10 常州公交信号优先交流
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常州市快速公交 信号优先经验交流
Changzhou Bus Rapid Transit Signal Priority
April, 2010
二〇一〇年四月
Introduction
公交优先是城市交通拥堵解决措施中最为重要的一种方法。 公交优先是城市交通拥堵解决措施中最为重要的一种方法。 公交优先技术包括实现公交车在空间和时间通行权上的优先。 公交优先技术包括实现公交车在空间和时间通行权上的优先。空间 上的优先可以通过设置公交专用道或部分锯齿型公交优先进口道来实现 时间上的优先也即信号优先,可以利用先进的通信信息技术、 ;时间上的优先也即信号优先,可以利用先进的通信信息技术、控制技 计算机技术,通过智能信号控制器, 术、计算机技术,通过智能信号控制器,应用一种公交优先的智能控制 策略来实现。 策略来实现。
采用公交信号优先需要注意的几个问题 several issues needing attention when adopting the bus signal priority
公交信号优先方法的选择 methods selection of bus signal priority 公交信号优先系统的建设construction of bus signal 公交信号优先系统的建设 priority system 公交车信号优先与路网总体交通效益的协调coordination 公交车信号优先与路网总体交通效益的协调 of bus signal priority and road network traffic efficiency 复杂路口公交专用相位的设置settings for bus phases 复杂路口公交专用相位的设置 at the complicated junctions.
交 流 内 容content
公交信号优先控制的方法 The method of bus signal priority control 常州快速公交信号优先应用 The application of BRT signal priority in Changzhou 进一步优化公交信号优先 Optimize the bus signal priority
目前,较为常见的公交信号优先的控制方法有三种: 目前,较为常见的公交信号优先的控制方法有三种:at present, there are three common controlling methods of bus signal priority: 被动优先: 被动优先:passive priority 根据历史数据,预先设定交叉口公交优先方案according to historical statistics, preset 根据历史数据,预先设定交叉口公交优先方案 the scheme of intersection bus priority. 适用于公交运行状态稳定,单位时间流量大的情况It 适用于公交运行状态稳定,单位时间流量大的情况 is suitable for the situation when the bus running is stable and large unit time traffic flow. 主动优先 proactive priority 在公交入口道埋设感应线圈,采取延长、提前、增加、减少相位的办法来适应公交车。 在公交入口道埋设感应线圈,采取延长、提前、增加、减少相位的办法来适应公交车。目 前普遍使用bury the induction coils at the entrance of buses, adjusting by extending, 前普遍使用 advance, increasing and reducing the phases. The method is currently widely used. 实时优先real-time signal 实时优先 利用GPS等装置采集信息,建立分析模型,基于实时信息优化系统内交叉口信号 等装置采集信息, 利用 等装置采集信息 建立分析模型,基于实时信息优化系统内交叉口信号collect ing information and establish analysis model by using GPS, optimizing intersection signal based on the real-time information.
优点advantage 优点
需埋设线圈, 需埋设线圈,不 能区分车辆it 能区分车辆 is required bury coils and it is 缺点disadvantage not able to 缺点 distinguish vehicles
公交信号优先系统的建设the construction of bus signal 公交信号优先系统的建设 priority system 组成要素components: : 组成要素 专用车道special lanes 专用车道 车外售票系统ticketing system outside the vehicle 车外售票系统 车辆检测系统vehicle detection system 车辆检测系统 优先请求发生器priority request generator 优先请求发生器 优先请求服务器priority request server 优先请求服务器 公交调度管理系统public transport dispatchΒιβλιοθήκη ng system 公交调度管理系统
Bus priority is one of the most important solutions to the city traffic congestion. Public transport technology includes the realization of bus priority both in space and time. The priority in space can be achieved by planning the designated bus lanes or approaches for partial zigzag types; the priority in time, i.e. signal first, can be realized by using the advanced communication and information technology, controlling technology, computing technology and the intelligence signal controller, and applying a intelligent control tactic for bus priority.
