[推荐学习]上海市虹口区2018届高三生命科学上学期期末教学质量监控试题

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英语-上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控

上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控英语试题第I 卷(共100分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 2:02. B. 2:20. C. 2:50. D. 2:32.2. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.3. A. At a hairdresser’s. B. At the dentist’s.C. At a fashion show.D. At the tailor’s.4. A. The man lost his way. B. The man was locked in the room.C. He couldn’t open the door.D. He didn’t want to enter the room.5. A. She is working at a newspaper.B. She used to change her job quite often.C. She often has lunch with her supervisor.D. She wants her supervisor’s comments on her work.6. A. The man’s glasses are up to date.B. The man should wear his glasses in class.C. The man should have changed his glasses.D. The man shouldn’t sit at the back of the classroom.7. A. Take the bus with him. B. Drive him home from the station.C. Call him this evening.D. Drive him to the station.8. A. Where he is studying. B. What subject he is studying.C. How long he has been abroad.D. When he is returning.9. A. She wants to buy a new computer. B. She wants to know more about computers.C. She is unwilling to listen to the man.D. She believes what the man is talking about.10. A. Because she hasn’t shown up. B. Because she drives too slowly.C. Because she is very rude to him.D. Because she is always in a rush.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A laboratory assistant. B. A doctor.C. A teacher of a laboratory.D. A professor in the hospital.12. A. He will be punished severely.B. He will be dropped from the class.C. He can make up the classes.D. He will be allowed to remain if he has a good excuse.13. A. It should be cut.B. It must be fastened tightly back.C. It should be reported as an accident.D. The long hair wearer will be asked to leave the class.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the 1870s. B. In 1926. C. By 1940. D. By 1817.15. A. He wanted to cut back production costs.B. He wanted the working people to earn more money.C. He thought the Americans’ life should be organized in a better way.D. He thought the five-day workweek was good for the economy.16.A. People drink a lot of alcohol.B. Night movies sell more tickets.C. TV shows more films of murder and love.D. People do things with emotion and purpose at night.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. The design of the courses. B. The choice of the courses.C. The registration of the courses.D. The evaluation of the courses.18.A. Mathematics. B. Modern History.C. Chemistry.D. International Trade.19. A. Go directly to the classes. B. Ask other students for help.C. Speak to Professor Anderson.D. Go to the registration office first.20. A. To register at least one selective course every term.B. To register for at least one course each year.C. To register for the courses before the deadline.D. To choose no more than two courses every term.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to deal with Whiners（抱怨不停的人）?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they (21) ______ (treat) unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious(会蔓延的) , (22) ______ attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, (23) ______ are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ming, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It is especially hard to deal with complaints at work (24) ______ you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression (25) ______ you agree with them. “Listen to the whinersactively,” said HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see (26) ______ there are ways to improve the situation.”Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from (27) ______ (extend) working hours to cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when (28) ______ (t ell) someone how they want things to be.”But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about t he specifics and work together with them (29) ______ (fix) everything technically.” he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “(30) ______ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. defenseB. avoidC. believingD. mistakeE. requiredF. criticalG. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similarWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our 31 , by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid 32 problems in the future.Making ethical （伦理的）decisions is a(n) 33 part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To34 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism(剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail toquote and cite sources as 35 . But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a 36 .Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the r isks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not 37 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and 38 excuses. If we fool ourselves into 39 we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making—and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or 40 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions,that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Migrant workersIn the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have 41 most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the 42 in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to 43 outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.In view of the 44 living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a 45 attraction. An allied(联合的) benefit is the low 46 or a complete lack of it. This 47 the amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating(补偿的) advantage. 48 , the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each otherfor safety and comfort. 49 , many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems butthis merely presents greater 50 to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do 51 work in their home country.One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are52 ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be 53 since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workersas permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this 54 , along with others, because of the 55 financial benefits which they receive.41. A. presented B. devoted C. adapted D. restricted42. A. style B. evidence C. case D. hint43. A. call in B. bring up C. turn down D. help out44. A. excellent B. difficult C. fair D. stable45. A. casual B. familiar C. major D. final46. A. consumption B. pressure C. competition D. taxation47. A. occupies B. increases C. blocks D. protects48. A. For example B. In particular C. By comparison D. In other words49. A. Therefore B. Likewise C. Consequently D. However50. A. agreement B. outcome C. prediction D. challenge51. A. skillful B. vivid C. routine D. potential52. A. temporary B. ordinary C. voluntary D. revolutionary53. A. claimed B. criticized C. considered D. expected54. A. sacrifice B. reminder C. disadvantage D. appreciation55. A. limited B. considerable C. reasonable D. potentialSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Forty-t hree years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “giant leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is a man whose name will be remembered for generations to come.But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time, Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partners had only a 50 percent chance of a successful landing back in 1969.It was tough indeed. When the module (登月舱) was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle (轻声笑), saying: “It was never a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his ac hievement. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger (记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”Armstrong passed away last month at the a ge of 82, but he will be remembered. “The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink (眨眼示意),” his family said to Reuters.56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________.A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work wellB. believed the module would land safely on the moonC. had prepared himself to face possible failureD. planned to land the module on the moon by himself57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon?A. He was angry.B. He was troubled by it.C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong.D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.58.By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work”, Armstrong meant that __________.A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognizedB. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successesC. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less importantD. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong?A. He was ambitious.B. He tried to avoid the spotlight.C. He balanced his life and work well.D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.(B)You may read the questions first.Indian Heroes and Great ChieftainsThe book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it.Name: Sitting BullBirth: 1831Death: 12-15-1890He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a 1997 documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as a holy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Sioux and Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a European tour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations from being separated again. He led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.Name: Crazy HorseBirth: 1842Death: 9-5-1877Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior（勇士）and a gentle leader as well as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux, celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve Native American traditions and way of life. Resisting efforts to force the Sioux on to reservations, he fought alongside Sitting Bull and others in the American-Indian Wars. Charles Eastman described him in his book Indian Heroes as “a man of deeds and not of words”.Name: Red CloudBirth: 1822Death: 12-10-1909He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills. In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the Black Hills didn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these a reas couldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According to Eastman’s book Indian Heroes, he was said to havefought against the treaty, forcing the government to give in and pull outof the area.Name: Lozen QuanahBirth: late 1840sDeath: 1890Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself tothe people. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.60. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse?A. He was friendly to his soldier.B. He showed great courage.C. He was a great talker.D. He was respected.61. From the passage we can infer that __________.A. Sitting Bull disliked travelingB. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian historyC. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrowsD. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses62. The main purpose of the passage is to __________.A. show Indians’ lives to readersB. describe great Indian heroes and heroinesC. show the history of the IndiansD. comment on a history book(C)Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchanges[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYME X opened an open-outcry pit (公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds(对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading formB. partners that benefit each other in their business activitiesC. rivals that are competing in the oil trading marketD. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.A. backwardnessB. disappointmentsC. engineersD. problems65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is fallingB. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than DublinC. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of IrelandD. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businessesB. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shownC. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each otherD. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting betterSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements.B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.C. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work.D. Individual differences are most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work.E. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice.F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to havev olunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. 67 For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences,and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people maynot wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory(义务的) volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”). When that happe ns, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. 68 Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteersover time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. 69 The researchers note that attention shouldbe given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or providethem with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences inthe degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. 70 Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statementssuch as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive relationship between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to definite advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Wilderness TherapyWhen most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they p icture traditional talk therapy –someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program.While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.（请将答案写在答题纸上）第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 熬夜大大影响健康。

