大豆常见病害

为害大豆粒荚
：
紫斑病Cercospora kikuchii、轮纹病Ascochyta glycines、赤霉病Fusarium avenacearum(Fusarium roseum、Fusarium semitectum)、荚枯病Macrophoma mame、炭疽病Colletotrichum glycines、黑痘病Sphaceloma glycines。
茎秆部病害有
：
菌核病Sclerotinia sclerotiorum、黑点病Phomopsis sojac(Diaporthe phaseolorum)、纹枯病Pellicularia sasakii。
根部病害有：
立枯病Rhizoctonia solani、猝倒病Pythium debaryanum、枯萎病Fusarium bulbigenum (F.oxysporum)。
④soybean cyst nematode,www.wfzyc.com,root-knot nematode disease: the rotation system and the prevention and control of disease resistance breeding. Major pest moth, meadow moth, pod borer, bean stalk flies the bean stalk black maggot, spider mites and aphids, chemical control. Dodder damage even in the Huang-Huai Plain of intense cleaning seed, prevention and control of biological control and crop rotation.
大豆常见病害
病害较多
①真菌病：有为害暗叶部的斑枯病、灰斑病、霜霉病和锈病等，其中霜霉病遍及各地；为害根、茎的有疫腐病、菌核病和炭疽病。疫腐病以抗病育种；其它靠轮作法wk.baidu.com治。为害子粒的有紫斑病和黑点病，药剂拌种防治。
②细菌病：有斑点病和斑疹病，有的可用抗病育种防治。
③病毒病：种类多，中国长江流域和黄淮平原以花叶病毒流行广、为害重。采用无病毒种子、消灭媒介昆虫及抗病育种防治。
Root diseases:
Blight Rhizoctonia solani, damping-off disease Pythium debaryanum, to wilt the Fusarium bulbigenum (F.oxysporum).
Peliosis
Peliosis
Peliosis
Leaf disease:
Downy mildew Peronospora manshurica, gray spot disease Cercospora sojina,, brown grain disease Septoria glycines, black spot of Alternaria brassicae, var.phaseoli of Alternaria fasciculata Alernaria tenuissima rust Phakopsora pachyrhizi, powdery mildew Erysiphe polygoni of Pseudomonas glycinea, bacterial spot, bacterial spotexanthema Xanthomonas phaseoli var. sojense, soybean mosaic virus Soybean mosaic virus (SMV).
Soybean disease prevention and treatment resistant varieties based comprehensive prevention and control measures.Chemical control: 30 kinds of soybean diseases by seed infection accounted for about 60% of the initial infection source, Yaojibanzhong can reduce the source of infection of the disease,www.bjyuer.net,but also control effect on seedling diseases.Thiram 0.3% of seed, against soybean downy mildew and gray leaf spot.Leaf diseases such as downy mildew, gray leaf spot, root diseases such as cyst nematode, etc., can be used Pharmacy effective prevention and treatment; the agriculture measures to prevent, to take reasonable rotation, such as the prevention and treatment of soybean cyst nematode, the implementation of soybeans and cereal crops or non-parasitic crops 3-5 rings as reduce insect source. Species by selection; establish disease-free seed fields, the fight against downy mildew, peliosis, gray leaf spot disease of soybean mosaic virus better.www.caselin.com,Cultivating, weeding, exclude water in field, can reduce the occurrence of of soybean the dissatisfied disease and root diseases. Organic fertilizer, timely irrigation can reduce cyst nematode infestation. Clear the weeds in the field, and also reduce soybean mosaic virus disease.
②bacterial diseases: scab and spotted disease, and some are available prevention and control of disease resistance breeding.
(3) virus disease: many kinds of the Yangtze River in China and the Huang-Huai plain mosaic virus widely popular heavy damage. The seed virus, the eradication of the insect vector, and the prevention and control of disease resistance breeding.
Disease more
①fungal disease: damage dark leaves leaf blight, gray leaf spot, downy mildew and rust, which downy mildew everywhere;www.uevip.com,damage roots and stems of Phytophthora rot, Sclerotinia and anthrax.Phytophthora rot disease resistance breeding; rely on crop rotation prevention. Peliosis and black spot disease damage grain, Yaojibanzhong prevention.
