环境新科学常用词汇英文缩写
环境科学专业词汇英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染a cid rain酸雨interaction of systems系统的交互作用environmental problem环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热 noise噪声contaminant污染物 strength强度foreign matter杂质 domestic sewage生活污水municipal wastewater城市废水 microbe微生物microorganism微生物 bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon, TOC总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染 recontamination再污染groundwater地下水 surface water地表水restriction限制 colloid胶体screening隔栅 coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝 sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤 disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒 prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒 aeration曝气softening软化 activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附 reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT)污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescibl e易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋 incineration:焚烧 composting: 堆肥 compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋 balance剩下的，余额，结余 batch-fed分批投料 refus e垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行 shut down:关闭 energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解 equalization basin调节池 aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs污泥絮体 settling tank沉淀池 dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长 pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法 soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear,touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇必备
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇必备Quality is the life of an enterprise. December 2, 2022环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类;环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology 环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection 环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment 环境舒适度environmental comfort 环境背景值本底值environmental background value环境保护产业环保产业environmental production industry 环境壁垒绿色壁垒environmental barrier绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题社会环境问题the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution 排污收费pollution charge可更新资源renewable resources不可更新资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial waste water矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water 草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection “三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二恶英公害dioxine nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora 伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地面水地表水surface water 水位water level下渗入渗sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层不透水层aquiclude透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水有压层间水confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水喀斯特水karst water径流runoff flow地表径流runoff地下水ground water流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失土壤侵蚀soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物底质或底泥benthal deposit总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids 河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮红潮red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater 海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区水质功能区functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification 土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化土壤盐碱化soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质土壤母质或成土母质parent material土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action 缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate 土壤退化土壤贫瘠化soil degeneration土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度precipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽烟流或羽流plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance 最小因子定律law of minimum 生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress 生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth 互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide防腐剂preservative杀鼠剂rodenticide无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation 世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎渔期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model 防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors 边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration 恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide植物生长调节剂growth regulator 化学致癌物chemical carcinogen 表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH催化催化作用catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog 大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry 降水化学precipitation chemistry 气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate 总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulatesTSP飘尘可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘airborne particle降尘落尘dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式氧垂曲线oxygen balance model吸收剂吸附剂absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant 有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane 硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration 微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis 比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis 自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter 水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring 过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒可吸入尘和飘尘inhale particles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality conrol空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性重现性reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry 重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient 系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution 水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射光visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏亏氧量oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved 无污染燃料pollution-free fuel 燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio 烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal脱硫desulfurization 除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失压力降pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector 重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator ESP 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器两段式电除尘器two-stage electrostatic precipitator 湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber 中心喷雾旋风洗涤器cyclone spray scrubber泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst 催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization FGD湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NOx by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NOx by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of oder集气罩capture hood 烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emmission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant 污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水污水处理构筑物water sewagetreatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank 重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank 斜板斜管沉淀池sloping plankpipesettling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank 平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation 气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressuredissolved-air floatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process真空过滤法vacuum filtration process快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter 无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process 反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane 电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis 离子交换膜ion exchange membrane 萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio 污泥容积指数sludge velum index 污泥负荷volume loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process 分段曝气法step aeration method 延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biologicalfiler生物转盘biological rotating disc 生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter 化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification 污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pond ICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tankintermittent aeration tank system需氧池－间歇池A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop process Bardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox process UCT工艺university of cape town VIP工艺Virginia initiative plant 厌氧生物滤池AFanaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludge blanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorizationdisinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine 液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual 化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint 过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank 污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes 城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system 余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cementsolidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphaltsolidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity 致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ 致突变作用mutagenesis 致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissible concentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentrationLD50剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship 恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit valueTLV 高危人群population at high risk 易感人群susceptible populatio环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmentalquality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis总量控制total discharge control of pollutant浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system环境监测environment monitoring 环境标志environmental label清洁生产cleaner production 环境审计environmental audit 产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard“三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system ofeliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting中华人民共和国环境保护法Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国水污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution中华人民共和国大气污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China全国生态环境建设规划nationaleco-environmental construction plan全国生态环境保护纲要national compendium on eco-environmental protection地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economytype牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3Rreducing, reusing, recycling生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national productionGNP国民生产净值net national productionNNP国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit 成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint 环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate 人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education 中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school 环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