虹口区2018学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试高三数学试卷及答案

（第11题图）虹口区2018学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试高三数学试卷及答案 2018年12月考生注意：1.本试卷共4页，21道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟.2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸. 作答必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分.一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共12题，第1-6题，每空填对得4分;第7-12题，每空填对得5分. 请直接将结果填写在答题纸相应题号的空格内.1.计算153lim ________.54n nnnn +→+∞-=+ 2. 不等式21xx >-的解集为_________. 3．设全集{}{}3,2,1,0,1,2log (1),U R A B x y x ==--==-若，则()UA B =ð_______．4. 设常数,a R ∈若函数()()3log f x x a =+的反函数的图像经过点()2,1，则a =_______.5. 若一个球的表面积为4,π 则它的体积为________.6. 函数8()f x x x=+[)(2,8)x ∈的值域为________. 7．二项式62x ⎫⎪⎭的展开式的常数项为________．8. 双曲线22143x y -=的焦点到其渐近线的距离为_________.9. 若复数z =sin 1cos i iθθ-（i 为虚数单位），则z 的模的最大值为_________. 10.已知7个实数1,2,4,,,,a b c d -依次构成等比数列，若从这7个数中任取2个，则它们的和为正数的概率为__________.11.如图，已知半圆O 的直径4,AB = OAC ∆是等边三角形，若点P 是边AC （包含端点,A C ）上的动点，点Q 在弧BC 上，且满足,OQ OP ⊥ 则OP BQ ⋅uur uu u r的最小值为__________.12.若直线y k x =与曲线2log (2)21x y x +=--恰有两个公共点，则实数k 的取值范围为________.（第17题图）二、选择题（本大题共4题，满分20分）每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应题号上，将所选答案的代号涂黑，选对得 5分，否则一律零分. 13.已知,x R ∈则“1233x -<”是“1x <”的（）（A ）充分非必要条件（B ）必要非充分条件（C ）充要条件（D ）既非充分又非必要条件14．关于三个不同平面,,αβγ与直线l ，下列命题中的假命题是 ( ) （A ）若,αβ⊥则α内一定存在直线平行于β（B ）若αβ与不垂直，则α内一定不存在直线垂直于β （C ）若,,l αγβγαβ⊥⊥⋂=，则l γ⊥ （D ）若,αβ⊥则α内所有直线垂直于β15．已知函数21,1,()1,(),11,1,1,x f x a x x g x x x x -≤-⎧⎪=-+=-<<⎨⎪≥⎩若函数()()y f x g x =-恰有两个零点，则实数a 的取值范围为（）（A ）(0,)+∞ （B ）(,0)(0,1)-∞⋃ （C ）1(,)(1,)2-∞-⋃+∞ （D ）(,0)(0,2)-∞⋃16．已知点E 是抛物线2:2(0)C y p x p =>的对称轴与准线的交点，点F 为抛物线C 的焦点，点P 在抛物线C 上.在EFP ∆中，若sin sin EFP FEP μ∠=⋅∠，则μ的最大值为（）（A（B（C（D 三、解答题（本大题共5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.17．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分. 在如图所示的圆锥中，底面直径与母线长均为4，点C 是底面直径AB 所对弧的中点，点D 是母线PA 的中点.（1）求该圆锥的侧面积与体积；（2）求异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的大小.（第19题图）18．（本题满分14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分．已知函数16()1(0,1)x f x a a a a+=->≠+是定义在R 上的奇函数. (1)求实数a 的值及函数()f x 的值域；(2)若不等式 ()[]331,2x t f x x ⋅≥-∈在上恒成立，求实数t 的取值范围.19．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，每小题7分.某城市的棚户区改造建筑用地平面示意图如图所示，经过调研、规划确定，棚改规划用地区域近似为圆面，该圆的内接四边形ABCD 区域是原棚户区建筑用地，测量可知边界2()3(),1().AB AD k m BC k m CD k m ====，(1) 求AC 的长及原棚户区建筑用地ABCD 的面积；（2）因地理条件限制，边界,AD DC 不能变更，而边界,AB BC 可以调整，为了增加棚户区建筑用地的面积，请在弧 ABC 上设计一点,P 使得棚户区改造后的新建筑用地（四边形APCD ）的面积最大，并求出这个面积最大值.20．（本题满分16分）本题共3小题，第1小题5分，第2小题5分，第3小题6分. 设椭圆22:1,2x y Γ+=点F 为其右焦点，过点F 的直线与椭圆Γ相交于点,.P Q (1) 当点P 在椭圆Γ上运动时，求线段FP 的中点M 的轨迹方程；(2) 如图1，点R 的坐标为（2，0），若点S 是点P 关于x 轴的对称点，求证：点,,Q S R 共线；(3) 如图2，点T 是直线:2l x =上的任意一点，设直线,,PT FT QT 的斜率分别为,PT k,,FT QT k k 求证：,,PT FT QT k k k 成等差数列；（第20题图1）（第20题图2）（第17题图）21.(本题满分18分) 本题共3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题8分. 对于()n n N *∈个实数构成的集合{}12,,,n E e e e =,记12E n S e e e =+++.已知由n 个正整数构成的集合{}12,,,n A a a a =12(,3)n a a a n <<<≥满足:对于任意不大于A S 的正整数,m 均存在集合A 的一个子集，使得该子集的所有元素之和等于.m （1）试求12,a a 的值；（2）求证：“12,,,n a a a 成等差数列”的充要条件是“1(1)2A S n n =+”；（3）若2018A S =，求证：n 的最小值为11；并求n 取最小值时，n a 的最大值.虹口区2018学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三数学参考答案和评分标准 2018年12月一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共12题，第1-6题，每空填对得4分;第7-12题，每空填对得5分. 请直接将结果填写在答题纸相应题号的空格内. 1．5 2．()1,2 3.{}1,2 4．8 5．43π6. )9⎡⎣ 7. 60 8 10．47 11．2 12.(]{},01-∞⋃二、选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，满分20分）13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 三、解答题（本大题共5题，满分76分）17．(本题满分14分) 本题共2个小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分.解：（1）由已知，得圆锥的底面半径为2OA =，高为OP = …… 2分故该圆锥的侧面积为248S OA PA πππ=⋅⋅=⨯⨯=. …… 4分该圆锥的体积21()3V OA OP π=⋅⋅⋅=. …… 6分（2）以直线,,OC OB OP 分别为,,x y z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系，则相关点的坐标为(0,2,0)A -，(0,2,0),B(2,0,0),(0,0,(0,C P D -于是(0,4,0),(2,AB CD ==-- ……10分故cos ,42AB CD AB CD AB CD⋅<>===⋅⋅因此异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的大小为arccos 4…… 14分 18．（本题满分14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分．解：（1）由()f x 是R 上的奇函数，知(0)0,f =610, 3.a a a-==+解得此时31(),31x x f x -=+故对于任意的3131,()()0,3131x x x x x R f x f x ----∈+-=+=++有即()f x 是R 上的奇函数；因此实数a 的值为3. …… 4分令31(),31x x f x y -==+则130,1x yy+=>-解得11,y -<<即函数()f x 的值域为()1,1.-…6分（2）解法1：由（1）知31(),31x x f x -=+于是不等式 ()33xt f x ⋅≥-可化为2(3)(2)3(3)0.x xt t -+⋅+-≤ …… 8分令[][]33,9(1,2)x u x =∈∈因，则不等式2(2)(3)0u t u t -+⋅+-≤在[]3,9u ∈上恒成立.设2()(2)(3),g u u t u t =-+⋅+- 则()0g u ≤在[]3,9u ∈上恒成立， …… 10分等价于(3)0.(9)0g g ≤⎧⎨≤⎩即0(3)93(2)(3)015.15(9)819(2)(3)022t g t t t g t t t ≥⎧=-++-≤⎧⎪⇔⇔≥⎨⎨=-++-≤≥⎩⎪⎩因此，实数t 的取值范围为15,.2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭…… 14分（2）解法2：由（1）知31(),31x x f x -=+当[]1,2x ∈时，()0.f x >于是不等式()33xt f x ⋅≥-可化为()233(33)(31)(31)44(31).313131x x x xx x x x t f x --+--≥===----- …… 10分令[][]312,8(1,2)x v x -=∈∈因，则由函数[]4()2,8v v vϕ=-在上递增知，max 15()(8).2v ϕϕ==故由max ()t v ϕ≥恒成立知，实数t 的取值范围为15,.2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭ (14)（第19题图）分19．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，每小题7分. 解：（1）设,AC x =则由余弦定理，得2222222321cos ,cos .223221x x B D +-+-==⋅⋅⋅⋅由四边形ABCD 是圆内接四边形，得180,B D ∠+∠=︒ 故cos cos 0,BD +=从而2222222232107,223221x x x AC +-+-+=⇔==⋅⋅⋅⋅即……3分从而1cos =60=120.2B B D =⇒∠︒∠︒，……5分故 11=+23sin 6021sin12022ABC ADC ABCD S S S ∆∆=⋅⋅⋅︒+⋅⋅⋅︒=四边形答：AC）,原棚户区建筑用地ABCD 的面积为2)k m . (7)分（2）解法1：由条件及“同弧所对的圆周角相等”得60P B ∠=∠=︒.要使棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCD 的面积更大，必须使APC ∆的面积最大，即点P 到AC 的距离最大，从而点P 在弦AC 的垂直平分线上，即.PA PC = (10)分于是APC ∆为等边三角形，2()AC = (12)分因此，棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCDADC S ∆+==即当APC ∆为等边三角形时，新建筑用地APCD 2).k m ……14分（2）解法2：由条件及“同弧所对的圆周角相等”得60P B ∠=∠=︒. 设1,(,0),sin .2APC PA u PC v u v S uv P ∆==>=⋅∠=则 ……9分在APC ∆中，由余弦定理，有222227=2cos),APC AC u v uv P u v uv uv∆=+-⋅∠=+-≥==故APCS∆≤当且仅当u v==. (12)分因此，棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCDADCS∆+==即当APC∆为等边三角形时，新建筑用地APCD2).k m (14)分20．（本题满分16分）本题共3小题，第1小题5分，第2小题5分，第3小题6分.（第20题图1）（第20题图2）解：（1）易知(1,0),F设11(,),(,),M x y P x y则由M为线段FP的中点，得11111212.022xx x xy y yy+⎧=⎪=-⎧⎪⇒⎨⎨+=⎩⎪=⎪⎩……2分于是，由点11(,)P x y在椭圆22:12xyΓ+=上，得22(21)(2)12xy-+=，即点M的轨迹方程为22(21)82x y-+=. ……5分证：（2）当过点F的直线与x轴重合时，点P与S重合，点,Q S分别为椭圆在x轴的两个顶点，显然点,,Q S R共线.当过点F的直线与x轴不重合时，设其方程为11221,(,),(,),x m y P x y Q x y=+且则11(,),S x y-由221,1,2x m yxy=+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得22(2)210m y my++-=，显然0.∆>所以 12122221,,22my y y y m m +=-=-++ 于是 22221111(2,)(1,),(2,)(1,),RQ x y my y RS x y my y =-=-=--=--故 22112211,,2121RQ RS y y y y k k x my x my --====---- (8)分所以21121221122()0,11(1)(1)RQ RS y y my y y y k k my my my my -+-=+==----即RQ RS k k =，因此点,,Q S R 共线. ……10分证：（3）由T 是直线:2l x =上的点，可设其坐标为(2,).t当过点F 的直线与x轴重合时，有(P Q 从而+2,,21PT QT FT tk k t k t ====-故 2.PT QT FS k k k += (12)分当过点F 的直线与x 轴不重合时，其方程为11221,(,),(,),x m y P x y Q x y =+且有11221122,,,212121PT QT FT y t y t y t y t tk k k t x my x my ----======----- 由(2)知12122221,,22my y y y m m +=-=-++ 于是 121221121221212121222222222()(1)()(1)2(1)()211(1)(1)()122(1)24(1)222222(1)122PT QT FTy t y t y t my y t my my y t m y y tk k my my my my m y y m y y m m t m tt m m m t k m m m m m ----+---++++=+==-----+++-+++++====+-++++即2,PT QT FS k k k +=综合上述，得,,PT FT QT k k k 成等差数列. ……16分21. (本题满分18分) 本题共3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题8分. 解：（1）由条件，知A 1S ,1.A ≤∈必有又12n a a a <<<均为正整数，故1=1.a ……2分由条件，知A 2S ,≤故由A S 的定义及12n a a a <<<均为正整数，2,A ∈必有于是2=2.a……4分证：（2）必要性由“123,,,,na aa a 成等差数列”及12=1,=2a a 得=(1,2,,).i a i i n =此时{}1,2,3,,1,A n n =-，满足题设条件；从而12112(1).2A n S a a a n n n =+++=+++=+ ……7分充分性由条件知12n a a a <<<，且它们均为正整数，可得(1,2,,)i a i i n ≥=，故 112(1)2A S n n n ≥+++=+当且仅当(1,2,,)i a i i n ==时，上式等号成立.于是当1(1)2A S n n =+时,=(1,2,,)i a i i n =，从而123,,,,n a a a a 成等差数列.因此 “123,,,,n a a a a 成等差数列”的充要条件是“1(1)2A S n n =+”. ……10分证：(3)由于n 元集合A 的非空子集的个数为21,n-故当10n =时,10211023,-=此时A 的非空子集的元素之和最多表示出1023个不同的正整数,m 不符合要求. ……12分而用11个元素的集合{}1,2,4,8,1632641282565121024M =，，，，，，的非空子集的元素之和可以表示2047个正整数：1,232046,2047.,,,因此当2018A S =时，n 的最小值为11. ……14分当2018A S =，n 取最小值11时，设101210,S a a a =+++由题设得10112018,S a +=并且10111.S a +≥事实上，若10111,S a +<则101111112019201821,2S a a a =+<-⇒>由11,a N *∈故111010.a ≥此时101008,S ≤从而1009m =时，其无法用A 的非空子集的元素之和表示，与题意矛盾！于是由10112018,S a +=与10111,S a +≥可得 101111112019201821,2S a a a =+≥-⇒≤故由11,a N *∈得111009.a ≤ ……16分当11=1009a 时，用{}1,2,4,8,163264128256,498,1009A =，，，，的非空子集的元素之和可以表示出1,2,3，…，2017,2018中的每一个数.因此，当2018A S =时，n 的最小值为11，n a 的最大值为1009. ……18分。

