新概念英语第二册第40课课件剖析讲解

虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
• 虚拟语气只用于非真实条 件句中，表达假设的或实 现可能性不大的情况，通 常表达的只是一种愿望、 假设、怀疑或是推测。
与现在 事实相 反的假 设
一、虚拟语气在条件句中
条件从句
主句
If+主语+动词的过去式 （动词be用were)
主语+should/would/ Might/could＋动词 原形
5. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Take a seat和take one’s seat都表示“让某人坐下”，这种用 法要比sit down更加正式。 by/beside是贴近的旁边；而near是有一段距离的附近。所以，句 子中的beside可以用by互换
原形
eg:If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. More practice: 如果我是你，我就会努力学习．
同时，I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner.也是我 们上节课所讲到的“间接引语”的语法。
7. ‘Young man,’ she answered, ‘if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!’
ask sb. to do sth.
They sang songs by the campfire. 他们围着篝火在唱歌.
2.Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.
• be busy with sth 忙于某事 • be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
1.The hostess asked me to sit next
to Mrs. Rumbold.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
“在附近”： next to, beside, by, close to, near, nearby等. The man next to me was drunk too much. 坐在我旁边的那个男人喝太多
4. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black
dress. unsmiling的反义词是smiling（微笑的，喜气洋洋的）。有些形容 词前面可以加上前缀un－l来表示相反的意思，比如： comfortable－uncomfortable；true－untrue；interesting－ uninteresting等等。
6. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 这里in despair是副词，表示“失望之中”。比如： I spent hours trying to fix the TV, but gave up in despair.我花 了几个小时修电视机，但是失望地放弃了。
He is busy washing clothes.
My brother is busy with his homework.
3.“A new play is coming to ‘ The Globe’ soon,” I said. “Will you be seeing it?”
(1) 用现在进行时来表示接近的未来，“即将 会用”将。来进行时来提问，尤其是提出问题但又不
与过去 相反的 假设
If+主语+had +过去分词
主语＋should/
would/ might/ could ＋have done
与将来 相反的 假设
1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形
主语＋should, would might, could＋动词
Lesson 40
Food and talk
4.fix v.凝视；盯着 fix at =stare at=gaze at The kid is fixing at his new toy. vt.固定，安装 She fixed a handle on the door. vt.修理 I am able to fix the computer.
If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了． If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛．
课文的最后一句涉及到这课我们要讲的一个重点语法：非真实条件 句。If所引导的条件句使用的是eat和talk的过去时ate和talked， 表示所假设的事情是与现在的已知事实相反。（实际上作者是吃的 少，说的多。）而后面的主句也同样使用过去时态，表示一种虚拟 语气。
语气
英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气： 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同 的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助 句法形式）来表示。
想迫使对方做出明确答复时，将来进行时可以 显得比一般将来时will更委婉客气。
3. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit
next to Mrs. Rumbold. 介词at通常用于小型集体活动之前，比较大型的活动会用介词in。 at a meeting（在会议上）；at a concert（在音乐会上）；at a wedding（在婚礼上）等等。
If it should \were to rain tomorrow, we would call off the match.