2021年环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(AC)
环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(AC)aaqs 环境空气质量标准 aaqs aars 机载观测资料自动发送系统aars abatement 减低; 降低; 减少 a abiotic 无生命的; 非生物的 a abl 大气边界层 abl abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的a absorber (of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂 aolwr absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置 av absorbing ability 吸收能力 aa absorption 吸收作用 a absorptive plex 吸收性复合体ac abundance 丰度 a aad 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会aad aeptable daily intake 容许日摄入量 adi aeptance test 验收试验 at aident management 事故管理 am aidental spill 事故性溢漏 as acetate moiety 乙酸根; 乙酸基 am acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯 ad acid fallout 酸性沈降物 af acid fog 酸雾 af acid mist 酸雾 am acid rain 酸雨 ar acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土; 热带沼泽林土 ass acid(ic) deposit(ion) 酸性沈积物 aidi acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水 aip acid(ic) snow 酸雪 ais acid-affected 受酸影响的; 受酸危害的 aa acid-causing substance 致酸物质 acs acid-forming substance 成酸物质 afs acidifying substance 酸化物质 as acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌 ab acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌 apb acmad 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心acmad acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气 av action area 行动区域; 预定自然保护区 aa action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值al action plan for the biosphere reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划 apftbr action plan for the programme of studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划 apftpos action plan for the protection of the atmosphere 保护大气行动计划 apftpota action spectrum 作用光谱 as activated carbon 活性炭 ac activated sludge 活性污泥 as activation of a response plan 实行应急计划 aoarp active 活性的 a active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统 ases acyclic 无环的 a acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯 an acyl radical 酰基 ar ad hoc group of legal experts on dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组 ahgoleod add-on hardware 添加硬件 aoh add-on technology 增添技术 aot adi 容许日摄入量 adi adiabatic process 绝热过程 ap administrative charges 管理费 ac adr 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定 adr adsorbent 吸附剂 a adsorption 吸附作用 a adverse climate change 不利的气候变化 a adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响ae adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响 aee adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响 ahe adverse impact 不利影响ai advisory mittee on marine pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会） acmp advisory mittee on marine pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会） acmp advisory group on greenhouse gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组 aggg aeronautical climatology 航空气候学 ac aeronauticalmeteorology programme 航空气象学计划 amp aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体 a aerosol (spray-)can 喷雾罐; 气溶胶喷罐 asc aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐; 气溶胶发生器 ad aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量 al afbc 常压流化床燃烧 afbc afc 区域预报中心afc afforestation 造林; 绿化 a aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素 a african ministerial conference on environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议 amcen african ministerial conference on environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议 amcen africanministerial conference on environment 非洲部长级环境会议amcen african ngo environment work 非洲非政府组织环境网anen after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理acods aftershock 余震 a agcm 大气环流模型 agcm agricultural meteorology programme 农业气象学计划 amp agrochemicals 农用化学品 a agroclimatic 农业气候的 a agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区 az agrometeorology 农业气象学 a a-horizon 淋溶层; a层 ah air barrier 气障; 气泡阻挡层; 气泡屏蔽 ab air chemistry 大气化学 ac air column 气柱 ac air current 气流 ac air injection system 空气喷射系统 ais air intrusion 气流侵袭 ai air mass 气团 am air monitoring 大气监测 am air parcel 气块 ap air pollutant 空气污染物 ap air pollution 空气污染 ap air pollution control 空气污染控制apc air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量 aplair shed 大气补给分界线 as air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射 as air surveillance 空气污染监视 as airborne contaminant 气载污染物 ac airborne emissions 空气中的排放物 ae airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分 afoc airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒 ap airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度 apc airborne pollution 大气污染; 空气污染 ap airborne system 机载系统 as airborne transport 大气输运 at aircraft(-based) observations 机上观测 abo airflow 气流 a air-fuel ratio 空气燃油比 afr air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层; 海-气边界层 asbl air-sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用; 海-气相互作用 asi air-sea interface 大气海洋界面; 海-气界面 