上海市虹口区2018届高三生命科学上学期期末教学质量监控试题(含答案)

上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控测试生命科学试题一、选择题1. 如图示一种多糖的结构，该多糖（）A. 普遍存在于动植物细胞中B. 是麦芽糖C. 由多个葡萄糖脱水缩合而成D. 经班氏试剂鉴定呈砖红色【答案】C2. 如图显示蛋白质代谢的部分过程，其中X是（）A. 氨基B. 二碳化合物C. 碳链D. CO2【答案】A3. 下列关于病原菌的叙述，错误的是（）A. 致病性是病原菌的重要属性B. 菌毛和荚膜关联着细菌的毒力C. 病原菌一旦感染人体必然使人患病D. 各种病原菌定居在人体内各种适宜的组织环境中【答案】C4. 如图是一种单体的结构简图，以此为基本单位构成的化合物不存在于（）A. 蓝细菌中B. 噬菌体中C. 烟草花叶病毒中D. 人体肝细胞中【答案】B5. 如图为无氧条件下发生的化学反应，该反应（）A. 不需要氧气参与，所以不属于氧化分解反应B. 发生在细胞质基质中，仅是无氧条件下能发生的过程C. 能产生热能和少量的ATPD. 所产生的丙酮酸脱去一个CO2后，可转变为乳酸【答案】C6. 人体汗液中的酸性分泌物可以抑制多种微生物在皮肤上的生长，这种免疫方式属于（）A. 非特异性免疫B. 特异性免疫C. 二次免疫D. 人工免疫【答案】A7. 下列关于生物体中酶的叙述，正确的是（）A. 胃蛋白酶只有进入消化管后才具有活性B. 活细胞产生的酶在生物体外没有活性C. 酶的活性部位可与多种底物契合D. 唾液淀粉酶催化反应的最适温度和最适保存温度是37℃【答案】A8. 将洋葱鳞叶表皮细胞置于某种浓度的蔗糖溶液中10min后，在显微镜下观察到的物像如图，则（）A. 此细胞正在渗透吸水B. ②中溶液浓度低于蔗糖溶液浓度C. ①结构的面积正逐步变大D. 此时有水分子在进出细胞【答案】D9. 如图表示不同浓度生长素对芽生长的影响。

当植物表现出顶端优势时，顶芽和最靠近顶芽的侧芽所含生长素的浓度依次分别为（）A. a和bB. b和aC. b和cD. c和b【答案】C10. 如图表示人体注射白喉毒素疫苗及随后受到白喉杆菌感染时所发生的免疫反应。

上海高三生物第一学期期末考试试卷含答案精校打印版

虹口区第一学期期终高三年级生命科学学科教学质量监控测试题（本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第Ⅰ卷（共60分）考生注意：第一卷由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

一、单选题（共60分。

每小题只有一个正确选项）（一）1分题（共8题）1.下列有关生命科学发展历史的描述，不正确的是（）A. 17世纪显微镜的发明，使生命科学的研究进入了细胞水平B. 在生命科学发展的早期，主要采用描述法和实验法对生物体的结构进行观察和记录C. 孟德尔用豌豆杂交实验揭示了生物遗传的基本规律D. DNA双螺旋结构模型的提出，使生命科学的研究进入到分子水平2.下列物质不在核糖体上合成的是（）A. 麦芽糖酶B. 核糖核酸C. 胰岛素D. 载体蛋白3. 洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂的分裂期中，每个细胞内DNA分子数和染色体数不同的时期是（）A. 前期和中期B. 中期和后期C. 中期和末期D. 后期和末期4. 在下列细胞的结构中，不可能产生CO2的是（）A. 豌豆细胞的细胞质基质B. 人体细胞的线粒体C. 乳酸菌的细胞质基质D. 酵母菌的细胞质基质5. 将一株植物在黑暗环境中放置48小时，然后将一片叶的主脉切断（如图）在阳光下照射4小时，将此叶片脱色处理后，再用碘液处理，结果a部呈棕褐色，b部呈蓝色。

这个实验证明了光合作用需要（）A. 光B. CO2C. 水D. 叶绿素6. 下列现象中，最能说明植物生长素低浓度促进生长，高浓度抑制生长“两重性”现象的是（）A. 茎的向光性和背地性B. 顶端优势C. 根的向地性和向水性D. 含羞草的小叶受刺激立即下垂7. 能够识别抗原的细胞是（）①吞噬细胞②T细胞③B细胞④记忆细胞⑤浆细胞⑥致敏T细胞A. ①②③④⑥B. ②③④⑤⑥C. ②③④⑤D. ①②③④⑤8. 下列哪项不是基因工程中经常使用的用来运载目的基因的载体（）A. 细菌质粒B. 噬菌体C.动植物病毒D.细菌核区的DNA（二）2分题（共20题）9. 下列叙述中，哪项是淀粉、纤维素和糖元的共同特征（）A.都是细胞内储存能量的主要物质B.都含有C、H、O、N 4种元素C.基本组成单位都是五碳糖D.基本组成单位都是六碳糖10. 大豆根尖细胞所含的核酸中，含有碱基A 、G 、C 、T 的核苷酸种类数共有（） A. 4 B. 5 C.7 D.811. 从某腺体的细胞中，提取出附着有核糖体的内质网，放入含有放射性标记的氨基酸的培养液中。

上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控语文试题含答案

虹口区2017学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三语文试卷（满分150分，时间150分钟） 2017.12一积累运用 10分1.按要求填空（5分）（1）____________________，师不必贤于弟子。

（韩愈《师说》）（2）鸟雀呼晴，___________________。

（周邦彦《_____________》）（3）李商隐的《夜雨寄北》中“何当共剪西窗烛，却话半山夜雨时”以想象表达憧憬，抒发思念之情，曲折深婉，余味无穷。

杜甫《月夜》中运用了同样手法的一联是“_______________,_______________。

”2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）下列各句中，所引诗词符合语境的一项是（）。

（2分）A.“不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层”，只要我们掌握了正确的思维方法，认识达到了一定的高度，能够透过现象看到本质，就不会被假象迷惑。

B.“问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来。

”长江之所以波澜壮阔是因为不拒绝细流，学习也是如此，广泛汲取知识才能丰富自己。

C.在奋斗过程中，我们必定会经受许多挫折和失败，只要我们坚信“行到水穷处，坐看云起时”，树立信心，鼓足勇气，一定会有成功的一天。

D.爷爷生日宴上，小明激情洋溢地说“花甲喜循环，风霜变老颜”，感谢大家百忙之中来参加我爷爷的古稀寿宴，让我们一起祝福爷爷生日快乐！（2）填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（）。

