《麻醉的气道管理》PPT课件
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Vallecula
“pocket” formed by the base of tongue & epiglottis
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8
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
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9
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Sinuses
cavities formed by cranial bones
hyoid: horseshoe shaped bone (cartilage) hyoid supports trachea
thyroid cartilage
first tracheal cartilage - shield shaped cartilage anterior but smooth muscle posterior “Adam’s Apple” Glottic opening directly behind
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6
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Oropharynx
Teeth Tongue
Lg muscle attached at mandible and hyoid bones Most common airway obstruction
Palate
Roof of mouth Separates oro- & nasopharynx Anterior=hard palate; Posterior=soft palate
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11
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Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
12
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4
Airway Anatomy Review
Anatomy of the Upper Airway Anatomy of the Lower Airway Lung Capacities/Volumes Pediatric Airway Differences
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5
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
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2
Objectives of Airway Management & Ventilation
Primary Objective:
Ensure optimal ventilation
Deliver oxygen to the blood Eliminate carbon dioxide (C02) from the body
精选版
7
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Oropharynx
Adenoids
lymph tissue - filters bacteria commonly infected
Epiglottis
Prevents aspiration Directs air vs. other
Definitions
What is Airway Management?
How does it differ from spontaneous,
manual or assisted Ventilations?
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3
Objectives of Airway Management & Ventilation
Airway Management
EMS Professions Temple College
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1
Topics for Discussion
Airway Maintenance Objectives Airway A&P Review Causes of Respiratory Difficulty & Distress Assessing Respiratory Function Methods of Airway Management Methods of Ventilatory Management Common Out-of-Hospital Equipment Utilized Advanced Methods of Airway Mgmt & Ventilations Risks to the Paramedic
Functions: Warm, Filter, Humidify Nasopharynx
formed by union of facial bones nasal floor towards ear not eye lined with mucous membranes and cilia tissues are delicate and vascular
act as tributaries for fluid to & from eustachian tubes & tear ducts
trap bacteria, commonly infected
精选版
10
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Larynx
attached to hyoid bone
Why is this so important?
Brain death occurs rapidly; Other tissue follows EMS providers can reduce additional injury/disease EMS providers often neglect BLS airway & ventilation skills
“pocket” formed by the base of tongue & epiglottis
精选版
8
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
精选版
9
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Sinuses
cavities formed by cranial bones
hyoid: horseshoe shaped bone (cartilage) hyoid supports trachea
thyroid cartilage
first tracheal cartilage - shield shaped cartilage anterior but smooth muscle posterior “Adam’s Apple” Glottic opening directly behind
精选版
6
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Oropharynx
Teeth Tongue
Lg muscle attached at mandible and hyoid bones Most common airway obstruction
Palate
Roof of mouth Separates oro- & nasopharynx Anterior=hard palate; Posterior=soft palate
精选版
11
精选版
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
12
精选版
4
Airway Anatomy Review
Anatomy of the Upper Airway Anatomy of the Lower Airway Lung Capacities/Volumes Pediatric Airway Differences
精选版
5
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
精选版
2
Objectives of Airway Management & Ventilation
Primary Objective:
Ensure optimal ventilation
Deliver oxygen to the blood Eliminate carbon dioxide (C02) from the body
精选版
7
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Oropharynx
Adenoids
lymph tissue - filters bacteria commonly infected
Epiglottis
Prevents aspiration Directs air vs. other
Definitions
What is Airway Management?
How does it differ from spontaneous,
manual or assisted Ventilations?
精选版
3
Objectives of Airway Management & Ventilation
Airway Management
EMS Professions Temple College
精选版
1
Topics for Discussion
Airway Maintenance Objectives Airway A&P Review Causes of Respiratory Difficulty & Distress Assessing Respiratory Function Methods of Airway Management Methods of Ventilatory Management Common Out-of-Hospital Equipment Utilized Advanced Methods of Airway Mgmt & Ventilations Risks to the Paramedic
Functions: Warm, Filter, Humidify Nasopharynx
formed by union of facial bones nasal floor towards ear not eye lined with mucous membranes and cilia tissues are delicate and vascular
act as tributaries for fluid to & from eustachian tubes & tear ducts
trap bacteria, commonly infected
精选版
10
Anatomy of the Upper Airway
Larynx
attached to hyoid bone
Why is this so important?
Brain death occurs rapidly; Other tissue follows EMS providers can reduce additional injury/disease EMS providers often neglect BLS airway & ventilation skills