asi albedo 反照率; 反射率 a albedo radiation 反照辐射 ar algae control 藻类控制 ac algal bloom 水华; 藻华; 藻类大量繁殖 abalicyclic 脂环族的 a aliphatic pound 脂族化合物 ac alkadiene 链二烯 a alkali metal 碱金属 am alkaline-earth metal 碱土金属 aem alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用 a alkane 烷; 链烷烃 a alkene 烯; 链烯烃 a alkyd resins 醇酸树脂 ar alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝 aah alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯 an alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯 an alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤 ad alkyne 炔; 链炔烃 aalleviating measures 缓和措施; 减轻措施 am allowable dailyintake 容许日摄入量 adi alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层 ad alluviation 冲积; 冲积作用 a allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯 ac alterant 备用方案 a alternative development 可选择的发展 ad alternative fuel 代用燃料 af alternative technology 可选择的技术 at altitude distribution 高度分布; 垂直方向分布 ad ambient air 环境大气; 环境空气 aa ambient air monitor 环境空气监测 aam ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准 aaqs ambient quality standard 环境质量标准aqs ambient standard 环境标准 as amcen 非洲部长级环境会议amcen amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适 aotc amenity rights 舒适环境的权利; 舒适权 ar amine ring 氨基环 ar ammonia (nh3) 氨 an ammonia solution (nh4oh) 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵; 氨水 asn ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵 aw ammonium hydrogen sulphite (nh4hso3) 亚硫酸氢铵 ahsn ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵; 氨溶液; 氨水 ah ammonium sulphate ((nh4)2so4) 硫酸铵 asn2 ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵 asp ammonolysis 氨解作用 a ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用; 氨氧化反应作用 a amplification factor 放大因子 af anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况 ac anen 非洲非政府组织环境网anen animal density 动物密度 ad anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂 ae anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏; 反常波动 af anomaly 反常; 异常 a antarctic circle 南极圈 ac antarctic ozonehole 南极臭氧层空洞 aoh antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗 asod antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋 ascv anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的 a anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动 aea anti-desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划 adp antioxidant 抗氧化剂; 防老化剂 a anti-trade 反信风 at apell 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备 apellapell 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备 apell appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签 al applications of meteorology programme 气象学应用计划 aomp applied cloud physics 应用云物理学 acp approved facility (处理危险或其他废物的)合格设施af aqua ammonia 氨水; 氢氧化氨; 氨溶液 aa aquatic acidification 水的酸化 aa aquatic biota 水生生物区系; 水生生物群 ab aquatic food web 水生食物链; 水生食物网 afwarctic cercle 北极圈 ac arctic ozone hole 北极臭氧层空洞aoh area (emission) source 区域污染源 aes area forcast system (afs) 区域预报系统 afs area meteorological watch 区域气象监视 amw area of environmental stress 环境受到威胁地区 aoes area pollution 区域污染 ap aromatic 芳族的; 芳香的; 芳香剂 a artificial structure 人工建筑物; 人工结构 as asap 自动化船载高空探测计划 asap ascending chromatography 上行色谱法 ac asp 过磷酸铵 asp assessment panel 评估小组 ap atlasmooring 阿特拉斯式系泊装置 am atmosphere-ocean-land-ice system 大气-海洋-陆地-冰雪体系; 气海陆冰体系 aolis atmospheric absorption 大气吸收 aa atmospheric abundance(s) 例如二氧化碳在大气中的丰度; 成分 aas atmospheric acidity 大气酸度 aa atmospheric boundary layer (abl) 大气边界层 abl atmospheric change 大气变化 ac atmospheric chemist 大气化学家 ac atmospheric chemistry 大气化学 ac atmosphericchlorine 大气氯 ac atmospheric chlorine build-up 大气氯累积; 大气氯蓄积 acbu atmospheric circulation pattern 大气环流模式 acp atmospheric climate 大气气候 ac atmospheric column 大气气柱 ac atmospheric position 大气成分 ac atmospheric constituent 大气组分; 大气组元 ac atmospheric deposition 排入大气 ad atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动 ad atmospheric dynamics 大气动力学 ad atmospheric environment 大气环境 ae atmospheric fallout 大气沈降物 af atmospheric flow pattern 大气气流模式 afp atmospheric fluidized bed bustion 常压流化床燃烧 afbc atmospheric forcing 大气外力作用 af atmospheric free radical 大气游离基 afr atmospheric general circulation model 大气环流模型 agcm atmospheric input (of pollutants) 污染物的排入大气 aiop atmospheric inversion 大气逆变; 大气逆温 ai atmospheric layer 大气层 al atmospheric life (of a substance) 一种物质在大气中存在的时间 aloas atmospheric loading (of e.g. chlorine) 例如氯在大气中的浓度; 含量; 负荷 aloegc atmospheric microphysics 大气微观物理学 am atmospheric model 大气模型 am atmospheric modeller 大气模型家 am atmospheric movements (of e.g. nitrogen oxides) 例如氧化氮在大气中的移动 amoegno atmospheric ozone 大气臭氧 ao atmospheric ozone column 大气臭氧气柱 aoc atmospheric physicist 大气物理学家 ap atmospheric pollution work 大气污染监视网 apn atmospheric radical 大气游离基 ar atmospheric recovery time 大气复原时间 art atmospheric region 大气层 ar atmospheric research and remote sensing plane 大气研究和遥感研究专机 ararsp atmospheric researcher 大气研究者 ar atmospheric residence time 在大气中停留时间 art atmospheric sciences 大气科学 as atmospheric scientist 大气科学家 as atmospheric shell 大气层 as atmospheric sounder 大气探测器 as atmospheric transfer 大气输运 at atmospheric transformation product 使大气变性的产物 atp atmospheric transport 大气输运 at atmospheric transport-chemistry model 大气输运和化学反应模型 atcm atmospheric turbidity 大气浑浊度 at atmospherics detection station 天电检测站 ads auctionable emission rights 可拍卖的排放权利 aer austral spring 南半球春季 as austral winter 南半球冬季 aw automated shipboardaerological programme 自动化船载高空探测计划 asap automatic aircraft reporting system 机载观测资料自动发送系统 aars automative air conditioning 汽车空调; 汽车空气调节 aac autophyte 自养植物 a autotroph 自养生物 a autotrophic 自养的 a autotrophy 自养 a available (chlorine, oxygen, etc.) 