financial accouting chapter1金融会计英文原版课件(含解说注释)

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Accounting Systems
An accounting system consists of the personnel, procedures, technology, and records used by an organization to develop accounting information and to communicate this information to decision makers.
Dennis Kozlowski, the former CEO of Tyco, was sentenced to 8 1/3 to 25 years in prison for his conviction for conspiracy, securities fraud, and falsifying records.
Provide specific information about economic resources, claims to resources, and changes in resources and claims.
Provide information useful in assessing amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows.
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Components of Internal Control
Control Environment Risk Assessment Control Activities Information and Communication Monitoring
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External Users of Accounting Information
源自文库
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Owners Board of Directors
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
Typical Simple Organization Chart
V.P. Information Services Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
V.P Ethics
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Information System
Information Users Investors Creditors Managers Owners Customers Employees Regulators -SEC -IRS -FTC
Financial Information Provided Profitability Financial position Cash flows
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I’m Not An Accounting Major
Accounting is the language of business, and trying to run a business without understanding accounting information is analogous to trying to play sports without understanding the rules.
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What About Bookkeeping?
Bookkeeping is the clerical side of accounting— the recording of routine transactions and day-today record keeping.
Professional accountants are involved more with the interpretation and use of accounting information than with its actual preparation.
Ethical behavior is the cornerstone of the accounting profession.
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Careers in Accounting
Public Accounting Management Accounting Governmental Accounting Accounting Education
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Basic Functions of an Accounting System
Interpret and record business transactions. Classify similar transactions into useful reports. Summarize and communicate information to decision makers.
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Ethics, Fraud & Corporate Governance
Corporate governance entails corporate structures and processes for overseeing the company’s affairs to ensure that the company is being managed with the best interests of shareholders in mind.
Based on GeneralPurpose Assumption Results from Inexact and Approximate Measures
Historical in Nature
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Users of Internal Accounting Information
Board of directors Chief executive officer (CEO) Chief financial officer (CFO) Vice presidents Business unit managers Plant managers Store managers Line supervisors
Balance Sheet Statement of Cash Flows
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Income Statement
Characteristics of Externally Reported Information
A Means to an End Usefulness Enhanced via Explanation Broader than Financial Statements
Provide general information useful in making investment and credit decisions.
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Objectives of External Financial Reporting
The primary financial statements.
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Competence, Judgment and Ethical Behavior
Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Certified Management Accountant (CMA) Certified Internal Auditor (CIA)
• Owners • Creditors • Potential investors • Labor unions • Governmental agencies • Suppliers • Customers • Trade associations • General public
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Objectives of External Financial Reporting
Accounting:
Information for Decision Making
Chapter 1
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The Accounting Process
Economic Activities
Accounting links decision makers with economic activities and with the results of their decisions.
Accounting Information
Actions (decisions)
Decision Makers
Reported Results of Actions (decisions)
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Types of Accounting Information
Financial
Tax
Management
Decisions Supported Performance evaluations Stock investments Tax strategies Labor relations Resource allocations Lending decisions Borrowing
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Determining Information Needs
Business Unit Managers
V.P. Human Resources
Plant Managers
Plant Managers
Controller
Treasurer
Plant Accountants
Plant Accountants
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Objectives of Management Accounting Information
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Professional Organizations
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Institute of Management Accountants Institute of Internal Auditors American Accounting Association Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO)
Measures of Efficiency and Effectiveness
Oriented Toward Future
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Institutional Features
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) Financial Accounting Standards Board International Accounting Standards Board Securities and Exchange Commission Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Audits of Financial Statements Legislation
Financial Accounting
Fourteenth Edition
Williams
Haka
Bettner
Carcello
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Although much accounting information clearly is essential to business operations, management still has many choices as to the types and amount of accounting information to be developed.
To help achieve goals and missions To help evaluate and reward decision makers
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Characteristics of Management Accounting Information
Timeliness A Means to an End Identify Decision Maker