防治措施
大豆的病虫害对大豆的正常生长危害很大，严重时减产损失达30%以上。大豆的病害有：大豆根腐病、线虫病、灰斑病、褐纹病、霜霉病等，虫害有潜根蝇、大豆蚜虫、食心虫等。
防治办法：①事前预防，选无病优良品种，整地时进行土壤灭菌杀虫处理；②在发病前喷施灭菌防虫药剂+新高脂膜800倍液可有效预防病虫害发生；③在病虫害发生期，要按植保要求喷施针对性药剂+新高脂膜800倍液进行灭杀。
There cyst nematode Heterodera glycines occurs mainly in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Henan and other provinces (autonomous regions).The roots blight Phytophthora magasperma var.sojae is a major disease in the United States, China has not yet found.Quarantine objects.
④大豆孢囊线虫病、根结线虫病：采用合理轮作和抗病育种防治。主要虫害有食心虫、草地螟、豆荚螟、豆秆蝇、豆秆黑潜蝇、红蜘蛛和蚜虫等，以药剂防治为主。菟丝子在黄淮平原为害甚烈，采用清选种子、生物防治和轮作防治。
大豆锈病
大豆锈病
已发现的病害有30余种，其中真菌性病害最多，病毒类主要是大豆花叶病毒，线虫病主要为孢囊线虫和根结线虫。大豆锈病、炭疽病、细菌性斑疹病等，在南方发生较重。北方春大豆区霜霉病、灰斑病、细菌性斑点病、孢囊线虫病发生普遍。大豆病毒病在各大豆栽培区都有发生
Soybean Rust
Soybean Rust
Disease have been found more than 30 species, most fungal diseases, viruses, mainly soybean mosaic virus, the nematode cyst nematode and root-knot nematodes.Soybean rust, anthracnose, bacterial rash diseases such as occurred in the south heavier.The North the spring soybean District downy mildew, gray leaf spot, bacterial spot,www.baidaiful.com,cyst nematode occurs generally.Soybean virus disease have occurred in soybean cultivation area
Infestation of soybean seed pod
:
Peliosis the Cercospora kikuchii, ring rot Ascochyta glycines scab of Fusarium avenacearum (of Fusarium roseum, Fusarium semitectum) the pods blight Macrophoma mame, anthracnose Colletotrichum glycines, anthracnose Sphaceloma glycines.
Stem Ministry of diseases have
:
Sclerotinia Sclerotinia sclerotiorum black spot disease the Phomopsis sojac (Diaporthe phaseolorum), sheath blight Pellicularia sasakii.
紫斑病
紫斑病
紫斑病
还有孢囊线虫Heterodera glycines主要发生在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山东、河南等省(自治区)。根疫病Phytophthora magasperma var.sojae是美国的主要病害，中国尚未发现。是检疫对象。
大豆病害的防治以抗病品种为主的综合防治措施。药剂防治：在30余种大豆病害中，由种子带菌为初次侵染源的占60%左右，药剂拌种能减少病害的侵染源，而且对苗期病害也有防治效果。如福美双0.3%拌种，可防治大豆霜霉病和灰斑病。叶部病害如霜霉病、灰斑病，根部病害如孢囊线虫病等，均可用药剂进行有效防治；农业措施防治，采取合理轮作，如防治大豆孢囊线虫病，实行大豆与禾谷类作物或非寄生作物3-5年轮作，减少虫源。种前通过选种；建立无病种子田，对防治霜霉病、紫斑病、灰斑病，大豆花叶病毒效果较好。中耕除草，排除田间积水，能减轻大豆觖病和根部病害的发生。增施有机肥，适时灌水，可减轻孢囊线虫病的为害。清除田间杂草，亦可减少大豆花叶病毒等病害。
叶部病害主要有：
霜霉病Peronospora manshurica、灰斑病Cercospora sojina、褐纹病Septoria glycines、黑斑病Alternaria brassicae var.phaseoli Alternaria fasciculata Alernaria tenuissima、锈病Phakopsora pachyrhizi、白粉病Erysiphe polygoni、细菌性斑点病Pseudomonas glycinea、细菌性斑疹病Xanthomonas phaseoli var. sojense、大豆花叶病Soybean mosaic virus(SMV)等。