有效氯，氧等 acoe average total amount of ozone 臭氧平均总量 ataoo average total ozone 臭氧平均总量 ato awarwness-building 建立意识 ab azeotrope 共沸混合物 ab2o5 n2o5; 五氧化二氮 (一般不译) b background air pollution monitoring work 气象组织本底空气污染监测网 bapmn background air pollution monitoring work (bapmon) 本底空气污染监测网bapmon background atmosphere position work 本底大气成分监测网 ba background concentration 本底污染浓度 bc background measurement 本底测量 bm background monitoring station 本底监测站 bms background ozone 本底臭氧 bo backgroung (ambient air) pollution 本底污染 baap backscattered radiation 后向散射的辐射 br backscattered ultraviolet radiation (buv radiation) 后向散射的紫外辐射 burbr backscattering 后向散射b back-up 支持; 支持物; 备分 bu bact 可得的最佳控制污染技术bact bag house 袋滤室 bh balance 平衡 b balance line system 平衡管道系统 bls balance of nature 自然生态平衡 bon balancevapour recovery system 平衡管道蒸气回收系统 bvrs balancing line system 平衡管道系统 bls balks 未耕地 b balloon ozone sounding 气球臭氧探测 bos balloon-borne instrument 气球运载仪器; 球载仪器 bbi baltic marine environment protection mission 波罗的海海洋环境保护委员会 bmepc ban 禁止使用 b bapmon 本底空气污染监测网 b bapmon site 本底空气污染监测网站 bs basal layer of epidermis 表皮基层 bloe base cations 碱阳离子 bc base metal 贱金属 bm baseline case 基线案例 bc baseline data 基线数据 bd baseline observing station [gaw] 基线观测站 bosg basic active 碱活性 ba basic metal 碱性金属bm basic obligations 基本义务 bo basic reaction 碱性反应 br basic solution 碱性溶液 bs basin 流域; 盆地 b bearing capacity 承载能力 bc bedrock 基岩 b behaviour of ozone 臭氧特性 boo belt skimmer 带式撇油器 bs benthic 底栖的; 海底的b benthos 底栖生物; 水底生物 b bergen conference 卑尔根会议bc bern convention 伯尔尼公约 bc best available control technology (bact) 可得的最佳控制污染技术 bact best practicable means 最可行的方法 bpm best practicable technology 最可行的技术 bpt bfcs 溴氟碳化合物 bfcs b-horizon 淀积层; b层 bh biennial oscillation 两年振荡 bobio(-)indicator 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种 bi bioaumulation 生物累积 b bioassay 生物测定; 活体检定 bbiocenose 生物群落 b biocenosis 生物群落 b biochemical action 生化作用; 生物化学作用 ba biochemical oxygen demand (bod) 生化需氧量 bod bioclimatic changes 生物气候变化 bc bioclimatology 生物气候学 b biocoenose 生物群落 b bio-data 生物数据 bd biodegradation rate 生物降解速率 brbiodiversity 生物多样性 b biofilter 生物过滤器; 生物滤池 b biogenic chlorine 源于生物的氯; 生物产生的氯 bc biogenic gas 源于生物的气体 bg biogeochemical cycle 生物地球化学循环bc biological action 生物作用 ba biological action spectrum 生物作用光谱 bas biological amplification factor 生物放大因数 baf biological assay 生物鉴定; 生物测定; 活体检定 ba biological balance 生物平衡 bb biological control 生物控制bc biological cycle 生物循环; 生物周期 bc biological energy conversion 生物能量转换 bec biological exposure indicator 生物性曝露指示装置 bei biological half-life 生物半衰期 bhl biological indicator species 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种bis biological magnification factor 生物放大因数 bmf biological oxygen demand 生物需氧量 bod biological treatment (bt) 生物处理 bt biologically active ultraviolet radiation 具有生物活性的紫外辐射 baur biologicallyeffective ultraviolet radiation 具有生物效应的紫外辐射 beur biomagnification 生物富集 b biome 生物群落 b biomonitoring生物监测 b biosafety 生物技术安全 b biosphere reserve 生物圈保护区 br biospheric balance 生物圈平衡 bb biota 生物区系; 生物相; 区域生物群 b biotechnological safety 生物技术安全 bs biotechnology 生物技术; 生物工艺学 b biotic control 生物控制 bc biotope 群落生境; 生活小区 b biphenyl 联苯 b biradical 二基团的 b bitrate radical 硝酸根 br bloom 大量繁殖 b blowing agent 发泡剂 ba bod 生化需氧量 b bod strength 生化需氧量大小 bs bod(x) x日的生化需氧量 bx body of water 水体 bow body tissue 体组织 bt bonn convention 波恩公约 bc border effect 边行效应; 边行影响 be boron (b) 硼 bb bottom-living fish 底栖鱼类 blf bound nitrogen 固氮 bn boundary layer 边界层 bl bowl 盆地; 区域 b br 溴; (一般不译) b breakdown 分解 b breeding ground 繁殖区; 产卵区 bg brewer instrument 布鲁尔检测仪 bi brewer-mast electrochemical sonde 布鲁尔-马斯特电化学探空仪 bmes bridge technology 过渡性技术 bt bromic ether 溴代乙烷; 乙基溴 be bromide 溴化; 溴化物 b brominated species 含溴产品 bs bromination 溴化作用; 溴化处理 b bromine(-containing) substance 含溴物质 bcs bromochlorodifluoromethane 二氟氯溴甲烷 b bromoethane 溴乙烷; 乙基溴 b bromofluorocarbons (bfcs) 溴氟碳化合物 bfcs bromoform (chbr3) 溴仿; 三溴甲烷 bc bromomethane 溴甲烷; 甲基溴 b bromotrifluoromethane (cbrf3) 三氟溴甲烷 bc browncoal 褐煤 bc brundtland report 布伦特兰报告 br bubble concept 气泡概念 bc bubble tower 鼓泡塔 bt bubbler 起泡器 b bubbling 起泡; 冒泡; 鼓泡 b bubbling fluidized bed bustion 沸腾式流化床燃烧 bfbc budget 预算; 平衡; 收支 b buffer solution 缓冲溶液 bs buffer(ing) capacity 缓冲能力; 缓冲容量 bic building climatology 建筑气候学 bc build-up (of pollutants) 污染物的累积; 积累 buop bulk deposition 大量堆积; 大量沈积 bd buoy boat 航标敷设艇 bb burnt lime 煅石灰; 氧化钙; 生石灰 bl bush fire 灌丛火灾; 灌木林火 bf buv radiation 后向散射的紫外辐射 brc2cl2f4 四氟二氯乙烷 c c2cl3f3 三氟三氯乙烷 c c2cl4f2 四氯二氟乙烷 c c2cl6 六氯乙烷 c c2clf5 五氟氯乙烷 c c2h3cl3c2h3cl3 三氯乙烷 c c2h4f2 c2h4f2 (1,1-二氟乙烷 c c2h4o2c2h4o2 甲酸甲酯 c c2h5br c2h5br 乙基溴 c c2h5cl c2h5cl 乙基氯 c c2hcl5 c2hcl5 五氯乙烷 c c4f8 c4f8 八氟环丁烷 c c4h4o c4h4o 呋喃 c c5h10 c5h10 戊烯 c cadmium pollution 镉污染 cp cairo guidelines and principles 关于危险废物的环境无害管理开罗准则和原则 cgap calibrated fluxes 校准流量; 校准通量 cf calibration 校准 c campaign for the conservation of the water's edge 保护河海边缘运动 cftcotws e canadian