高考语法填空专项训练介词

高考语法填空专项训练介词介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中都两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一.该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词〔一个单词〕，主要考点：

1.时间

at, in, on 时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到……时为止after 在……之后 before在……之前for 一段时间during 在……期间within在……期间，不超过since自从…throughout 贯穿……期间 until/till直到from…to… 从……到between在…之间over 在……期间，过完一段时间

2. 方位

into 进入out of从……出来〔a〕round

围饶着或在……的各处along沿着

towards向或朝着to到或向from从

up沿……而上

off从……离开或下来 at朝着或向着for到…去

down沿..而下

at在某一点或在〔某物〕旁in在某一范围内 on在某物的表面上

between在〔两者〕之间

above在……的上头或高出below在…下面或低于 among在〔多者〕之中a round在……周围inside在……的里面outside在……的外面 before在……之前behind在……的后面

over在……的上方或上面under在……的下面或下方； beside/by在……的旁边near 在……的附近

beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过〔某事物的范围〕across在……的对面或那一边 against 靠着across从一边到另一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过

over从某人或某物的上空经过

through从某事物的里面经过.

3. 原因because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at

〔 at常放在情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后原因，相当于“听到或看到” 〕等.

4. 方式、方法或手段

By 乘、坐、骑〔接交通工具〕, 靠、通过in用〔某种语言或材料，如墨水, 抽象的文具in ink, in pen, in pencil等〕

with用〔具体的工具〕，和……一起；伴随through通过〔实践或书本〕等

.

5. “除……外” except, besides, but, except for等.

6. “数量” about〔大约〕, around〔大约〕, over〔超过〕等

“关于”on, about等；

“所属”“部分与整体关系”of

〔增加/减少，相差，高出等的〕程度by

以及as〔当作，作为〕， like〔像…一样〕等.

7. 能接复合宾语的介词 with和without

8. 短语中的介词. “动词+介词” 短语，look after, care for，congratulate on等；

“动词+副词+介词” 短语 catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；

“动词+名词+介词” take are of, take notice of等；

“名词+介词”，effect on, congratulations on等.

解题技巧：

1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？

我们首先必须知道两点：

〔1〕介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；

〔2〕名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语.

因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词.

2. 应该填哪个介词？

在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当.另外，以下几条思路对解题非常用：

〔1〕由介词短语与谓语的逻辑关系来确定.

[例1 ]He was very tired _______ doing this for a whole day...

分析：累了必定是在干了一整天活之后，故填after；另外，“因……而累”，be tired

from也是固定短语，故也可填from.

〔2〕由所处句型的特殊需要来确定.

[例2]Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. _____these proverbs there are often interesting stories.

分析：因these

proverbs是名词，且不是作主语、宾语、表语等，前面很可能是填介词；句意是“在中国的

这些成语故事的背后常常趣的故事”，“在……背后”，用介词behind.

〔3〕由特殊的结构关系来确定.如能接复合宾语〔宾语+宾补〕只能是with或without.

[例3] You have no idea how she finished the relay race __with____ her foot wounded so much. 〔福建〕〔4〕考虑介词〔空格〕与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词〔空格〕与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填.

[例4]…the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me ______a guest in their house.

分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，“当作，作为”用介词as.

一、单句填空：用适当填空.

1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ___________ a chair. 〔安徽〕

2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ___________ the back door. 〔北京〕

3. A great man shows his greatness ___________ the way he treats little men. 〔福建〕

4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _________ her foot wounded so much. 〔福建〕

5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _______________ the point. 〔辽宁〕

6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _________ a stepping-stone to future success. 〔宁夏〕

7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____________ working here. 〔全国Ⅱ〕

8. I began to feel _____________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. 〔山东〕

9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______________ her wildest dreams. 〔陕西〕

10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _______________ the weather. 〔浙江〕

11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ___________ girls of your age. 〔北京〕

12. Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn’〔福建〕

13. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. 〔湖南〕

14. Scientists are convinced _________ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health.

〔江西〕

15. Experts have been warning _________ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. 〔江西〕

16. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting. 〔全国I〕

17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days. 〔全国II〕

18. Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves. 〔四川〕

19. The open-air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. 〔浙江〕

20. Sorry, Madam. You’d bettt’s _________the visiting hours. 〔福建〕

21. It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen. 〔安徽〕