园林植物昆虫学习题

习题与作业

（部分是英语）

1. What is an insect?

2. What is the insect diversity?

3. When you collected insects samples, how to preserve these specimens?

4. Why did the blood of insects call hemolymph?

5. Based on different management and control tactics, how to manage insect pests?

6. What are the pest management procedures?

7. What is life cycle of European corn borer?

8. Why European corn borer is one of the most serious corn pests in the

United States?

9. What are symptoms of injury caused by European corn borer?

10. Where does European corn borer distribute in USA?

11. European corn borer is one of the most serious corn pests, how to

control corn pests?

12. What is life cycle of corn earworm?

13. Corn earworm and boll weevil are two key pests of cotton in the United

States, why?

14. What are symptoms of injury caused by boll weevil?

15. Where does corn earworm distribute in USA?

16. Could you make proposals to control cotton pests?

17. There are approximately one million species of insects on the earth,

and many of them live on the plant, why are there only a small number of these species that we called pest insects?

18. What is the difference between biological control and natural control?

19. What are the advantages and disadvantages of biological control?

20. Why is introduction likely to be less successful with native pest than

with exotic (introduced) pest?

21. What are some problems with using augment as a management tactic?

绪论：

1.昆虫纲的分类地位

2.昆虫纲成虫的特征

3.昆虫纲的特点

4.昆虫与人类的关系

•5.学习的目的(内容与任务)

生物学部分：

•1.两性生殖sexual reproduction

•2.孤雌生殖parthenogenesis

•3.幼体生殖paedogenesis

•4.多胚生殖polyembryony

•5.变态metamorphosis

•6.龄期stadium or instar

•7.羽化emergence

•8.补充营养supply nourishment

•9.多型现象polymorphism

•10.世代,世代重叠generation overlapping

•11.休眠dormancy,滞育diapause

•12.日出性diurnal insect和夜出性昆虫nocturnal insect

•13.趋性taxis,迁飞flying,假死性feign death?

•14.变态类型,卵的类型,足的类型,蛹的类型?

•15.根据刺激源可将趋性分为什么?

•16. .螨类与昆虫的区别?

昆虫形态结构和内部生理系统部分

1.触角的类型与功能

2.口器类型与功能

3.昆虫的头式

4.足的类型

5.翅的构造和类型

6.昆虫体壁的作用?什么是色素色,结构色和结合色?

7.消化系统的主要结构与功能

8.排泄系统的主要结构与功能

9.循环系统的特点,血液的组成.

10.呼吸系统的功能和组成?

11.神经系统的功能和组成?

12.信息素,性信息素?

13.生殖系统包括哪两部分?

分类学部分：

昆虫常见10个目的主要特征

昆虫的目名和特征

•鞘翅目（甲虫）: 前翅为鞘翅；后翅膜质

•鳞翅目（蝶，蛾）:体和翅被有鳞片。口器虹吸式

•膜翅目（蜂，蚁）:膜翅；多数具并胸腹节

•双翅目（蝇，蚊等:前翅膜质,后翅退化为平衡棒

•同翅目（蝉等）:前翅质地均匀，膜质或革质，休息时常呈屋脊状•半翅目（椿象 ,蝽):口器刺吸式;前翅半鞘翅;常有臭腺

•直翅目（蝗虫等）:前翅为覆翅，后翅膜质，翅脉平直

•竹节虫目（竹节虫等）:拟态如植物的枝条或叶片

•等翅目（白蚁）:前后翅膜质，大小、形状及脉相都相似

•蜻蜓目（蜻蜓、豆娘）:膜翅，有翅痣和翅切

昆虫环境与生态学部分：

1.What’s the population（种群）?

2.What’s sex ratio（性比）?

3. What’s age composition（年龄组配）?

4.What’s the biocoenosis or community（生物群落）?

5. What’s the species diversity（种类多样性）?

6. What’s the dominant species（优势种）?

7. What’s the rare species （稀有种）?

8. What’s the ecosystem（生态系统）?

9. 什么是环境,昆虫生态学,食性,植物抗虫性,

10. 什么是有效积温,群落,生态系?

11.有效积温法则的应用?

12.环境因子包括哪些?

13.植物抗虫性表现哪3个方面?

14.食性分类?天敌因子包括哪些?

15.园林生态系的特点,园林害虫特点?

16. 园林昆虫调查和取样的方法有哪些？

17.害虫预测预报的类别有哪些？

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