environmental protection act ___环境保护法 cepa canopy 林冠; 树冠 c canopy density 林冠郁闭度 cd canopy manipulation 林冠修整; 林冠控制 cm can-type precipitation gauge 罐式雨量计 ctpg cap (on production, consumption) 生产或消费限额; 限度 copc carbide 碳化; 碳化物; 碳化钙 c carbon canister 活性碳罐 carbon cycle 碳循环 carbon dioxide (co2) 二氧化碳 cdc carbon dioxide ice 固态二氧化碳 cdi carbon disulphide 二硫化碳 cd carbon families 碳族化合物 cf carbon hexachloride 六氯乙烷 ch carbon material 碳材料 cm carbon monoxide (co) 一氧化碳 co carbon oxygen sulphide (cos) 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫cos carbon oxysulphide 氧硫化碳 co carbon tetrachloride(l4) 四氯化碳 ctc carbon tetrafluoride 四氟化碳 ct carbonic acid (h2co3) 碳酸 cah carbonic acid gas 碳酸气; 二氧化碳cag carbonic oxide 一氧化碳 co carbonyl sulphide 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫 cs carrying capacity 容纳量; 装载量; 负荷量; 负担能力 cas 化学文摘社; 大气科学委员会 cas cascade impactor 阶式碰撞采样器 ci cascade shower 级联簇射 cs catalysis 催化作用c catalyst 催化剂 c catalyst-equipped passenger car 装有催化净化废气系统的小客车 cepc catalytic chain 催化循环catalytic converter 催化转化器 catalytic cycle 催化循环catalytic exhaust system 排气催化系统 ces catalytic ozone destruction cycle 臭氧的催化分解循环 codc catchment 汇水; 集水 c cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换能力 cec cationexchanger 阳离子交换剂; 阳离子交换器 ce cbrf3 三氟溴甲烷 c co 气候变化与海洋委员会 co l2f2 二氟二氯甲烷 c l2fl2f 对称四氯二氟乙烷 c l3chcl2 五氯乙烷 c l3f 三氯氟甲烷 c l4 四氯化碳，四氯甲烷 c lf2lf2 对称四氟二氯乙烷 c lf2cf3 五氟氯乙烷 c lf3 三氟氯甲烷 c ceiling value 最高值; 最高额 cv cell line 细胞株; 细胞系 cl cell methode 分格法 cm cellular plastic 泡沫塑料 cp ceresis 南美地震学区域中心 c certification requirements 获得许可的必要条件资格 crcf2cll2h cf2cll2h (1,1,2-三氯-2,2-二氟乙烷 c cf3cf3 cf3cf3 六氟乙烷 c cf4 cf4 四氟甲烷，四氟化碳 c cfc 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃 c cfc 10 cfc 10 四氯化碳，四氯甲烷 c1 cfc 11 cfc 11 三氯氟甲烷 c1 cfc 110 cfc 110 六氯乙烷 c1 cfc 112 cfc 112 四氯二氟乙烷 c1 cfc 113 cfc 113 三氟三氯乙烷 c1 cfc 114 cfc 114 四氟二氯乙烷 c1 cfc 115 cfc 115 五氟氯乙烷 c1 cfc 116 cfc 116 六氟乙烷 c1 cfc 12 cfc 12 二氟二氯甲烷 c1 cfc 120 cfc 120 五氯乙烷 c1 cfc 122 cfc 122 三氯二氟乙烷 c1 cfc13 cfc 13 三氟氯甲烷 c1 cfc 13b1 cfc 13b1 三氟溴甲烷 c1 cfc14 cfc 14 四氟甲烷 c1 cfc 140a cfc 140a (1,1,1-三氯乙烷 c1 cfc 142b cfc 142b (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷 c1 cfc 152a cfc 152a (1,1-二氟乙烷 c1 cfc 160 cfc 160 乙基氯 c1 cfc 160b cfc160b 乙基溴 c1 cfc 20 cfc 20 三溴甲烷 c2 cfc 21 cfc 21 二氯氟甲烷 c2 cfc 22 cfc 22 二氟氯甲烷 c2 cfc 23 cfc 23 三氟甲烷 c2 cfc 32 cfc 32 二氟甲烷 c3 cfc 40 cfc 40 甲基氯 c4 cfc 40 b cfc 40 b 甲基溴 c4b cfc 500 cfc 500 (500制冷剂 c5 cfc 502 cfc 502 (502制冷剂 c5 cfc 503 cfc 503 (503制冷剂 c5 cfc 504 cfc 504 (504制冷剂 c5 cfc 611 cfc 611 甲酸甲酯 c6 cfc c318 cfc c318 八氟环丁烷 cfc refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂 cr cfc refrigeration fluid 氯氟碳化合物制冷液 crf cfc release rate 氯氟碳化合物的排放速度 crr cfm 氟氯甲烷 cfmch2=chcl ch2=chcl 氯乙烯 ch2cl2 ch2cl2 二氯甲烷 cch2clch2cl ch2clch2cl 对称二氯乙烷 c ch2f2 ch2f2 二氟甲烷 c ch3br ch3br 甲基溴 c ch3l3 ch3l3 (1,1,1-三氯乙烷 c ch3lf2 ch3lf2 (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷 c ch3ch(cl)ch2cl ch3ch(cl)ch2cl (1,2-二氯丙烷 c ch3ch2br ch3ch2br 乙基溴 c ch3ch2chcl2ch3ch2chcl2 (1,1-二氯丙烷 c ch3chcl2 ch3chcl2 (1,1-二氯乙烷c ch3chf2 ch3chf2 (1,1-二氟乙烷 c ch3cl ch3cl 甲基氯 c ch4 ch4 甲烷 c change in consumer attitudes 消费者态度的变化cica change in weather pattern 天气模式的变化; 天气型的变化ciwp changes of acitity 酸度的变化 coa changing atmosphere 变化中的大气; 大气变化 ca changing position (of the atmosphere) 大气成分的变化 ota charge 费 c charges on water pollution 水污染费 cowp charter on ground water management 地下水管理章程 cogwm chbr3 chbr3 三溴甲烷 c chcl=l2chcl=cl2 三氯乙烯 chcl2l3 chcl2l3 五氯乙烷 c chcl2ch2clchcl2ch2cl (1,1,2-三氯乙烷 c chcl2f chcl2f 二氯氟甲烷 c chcl3 chcl3 三氯甲烷 c chclf2 chclf2 二氟氯甲烷 c chemical abstracts service (cas) 化学文摘社 casc chemical barrier 化学屏蔽 cb chemical burn 化学性灼伤 cb chemical change 化学变化 chemical cleaning of coal 煤的化学净化 oc chemical conversion 化学转化 chemical co-ordinating centre 化学问题协调中心 oc chemical dump 化学废料 cd chemical emergency 化学紧急事故 ce chemical intermediate 化学中间产品; 化学半成品 ci chemical name 化学名 chemical oxygen demand (cod) 化学需氧量 cod chemical poisoning 化学品中毒 cp chemical reactivity 化学反应性 cr chemical residence time 化学品停留时间; 化学品存在时间 crt chemical safety 化学安全 cs chemical specialities 化学的各种专业 cs chemical substitute 化学代用品; 化学替代物质 cs chemical theory 化学理论 ct chemical trace constituent 化学痕量成分 ctc chemical transformation 化学变化 ct chemical transmitter 化学传递介质 ct chemically inert 不起化学作用的; 化学惰性的 ci chemically reactive substance 化学活性物质 crs chemically-fixed energy 化学能; 化学固定能 cfe chemistry of atmosphere 大气化学 coa chemo... 化学... c chemoautotroph 化学自养生物c chemosphere 光化层 c chf3 chf3 三氟甲烷 c chlorethyl 乙基氯 c chlorhydrogenation 氯氢化作用 c chloride 氯化; 氯化物c chloride prescrubber 氯化物预洗净气剂 cp chlorinated 氯化的 c chlorinated alkane 氯化烷烃 ca chlorinated hydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物 ch chlorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂 chr chlorinated paraffin 氯化石蜡; 氯化烷烃 cp chlorination 氯化作用; 在水中加氯 c chlorinecatalysis 氯的催化作用 chlorine chemistry 氯化学 chlorine dioxide (clo2) 二氧化氯 cdc chlorine monoxide (cl2o) 氧化氯cmc chlorine nitrate (clono2) 硝酸氯 c chlorine oxide radical 氧化氯游离基 cor chlorine oxides (clox) 氯的氧化物coc chlorine peroxide 过氧化氯 cp chlorine radicals 氯游离基 cr chlorine reservoir 氯的吸收库 cr chlorine sink 氯的吸收汇 cs chlorine system 氯的化学系统; 氯的化学循环 cs chlorine theory 氯理论 ct chlorine(-containing) substance 含氯物质 s chlorine-bearing pound 含氯物质 