英语--概要写作技能训练(含答案)

第一节归纳主旨大意

将350词以内的文本浓缩成60词左右的概要, 需要一个过程。它大致是从文本整体的理解到各部分的概括再到整体的合成。首先, 我们需要整体阅读文本, 归纳主旨大意。

【有缘初识】

, 回答导学问题。

1. 该短文的主题是________.

A. shopping

B. advertising

C. undercover

D. marketing

2.在A同学的概要中, 与该主题不吻合的句子是_________________.

You are in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at the sweater. You listen to the conversation.

“I can't b elieve it--a Lorenzo Bertolla! They are almost impossible to find. Isn’t it beautiful? And it’s a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.”

They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. It's nice and the price is right. You’ve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So you buy it. You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes.

Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of undercover(暗中影响的) marketing.

Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don’t pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generation--consumers between the age of 18 and 34. It is a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend, but they don’t trust ads.

So advertising agencies hire young actors "perform" in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this Practice deceptive, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. "Look at the traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is decreasing.” However, one mig ht ask what "real " is exactly about if young women pretend to be enthusiastic about a sweater? Advertising executives would say it's no less real than an ad. The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. While you don't know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance.

某同学写的概要:

① Some attractive women say a Lorenzo Bertolla is beautiful but cheap, and you buy it. ②Actually these stylish people are employed by advertising agencies to do undercover marketing, w hich aims at people who don’t trust ads. ③Although, in some advertising executives’ opinion, it is creative and effective, undercover marketing is blamed for the performance which you are unaware of.

1. 议论和说明性文体通常围绕某个主题( topic/ subject)展开。

2. 概要写作的第一步便是阅读并抓取主题, 进而提取主旨大意, 即有关该主题的

主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。这一过程被称为归纳主旨大意。

3. 归纳主旨大意, 是为了整体上把握语篇要义, 有利于区分主次、剔除细节信息。

【名师导学】

一. 阅读A、B、C三个段落,回答导学问题

1. 请用下划线在各段标出含有本段主旨大意的句子。

2. 请分析这三个句子与所在段落中其他句子间的关系, 并举例说明

A

Many things may make you angry. You may get an gry when something doesn’t go your way. Maybe you get mad at yourself when you don’t understand your homework or when your team loses an important game. Maybe your teacher gave you too much homework. Or maybe a friend borrowed your favorite video game and then broke it. That made you angry！

B

Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows "everything" may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance.

C

What is Standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as Standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is Standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.

1.议论和说明性文体时常含有概括全段主要内容的句子, 即段落主旨句(top sentence)

2.段落主旨句作为段落的核心句子, 受到段落中其他句子的支撑, 即其他句子为段落主旨句提供支持性细节。

3.受英语开门见山、直切主题的表达特点的影响, 段落主旨句多在段首。少数主旨句可能出现在段中或段尾。

二、请阅读下面这个段落以及三位同学给出的段落主旨句, 回答导学问题