【复习讲义】名词、冠词和介词(学生版)

总复习之名词、冠词和介词阅读拓展

A

Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o’clock. "Who can it be at this time of night?" He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got of bed, put on his dressing gown (浴袍) and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. "That is very strange." Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed ,turned off the light and tried to go to sleep.

A few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it : "It is now after midnight(午夜), so it is April Fool’s Day (禺人节) . April fool to you!"

"Oh , it was the English boy next door!" Mr. Lee exclaimed (惊叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and feel asleep at once. The bell did not ring again.

1. When did Mr. Lee go to bed?

A. before twelve o’clock

B. after twelve o’clock

C. when the bell rang

D. when he saw the boy

2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time?

A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor

B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was.

C. He was afraid of the ring

D. He was waiting for someone.

3. From this passage, we learn that we can _______ on April Fool’s Day.

A. say "Hello" to each other

B. dance and sing at night

C. play jokes on each other

D. send presents to children

4. What did Mr. Lee think about the English boy?

A. was a good boy

B. was friendly with him

C. shouldn’t ring the bell at midnight

D. did a dangerous thing just now

语法精讲

A.名词

【用法讲解】

1. 可数名词和不可数名词：

英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式。可数名词的单数变为复数的规则为：1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。

如：book－；pen－；eraser－

2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。

如：bus－；box－；watch－

3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。

如：baby－；country－；city－

注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。

如：boy－；toy－

4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。

如：wife－；leaf－；knife－

5）以字母o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般加-s，或－es。

如：photo－，radio－，piano－，tomato－，potato－

6）一些特殊变化的复数形式。

如：man/woman－/ ；child－children；

foot－；tooth－；mouse－

7）有些名词的单复数形式相同：

如：sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese，yuan（元），jin （斤）

注意：

有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时，作单数形式理解；如果表示这个群体的所有成员，通常被看作复数。

常用的这类词有：

class 班级；team 队（员）；family 家庭/人；government 政府；group 组（员）The family not large. 这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）

The family all music lovers. 这一家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭中的成员）Almost all families in this village the program. （指多个家庭）在这个村庄几乎所有家庭都参加了这个节目。

【中考真题】