cbc chlorine-bearing reservoir 氯的吸收库 cbr chlorinolysis 氯解 c chloroalkane 氯化烷烃 c chlorocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物 c chlorocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂 cr chlorodifluoromethane (chclf2) 二氟氯甲烷 chloroethane 氯乙烷 c chloroethylene 二氯化乙烯 c chlorofluorocarbon (cfc) 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃 cfc chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂 cr chlorofluoroethane 氟氯乙烷 c chlorofluoromethane (cfm) 氟氯甲烷 cfm chloroform (chcl3)氯仿; 三氯甲烷 chlorohydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物 c chloromethane 氯甲烷 c chloropentafluoroethane (c2clf5) 五氟氯乙烷 chlorophenols 氯酚 c chlorotrifluoromethane (lf3) 三氟氯甲烷 c-horizon 母质层; c层 ch chromatophore cell 色素细胞 cidie 国际发展机构环境委员会 cidie circle oflatitude 纬度圈 col circulating fluidized bed bustor 循环流化床燃烧室 cfbc circulation pattern of the atmosphere 大气环流模式 cpota circumpolar vortex 环极涡旋; 绕极涡旋 cv cites 濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约 cites cl cl 氯; 氯原子c cl2 cl2 氯分子 c cl2c=l2 cl2c=l2 四氯乙烯 cl2o cl2o 氧化氯 c cl3cl3 cl3cl3 六氯乙烷 c classified facility 按可能引起污染的程度被定级设施 cf clean air 清洁空气; 新鲜空气 ca clean air act 空气清洁法 caa clean atmosphere 天然大气; 洁净大气 ca clean rain 干净的雨; 没有被污染的雨 cr clean technologies 不引起污染的技术; 干净的技术 ct clean use of coal 煤的干净用法 cuoc cleaner technologies 清洁技术; 净化技术 ct cleaning solvent 洗涤液; 洗涤溶剂 cs cleanup activities 清洁活动; 净化活动 ca clear sky 晴空 csclearing-house mechanism [unep] 资料交换所机制体制 chmu cli cli 不译 c cli facility [wmo] cli设施 cfw climagram 气候图c climat broadcast climat广播 cb climat reporting station [] climat报告站 crsw climat temp reporting system []climat temp报告系统 ctrsw climate alert 气候警报 caclimate applications 气候应用 ca climate applications referral system 气候应用检索系统 cars climate change 气候变化 climate change detection project 气候变化检测计划 dp climate puting (cli) cli (不译) c climate control 气候控制climate data centre 气候资料中心 cdc climate data management 气候资料管理 cdm climate diagnostic 气候分析 cd climate forcing 气候作用力 cf climate indicator 气候指示物ci climate information 气候资料 ci climate model 气候模型cm climate modelling 建立气候模型 cm climate monitoring 气候监测 cm climate observing station 气候观测站 cos climate process 气候过程 cp climate record 气候记录 cr climate science 气候科学 cs climate sensitivity 气候敏感性 cs climate system monitoring (csm) 气候系统监测 csm climate trend 气候趋势 ct climate variation 气候变化 cv climate warming 气候变暖; 气温升高 cw climate watch 气候监视 cw climate-sensitive activity 影响气候的活动; 对气候敏感的活动csa climatic anomaly 气候异常; 气候距平 ca climatic atlas 气候图集 ca climatic change 气候变化 climatic control 气候控制 climatic cycles 气候循环; 气候周期 climatic data 气候资料 cd climatic divide 气候分界 cd climatic effects 气候效应 ce climatic element 气候要素 ce climatic event 气候现象;气候事件 ce climatic facilities 气候治疗设施 cf climatic factors 气候因子 cf climatic forecast 气候预报; 气候展望 cf climatic hazard 不测风云的危险性; 气候异常的危险性 ch climatic model 气候模型 cm climatic optimum 气候适宜期 co climatic record 气候记录 cr climatic region 气候区 cr climatic scourge 气候灾害 cs climatic shift 气候改变 cs climatic stress 气候限制; 气候压力 cs climatic upheaval 气候激烈变化 cu climatic variability 气候的可变性 cv climatic variation 气候变化 cv climatic zone 气候带 cz climatography 气候志 c climatological chart 气候图 climatological forecast 以气候学方法预报 cf climatological station 气候站cs climatologist 气候学家 c climatology 气候学 c clno2clno2 硝酰氯 c clo2 clo2 过氧化氯 c clono2 clono2 硝酸氯 c closed forest 密生林; 郁闭林 cf closed-cup test 闭杯法试验t closed-loop control (of fuel metering) 燃料计量的闭回路控制 clcofm cloud albedo 云的反照率 ca cloud amount 云量 ca cloud climatology 云气候学 cloud cover 云量 cloud droplets 云滴 cd cloud field 云区 cf cloud physics 云物理学 cp cloud process 成云过程; 云形成过程 cp cloud system 云系 cs cloudiness 云量 c cloud-radiation feedback 云和辐射相互作用; 云-辐射反馈作用 crf cloud-top height 云顶高度 cthcloud-top temperature 云顶温度 ctt cloudy 多云 c clox clox氯的氧化物 c cmm 海洋气象学委会 cmm co2 equivalent 二氧化碳当量 ce co2-induced changes (of climate) 二氧化碳引起的气候变化 cicoc coal beneficiation 选煤 cb coal cleaning plant 选煤厂 p coal washing 洗煤 cw coare 海洋大气耦合响应实验coare coast earth station 海岸地面站 ces coastal area 沿海区; 海岸区 ca coastal climate 沿海气候 coastal development 滨海地区的发展 cd coastal evolution 海岸的演变 ce coastal fog 岸边的雾; 岸雾 cf coastal ocean 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋 co coastal protected area 沿海保护区 cpa coastal sea 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋 cs coastal shelf 沿海大陆架 cs coastal waters 水体边缘; 近岸水体 cw cod 化学需氧量 cod coh 雾系数 coh cold start emissions 冷起动时排出的废气 cse collection of household refuse 家庭垃圾的收集 cohr colonizing species 群居物种 cs column content of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧含量 oo column of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧 coo column of the atmosphere 大气气柱 cota bating climate change 防备气候变化c bustion emissions 燃烧废气 ce bustion plant 燃烧设施; 燃烧车间 cp bustion source 火源; 火箱; 燃烧室 cs bustor 燃烧室; 燃烧器 c mercial applications 商业应用 ca mercial lead time 商品从开始设计到投入市场所需的时间 clt mercially available substitute 可在市场上买到的代用品 cas mission for aeronautical meteorology 航空气象学委员会 cfam mission foragricultural meteorology 农业气象学委员会 cfam mission for atmospheric sciences 大气科学委员会 cfas mission for basic systems (cbs) 基本系统委员会 cbs mission for climatology (l) 气候学委员会 i mission for marine meteorology 海洋气象学委员会 cfmm mission for special applications ofmeteorology.. 气象学和气候学特殊应用委员会 cfsao mission initiative in the field ofthe environ.. 欧洲共同体委员会环境领域计划 ciitfoe mittee for climate changes and the ocean 气候变化和海洋委员会 cfato mittee of international development 国际发展机构环境委员会 coid mittee of international development 国际发展机构环境委员会 coid mittee of the whole 全体委员会 cotw mon name 通用名称pacted soil 紧实土 cs pendium on low- and non-waste technologies 低废和无废技术概要 colanwt pletely halogenated 全氯化的 ch pliance 遵守 c pliance delay 延期遵守; 延期执行cd ponent 成分; 组分 c position of cfcs 氯氟碳化合物的成分coc pound organic matter 复合有机物 pressed natural gas 压缩天然气 g pression ratio 压缩比 cr pressive resistance 抗压强度; 压应力; 抗压力 cr pulsory measures 强制性措施 cm concentration basin 浓缩池; 选矿槽 cb concentration factor 浓缩系数; 富集系数 cf concentration level 浓缩水平; 富集水平 cl condensate 冷凝; 冷凝液 c conference of experts on。
