信用风险管理.ppt
合集下载
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Sales channels
Reporting
Credit Analysis
Financial analysis Credit analysis Exposure aggregation Risk rating Credit scoring Exposure measurement Management reporting
Risk Management Portfolio Management
Concentration Diversification
Sales Channels Risk Strategy Underwriting Standards Credit Application
Allowance for Bad Debts
Value Proposition
Credit plays a critical role in “selling” products and services
– Expands revenue opportunities with creditworthy, incremental customers – Utilizes innovative structures to support business relationships Effective credit risk management limits credit losses and provides stable cash flows and earnings – Marketplace rewards companies exhibiting earnings and cash flow stability with higher P/E multiples – Marketplace penalizes credit induced volatility and “surprises” Raises questions about quality of management
Credit Policies & Procedures Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance Governance, Control and Implementation
Measurement Methodologies
Analysis & Risk Management
Corporate Credit Risk
Companies are exposed to significant levels of credit risk emanating from different sources
Accounts Receivables Other Notes Receivables Buyer and Franchise Financing With Recourse Financing
Credit Risk Areas to Consider
Origination/ Assessment
Administration Credit Policy Credit Approval Authority Limit Setting Pricing Terms and Conditions Documentation: Contracts and Covenants Collateral and Security Collections, Delinquencies and Workouts
Plan
Methodology
Improve Profitability
Credit Strategy/ Plan
Common Performance Metrics
Credit Objectives and Risk Tolerances
Credit Policies
Credit Risk Management Processes
Credit Risk Management
Enhancing Your Bottom Line
The AFP 23rd Annual Conference New Orleans November 3-6, 2002
Ebrahim Shabudin Managing Director Deloitte & Touche LLP
The measures drive value creation and should support problem identification and correction.
Credit Risk Management’s Inter-related Activities
CREDIT POLICY Origination
– Note also that Critical Suppliers to the company may pose specific credit risk
DSO Impact … an example
Actual Q3 A/R Q3 Sales \ DSOs = Hypothetical DSOs Q3 Sales \ Q3 A/R =
Performance-based management utilizes metrics that measure actual performance against predetermined thresholds. The thresholds are established taking into account the organization’s strategy, operating environment and process controls.
Technology & Data Integrity
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Reassessment Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance
– Project Finance – Structured Transactions – Leases with Recourse
Derivatives Exposures
– FX, Interest Rate Risk, Commodities etc.
Collateral Risk
– Parent or Third Party Guarantees – Commercial and Standby Letters of Credit
Reporting
The business strategies and objectives drive the establishment of credit policies and procedures. Measurement and reporting as well as the use of current technologies enhance credit decision-making and improve risk management. The entire process is continually re-evaluated and improved.
Credit as a Facilitator
Credit risk management is important
– Credit is a facilitator of business growth and performance – High business margins tend to attract lower quality clients and therefore higher risk profile to manage – Clients (buyers) may be concentrated in selected industries and provide limited portfolio diversification opportunity – Poor credit risk management resulting in negative impact to bottom-line is heavily penalized by markets
Business Strategy
Systems Operations Finance
Business Performance Measures
Value Creation
Organizations need a rigorous set of measures to support continuous improvement
Analysis
Risk Mitigation
Objectives Type of Exposure
Business/ Industry Financial Credit
Credit Scoring and Ratings
Instruments or Methods
Performance Management
RISK MANAGEMENT
Disposal / Risk mitigation
Recoveries
Collections
Customer management
Portfolio management
Credit Decisions
Compliance
Transactions Collateral management
Pricing & terms
Credit limit
Collateral acceptance Contracts & Documentation
Credit Risk Management
A complete and coherent risk management framework contains the following elements
Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance
Credit Strategy Statement and
Risk Tolerance
Coordination with Business
Specific Quantifiable Objectives Management Review
*
Company A $295,396,000 $261,201,000 124*
Peer Average
51.3 D Cash
51.3 $261,201,000 $122,002,230
+$173,393,770
Equals 295.4M/261.2M x 90(or number of days in sales period)
Monitoring/ Control Exposure Management – Aggregation – Control Periodic Account Reviews – Payments/Aging – Credit Condition Compliance with Covenants, Terms Technology/Reports – Transactions/ Bookings – Risk-adjusted Return
Credit Background
Thorough identification and accurate measurement of credit risk, supported by strong risk management can help improve the bottom line …..An uncertain and volatile economic environment significantly impacts this ability …..The desire to grow and turn in outstanding results has a tendency to put pressure on the checks and balances within businesses
