自动化专业无功补偿论文

摘要

随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高，各行各业对供电可靠性和供电质量提出了更高的要求。由于配电网处于电网的末端，用户多为低压用户，许多用电器的功率因数很低，且不带补偿装置，这给电网带来很大的功率负担和额外线损，为了维护电力系统稳定、保证电能质量和安全运行，对电网末端变压器进行就地无功补偿很有必要。本文利用专用三相电能专用芯片ATT7022B为核心构成的采样控制器，实时检测电网的电压、电流，有功、无功、功率因数，根据用电负荷情况，通过51单片机控制电容器组的自动投、切，实现无功功率的无功补偿，并利用12232液晶显示器显示当前的有功、无功、功率因数等参数。

关键字：功率因数，无功补偿，ATT7022B，单片机

Abstract

Along with economy of the development and people live a horizontal exaltation, every trade put forward a higher request to the power supply credibility and the power supply quality.In order to going together

with the bitter end that the charged barbed wire net is placed in charged barbed wire net, customer much is low-pressure customer, many powers factors which use an electric appliances are very low, and don't take repair device, this brings charged barbed wire net very big power burden with additional line , for the sake of maintenance electric power system stability, assurance electric power quality and safety circulate, to the charged barbed wire net bitter end transformer carry on right on the spot without achievement the repair has a necessity very much.This text makes use of appropriation three mutually the chip ATT7022 of the electric power appropriation B is core constitute of sample controller, solid hour examine the electric voltage, electric current of charged barbed wire net, have a great achievement, have no achievement, power

factor, according to use electricity to carry a circumstance, pass 51 single slice machine control capacitor set of automatic hurl, slice, carry out to have no achievement power of without achievement compensate, and make use of 12232 liquid crystal displays manifestation to have a great achievement at present, have no achievement, power factor etc.

Keywords:Power Factor,Var Compensate,ATT7022B,Single Chip Microcomputer

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1无功补偿的意义 (1)

1.2静止无功补偿技术的发展 (3)

1.3课题来源及主要研究内容 (7)

2 功率因数 (11)

2.1功率因数的定义 (11)

2.2功率因数的意义 (12)

3 系统的芯片介绍 (20)

3.1DSP(ATT7022B)芯片介绍 (20)

3.2单片机介绍 (28)

3.3LCD液晶显示器 (35)

4 硬件的系统设计 (47)

4.1数据采集系统的设计 (47)

4.2控制器的硬件设计 (53)

4.3系统的特点 (63)

5 总结与展望 (65)

5.1总结 (65)

5.2展望 (65)

参考文献 (66)

致谢 (68)

附录 1英文文献 (70)

附录2中文翻译 (95)

附录3设计原理图 (113)

1 绪论

1.1 无功补偿的意义

国民经济的高速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高带来了电力负荷的高速增长。尤其是近两、三年来，由于电力负荷增长迅猛，而发电装机容量和输配电能力不足，造成全国近20个省市电力供应紧张，部分省市出现限电拉闸 [1]。与此同时，随着电力市场的开放，电力用户对电能质量的要求也在提高；电力生产与供应企业也比以往任何时候都重视电力系统运行的经济性。

电力系统运行的经济性和电能质量与无功功率有重大的关系。无功功率是电力系统一种不可缺少的功率。大量的感性负荷和电网中的无功功率损耗，要求系统提供足够的无功功率，否则电网电压将下降，电能质量得不到保证。同时，无功功率的不合理分配，也将造成线损增加，降低电力系统运行的经济性。

无功功率从何而来？显然，发电机提供的无功功率相对