（3分）盛唐的书法，不再只是坚持“楷”的法度。

_____________。

颜真卿的《祭侄文稿》是领略唐代书法“尚意”美学的最好作品。

A.书写者也开始追求内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化B.也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求内在情绪真实的表现C.书写者也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求内在情绪真实的表现D.开始追求内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化二阅读 70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题。

（15分）和谐天人：对自然的亲近——感悟我们身边的传统节日①今天,我们为什么还要过传统节日？在今天的历史条件下,我们怎样过传统节日？②为了让我们的话题变得轻松,先来个“说文解字．．．．”吧！“节日”这词从哪里来,是怎么组合成的？“节”字的原义是什么？节日的“节”字,原本指竹子长叶、分叉的那个地方。

教育最新K12上海市虹口区2018届高三生命科学上学期期末教学质量监控试题

上海市虹口区2018届高三生命科学上学期期末教学质量监控试题一、选择题1. 如图示一种多糖的结构，该多糖（）A. 普遍存在于动植物细胞中B. 是麦芽糖C. 由多个葡萄糖脱水缩合而成D. 经班氏试剂鉴定呈砖红色【答案】C2. 如图显示蛋白质代谢的部分过程，其中X是（）A. 氨基B. 二碳化合物C. 碳链D. CO2【答案】A3. 下列关于病原菌的叙述，错误的是（）A. 致病性是病原菌的重要属性B. 菌毛和荚膜关联着细菌的毒力C. 病原菌一旦感染人体必然使人患病D. 各种病原菌定居在人体内各种适宜的组织环境中【答案】C4. 如图是一种单体的结构简图，以此为基本单位构成的化合物不存在于（）A. 蓝细菌中B. 噬菌体中C. 烟草花叶病毒中D. 人体肝细胞中【答案】B5. 如图为无氧条件下发生的化学反应，该反应（）A. 不需要氧气参与，所以不属于氧化分解反应B. 发生在细胞质基质中，仅是无氧条件下能发生的过程C. 能产生热能和少量的ATPD. 所产生的丙酮酸脱去一个CO2后，可转变为乳酸【答案】C6. 人体汗液中的酸性分泌物可以抑制多种微生物在皮肤上的生长，这种免疫方式属于（）A. 非特异性免疫B. 特异性免疫C. 二次免疫D. 人工免疫【答案】A7. 下列关于生物体中酶的叙述，正确的是（）A. 胃蛋白酶只有进入消化管后才具有活性B. 活细胞产生的酶在生物体外没有活性C. 酶的活性部位可与多种底物契合D. 唾液淀粉酶催化反应的最适温度和最适保存温度是37℃【答案】A8. 将洋葱鳞叶表皮细胞置于某种浓度的蔗糖溶液中10min后，在显微镜下观察到的物像如图，则（）A. 此细胞正在渗透吸水B. ②中溶液浓度低于蔗糖溶液浓度C. ①结构的面积正逐步变大D. 此时有水分子在进出细胞【答案】D9. 如图表示不同浓度生长素对芽生长的影响。

上海市虹口区2018学年第一学期期末教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷

上海市虹口区2018学年第一学期期末教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷 2018.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a kindergarten. B. In a hospital.C. At a police station.D. In a library.2. A. A journalist. B. A tailor. C. An electrician. D. An operator.3. A. Her glasses are broken. B. She can‟t see the time on the sign.C. She loses her glasses.D. The museum is out of sight.4. A. The kids will enjoy the movie.B. The movie will be quite boring.C. The kids will be surprised at the movie.D. The movie will not be suitable for kids to see.5. A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.6. A. He isn‟t an experienced skier.B. He has never been to Central Mountains.C. He doesn‟t plan to go skiing during spring break.D. He doesn‟t recommend going to Central Mountains.7. A. The bad weather stopped him. B. His shoes were worn out.C. He didn‟t like hiking trip.D. He was too exhausted to continue.8. A. The woman is afraid of the potential noise.B. The woman doesn‟t like living in the suburbs.C. The woman has sleeping problems.D. The woman will sign the rental contract.9. A. Make up for the inconvenience. B. Arrange accommodation for him.C. Explain the cause of the cancellation.D. Allow him to take another flight that night.10. A. All work requires high speed.B. Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes.C. The result may not be as bad as the man has expected.D. You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It can work automatically.B. Its battery can run all night.C. It can clean the office windows.D. It cleans as fast as human cleaners.12. A. To start a robot cleaning company.B. To develop a better model for the market.C. To increase the profit of the robotic business.D. To develop a long-lasting battery for the current model.13. A. Its work efficiency. B. Its appearance. C. Its sense of direction. D. Its robotic arm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Encouraging physical activity. B. Ensuring a healthy lifestyle.C. Reducing the risk of bone weakening.D. Protecting them from fatal diseases.15. A. Women‟s change in a day. B. The damage of depression.C. The proper use of certain chemicals.D. The healthiest place in the office.16. A. Whether it is a useful item. B. Whether it is to receivers‟ taste.C. Whether it is a general gift.D. Whether it is at a reasonable price.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Fill in an application form.B. Send in an application letter.C. Make an appointment for an interview.D. Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.18. A. Someone having a college degree in advertising.B. Someone experienced in business management.C. Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D. Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.19. A. Travel opportunities. B. Decent pay.C. Prospects for promotion.D. Flexible working hours.20. A. It is to be negotiated.B. It is about 500 pounds a week.C. It depends on the working hours.D. It will be set by the Human Resources.II. Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Dear headmaster,On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended, I (21) ______ hardly wait to write to you, sharing my humble opinions.As far as I‟m concerned, the theme of the festival can be “sharing”, primarily (22) ______ (consist) of three parts. Firstly, the festival can start with a 30-minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they (23) ______ (expose) to recently, expressing themselves freely. Following this section is the speech. Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read. It‟s needless to say that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation, during (24) ______ time everyone present, teachers or students, is expected to donate one or more booksto the library. As for when (25) ______ (hold) the activity, the afternoon may be an ideal choice so that it won‟t interrupt our classes.My advice is justified by the following reasons. First and foremost, it is in the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea (26) ______ our peers are reading for the moment, serving as a driving force for our own reading journey. So it is (27) ______ the books recommended. Named by those “idols” in our mind, they will definitely win our heart. As for the donation, the benefits are exactly self-evident. (28) ______ ______ can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school, developing a good campus tradition, but (29) ______ (importantly), these books which are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value.I‟m looking forward to your favorable reply. And (30) ______ is my sincere hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from it.Yours,Amy YoungSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. deliberateB. distinctionC. polishD. creditE. dependentF. occasionallyG. feasibilityH. shiftI. fulfillingJ. signalsK. continuouslyOvercoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your SuccessThere‟s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is to success. In a world where __31__ is given for people‟s accomplishments, failing feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to success.Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is __32__ not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages --- but this ability can be improved through __33__ practice or training.It‟s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, “I‟m a failure”. But when you __34__ your thinking, you will probably see what you can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them.The primary __35__ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take another look.Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you can win __36__, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure exposes areas that you need to __37__. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test how you apply yourself to __38__ your objectives and how much you want them.There is a way to distinguish whether a failure __39__ you to double down or walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated b y your goal, you should keep going. If what you‟re doing is costing you too much time and energy or it‟s not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the __40__ of your goal and even set a new one.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.This article is for all of the teenagers out there. Even though __41__ you are years from being fully grown,society regularly expects you to adult. Yes, you are __42__ in many ways: many of you drive and do so quite safely, and you handle schedules that would __43__ many adults. But you probably cannot process caffeine (咖啡因) as constantly as your parents can because of your still-growing bodies and brains.I understand it feels grown-up to be drinking a cup of Starbucks. But all of this caffeine may worsen your anxiety, affect tonight‟s sleep and tomorrow‟s school performance, __44__ nutri ent absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with alcohol. The following four aspects may well __45__ the theme of this article.The power of caffeineCaffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable, universally used, even cool, but it still causes __46__ symptoms such as headaches, fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee-addicts‟ diets.How much is healthy?Caffeine is by no means a nutrient; you do not need it to be healthy. __47__, it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been shown to reduce calcium (钙). Caffeine probably causes the body to release water. And the more caffeinated drinks you consume, the less likely you are to drink water. So experts say that adolescents sh ould consume __48__ amounts of caffeine a day (≤100 mg).Caffeine‟s __49__According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 65 percent of middle and higher schoolers are __50__ to insufficient sleep on school nights. Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to (归因于) caffeine, which can remain in the body for seven hours after __51__, thus causing teens‟ worse performance the next day. It is widely assumed that adequate sleep __52__ proper growth and brain development. During childhood and adolescence, the brain goes through a period called synaptic pruning (突触修剪) when unnecessary connections are promoted.Caffeine labellingCaffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because it is not a __53__. It may be listed as an ingredient, but the amount is not required. Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum, candy and water, along with makeup and beauty products that __54__ to reduce swelling (肿块).Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and adolescence, so teens, when you consume sweet, caffeinated drinks every time you feel sluggish (无精打采的), you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult. It is advisable to come up with other __55__ ways to boost energy so that you can master adulting better than many adults.41. A. potentially B. necessarily C. developmentally D. materially42. A. mature B. experienced C. productive D. disciplined43. A. delight B. frustrate C. liberate D. exclude44. A. promote B. assist C. intensify D. discourage45. A. call for B. account for C. turn to D. appeal to46. A. withdrawal B. addiction C. nutrition D. infection47. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Otherwise48. A. initial B. sufficient C. moderate D. stable49. A. reputations B. confirmations C. implications D. disadvantages50. A. subjected B. alerted C. reduced D. opposed51. A. stimulation B. concentration C. excitement D. consumption52. A. results from B. contributes to C. benefits from D. attends to53. A. therapy B. material C. nutrient D. substitute54. A. fail B. appear C. promise D. happen55. A. instructive B. comprehensive C. extensive D. alternativeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)There aren‟t many actors around the world who have enough self confidence to turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave him a choice. She said she‟d be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could play a dinosaur. Of course he turned her down and it was probably a good thing. It‟s difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, her decision doesn‟t seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars. Gerald Depardieu is a good example. Since his first film in 1967, his filmography (影片集锦) lists 172 acting credits. But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While some of his films have been popular in the US, they have usually been French films that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card, directed by Peter Weir, where he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts (分配同一类型角色) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While some reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieu‟s performance.While Monsieur Depardieu hasn‟t received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2000 and a year later in Y tu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown hero, Brad Pitt in Babel and, under the direction of top producer and director, Jim Jarmusch, he starred in Limits of Control. He hasn‟t picked up an Oscar yet, but he was nominated for a BAFTA (英国电影电视艺术学院奖) in 2005 for hisperformance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King.56. It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ______.A. very much wanted to be in Jurassic ParkB. didn‟t want to be in Jurassic ParkC. really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD. was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well57. According to the writer, Gerald Dep ardieu‟s most popular films ______.A. have been made in HollywoodB. have only been seen in EuropeC. have been made in France, but seen in other countries, tooD. have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58. The last sentence in Para 2 “others shredded both the film and Depardieu‟s performance” means others thought Depardieu‟s performance and the film were ______.A. complexB. interestingC. terribleD. impressive59. The writer‟s purpose in writing th is article is to suggest that ______.A. Foreign actors generally do well in the United StatesB. American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actorsC. Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United StatesD. a successful c areer in Europe or Latin America doesn‟t guarantee success in the USA(B)You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as prizes.Competition OneCompetition TwoCompetition Three60. Which competition extract(s) describe(s) what will happen on the flight?A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.C. Competition Three.D. Competition One and Two.61. Which holiday prize(s) will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week?A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.C. Competition One and Three.D. Competition One and Two.62. If you want to exercise during the holiday, which competition(s) will you take part in?A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.C. Competition One and Three.D. Competition One and Two.(C)The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations of points and features on the earth‟s surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early times distance was often expressed in units of time, for example “so many hours‟ march” or “a day‟s journey by river”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they did about actual distance. The other e lement is direction, but for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was “Where do I go from here?” and “How far away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary importance. Partly for this reason, written itineraries (行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types of maps, for example, those showing railway systems, may make little attempt to show true directions. Similarly, obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or conventional (惯常的), and varied in size to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also from place to place, so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention employed.The history of cartography (制图) is largely that of the increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the comprehensiveness of the map content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For example, instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a constellation (星座) in the night sky, or even of a steady wind, use was made of terrestrial magnetism (地磁学) through the magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great accuracy.The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension of the knowledge of the world through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced further refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map maker were shifting significantly. The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps. The soldier, especially after the introduction of artillery, and the problems of range, field of fire, and dead ground which it raised, demanded an accurate representation of the surface features, in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation (描绘), and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour (等高线) was invented.63. Why might early maps have been misleading?A. Distances could not be calculated reliably.B. They were based on written itineraries.C. They were drawn by ordinary travelers.D. Distances tended to be overestimated.64. What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks?A. The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks.B. The selection of landmarks was faulty.C. They used symbols that were not standardized.D. They sometimes included unimportant features.65. In the second paragraph, the writer says that ______ made better quality map-making easier.A. a greater understanding of climatic factorB. greater accuracy in draughtsmanship (绘图术)C. more accuracy in measurementD. more intensive map production66. What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape?A. Discovery in astronomy.B. The growth of mathematical science.C. The activities of the great explorers.D. Military considerations.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. As you walk, pay close attention to your surroundings.B. Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings.C. If you‟re averaging se ven hours or less, commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight.D. If you‟re feeling stressed or overwhelmed, don‟t punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their limits.E. A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge.F. Actually, it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1 hour without the risk of sleep deprivation (剥夺) if you know how to have high quality sleep.Self-Care Strategies for College StudentsMost college stude nts don‟t put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you‟re caught up in the whirlwind (旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, it‟s easy to ignore a task that doesn‟t come with a deadline (even if that task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental, and emotional health is essential to your success and well-being. (67) ______ Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies.Get Away for Some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. (68) ______Take a Mindful Walk Around C ampus. When you‟re strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center yourself and destress. (69) ______ Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like the smell of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reach your destination.Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do you really get each night? (70) ______ By doing that, you‟ll begin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits. Don‟t buy into the myth that the less you‟re sleeping, the harder you‟re working. Your mind and body need consistent sleep to operate at optimum levels –you simply can‟t do your best work without it.Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost every subject imaginable, so you‟re sure to find something that interests you.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare VirtueMost of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from flints (打火石) for starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the journalist Ian Leslie, in his newly-published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and we are losing it.Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a declining consumption of n ews from outside the reader‟s borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expressesadmiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (替罪羊): we seek only the information we want. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by Leslie.Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship (企业家精神). Worse still, that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the …holy curiosity‟. Of course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work? ...And if you see learning as a burden, there‟s no way you will want to dig deeper into a nything. That will just make the burden heavier. But if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72、他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。

