Have提到主语前，其他照写。结构：Have\Has+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 注意：肯定句中如有some\and，在否定句或者一般疑问句中要变成any\or，即 some-any and-or
过去完成时用法详解
过去完成时用法小结一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had fini shed my homework before suppe我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started whe n we got to the theat 我们至U剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients 六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续至过去某个时间或还要 持续下去，常与for, si nee等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten yeabefore he retired last year.他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known hes in eehe was a child.他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight yearbsefore he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。
十六种英语时态总结(最新)
英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don…t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。 肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. （2）一般过去时 be动词＋行为动词的过去式 否定句式：在行为动词前加didn…t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not； was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词 例如：Did he work for us? He didn't work for us. He worked for us. （3）一般将来时 am／are／is＋going to＋do 或 will／shall＋do am/is/are/about to + do am/is/are to + do; 一般将来时的表达方法 be going to +动词原形
be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形 be able to +不定式 be about to+动词原形 will + 动词原形； 例如：He is going to work for us. He will work for us； He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时表达将来时态的例子！！ (4)过去将来时 be（was，were）going to+动词原形 be（was，were）about to+动词原形 be（was，were）to+动词原形 肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～. 否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～. 疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？ 肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～. 否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～. 疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？ He would work for us. (5)现在进行时 主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词) 表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。 例如：I am buying a book. 第一人称+am+doing+sth 第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式） 第三人称+is+doing+sth 例：He is working. (6)过去进行时 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它；答语：Yes,I主语+was/we re./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它 He was working when he was alive. (7)将来进行时
过去完成时难点、易错点含答案解析
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现在完成时练习题及答案精华版.doc
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过去完成时用法详解
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高考复习：现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时
教学过程 一、课堂导入 时态在高考中，单选会考1至2题，完形填空里面对副词的考查也是比较多的，所以也是需要好好掌握的语法点。 二、复习预习
复习上一单元的知识点之后，以达到复习的效果。然后给学生一些相关的单选或其他类型题目，再老师没有讲解的情况下，让学生独立思考，给出答案与解释，促进学生发现问题，同时老师也能发现学生的盲点，并能有针对性地进行后面的讲课。 三、知识讲解 知识点1：现在完成时：构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词
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知识点2：现在完成进行时：构成：主语+ have/has + been +动词的现在分词 用法： 表示动作从过去一个时间开始，一直延续到现在，强调在此阶段时间里，动作一直在进行。 ⑴、过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作
人教版英语初二英语过去完成时知识点总结及解析
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现在完成时结构
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1、already意思是“已经” A、通常用于陈述句中（放在have和has的后面） B、也可用于疑问句，表示期望得到肯定的回答或表示惊异，此时 already常放在句末。 She has already found her bike. Has she found her bike already她已经找到自行车了 2、yet用法 A、yet可用于否定句，此时译为“还”； I haven’t found my ruler yet. B、也可以用于疑问句，译为“已经”（放在have和has的后面也可放在句末） Have you found your ruler yet你已经找到尺子了吗 3、just只用于陈述句意思是“刚才”（放在have和has的后面） I have just received a letter. 4、never用于否定句译为“从不”（放在have和has的后面） I’ve never been to Beijing. 5、ever用于疑问句译为“曾经”（放在have和has的后面） Have you ever been to Beijing 规则动词过去分词和过去式变法一样
英语过去完成时练习题及答案及解析
英语过去完成时练习题及答案及解析 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．—Lily went to see the movie alone. —If she _____ me about it, I would have gone with her. A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told 【答案】D 【解析】 考查时态。句意：丽丽一个人去看电影了。——如果她告诉过我这件事，我会和她一起去的。结合语境可知从句中说的是在过去已完成动作，故用过去完成时态。 2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheated B．being questioned; was cheating C．questioned; had cheated D．being questioned; has cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。 3．Hardly ___________the door when he rushed into the office out of breath. A．I opened B．did I open C．I had opened D．had I opened 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查hardly...when 结构，表示“一……就、刚刚……就”；句意：我刚把门打开，他就气喘吁吁冲进办公室。hardly 以及含有否定意义的副词放在句首，句子用倒装结构，故选D。 【名师点睛】 hardly......when的用法 表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，意思是“刚刚....，就....”。注意其时态上主句一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。有时主句也可用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时。