八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结
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八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
本单元的话题:谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法:1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:
(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词,some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;
(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one 为两个单词);
(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something,形容词important放后)
Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything,形容词special放后)
Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词interesting放后)
(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和知识点:
1. go on vacation去度假go to the mountains 上山/进山
2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营
3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考go out出去
4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相most of the time大部分时间
5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物
6. taste good. 尝起来很好
taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词
7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴,玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself)8. go shopping去购物9. nothing…but+动词原形:除了……之外什么都没有
He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。
10. seem to do sth:好像…I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+(to be)+形容词:看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。
11.keep a diary记日记
12. in+大地方:达到某地(get to +地方:达到某地)
arrive at+小地方:达到某地(get的过去式为got)
若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词,后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。
13.decide to do sth:决定做某事14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事
15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到16. in the past 在过去walk around四处走走
enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事difference(名词,差异,差别)---- different(形容词,不同的)
18.start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)
19.19.over an hour一个多小时(over超过,多余= more than)
20. too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。
much too 太,后跟形容词或副词,分辨三者的口诀:too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。
21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing),不能接句子。
because因为,后跟句子。
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词)
= He was late for school because he got up late.
22. enough(足够的)与名词连用,一般放在名词前He has enough money .
23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用,enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.
24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)
Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot)
25. so+形容词+that+句子:如此…以至于…
too+形容词+to do sth:太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth:足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
本单元的话题:谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。
本单元的语法:1.复习一般现在时;2.学习表示频率副词的用法。
主要频率副词的等级排序:always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
这些副词在句子中的位置,一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。即:“行”前“助(系)”后。Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。
I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。
提问always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词,用How often
I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?)
本单元的短语和知识点:
1.on weekends在周末go to the movies去看电影help with housework帮助做家务how often多久一次hardly ever几乎从不
2.once a week每周一次twice a week每周两次every day每天use the Internet用互联网be free有空Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗?
4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动
5.after school 放学后
6.want sth:需要某物He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。
want to do sth:想做某事He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。
want sb to do sth:让某人做某事My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起。
7.be good for对……有好处be bad for 对……有害处
8. play computer games打电子游戏go camping去野营9.ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。
10. in one’s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time.11.(P13,2b)”数字+percent of+名词”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。
In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirty.
12.not…at all:一点儿也不(not构成否定句)I don’t like the movie at all.
13.go online上网=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词:…的答案
16.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式