再生与不可再生能源(英文)共58页PPT资料

World Fuel Resources
Power reserves
Petroleum or Oil
130 billion tonnes
Natural Gas
158 billion cubic metres
பைடு நூலகம்
Coal
950 billion tonnes
Total used 2.2 billion
1.5billion
• The major fossil fuels are – coal (煤), – petroleum (石油) and – natural gas (天然氣).
• Fossils fuels are non-renewable (非再生能 源) energy sources.
• This is because fossil fuels take millions of years to form. Once they are used up they can never be replaced.
2.2 billion
in 1990
tonnes cubic metres tonnes
From the above table, the present world's estimated oil reserves may be used up in the next 50 to 60 years.
•
Natural Gas
• Natural gas is found together with oil and sometimes with coal.
• The gas consists mainly of methane CH4.
Natural Gas (naturalgas.org/)
Petroleum (petroleum.co.uk/)
How is petroleum used?
• The thick crude oil that comes from the ground is a complex mixture of compounds. It is necessary to separate the compounds. The separated substances have two main uses:
• Most of the world’s energy is provided by the burning of fossil fuels (化石燃料).
• Coal, Oil and Gas are called "fossil fuels”because they are natural combustible substances formed originally from dead plants and animals.
– as sources of useful fuels. e.g. petrol – as raw materials to make other products.
e.g. plastics, detergents.
Products Made from a Barrel of Crude Oil
• In some countries, the gas is carried by pipes to homes and factories for heating and cooking.
HOW NATURAL GAS IS STORED AND DELIVERED
Non-Renewable energy sources:
1.Fossil Fuels
What are fossil fuels ?
• A fuel is any substance used as a source of energy, including heating, transport, electricity generation and other uses.
Coal
• Coal is the plants ,that grew in swampy areas about 300 millions ago, died to form layers of decaying material.
• Heat, pressure and the action of bacteria changed the decaying plants into coal.
How it works:
• Coal is crushed to a fine dust and burnt.
How is coal used?
• Today, about 70 % of the total coal mined is burned in power station.
Coal Education (coaleducation.org/)
Integrated Science
Renewable and Nonrenewable energy sources
Introduction of sources of energy
Non-Renewable
1. Fossil Fuels 2. Nuclear
Renewable
1. Wind 2. Solar 3. Tidal 4. Hydropower 5. 5. Geothermal
Petroleum
1. How was petroleum formed?
• Petroleum was formed from small sea animals and plants that lived millions of years ago. After they died, heat; pressure; and the action of bacteria changed the remains into oil. The oil formed was then trapped as small drops inside the pores of rocks.