毕业设计-超声波倒车雷达论文

毕业设计(论文)

题目：超声波倒车雷达设计与制作

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201年月日

摘要

倒车雷达又称泊车辅助系统，是汽车泊车安全辅助装置，能以声音或者更为直观的显示告知驾驶员周围障碍物的情况，解除了驾驶员泊车和起动车辆时前后左右探视所引起的困扰，并帮助驾驶员扫除了视野死角和视线模糊的缺陷，提高了安全性。一般由超声波传感器（俗称探头）、控制器和显示器等部分组成，现在市场上的倒车雷达大多采用超声波测距原理，驾驶者在倒车时，启动倒车雷达，在控制器的控制下，由装置于车尾保险杠上的探头发送超声波，遇到障碍物，产生回波信号，传感器接收到回波信号后经控制器进行数据处理，判断出障碍物的位置，由显示器显示距离并发出警示信号，得到及时警示，从而使驾驶者倒车时做到心中有数，使倒车变得更轻松。倒车雷达的提示方式可分为液晶、语言和声音三种；接收方式有无线传输和有线传输等。本方案采用语音提示的方式，本文介绍了以SPCE061A单片机为核心的一种低成本、高精度、微型化，并有数字显示和声光报警功能的倒车雷达系统。利用SPCE061A 单片机所具备的单芯片语音功能，外接三个超声波测距模组，组成一个示例的倒车雷达系统，语音提示报警（0.35m~1.5m）范围内的障碍物。

关键词：

倒车雷达超声波单片机SPCE061A

Abstract

Car parking sensor is for the current roads, streets, parking lots, garages and so more and more crowded, plus there is the visual blind spot, unable to see the rear obstacle, the driver can easily scratch the car when reversing, or even the circumstances of the accident aimed at reversing the emergence of a protection vehicle collision avoidance system. The system is able to lower the speed of vehicles reversing the process, identify the obstacles out of the bus back, and be able to measure the distance between the vehicle and the obstacle and come out through the voice broadcast to remind drivers to brake. This design from the perspective of experimental research and analysis. An non-contact ultrasonic distance testing system based on surplus SPCE061A microprocessor is presented, and the software and hardware are introduced. The time counting and both the transmiting and receiving of the ultrasonic wave are controlled by the microprocessor. The measured distance can be calculated and displayed via the echo time by the assembler.The features of the simple hardware, stable operation and distinct programme flow are incarnated in the proposed system and the results can also be pronounced in real-time. System design using the modular design, simplifying the debugging effort, well done eventually reversing radar, ultrasonic distance measurement system hardware design, software design and system debugging.

Keyword:

reverse radar ultrasonic SPCE061A

目录

引言 (1)

第一章实现功能 (2)

第二章核心器件简介 (3)

2.1 SPCE061芯片特性 (3)

2.1.1SPCE061简介 (3)

2.1.2芯片特性 (4)

2.2 SPCE061A精简开发板 (4)

2.3 超声波测距模组 (5)

2.4 转接板 (9)

第三章系统总体方案设计 (11)

3.1超声波的定义 (11)

3.2超声波的物理特性 (11)

3.2.1超声波的衰减 (11)

3.2.2超声波的波形 (12)

3.2.3超声波的传播速度 (13)

3.3超声波传感器 (13)

3.4超声波测距原理 (14)

第四章系统硬件设计 (16)

4.1 SPCE061A (16)

4.1.1SPCE061A (16)

4.1.2电源模块 (16)

4.1.3放音模块 (17)

4.2 超声波测距模组电路原理 (17)

4.2.1超声波谐振频率发生电路，调理电路 (17)

4.2.2超声波回波接受处理电路 (18)

4.2.3超声波测距模组电源接口 (18)

4.2.4超声波测距模式选择跳线 (19)

4.2.5超声波测距模组接口 (19)

4.3 转接板电路 (20)

4.4 显示电路 (21)

第五章系统软件设计 (22)

5.1 超声波测距原理 (22)

5.2 软件结构 (23)