英美文学考试题型及大致范围

一、根据作品写作家。（20%）要求：必须写作家全名且不

能写错，如Charles Dickens。

二、单选题。（20%）全部在英国文学选择题和美国文学选

择题上。

三、名词解释（20%）transcendentalism,超越论，先验论

naturalism,自然主义，本能行动，自然论romanticism,浪漫主义，浪漫精神sonnet,十四行诗，商籁诗renaissance, 文艺复兴the Byronic Hero,拜伦式英雄lyrical ballad,抒情歌谣the lost generation,迷惘的一代beat generation,垮了的一代local color,乡土特色，地域色彩critical realism批判现实主义，批判实在论

四、诗歌评论与翻译（20%）The Road Not Taken

五、小说评论（20%）Tess of the D’urbervilles.

Two days ago, I have read Tess of the d’Urbervilles. Tess is so miserable. She is really a tragic figure in the book TESS of the d’Urberwilles.

She was seduced by a so-called gentleman—Alec. And from then on her life totally changed. People looked down on her and respected her no more. Actually she did nothing wrong because before she was seduced she knew nothing of men. She was just

a girl when she first met that terrible man. She was forced by the

gossips and the church to blame herself for this accident. In order to get rid of the past she decided to go to a distant dairy farm. Maybe God didn’t agree with t hat, because Angel Chare came into her life. Angel is the man Tess loved with her whole heart and life. After their wedding, Tess told everything to Angel, hoping he would forgive her as he was forgiven .But she was wrong. She was not forgiven. Angel left her.

Tragedy didn’t stop. Alec found her again. Tess was deceived

again. She lost Angel for the second time!

She forgot the difference between right and wrong. The only thing in her mind is her love to Angel. She lost control! She killed Alec!

I was so sad to read the tragic ending. I wanted to ask why the ending is that.

Tess’s whole character was honest and faithful. She was always hurt by those people who said they love her. She was so unsophisticated that she trusted everyone else.

She loved Angel very much. And she trusted Angel. So she was on her mettle to tell her husband her past. Why didn’t she get Angel’s forgive?

It’s unfair. Men are always easy to get forgive. Women are always easy to be hurt.

In old China there was a culture, which didn’t think of women as human beings. If you asked one if he was the oldest in his family, he would probably answer “yes” even if he had some elder sisters. If you asked why then he would say, “Ha, they are not included!” People gave birth to many girls in order to ha ve only one boy to keep the family name going. They thought girls had no use for the family.

Nowadays women’s situations have become much better. Some are because of the change of society and some are because of civilization.

Just let those poor painful women like TESS be just a memory. 《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代著称于世的“威塞克斯系列”中的一部力作。小说描述了一位纯洁姑娘的不幸命运。主人公苔丝是一位美丽的农家少女，因受东家少爷诱迫而失身怀孕。从此，这一耻辱的事实剥夺了她接受真正爱情的权利，致使新婚之夜遭丈夫遗弃。后来，万般无奈之中，她重回了少爷的怀抱，不料，就在这时她那有名无实的丈夫拖着病驱千里归来，苦苦寻觅。苔丝为了自己真正的爱，毅然杀死同居的少爷，在与丈夫短暂欢聚后，走上了绞刑台。

Tess is a beautiful, innocent peasant girl. The poverty of the family forces her to claim kinship with the sham but rich D'Urberivilles. Alec, the young master of the D'Urbervilles, a dandy, seduces Tess and impregnates her. Tess, finally kills him and she flees with Angle but is caught by the police and