【试题】上海市 2018 学年度等级考监控测试生命科学试卷(附参考答案)

【试题】上海市2018 学年度等级考监控测试生命科学试卷考生注意：1．试卷满分100 分，考试时间60 分钟。

2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。

试卷包括两部分，第一部分全部为选择题，第二部分为综合分析题，包括填空题、选择题和简答题等题型。

3．考生应用2B 铅笔、钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在答题纸上一．选择题（共40 分，每小题2 分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1. 图1 为丙氨酸结构式，依据氨基酸结构通式，判定他的R 基是（）A. -HB. -NH2C. -COOHD. -CH32. 我国科学家钟杨已保存种子4000 万种，他的团队贡献属于保护生物多样性的措施（）A.就地保护B.迁地保护C.离体保护D.异地保护3. 图2 为某动物细胞周期中各期时长，该细胞分裂间期时长为（）A. 1hB. 4hC. 12hD. 21h4. 使用显微镜目镜测微尺在低倍镜10X 下测量变形虫，测得虫体长占20 格，转换高倍镜40X 虫体所占格数为（）A. 10 格B. 20 格C. 40 格D. 80 格5. 表1 为某同学设计的实验，该实验结果可以证明酶（）表1A. 具有高效性B. 具有专一性C. 本质为蛋白质D. 本质为 RNA6. 为一个基因型 AaBb 的土豆，将其块茎埋入土中，其后代基因型为（）A. AaBbB. AaBBC. AABbD. aaBb7. 如图 3 是人体内物质 X 和 Y 的代谢示意图，以下表述正确的是（）A. ①表示糖酵解B. 物质 Y 是丙酮酸C. Z 表示卡尔文循环D. 物质 X 是脂肪8. 发财树浇水太多容易导致烂根,烂根后植物能检测出（）A. 乙醇与 CO 2B. 仅 CO 2C. 仅 O 2D. 仅 H 2O9. 吸收外周组织中多余胆固醇并运到肝脏的脂蛋白主要是（） A.乳糜微粒 CM B. 高密度脂蛋白 HDL C.低密度脂蛋白 LDL D. 极低密度脂蛋白 VLDL10. 小萌正在参加百米赛跑，下列状况中符合此时身体情况的是（）A. 支气管扩张，心跳加快B. 支气管收缩，心跳加快C. 支气管扩张，心跳减慢D. 支气管收缩，心跳减慢11. 图 4 是某植物细胞有丝分裂的光学显微镜照片，该细胞刚完成（）A. 细胞核分离B. 染色单体分离C. DNA 双链解开D. 同源染色体分离12. 图5 表示人体精原细胞中第6 号和第9 号染色体形态，该精原细胞最终形成的正常精子中,可能出现的染色体形态是（）A B C D13. 某异养自生固氮菌能将大气中氮还原成氨，欲在实验室中分离土壤中的该菌，在配制培养基时，一般不需要加入的是（）A. 葡萄糖B. 氯化钠C. 蛋白胨D. 蒸馏水14. α淀粉酶被固定在污水处理器中，以便不断水解废水中的淀粉，这种对酶的利用方式，其优点是（）①可连续反应②易回收③可重复利用④酶的产量高A. ①②④B. ①③④C. ①②③D. ②③④15. 图6 示心脏（仅显示左心房和左心室）活动的某一阶段，下列描述错误的是（）A. 此时心脏活动是心室收缩B. 此时大动脉活动管壁扩张C. 测得的动脉血压为舒张压D. 此时测得的动脉血压为收缩压16. 如图7 所示，M 点的作用是（）A. 促进根芽生长B. 促进根茎芽生长C. 促进根茎生长D. 促进生长17. 小萌一口气喝下1000ml 水后,每分钟尿量变化如下图,则O→A 血浆渗透压变化为（）A.先降后升B.一直上升C.先升后降 D.持续下降。

【全国区级联考】上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期期末教学质量监控数学试题(解析版)