一、公交信号优先控制的方法
The method of bus signal priority control
公交信号优先的前提: 公交信号优先的前提:道路上具有公交专用道 the precondition of bus signal priority: designated public transport lane on the road
二、常州公交优先应用介绍 The application of BRT signal priority in Changzhou
公交信号优先方法的选择the selection of bus signal priority 公交信号优先方法的选择
被动优先passive priority:国内公交车运营稳定率较低,且该方法不够灵活 the domestic bus 被动优先 :国内公交车运营稳定率较低, operation is not stable and inflexible 主动优先proactive priority:实施简单,点控效果佳,不适用于线控、面控 easy, effective point 主动优先 :实施简单,点控效果佳,不适用于线控、 control. Not suitable for wire control and surface control 实时优先real-time priority:效果最优,但硬件要求高,技术复杂 optimal results, but it has 实时优先 :效果最优,但硬件要求高, high requirements for hardware. The technology is complicated. 性能performance 性能 感应线圈 induction coil 简单可靠 simple and reliable 红外线infrared 红外线 rays 简单准确 simple and precise 可视距离受环境 影响大, 影响大,不稳定 the visual distance is greatly influenced by the environment. It is unstable. GPS 直观准确 intuitive and accurate 受环境信号影响 昂贵the 大,昂贵 signal is greatly influenced by the environment and it is expensive 视频video 视频 直观准确 intuitive and accurate 受环境影响大, 受环境影响大, 昂贵it 昂贵 is influenced by greatly environment and it is expensive
1.公交专用道与检测器的设置 公交专用道与检测器的设置the setting of BRT and detector 公交专用道与检测器的设置 “误检误优先”情况的避免 avoidance of error examination 误检误优先” and erro priority: : 从处罚措施上,保证在BRT车站的进口和出口处严格禁止 从处罚措施上,保证在 车站的进口和出口处严格禁止 社会车辆占道,一旦发现给予重罚, 社会车辆占道,一旦发现给予重罚,以实现强大的威慑力 In terms of punishment, no social private vehicles are allowed to park at the entrance and exit of the BRT stations. Once the rule is broken, heavy penalties will apply to achieve strong deterrent. 从实施技术上,考虑按照一定的距离布设多组检测器,因为BRT的车长远远大于一般社会车辆,所以 的车长远远大于一般社会车辆, 从实施技术上,考虑按照一定的距离布设多组检测器,因为 的车长远远大于一般社会车辆 可以间隔15~ 米布设两组检测器,只有当两组检测器都检测到车辆时才确认有 车辆到达。 可以间隔 ~20米布设两组检测器,只有当两组检测器都检测到车辆时才确认有BRT车辆到达。社会车 米布设两组检测器 车辆到达 辆的违章占道行为一般只会是个别车辆的行为,很难同时占有两组检测线圈; 辆的违章占道行为一般只会是个别车辆的行为,很难同时占有两组检测线圈;缺点在于会造成建设成本 的增加,对于系统的通信成本可能也会增加; 的增加,对于系统的通信成本可能也会增加; In terms of technology application, multiple detectors needs to be set up at a certain distance as the BRT buses are much longer than the normal social vehicles. It is recommended to place two sets of detectors in every 15-20 meters. Only when both sets detect the vehicle, the arrival of the BRT bus is confirmed. However, it is the individual behavior to violet the regulation by parking the vehicle in a forbidden area, which is unlikely to trigger both detectors simultaneously. The disadvantages are the cost increase in construction and communications.
Changzhou Bus Rapid Transit Signal Priority
April, 2010
二〇一〇年四月
Introduction
公交优先是城市交通拥堵解决措施中最为重要的一种方法。 公交优先是城市交通拥堵解决措施中最为重要的一种方法。 公交优先技术包括实现公交车在空间和时间通行权上的优先。 公交优先技术包括实现公交车在空间和时间通行权上的优先。空间 上的优先可以通过设置公交专用道或部分锯齿型公交优先进口道来实现 时间上的优先也即信号优先,可以利用先进的通信信息技术、 ;时间上的优先也即信号优先,可以利用先进的通信信息技术、控制技 计算机技术,通过智能信号控制器, 术、计算机技术,通过智能信号控制器,应用一种公交优先的智能控制 策略来实现。 策略来实现。
采用公交信号优先需要注意的几个问题 several issues needing attention when adopting the bus signal priority
公交信号优先方法的选择 methods selection of bus signal priority 公交信号优先系统的建设construction of bus signal 公交信号优先系统的建设 priority system 公交车信号优先与路网总体交通效益的协调coordination 公交车信号优先与路网总体交通效益的协调 of bus signal priority and road network traffic efficiency 复杂路口公交专用相位的设置settings for bus phases 复杂路口公交专用相位的设置 at the complicated junctions.
交 流 内 容content
公交信号优先控制的方法 The method of bus signal priority control 常州快速公交信号优先应用 The application of BRT signal priority in Changzhou 进一步优化公交信号优先 Optimize the bus signal priority
目前,较为常见的公交信号优先的控制方法有三种: 目前,较为常见的公交信号优先的控制方法有三种:at present, there are three common controlling methods of bus signal priority: 被动优先: 被动优先:passive priority 根据历史数据,预先设定交叉口公交优先方案according to historical statistics, preset 根据历史数据,预先设定交叉口公交优先方案 the scheme of intersection bus priority. 适用于公交运行状态稳定,单位时间流量大的情况It 适用于公交运行状态稳定,单位时间流量大的情况 is suitable for the situation when the bus running is stable and large unit time traffic flow. 主动优先 proactive priority 在公交入口道埋设感应线圈,采取延长、提前、增加、减少相位的办法来适应公交车。 在公交入口道埋设感应线圈,采取延长、提前、增加、减少相位的办法来适应公交车。目 前普遍使用bury the induction coils at the entrance of buses, adjusting by extending, 前普遍使用 advance, increasing and reducing the phases. The method is currently widely used. 实时优先real-time signal 实时优先 利用GPS等装置采集信息,建立分析模型,基于实时信息优化系统内交叉口信号 等装置采集信息, 利用 等装置采集信息 建立分析模型,基于实时信息优化系统内交叉口信号collect ing information and establish analysis model by using GPS, optimizing intersection signal based on the real-time information.
