高三英语完形填空专题讲座课件全国通用

4）设空的分类。设空的答案有的由一个句 子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定， 还有的由语篇内容综合决定。因此，设空分 为：（1）句子层次（点）；（2）句组层次 （线）；（3）语篇层次（面）。设空的难度， 从句子层次到句组层次，再到语篇层次，依 次递增。一般说来，三个层次的设空比例各 占三分之一。但是，从近年来的高考试题看， 语篇层次设空的比例有所增加，超过了三 分之一，反映出“突出语篇”的命题思路。
at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own. All went 38 that first week. When Saturday night came, I was luckily 39 the tables not far from the kitchen. 40 , I still felt a little hard to carry the heavy trays (托盘)。 Before I knew it, the 41 was full of people. I moved slowly, 42 every step. …
brush：n.刷子；v.（用刷子）刷
rest:The doctor told me to rest.
fire：We had to fire him for dishonesty.
Rest your head on my shoulder.(使支撑；使依靠； The talk had fired her with enthusiasm for 托) the project.(激起热情)
spare：1.Ican't spare time to relax.
2.No expense was spared in furnishing the new office.(不吝惜)
3.in my spare time(空闲的); a spare bedroom（不用的，闲置 的）; a spare tyre/key（备用的）.
注重在语境中考查词义的这一试题 特点，很好地反映了从重点测试语
言形式转向重点测试语言意义的改 革方向，反映了“强调应用，注重 交际”的命题原则。
语言意义的积累：注意一词多义、熟词生意
（尤以大纲词汇为主）：例如:
...her hands pushing my hair that way, for they felt rough 撞)
设空的答案有的由已读过的上文决
定，有的由未读过的下文决定，还 有的要综合上下文而定。所以设空 分为三类：（1）前制性设空；（2） 后制性设空；（3）语篇性设空。不 言而喻，前制性设空难度低，后制 性设空难度较高，语篇性设空难度 最高。
前制性设空
（08全国一卷） After the birth of my second child, I got a job
3. 语言特点
（1）四个选项一般属于同一词类，相同语义
范畴； （2）选项大多是一个单词，注意对称，避免 对答案的明显暗示；也就是语法意义选择少， 语义选择多； （3）跨越句子层次的题占绝大多数，就是说 只读懂设空所在句子便可找到答案的题，仅占 极少数，大多数的选项的答案要通过段落甚至 全文来找到；
介词 连词
NMET 2007 10 NMET 2008 9
NMET 2009 7
1 5
2
4 2
3
4 4
8
1 0
0
0 0
0
0 0
0

3）设空注重在语境中考查词义，但是， 完形填空题对词汇的考查并未设置太大的 障碍，选项所涉及的词汇，95%左右出自 课本，而且仅涉及基本意义和用法。在联 系上下文的情况下，考生很容易能将两个 选项排除，剩下两项，只要对上下文再进 行细致的推敲，对所剩两词的词义进行细 微的辨析，也很快能确定正确答案。1996 年以来几乎所有的选项，都要通过联系上 下文而确定，而单纯的语法选择填空已经 从试题中消失。
2． 体裁特点 （1）题目难度较大; 要求跳读全文，通篇考虑， 掌握大意，并运用所学的词汇、语法知识， 选出最佳答案，使短文恢复本来面貌。四 个选项中，干扰项是经过周密设计的。它 们往往都能和空前、空后的文字形成搭配， 从不同角度、不同层次设置干扰，起到不 同程度的“迷惑”作用。 （2）综合性较强; 此题考查的是考生英语基础 知识和综合运用语言的能力，其中包括识 词能力、阅读能力、理解能力和进行逻辑 推理和判断的能力。近年来高考题越来越 偏重对学生识词能力的考查。
those hands I once 25 to be so rough are still doing things for me and my family. Now, Mom no longer has Dad and lives 26 . One night on Thanksgiving Eve, I found myself 27 to her house to spend the night with her. As I slept in the bedroom of my youth, a familiar hand hesitantly ran across my face to 28 the hair from my forehead. Then a 29 , ever so gently , touched my forehead. I burst into tears. In my memory, thousands of times, I 30 the night my young voice complained. 25．A．expected B．changed C．reminded D．complained
1. 阅读理解的能力，尤其是跳读能力； 2. 归纳、判断、分析和推理的能力，找
准主题、话题以及了解篇章结构的能力；
3. 熟练扎实的词汇和语法知识。
二．试题特点 1. 选文特点 以叙述文体为主，多夹叙夹议， 思路明确，结构完整，语言丰富， 可读性强，富有教育意义。（文章 一般在260-300词之间；所选短文 结构严谨，层次分明、逻辑性强。
4. 设空特点
1）设空密度稳定。在260-300个词左右的
短文中，设空20个，平均设空密度为10-15 个单词设1个空。稳定的设空密度决定了完 形填空题稳定的命题难度。
2）设空以实词为主，虚词为辅；单词
为主，短语为辅。
“完形填空”选项对照表 Байду номын сангаас2007 – 2009年）
试卷
动词 形容词 副词 名词 代词
Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the help of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to include such a man in a story .Thus Long John Silver the pirate with a wooden leg, was born. So thanks to a rainy September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and the imagination of a twelve-yearold boy, we have one of the greatest real-life stories in the English language.

高考完形填空命题规律与解题技巧
(一)
一. 考查目的

完形填空要求考生阅读一篇不完整的短文， 在提供的选项中为每个空缺处找出最佳答案， 使短文得以恢复原貌，以求文意通顺、结构 完整。在答题过程中，考生需要弄清短文大 意，通篇考虑，设想所遇空缺处应该出现的 内容，随后以该题的选项验证自己的推测， 选定答案。该题型的考查目的包括：
41. A. kitchen B. street C. restaurant D. table
后制性设空
(12月考)…The years have passed, and I’m not a little girl any more. Mom is in her seventies, and
One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island .Robert noticed that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of the island.“What’s that ?” he asked ."That’s the buried treasure, " said the boy. Robert suddenly saw something of an adventure story in the boy’s picture. While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the hero a twelve-year-old boy ,just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate（海盗）?
against
my young skin. (倚；碰；
against:反对，与……相反；对……不利； 衬托，以……为背景
As I slept in the bedroom of my youth, a familiar hand hesitantly ran across my face to brush the hair from my forehead.（轻擦，掠过）

（3）整体性强; 完形填空要求从四个选项中
确定一个最佳答案，其他三个为干扰项，从 局部看，这三个干扰项通常不一定是错误的， 而是不适合其所在语篇的特定语言环境。当 选择答案时，要结合文章中出现的具体人物 或事件，根据文章所提供的时间、地点和语 言环境去体会人物的动作和感情。

因此,在做这类题时,首先要弄清短文大意, 通篇考虑,确定文章的基本意思和整体轮廓,再 着手对每个空所给的四个选项进行分析、推 理、和判断, 从而做出最佳选择.
2010 高三英语专题复习
完形填空
The True Story of Treasure Island It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination .However，recent research has found the true story of this exciting work. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived abroad for many years .In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a holiday .With him were his American wife Fanny and his son Lloyd. Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long walk over the hills. They had been enjoying this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse. Kept indoors by the heavy rain Lloyd felt the days dull. To keep the boy happy Robert asked the boy to do some drawing.