虹口区2017-2018学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试高三数学试卷一．填空题（1～6题每小题4分，7～12题每小题5分，本大题满分54分）1. 函数的定义域是___________．【答案】【解析】试题分析：由对数函数知得，故本题答案为．考点：函数的定义域对数函数2. 已知是定义在上的奇函数，则________．【答案】0【解析】因为函数是奇函数，故，，故得到0.故答案为：0.3. 首项和公比均为的等比数列，是它的前项和，则________．【答案】1【解析】首项和公比均为的等比数列,根据公式得到，.故答案为：1.4. 在中，所对的边分别是，若，则_____．【答案】【解析】所对的边分别是，若,设故答案为：.5. 已知复数满足，则范围是_________．【答案】【解析】复数满足,所以范围是.故答案为：.6. 某学生要从物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理这六门学科中选三门参加等级考，要求是物理、化学、生物这三门至少要选一门，政治、历史、地理这三门也至少要选一门，则该生的可能选法总数是____________．【答案】18【解析】根据题意得到这个学生有两种选择，其一是从物理化学生物中选两门，剩下的里面选一门，或者从物理化学生物中选一门，剩下的里面选两门，故情况为故答案为：18.7. 已知、是三棱锥的棱，的中点，记三棱锥的体积为，三棱锥的体积为，则等于________.【答案】【解析】如图，设三棱锥P﹣ABC的底面积为S，高为h，∵M是AB的中点，∴∵N是PC的中点，∴三棱锥N﹣MBC的高为，则，∴故答案为：．8. 在平面直角坐标系中，双曲线的一个顶点与抛物线的焦点重合，则双曲线的两条渐近线的方程为__________________．【答案】【解析】根据题意，抛物线y2=12x的焦点为（3，0），若双曲线的一个顶点与抛物线y2=12x的焦点重合，则双曲线的顶点坐标为（±3，0），则有a2=9，则双曲线的方程为：﹣y2=1，双曲线的焦点在x轴上，则其渐近线方程为.故答案为：.9. 已知和的图像的连续的三个交点、、构成三角形，则的面积等于__________．【答案】【解析】由题意正余弦函数的图象可得：y=sinx和y=cosx的图象的连续的三个交点A、B、C构成三角形△ABC是等腰三角形，∵底边长为一个周期T=2π，高为，∴△ABC的面积故答案为：．10. 设椭圆的左、右焦点分别为、，过焦点的直线交椭圆于、两点，若的内切圆的面积为，则________.【答案】4【解析】∵椭圆的左右焦点分别为F1，F2，a=2，过焦点F1的直线交椭圆于M（x1，y1），N（x2，y2）两点，△MNF2的内切圆的面积为π，∴△MNF2内切圆半径r=1．∴△MNF2面积S=×1×（MN+MF2+MF2）=2a=4，故答案为：4点睛：这个题目考查了椭圆的几何性质的应用；其中重点考查了焦三角形的应用；椭圆的焦三角形周长为：2a+2c，和焦半径有直接联系，关于焦三角形的顶角当顶点在椭圆的上顶点时顶角最大，可结合三角形的面积公式和余弦定理得证.11. 在中，是的中点，点列在直线上，且满足，若，则数列的通项公式______________．【答案】【解析】如图所示，∵D是BC的中点，,又=+，，∴+=+a n（），化为：=（1﹣a n﹣a n+1）+，∵点列P n（n∈N*）在线段AC上，∴1﹣a n﹣a n+1+=1，化为：a n+1=﹣，又a1=1，则数列{a n}是等比数列，首项为1，公比为﹣．∴a n=．故答案为：．点睛：这个题目考查了向量中共线定理的应用，和数列通项的求法；对于向量的小题常见的解题思路为：向量基底化，用已知长度和夹角的向量表示要求的向量，或者建系实现向量坐标化，或者应用数形结合.12. 设，其中，，如果函数与函数都有零点且它们的零点完全相同，则为________________．【答案】，【解析】根据题意，函数y=f（x）的零点为方程x2+2a•x+b•2x=0的根，如果函数y=f（x）与函数y=f（f（x））的零点完全相同，则有f（x）=x，即x2+2a•x+b•2x=x，方程x2+2a•x+b•2x=x的根就是函数y=f（x）与函数y=f（f（x））的零点，则有解可得x=0，即x2+2a•x+b•2x=0的1个根为x=0，分析可得b=0，则f（x）=x2+2a•x，解可得x1=0或x2=﹣2a，f（f（x））=（x2+2a•x）2+2a（x2+2a•x），若函数y=f（x）与函数y=f（f（x））的零点完全相同，分析可得a=0或a=1，则（a，b）为（0，0）或（1，0）；故答案为（0，0）或（1，0）．点睛：函数的零点或方程的根的问题，一般以含参数的三次式、分式、以e为底的指数式或对数式及三角函数式结构的函数零点或方程根的形式出现，一般有下列两种考查形式：(1)确定函数零点、图象交点及方程根的个数问题；(2)应用函数零点、图象交点及方程解的存在情况，求参数的值或取值范围问题．........................二．选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）13. 异面直线和所成的角为，则的范围是（）A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】根据异面直线的概念得到夹角的范围为.故答案为：C.14. 命题：“若，则”的逆否命题为（）A. 若，则或B. 若，则或C. 若，则且D. 若，则且【答案】C【解析】命题：“若，则”的逆否命题为若，则且。

高考最新-上海虹口区2018年上学期高三期终教学质量监控测试数学(附答案) 精品

虹口区2018学年度第一学期高三年级数学学科期终教学质量监控测试题(考试时间120分钟，满分150分)一、填空题：(每小题4分，满分48分)1. 方程12)5526(log 5+=-⋅x x 的解x =__________。

2. 6π=x 是方程3tg(x +t )=3的解，其中t ∈(0,2π)，则t =__________。

3. 复数z 满足z +|z |=2+8i ，则z =__________。

4. 等差数列{a n }中，如a 1+a 2+a 3=6，a 10+a 11+a 12=9，则a 1+a 2+…+a 12=__________。

5. 等比数列{a n }中，a 1=2，且38)(lim 12531=++++-∞→n n a a a a ，则公比q =__________。

6. 若函数f (x )=a |x +b |+2，在]1,(-∞上为增函数，则实数a 、b 的取值范围是__________。

7. 知识竞赛题共有10道，其中选择题6道，判断题4道，甲、乙两人依次各抽一道，则甲、乙两人中至少有1人抽到判断题的概率是__________。

8. 二项式(3x -1)n 和(1+4x )n 的展开式中，各项系数之和分别记为a n 和b n (n ∈Z +)，则nn nn n b a b a 423lim+-∞→=__________。

9. 椭圆12522=+t y x ，两焦点间距离为6，则t =__________。

10. (理科) 抛物线⎩⎨⎧+=-=1212t y t x (t 为实数)的焦点坐标是__________。

(文科) 当x ，y 满足不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤+≥≤≤10251y x y x 时，目标函数K =x -2y 的最小值是__________。

11. 定义集合A ，B 的一种运算“*”，A *B ={p |p =x +y ，x ∈A ，y ∈B }。

若A ={1,2,3}，B ={1,2}，则集合A *B 中所有元素的和=__________。

【解析】上海市虹口区2018届高三上学期教学质量监控测试化学试题含解析

上海市虹口区2018届高三第一学期教学质量监控测试化学试题相对原子质量： H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16一、选择题（本题共 40分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1. 化学与生产和生活密切相关，下列过程中没有发生化学变化的是（）A. 用热碱水清除炊具上的油污B. 电解饱和食盐水制氯气C. 用酒精擦洗布料上的油污D. 用食醋除去水壶内的水垢【答案】C【解析】A、纯碱是强碱弱酸盐，水解使溶液显碱性，油脂在碱性条件下发生水解反应产生可溶性的物质，而水解反应是吸热的，所以用热碱水清除炊具上的油污效果好，发生的是化学变化，故A错误；B、电解饱和食盐水，产物为氯气、氢气、氢氧化钠，生成了新物质，属于化学反应，故B错误；C、油脂易溶于酒精，所以用酒精擦洗，利用的是物质的溶解性，没有发生化学变化，故C错误；D、水垢的主要成分为碳酸钙和氢氧化镁，加醋酸可以与其发生反应，使得水垢溶解，故D错误。

故选C。

2. 下列关于和的说法正确的是（）A. 所有性质都相同B. 电子数不同C. 属于同素异形体D. 质子数相同【答案】D【解析】核素左下角的数代表质子数，左上角数字代表质量数。

A、和的质子数都是53，中子数不同，二者互为同位素。

质子数决定化学性质，同位素原子化学性质相同，但物理性质不一定相同，故A错误；B、原子的质子数等于电子数，所以两种微粒电子数都是53，故B 错误；C、同种元素形成的不同的单质互称为同素异形体，和不是单质，故C错误；D、和的质子数都是53，故D正确。

故选D。

3. 下列过程属于人工固氮的是（）A. 工业合成氨B. 闪电时，氮气转化为 NOC. 用 NH3和CO2合成尿素D. 用硫酸吸收氨气得到硫酸铵【答案】A【解析】氮元素从游离态变为化合态是氮的固定；工业合成氨是通过人类生产活动把氮气转化为氨气，故A正确；闪电时，氮气转化为NO，属于自然固氮，故B错误； NH3和CO2 合成尿素，氮元素不是从游离态变为化合态，不属于氮的固定，故C错误；用硫酸吸收氨气得到硫酸铵，氮元素不是从游离态变为化合态，不属于氮的固定，故D错误。