优点advantage 优点
需埋设线圈, 需埋设线圈,不 能区分车辆it 能区分车辆 is required bury coils and it is 缺点disadvantage not able to 缺点 distinguish vehicles
公交信号优先系统的建设the construction of bus signal 公交信号优先系统的建设 priority system 组成要素components: : 组成要素 专用车道special lanes 专用车道 车外售票系统ticketing system outside the vehicle 车外售票系统 车辆检测系统vehicle detection system 车辆检测系统 优先请求发生器priority request generator 优先请求发生器 优先请求服务器priority request server 优先请求服务器 公交调度管理系统public transport dispatchΒιβλιοθήκη ng system 公交调度管理系统
Bus priority is one of the most important solutions to the city traffic congestion. Public transport technology includes the realization of bus priority both in space and time. The priority in space can be achieved by planning the designated bus lanes or approaches for partial zigzag types; the priority in time, i.e. signal first, can be realized by using the advanced communication and information technology, controlling technology, computing technology and the intelligence signal controller, and applying a intelligent control tactic for bus priority.
一、公交信号优先控制的方法
The method of bus signal priority control
公交信号优先的前提: 公交信号优先的前提:道路上具有公交专用道 the precondition of bus signal priority: designated public transport lane on the road
二、常州公交优先应用介绍 The application of BRT signal priority in Changzhou
公交信号优先方法的选择the selection of bus signal priority 公交信号优先方法的选择
被动优先passive priority:国内公交车运营稳定率较低,且该方法不够灵活 the domestic bus 被动优先 :国内公交车运营稳定率较低, operation is not stable and inflexible 主动优先proactive priority:实施简单,点控效果佳,不适用于线控、面控 easy, effective point 主动优先 :实施简单,点控效果佳,不适用于线控、 control. Not suitable for wire control and surface control 实时优先real-time priority:效果最优,但硬件要求高,技术复杂 optimal results, but it has 实时优先 :效果最优,但硬件要求高, high requirements for hardware. The technology is complicated. 性能performance 性能 感应线圈 induction coil 简单可靠 simple and reliable 红外线infrared 红外线 rays 简单准确 simple and precise 可视距离受环境 影响大, 影响大,不稳定 the visual distance is greatly influenced by the environment. It is unstable. GPS 直观准确 intuitive and accurate 受环境信号影响 昂贵the 大,昂贵 signal is greatly influenced by the environment and it is expensive 视频video 视频 直观准确 intuitive and accurate 受环境影响大, 受环境影响大, 昂贵it 昂贵 is influenced by greatly environment and it is expensive
1.公交专用道与检测器的设置 公交专用道与检测器的设置the setting of BRT and detector 公交专用道与检测器的设置 “误检误优先”情况的避免 avoidance of error examination 误检误优先” and erro priority: : 从处罚措施上,保证在BRT车站的进口和出口处严格禁止 从处罚措施上,保证在 车站的进口和出口处严格禁止 社会车辆占道,一旦发现给予重罚, 社会车辆占道,一旦发现给予重罚,以实现强大的威慑力 In terms of punishment, no social private vehicles are allowed to park at the entrance and exit of the BRT stations. Once the rule is broken, heavy penalties will apply to achieve strong deterrent. 从实施技术上,考虑按照一定的距离布设多组检测器,因为BRT的车长远远大于一般社会车辆,所以 的车长远远大于一般社会车辆, 从实施技术上,考虑按照一定的距离布设多组检测器,因为 的车长远远大于一般社会车辆 可以间隔15~ 米布设两组检测器,只有当两组检测器都检测到车辆时才确认有 车辆到达。 可以间隔 ~20米布设两组检测器,只有当两组检测器都检测到车辆时才确认有BRT车辆到达。社会车 米布设两组检测器 车辆到达 辆的违章占道行为一般只会是个别车辆的行为,很难同时占有两组检测线圈; 辆的违章占道行为一般只会是个别车辆的行为,很难同时占有两组检测线圈;缺点在于会造成建设成本 的增加,对于系统的通信成本可能也会增加; 的增加,对于系统的通信成本可能也会增加; In terms of technology application, multiple detectors needs to be set up at a certain distance as the BRT buses are much longer than the normal social vehicles. It is recommended to place two sets of detectors in every 15-20 meters. Only when both sets detect the vehicle, the arrival of the BRT bus is confirmed. However, it is the individual behavior to violet the regulation by parking the vehicle in a forbidden area, which is unlikely to trigger both detectors simultaneously. The disadvantages are the cost increase in construction and communications.