瓣膜置换同期应用国产瓣环行三尖瓣成形术的疗效
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瓣膜置换同期应用国产瓣环行三尖瓣成形术的疗效
目的探討国产佰仁思三尖瓣成形环植入术的临床价值。方法选取2014年7月~2017年2月我院和广东省高州市人民医院收治的三尖瓣成形术患者84例,依据手术方法划分为实验组和对照组,各42例。实验组采取瓣膜成形术方案,对照组采取De Vega成形术方案。比较两组患者的术后心功能分级评估结果及心脏超声检测状况。结果两组患者术后心功能分级情况明显优于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者术后1周的超声参数均显著优于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组患者术后远期的超声参数显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者术后随访半年无一例出现三尖瓣重度反流发生,而对照组出现5例三尖瓣重度反流,其中1例患者死亡,实验组和对照组三尖瓣重度反流的发生率分别为0%、11.9%,实验组的术后并发症率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论国产佰仁思三尖瓣成形环植入术治疗三尖瓣关闭不全的临床效果确切,其临床效果和De Vega成形术基本一致,但能够有效降低三尖瓣重度反流发生率,提高手术安全性,改善患者术后生活质量。
[Abstract]Objective To investigate the clinical value of domestic Bairensi tricuspid valve ring implantationoperation.Methods From July 2014 to February 2017,84 patients undergone tricuspid valvuloplasty (TVP)in our hospital and Gaozhou People′s Hospital of Guan gdong Province were selected.According to the surgical methods,they were divided into the experimental group (n=42)and control group (n=42).In the experimental group,the valvuloplasty protocol was used,while in the control group,De Vega plasty was adopted.The results of postoperative cardiac function grading and cardiac uhrasonography were compared in patients between the two groups.Results The postoperative cardiac function grading of the two groups were significantly better than those before operation with statistical differences (P<0.05).The ultrasound parameters one week after surgery in the two groups were all superior to those before surgery with statistical significance (P<0.05).The long-term ultrasound parameters were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group,which displayed statistical significance (P<0.05).After half a year follow up visits,on severe tricuspid regurgitation occurred in the experimental group,while in the control group,5 cases occurred,and even 1 dead among them.The incidence of severe tricuspid regurgitation in the experimental group and control group was 0% and 11.9% respectively among them.The incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of tricuspid incompetence,domestic Bairensi tricuspid valve ring implantation has a definite effect,which is basically the same as that of De Vega plasty.It can effectively reduce the incidence of severe tricuspid regurgitation and improve the operation safety,and ameliorate the postoperative quality of life of patients.[Key words]Bairensi;Domestic valvoplasty soft ring;Tricuspid valvuloplasty;Tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣关闭不全多继发于获得性心脏瓣膜病或先天性心脏病,最终导致三尖
瓣环扩大、瓣叶对合不良而产生关闭不全[1]。严重的三尖瓣关闭不全被证明是心功能不全、心源性猝死等的独立危险因素[2]。三尖瓣人造瓣环植入成形术是将人工瓣环缝合于三尖瓣环上,限制了瓣环的扩大,使瓣环的生理形态得以维持,有利于患者术后早期心功能的恢复[3]。处理三尖瓣关闭不全的手术方法常采用瓣环成形术,术式主要包括人工瓣环成形术、De Vega 成形术等,其中国产佰仁思三尖瓣成形环植入术治疗三尖瓣关闭不全,植入技术简单易行,术中即时注水实验评估,术后超声评价效果确切,可重复性好,费用低廉,在临床中具有一定优势[4-5]。本研究选取我院和广东省高州市人民医院收治的三尖瓣成形术患者84例,分析国产佰仁思三尖瓣成形环植入术的临床效果,取得较满意的效果,具体内容报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
本研究选取2014年7月~2017年2月我院和广东省高州市人民医院收治的三尖瓣成形术患者84例,并依据手术方法划分为实验组和对照组,各42例。本研究通过我院和广东省高州市人民医院医学伦理会批准。入组患者诊断标准:①伴有先天性心脏病、风心病二狭病史;②患者伴有腹胀、疲乏、水肿、心房纤颤等症状;③查胸部X片提示右心房、右心室肥大,伴有瓣膜病变;④查心电图提示心房肥大,部分伴有右束支传导阻滞;⑤查心脏血管造影提示三尖瓣返流存在。实验组中,男27例,女15例;年龄21~68岁,平均(48.6±1.4)岁;合并房颤者24例,合并左心房血栓者8例。对照组中,男25例,女17例;年龄22~69岁,平均(48.5±1.5)岁;合并房颤者22例,合并左心房血栓者7例。两组患者在性别、年龄、疾病严重程度、基础健康状况等一般资料方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 方法
实验组采取瓣膜成形术方案,首先患者选择全身麻醉方法,取胸骨正中作1个切口,手术在常规体外循环进行,对患者左心病变进行处理或纠正其他先天畸形,探查三尖瓣病变,根据瓣环测量器确定人工瓣环的使用型号,瓣膜成形软环选择国产佰仁思C形软环;取6×14涤纶线带垫片双头针在三尖瓣环上间断褥式缝合固定人工瓣环,术中注水实验实时评价手术效果。术中注水实验实时评估三尖瓣成形效果。对照组采取De Vega成形术方案,选择PORLENE线带垫片,自瓣膜交界处进行,形成两行平行线,缝合到后隔线交界处,应用加垫片进行拉紧打结,成形后保证三尖瓣口能够容纳2指,手术完毕。
1.3检测指标
分析兩组患者的术后心功能分级评估结果及心脏超声检测状况。心功能等级评估依据美国纽约心脏病学会采用的分级方案进行[6],并参考两组患者的心脏超声结果。