最新上海市虹口区2018第一学期期末教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷

上海市虹口区2018学年第一学期期末1教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2018.122I. Listening Comprehension3Section A4Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two 5speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was 6said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear 7a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, 8and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.91. A. At a kindergarten. B. In a hospital.10C. At a police station.D. In a library.112. A. A journalist. B. A tailor. C. An 12electrician. D. An operator.133. A. Her glasses are broken. B. She can’t see the time on the sign.14C. She loses her glasses.D. The museum is out of sight.154. A. The kids will enjoy the movie.16B. The movie will be quite boring.17C. The kids will be surprised at the movie.18D. The movie will not be suitable for kids to see.195. A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. Unclear.206. A. He isn’t an experienced skier.21B. He has never been to Central Mountains.22C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring break.23D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountains.247. A. The bad weather stopped him. B. His shoes were worn out.25C. He didn’t like hiking trip.D. He was too exhausted to continue.268. A. The woman is afraid of the potential noise.27B. The woman doesn’t like living in the suburbs.28C. The woman has sleeping problems.29D. The woman will sign the rental contract.309. A. Make up for the inconvenience. B. Arrange accommodation for 31him.32C. Explain the cause of the cancellation.D. Allow him to take another flight33that night.3410. A. All work requires high speed.35B. Working too fast may lead to undesirable outcomes.36C. The result may not be as bad as the man has expected.37D. You can never lay too much emphasis on the fast speed.38Section B39Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer 40conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the 41conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions 42will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers 43on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have 44heard.45Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.4611. A. It can work automatically.47B. Its battery can run all night.48C. It can clean the office windows.49D. It cleans as fast as human cleaners.5012. A. To start a robot cleaning company.51B. To develop a better model for the market.52C. To increase the profit of the robotic business.53D. To develop a long-lasting battery for the current model.5413. A. Its work efficiency. B. Its appearance. C. Its sense of 55direction. D. Its robotic arm.56Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.5714. A. Encouraging physical activity. B. Ensuring a healthy lifestyle.58C. Reducing the risk of bone weakening.D. Protecting them from fatal59diseases.6015. A. Women’s change in a day. B. The damage of depression.61C. The proper use of certain chemicals.D. The healthiest place in the62office.6316. A. Whether it is a useful item. B. Whether it is to receivers’ 64taste.65C. Whether it is a general gift.D. Whether it is at a reasonable price.66Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.6717. A. Fill in an application form.68B. Send in an application letter.69C. Make an appointment for an interview.70D. Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.7118. A. Someone having a college degree in advertising.72B. Someone experienced in business management.73C. Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.74D. Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.7519. A. Travel opportunities. B. Decent pay.76C. Prospects for promotion.D. Flexible working hours.7720. A. It is to be negotiated.78B. It is about 500 pounds a week.79C. It depends on the working hours.80D. It will be set by the Human Resources.81II. Grammar and Vocabulary82Section A83Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage 84coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each 85blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that 86best fits each blank.87Dear headmaster,88On hearing the news that a Reading Festival is to be held on campus on the World 89Book and Copyright Day and the possible project is open to be recommended, I (21) ______ 90hardly wait to write to you, sharing my humble opinions.91As far as I’m concerned, the theme of the festival can be “sharing”, 92primarily (22) ______ (consist) of three parts. Firstly, the festival can start with93a 30-minute discussion where groups of students can exchange and share what they (23)94______ (expose) to recently, expressing themselves freely. Following this section is 95the speech. Teacher and student representatives previously selected by us are to share 96and recommend the book they think really deserving to be read. It’s needless to say 97that the last sharing section which is the most meaningful is donation, during (24) 98______ time everyone present, teachers or students, is expected to donate one or more 99books to the library. As for when (25) ______ (hold) the activity, the afternoon may 100be an ideal choice so that it won’t interrupt our classes.101My advice is justified by the following reasons. First and foremost, it is in 102the group discussion and exchange that we students can have a thorough idea (26) ______ 103our peers are reading for the moment, serving as a driving force for our own reading 104journey. So it is (27) ______ the books recommended. Named by those “idols” in our 105mind, they will definitely win our heart. As for the donation, the benefits are exactly 106self-evident. (28) ______ ______ can we share beyond our class or even beyond our school, 107developing a good campus tradition, but (29) ______ (importantly), these books which 108are sure to be dusted on our shelves can now be of more value.109I’m looking forward to your favorable reply. And (30) ______ is my sincere 110hope that the festival can be a great success and we can gain a lot from 111it.112113114115Yours,116117118Amy Young119Section B120Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word 121can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.122A. deliberateB. distinctionC. polishD. creditE. dependentF. 123occasionally G. feasibility H. shift I. fulfilling J. signals K. 124continuously125Overcoming Obstacles: How Your Biggest Failure Can Lead to Your 126Success127There’s been a lot written on the theme of failure and how essential it is 128to success. In a world where __31__ is given for people’s accomplishments, failin g 129feels dangerous. The fear of failure can stop people taking risks that might lead to 130success.131Heidi Grant Halvorson, a psychologist, points out much of success is __32__ 132not on talent but on learning from your mistakes.133About half of the people in the world hold that ability in an area --- be it 134creative or social skill --- is natural. The other half believes, instead, that someone 135might have a preference or something --- say painting or speaking foreign languages 136--- but this ability can be improved through __33__ practice or training.137It’s almost impossible to think rationally (理性地) while shouting at yourself, 138“I’m a failure”. But when you __34__ your thinking, you will probably see what you 139can control --- your behavior, your planning, your reactions --- and change them. 140The primary __35__ between successful people and unsuccessful people is that 141the successful people fail more. If you see failure as a monster approaching you, take 142another look.143Success is as scary as failure. Researchers report that satisfaction grows on 144challenges. Think about it --- a computer game you can always win is boring; one you 145can win __36__, and with considerable effort, is fun. In pursuit of success, failure 146exposes areas that you need to __37__. So the failure serves as a brick wall to test 147how you apply yourself to __38__ your objectives and how much you want them.148There is a way to distinguish whether a failure __39__ you to double down or 149walk away, says Halvorson. If, when things get rough, you remain fascinated by your 150goal, you should keep going. If what you’re doing is costing you too much time and 151energy or it’s not bringing you joy, you should give a second thought to the __40__ 152of your goal and even set a new one.153III. Reading Comprehension154Section A155Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases 156marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the 157context.158This article is for all of the teenagers out there. Even though __41__ you are 159years from being fully grown, society regularly expects you to adult. Yes, you are 160__42__ in many ways: many of you drive and do so quite safely, and you handle schedules 161that would __43__ many adults. But you probably cannot process caffeine (咖啡因) as 162constantly as your parents can because of your still-growing bodies and brains. 163I understand it feels grown-up to be drinking a cup of Starbucks. But all of 164this caffeine may worsen your anxiety, affect tonight’s sleep and tomorrow’s school 165performance, __44__ nutrient absorption and even cause real trouble when mixed with 166alcohol. The following four aspects may well __45__ the theme of this article. 167The power of caffeine168Caffeine is widely considered a drug that is socially acceptable, 169universally used, even cool, but it still causes __46__ symptoms such as headaches, 170fatigue and a lack of attention when removed from coffee-addicts’ diets.171How much is healthy?172Caffeine is by no means a nutrient; you do not need it to be healthy. 173__47__, it is a substance that can leave you lacking nutrients because it has been 174shown to reduce calcium (钙). Caffeine probably causes the body to release water. And 175the more caffeinated drinks you consume, the less likely you are to drink water. So 176experts say that adolescents should consume __48__ amounts of caffeine a day (≤100 177mg).178Caffeine’s __49__179According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 65 180percent of middle and higher schoolers are __50__ to insufficient sleep on school 181nights. Some of their sleep problems can be mainly attributed to (归因于) caffeine, 182which can remain in the body for seven hours after __51__, thus causing teens’ worse 183performance the next day. It is widely assumed that adequate sleep __52__ proper growth 184and brain development. During childhood and adolescence, the brain goes through a 185period called synaptic pruning (突触修剪) when unnecessary connections are promoted. 186Caffeine labelling187Caffeine is not listed on the Nutrition Facts column on food labels because 188it is not a __53__. It may be listed as an ingredient, but the amount is not required. 189Caffeine is now added to foods such as gum, candy and water, along with makeup and 190beauty products that __54__ to reduce swelling (肿块).191Taste preferences and eating habits are often cultivated in childhood and 192adolescence, so teens, when you consume sweet, caffeinated drinks every time you feel 193sluggish (无精打采的), you are creating a pattern that may be hard to break as an adult. 194It is advisable to come up with other __55__ ways to boost energy so that you can master 195adulting better than many adults.19641. A. potentially B. necessarily C. developmentally 197D. materially19842. A. mature B. experienced C. productive199D. disciplined20043. A. delight B. frustrate C. liberate201D. exclude20244. A. promote B. assist C. intensify203D. discourage20445. A. call for B. account for C. turn to205D. appeal to20646. A. withdrawal B. addiction C. nutrition207D. infection20847. