动词的时和体(一)

3. 表现时状态和现在瞬间动作，只适用于 表现时状态和现在瞬间动作， 静态动词或表示短暂动作的动态动词 动态动词: 动态动词 表运动状态的动词 jump, hit, open, close （表短暂动作） 表短暂动作） 静态动词： 静态动词：表相对静止状态的动词 如be 动词， 动词，表感觉的动词 feel, 表心理状态的 动词think( 表示的意义具有持续性 表示的意义具有持续性) 动词
suggest 19. I _________ (suggest) you phone me tomorrow. 20. Two and three ____________ (make) five. make / makes 21. I hope she ______________ (not dislike) the doesn’t dislike flowers. had 22. If only I _____ (have) more money, I could buy some new clothes. get 23. I bet I _____ (get) there before you. came 24. Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you _______ (come) next weekend.
25. A: I haven’t got a table cloth. B: Suppose we use(d) (use) a sheet? _______ 26. A: Daddy, can I watch TV? B: Suppose you __________ (do) your do / did homework first? rained 27. If it _________ (rain), the match would be cancelled. 28. I gather (gather) Peter’s looking for a job. _______ stepped 29. Mr Smith _______ (step) into his office, sat _____ began (sit) down and ________ (begin) to fill in the forms.
2. 表现在时间和将来时间 1）I wondered if you could help me. ） ( want, wonder, think, hope) 表现在时间，相当于 表现在时间，相当于I wonder…, 区别在前者表婉转语气。 区别在前者表婉转语气。 婉转语气
2）表与现在事实相反的主观设想或对将来的 ） 主观设想， 主观设想，不能换为一般现在时 We are really tired. It’s time we had a rest. If I had money, I’ d buy a big house. I’d rather you went now. ( wish)
6. I feel as if my head ______ (be) on fire. was 7. Isn’t it about time you _________ (set to) and set to _____ (do) some work？ ？ did 8. It’s high time we _____ (have) a rest. had knew 9. He acts as if he _______ (know) English perfectly. knew 10. I wish I ______ (know) his name. 11. I’d rather you ______ (live) closer to us. lived 12. I __________ (wonder) if you were free this wondered evening.
4. 其他用法 1) 表刚刚过去的动作，只适用于口语 表刚刚过去的动作， You know I am telling the truth. …what I am talking about. 2）表婉转口气 ） I am hoping/ wondering you will help me.
Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present Or the present progressive: 1. My sister ____________ (live) at home for the is living moment. live 2. You _______ (live) in North London, don’t you? is standing 3. Why ___ that girl ________ (stand) on the table? 4. Chetford Castle ________ (stand) on a hill just stands outside the town.
13. I hope you _______________ (sleep) well. sleep / will sleep 14. I _____ (say) you are wrong. say 15. John ______ (tell) me that there was a car tells accident last night. 16. I _____ (hear) old Mrs Smith has lost her cat. hear 17. I ________ (want) to ask if I could borrow wanted your ladder. says 18. The ten o’clock news ______ (say) it’s going to be cold tomorrow.
I. Uses of Simple Present 1. 表不受时限的客观存在，包括客观真理、 表不受时限的客观存在，包括客观真理、 格言事实等 2. 表现在习惯动作，现在习惯性经常性发生 表现在习惯动作， 的动作，常与频度副词连用( always, 的动作，常与频度副词连用 hardly ever= almost never) 我们常10点钟上床睡觉 我们常 点钟上床睡觉. 点钟上床睡觉 We are usually in bed by 10.
is 30. At rise, the stage ____ (be) dark. It ____ (be) is two-thirty in the morning and a hot, midsummer’s day has just begun. It _____ (be) silent … MEL is EDISON, in pajamas, robe and slippers _____ (sit) sits alone on the tiny sofa, smoking a cigarette. He rubs coughs ______ (rub) his face anxiously, then ________ (cough) …
II Uses of Simple Past 1. 表过去时间 We had a meeting yesterday afternoon. 一般过去时表示的时间与现在不发生关系， 一般过去时表示的时间与现在不发生关系， 已成为过去/不复存在，比较： 已成为过去/不复存在，比较： 不复存在 I studied in Canada for 7 years. ( 现已不在加拿大 现已不在加拿大) I have studied in Canada for 7 years. （可能在加拿大也可能在别地） 可能在加拿大也可能在别地）
Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the simple past: 1. I’ll make sure that everything _____ (be) in order. is 2. I hope (that) I ______________ (see) you there. see / will see 3. See that you ______ (be) ready at 8 o’clock. are 4. I’m getting tired --- it’s time we _______ (go) went home. 5. I’d rather you _______ (buy) a car. bought
4. 表将来时间 （三种句型） 三种句型） 1）I hope/ I bet + that 分句中 可用一般现在时表 ） 分句中, 将来 I hope he likes my gift. (will like) I bet it rains tomorrow. (will rain) 2） 2）see ( to it)/ make sure/ make certain + that 分句中 I’ ll see that nobody disturbs you ( will disturb). 3）if/ when 引导的条件分句或时间分句中 ） 注：1）和2）中的分句可换成将来时，3）不能 ） ）中的分句可换成将来时， ）
5. 表过去时间 I hear you have got a part-time job. = I heard you got/ had got a part-time job. 能用一般现在时表示过去时间的动词: 能用一般现在时表示过去时间的动词 tell, 百度文库ay, hear, learn, gather（了解，推 （了解， 得知） 测，得知） 等 或称作： 或称作：历史性现在时 (Historic Present)
3. 表按计划近期内即将发生的动作 I am leaving China in a few weeks. 注：用现在进行体表将来，句中要有表将来的 用现在进行体表将来， 时间状语（上下文），否则歧义，例如： 时间状语（上下文），否则歧义，例如： ），否则歧义 Are you doing anything special tonight? (表示将来 表示将来) 表示将来 Are you doing anything special now? (表示说话时正在进行的动作 表示说话时正在进行的动作) 表示说话时正在进行的动作
Key Points: 1. Uses of simple present; 2. Uses of simple past; 3. Uses of present progressive; 4. Uses of past progressive.
Brief Introduction
英语动词有两种时（一般现在时， 英语动词有两种时（一般现在时，一般过 去时），六种体（现在进行体， ），六种体 去时），六种体（现在进行体，过去进行 现在完成体，过去完成体， 体，现在完成体，过去完成体，现在完成 进行体，过去完成进行体），两种态（ ），两种态 进行体，过去完成进行体），两种态（主 动态，被动态），三种式（陈述式， ），三种式 动态，被动态），三种式（陈述式，祈使 虚拟式） 式，虚拟式）
III Uses of Present Progressive 1. 表正在进行的动作 We are learning English grammar. 2. 表现阶段一直在进行的动作 ( 一种暂时性，不是长期性 一种暂时性，不是长期性) 与频度副词 always等连用时表示感情色彩 比较 等连用时表示感情色彩,比较 等连用时表示感情色彩 比较: You are always complaining about your work. (感情色彩 感情色彩) 感情色彩 You always complain about your work. (说明事实 说明事实) 说明事实