Reporting
Credit Analysis
Financial analysis Credit analysis Exposure aggregation Risk rating Credit scoring Exposure measurement Management reporting
Risk Management Portfolio Management
Concentration Diversification
Sales Channels Risk Strategy Underwriting Standards Credit Application
Allowance for Bad Debts
Value Proposition
Credit plays a critical role in “selling” products and services
– Expands revenue opportunities with creditworthy, incremental customers – Utilizes innovative structures to support business relationships Effective credit risk management limits credit losses and provides stable cash flows and earnings – Marketplace rewards companies exhibiting earnings and cash flow stability with higher P/E multiples – Marketplace penalizes credit induced volatility and “surprises” Raises questions about quality of management
Credit Policies & Procedures Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance Governance, Control and Implementation
Measurement Methodologies
Analysis & Risk Management
Corporate Credit Risk
Companies are exposed to significant levels of credit risk emanating from different sources
Accounts Receivables Other Notes Receivables Buyer and Franchise Financing With Recourse Financing
Credit Risk Areas to Consider
Origination/ Assessment
Administration Credit Policy Credit Approval Authority Limit Setting Pricing Terms and Conditions Documentation: Contracts and Covenants Collateral and Security Collections, Delinquencies and Workouts
Plan
Methodology
Improve Profitability
Credit Strategy/ Plan
Common Performance Metrics
Credit Objectives and Risk Tolerances
Credit Policies
Credit Risk Management Processes
Credit Risk Management
Enhancing Your Bottom Line
The AFP 23rd Annual Conference New Orleans November 3-6, 2002
Ebrahim Shabudin Managing Director Deloitte & Touche LLP
The measures drive value creation and should support problem identification and correction.
Credit Risk Management’s Inter-related Activities
CREDIT POLICY Origination
– Note also that Critical Suppliers to the company may pose specific credit risk
DSO Impact … an example
Actual Q3 A/R Q3 Sales \ DSOs = Hypothetical DSOs Q3 Sales \ Q3 A/R =
Performance-based management utilizes metrics that measure actual performance against predetermined thresholds. The thresholds are established taking into account the organization’s strategy, operating environment and process controls.
Technology & Data Integrity
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Reassessment Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance
– Project Finance – Structured Transactions – Leases with Recourse
Derivatives Exposures
– FX, Interest Rate Risk, Commodities etc.
Collateral Risk
– Parent or Third Party Guarantees – Commercial and Standby Letters of Credit
Reporting
The business strategies and objectives drive the establishment of credit policies and procedures. Measurement and reporting as well as the use of current technologies enhance credit decision-making and improve risk management. The entire process is continually re-evaluated and improved.
Credit as a Facilitator
Credit risk management is important
– Credit is a facilitator of business growth and performance – High business margins tend to attract lower quality clients and therefore higher risk profile to manage – Clients (buyers) may be concentrated in selected industries and provide limited portfolio diversification opportunity – Poor credit risk management resulting in negative impact to bottom-line is heavily penalized by markets
Business Strategy
Systems Operations Finance
Business Performance Measures
Value Creation
Organizations need a rigorous set of measures to support continuous improvement
Analysis
Risk Mitigation
Objectives Type of Exposure
Business/ Industry Financial Credit
Credit Scoring and Ratings
Instruments or Methods
Performance Management
RISK MANAGEMENT
Disposal / Risk mitigation
Recoveries
Collections
Customer management
Portfolio management
Credit Decisions
Compliance
Transactions Collateral management
Pricing & terms
Credit limit
Collateral acceptance Contracts & Documentation
Credit Risk Management
A complete and coherent risk management framework contains the following elements
Credit Strategy & Risk Tolerance
Credit Strategy Statement and
Risk Tolerance
Coordination with Business
Specific Quantifiable Objectives Management Review
*
Company A $295,396,000 $261,201,000 124*
Peer Average
51.3 D Cash
51.3 $261,201,000 $122,002,230
+$173,393,770
Equals 295.4M/261.2M x 90(or number of days in sales period)
Monitoring/ Control Exposure Management – Aggregation – Control Periodic Account Reviews – Payments/Aging – Credit Condition Compliance with Covenants, Terms Technology/Reports – Transactions/ Bookings – Risk-adjusted Return
Credit Background
Thorough identification and accurate measurement of credit risk, supported by strong risk management can help improve the bottom line …..An uncertain and volatile economic environment significantly impacts this ability …..The desire to grow and turn in outstanding results has a tendency to put pressure on the checks and balances within businesses