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover209D. Otherwise21048. A. initial B. sufficient C.211moderate D. stable21249. A. reputations B. confirmations C. implications213D. disadvantages21450. A. subjected B. alerted C. 215reduced D. opposed21651. A. stimulation B. concentration C. excitement217D. consumption21852. A. results from B. contributes to C. benefits from219D. attends to22053. A. therapy B. material C. nutrient221D. substitute22254. A. fail B. appear C. promise223D. happen22455. A. instructive B. comprehensive C. extensive225D. alternative226Section B227Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several 228questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked 229A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in 230the passage you have just read.231(A)232There aren’t m any actors around the world who have enough self confidence to 233turn down an offer from Steven Spielberg. Maybe that was why Juliette Binoche gave 234him a choice. She said she’d be happy to be in Jurassic Park as long as she could 235play a dinosaur. Of course h e turned her down and it was probably a good thing. It’s 236difficult to imagine Juliette ripping people apart with her teeth. However, her 237decision doesn’t seem to have done her career any harm. She has gone on to make a 238string of hits, including The Unbearable Lightness of Being, The English Patient (for 239which she won an Oscar) and Chocolat.240241Success in the United States has not been so easy for other foreign stars. Gerald 242Depardieu is a good example. Since his first film in 1967, his filmography (影片集243锦) lists 172 acting credits. But he has struggled on the other side of the pond. While 244some of his films have been popular in the US, they have usually been French films 245that travelled. One possible exception was Green Card, directed by Peter Weir, where 246he plays a French immigrant who goes through a fake wedding in order to stay and work 247in the United States. This is a predictable but sweet romantic comedy which typecasts 248(分配同一类型角色) its lead actors in terms of national stereotypes. While some 249reviewers were kind, others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance. 250251252While Monsieur Depardieu hasn’t received the recognition he would have liked in the United States, one Mexican actor has achieved almost instant success. Gael Garcia Bernal first gained recognition in Amores Perros in 2532542000 and a year later in Y tu mama tambien. Since then he has appeared with hometown hero, Brad Pitt in Babel 255and, under the direction of top producer and director, Jim Jarmusch, he starred in Limits of Control. He hasn’t256picked up an Oscar yet, but he was nominated for a BAFTA (英国电影电视艺术学院奖) in 2005 for his 257performance as the South American hero revolutionary Che Guevara, in Motorcycle Diaries. In the same year he 258played American music icon Elvis Presley in The King.25956. It can be inferred from the passage that Juliette Binoche ______.A. very much wanted to be in Jurassic Park260261B. didn’t want to be in Jurassic Park262C. really wanted to play a dinosaur in Jurassic ParkD. was hesitant whether she could play a dinosaur well26326457. Acco rding to the writer, Gerald Depardieu’s most popular films ______.265A. have been made in Hollywood266B. have only been seen in Europe267C. have been made in France, but seen in other countries, too268D. have been made in Hollywood, but well received in France58. The last sentence in Para 2 “others shredded both the film and Depardieu’s performance” means others thought 269270Depardieu’s performance and the film were ______.271A. complexB. interestingC. terribleD. impressive59. The writer’s purpose in writing this article is to suggest that ______.272273A. Foreign actors generally do well in the United States274B. American actors are able to earn more money than foreign actors275C. Foreign actors are playing an irreplaceable role in the United States276D. a successful career in Europe or Latin America doesn’t guarantee success in the USA277(B)278You are going to read three competitions which offer holidays as 279prizes.280Competition One281282Competition Two283284Competition Three28528660. Which competition extract(s) describe(s) what will happen on the flight?287A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.288C. Competition Three.D. Competition One and Two.28961. Which holiday prize(s) will offer you the chance to stay longer than a week?290A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.C. Competition One and Three.D. Competition One and Two.29129262. If you want to exercise during the holiday, which competition(s) will you take part in?293A. Competition One.B. Competition Two.C. Competition One and Three.D. Competition One and Two.294295(C)The purpose of a map is to express graphically the relations 296297of points and features on the earth’s surface to each other. These are determined by distance and direction. In early298times dist ance was often expressed in units of time, for example “so many hours’ march” or “a day’s journey byriver”, but such measurements gave more information about the relative ease of crossing the local terrain than they 299300did about actual distance. The other element is direction, but for the ordinary traveller, whose main concern was301“Where do I go from here?” and “How far away is it?”, the accurate representation of direction was not of primary302importance. Partly for this reason, written itineraries (行程) for a long time rivaled maps. Even today, certain types303of maps, for example, those showing railway systems, may make little attempt to show true directions. Similarly,304obvious landmarks along a route were at first indicated by signs, realistic or conventional (惯常的), and varied insize to indicate their importance. Clearly the conventions employed varied with the purpose of the map, and also 305306from place to place, so that in studying early maps the first essential is to understand the particular convention 307employed.308The history of cartography (制图) is largely that of the 309increase in the accuracy with which these elements of distance and direction are determined and in the 310comprehensiveness of the map content. In this development, cartography has called in other sciences to its aid. For 311example, instead of determining direction by observing the position of a shadow at midday, or of a constellation 312(星座) in the night sky, or even of a steady wind, use was made of terrestrial magnetism (地磁学) through the 313magnetic compass, and instruments were evolved which enabled horizontal angles to be calculated with great 314accuracy.315The application of astronomical concepts, and the extension 316of the knowledge of the world through exploration, encouraged attempts to map the known world. Then 317astronomers discovered that the earth is not a perfect sphere, but is flattened slightly at the poles, which introduced 318further refinements into the mapping of large areas. Meanwhile, the demands being made of the map maker were 319shifting significantly. The traveller or the merchant ceased to be the sole user of maps. The soldier, especially after 320the introduction of artillery, and the problems of range, field of fire, and dead ground which it raised, demanded an 321accurate representation of the surface features, in place of the earlier conventional or pictorial delineation (描绘), 322and a solution in any degree satisfactory was not reached until the contour (等高线) was invented.63. Why might early maps have been misleading?323324A. Distances could not be calculated reliably.325B. They were based on written itineraries.C. They were drawn by ordinary travelers.326327D. Distances tended to be overestimated.32864. What problem did early maps exhibit when showing landmarks?329A. The signs used bore little relation to the landmarks.330B. The selection of landmarks was faulty.331C. They used symbols that were not standardized.D. They sometimes included unimportant features.33233365. In the second paragraph, the writer says that ______ made better quality map-making easier.334A. a greater understanding of climatic factor335B. greater accuracy in draughtsmanship (绘图术)336C. more accuracy in measurement337D. more intensive map production33866. What encouraged the search for a more precise means of mapping the physical geography of the landscape? 339A. Discovery in astronomy.B. The growth of mathematical science.C. The activities of the great explorers.D. Military considerations.340341Section C342Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence343can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.344A. As you walk, pay close attention to your surroundings.345B. Make a plan to get off campus and explore your surroundings.C. If you’re averaging seven hours or less, commit to sleeping at least eight hours tonight.346347D. If you’re feeling stressed or overwhelmed, don’t punish yourself by pushing your mind and body to their348limits.349E. A comfortable corner in the library and even an empty classroom are perfect places to relax and recharge. 350F. Actually, it is possible to shorten sleep time by up to 1 hour without the risk of sleep deprivation (剥夺) if351you know how to have high quality sleep.Self-Care Strategies for College Students352353Most college students don’t put self-care at the top of their to do lists. When you’re caught up in the whirlwind354(旋风) of classes, extra-curricular, work, friendship, and final exams, it’s easy to ignore a task that doesn’t comewith a deadline (even if that task is simply “taking care of yourself”). Embrace the excitement and intensity of 355356college life, but remember that maintaining your physical, mental, and emotional health is essential to your success357and well-being. (67) ______ Instead, take time out to take care of yourself with some of these self-care strategies. 358Get Away for Some Alone Time. If you live with roommates, privacy can be hard to come by, so make it your359mission to find a peaceful place on campus to call your own. (68) ______360Take a Mindful Walk Around Campus. When you’re strolling to class, try this mindfulness exercise to center361yourself and destress. (69) ______ Feel free to people-watch, but pay attention to sensory details too, like the smell362of a nearby barbecue or the sensation of pavement under your shoes. Take note of at least five beautiful or363intriguing things you notice along your route. You might find yourself feeling a little calmer by the time you reachyour destination.364365Stage a Sleep Intervention. How much sleep do yo u really get each night? (70) ______ By doing that, you’llbegin the process of repaying your sleep debt and establishing healthy new sleep habits. Don’t buy into the myth 366367that the less you’re sleeping, the harder you’re working. Your mind and body need co nsistent sleep to operate at368optimum levels –you simply can’t do your best work without it.369Download a New Podcast. Take a break from the books, grab your headphones, and listen to some immersive 370mysteries, compelling interviews, or laugh-out-loud comedy. There are thousands of podcasts covering almost 371every subject imaginable, so you’re sure to find something that interests you.372IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more 373374than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.375Curiosity Is an Increasingly Rare Virtue376Most of the breakthrough discoveries and remarkable inventions throughout history, from flints (打火石) for 377starting a fire to self-driving cars, have something in common: They are the result of curiosity. But the journalist 378Ian Leslie, in his newly-published book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists 379that curiosity is a much overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and we are losing it.380Leslie presents considerable evidence for the claim that the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the 381U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet, among other social and technological changes, has led to a 382declining consumption of news from outside the reader’s borders. Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses 383admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy (替罪羊): we seek only the information we want. But not everything 384is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of the causes identified by 385Leslie.386Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship 387(企业家精神). Worse still, that lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge 388is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.389Fortunately, some strategies can be employed to develop curiosity: If you just accept the world as it is without 390trying to dig deeper, you will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity’. Of course, one effective way to dig deeper beneath 391the surface is asking questions: What is that? Why is it made that way? Who invented it? How does it work? ...And 392if you see learning as a burden, ther e’s no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the 393burden heavier. But if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.394V. Translation395Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.39672、他刚要关闭电脑，就在这时手机响了。

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