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照AAC(aconstical absorption coefficient) 吸声系数AAS(atomic absorption spectrometry) 原子吸收光谱法Abs(absolute temerature) 绝对温度abs(abstracts) 摘要，提要act.std(actual standard) 现行标准AD(automatic detection) 自动检测AE(absolute error) 绝对误差aera(aeration) 曝气，充气AES(atomic emission spectrometry) 原子发射光谱法A.M(arithmetic mean) 算术平均值Am.Std(American Standard) 美国标准APCS(air pollution control system) 空气污染防治系统AQCR（air quality control region）大气质量控制区AR(analytical reagent grade) 分析试剂纯；分析纯AR(annual report) 年度报告，年报at.(atmospheric) 大气的at.(atomic) 原子的atm (atmosphere) 大气压aut.meas(automatic measurement) 自动测量avg(average) 平均，平均数AW(acid waste) 酸性废物AWT(advanced waste treatment) 废水深度处理BaP(benzo[a]pyrene) 苯并（a）芘BHC(benzene hexachloride) 六氯化苯；六BIP(biotic index of pollution) 污染生物指数BOD(biochemial oxygen demand) 生化需氧量BOD5(five day BOD) 五天生化需氧量BP(bleached pulp) 漂白纸浆Bur(bureau) 局，科；编辑部Cat (catalog(ue)) 录目；条目；CER(cation exchange resin) 阳离子交换树脂Chem(chemistry) 化学的CI(contamination index) 污染指数COD(chemical oxygen demand) 化学需氧量Co.Ltd(company limited) 有限公司Com(committee) 委员会Corp(corporation) 公司：社团法人CP(chemical pure) 化学纯DAS(Ocean Data Acquisition System) 海洋数据收集系统DC(diffusion constant) 扩散常数D.C(dust collector) 除尘器DCS(data collection system) 数据收集系统D.I(diffustion index) 扩散指数DO(dissoved oxygen) 溶解度EC(effective concentration) 有效浓度ECD(electron capture detector) 电子捕获检测ecol(ecology) 生态学E Coli(Escherichia Coli) 大肠杆菌ECS(environmental control system) 环境控制系统E.D(effective dose) 有效剂量ED(electrodialysis) 电渗析EGT(exhaust gas temperature) 排气温度EIA(environmental impact assessment) 环境影响评价EQA（environmental quality assessment）环境质量评价EROS（earth resources observation satellite）地球资源观察卫星ERTS（earth resources technology）地球资源技术EIS（environmental Impact Statement）环境影响报告（书）FCA（fluid char absorption process）流化床炭吸附法FD（fatal dose）致死剂量FPD（flame photometric detector）火焰光度检测计GC（gas chromatography）气相色谱仪GCMS（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry）气相色谱（法）GLC（gas-liguid chromatography）气液色谱（法）GNP（gross national production）国民经济总产值HC（hyprocarbon）烃，碳氢化合物iER（ion-exchange resin）离子交焕树脂Iwt（industrial waste treatment）工业废物处理IR（infra-red）红外线（的）IX（ion exchange）离子交换JIM（job instruction manual）工作说明手册L-a（lagcon）氧化塘lab（laboratory）实验室、研究室LC（liquid chromatography）液相色谱法MAC（maximum acceptable concen-tration）最大容许浓度MPC（maximum permissible concen-tration）最大容许浓度MF（membrane filter）膜滤器NAA（neutron activation analysis）中子活化分析NC（noise equivalent intensity）噪声标准值NEI（noise equivalent intensity）噪声等效强度NF（noise facfor）噪声因数NLR（noise load ratio）噪声负荷比NR（noise ratio）噪声比O-R（Oxidation-reduction）氧化-还原ORAQI（Oak Ridge Air Quality Index）橡树岭空气质量指数PCI（pollution control index）污染控制指数PDR（proliminary data report）原始数据报告PE（permissible error）容许误差PEIW（population equivalent of industrial waste water）工业废水人口当量ppm（part（s）per million）百万分之一PPP（polluter pays principle） “污染者承担”原则Proj（project）科研项目，规划、计划、方案QTR（Qualiffication Test Report）检验合格报告RBC（rotating biological contactor）生物转盘RO（reverse osmosis）反渗透RP（reserch paper）研究报告，研究论文SS（standard specification）标准规格，标准规范TD（technical data）技术数据TDS（total dissoved solid）总溶解固体T.M.(technical regulations) 技术手册TR(technical regulations) 技术规程TSS(total suspended solids) 总悬浮固体量WPI(Water quality index) 水（质）污染指数WQI(Water pollution index) 水质指数WQM(Water quality monitoring) 水质监测WRDC(Water Resources Devel-opment Center) 水资源开发中心WWT(Waste water treatment) 废水处理YB(year book) 年鉴；年刊。
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照AAC(aconstical absorption coefficient) 吸声系数AAS(atomic absorption spectrometry) 原子吸收光谱法Abs(absolute temerature) 绝对温度abs(abstracts) 摘要，提要act.std(actual standard) 现行标准AD(automatic detection) 自动检测AE(absolute error) 绝对误差aera(aeration) 曝气，充气AES(atomic emission spectrometry) 原子发射光谱法A.M(arithmetic mean) 算术平均值Am.Std(American Standard) 美国标准APCS(air pollution control system) 空气污染防治系统AQCR（air quality control region）大气质量控制区AR(analytical reagent grade) 分析试剂纯；分析纯AR(annual report) 年度报告，年报at.(atmospheric) 大气的at.(atomic) 原子的atm (atmosphere) 大气压aut.meas(automatic measurement) 自动测量avg(average) 平均，平均数AW(acid waste) 酸性废物AWT(advanced waste treatment) 废水深度处理BaP(benzo[a]pyrene) 苯并（a）芘BHC(benzene hexachloride) 六氯化苯；六BIP(biotic index of pollution) 污染生物指数BOD(biochemial oxygen demand) 生化需氧量BOD5(five day BOD) 五天生化需氧量BP(bleached pulp) 漂白纸浆Bur(bureau) 局，科；编辑部Cat (catalog(ue)) 录目；条目；CER(cation exchange resin) 阳离子交换树脂Chem(chemistry) 化学的CI(contamination index) 污染指数COD(chemical oxygen demand) 化学需氧量Co.Ltd(company limited) 有限公司Com(committee) 委员会Corp(corporation) 公司：社团法人CP(chemical pure) 化学纯DAS(Ocean Data Acquisition System) 海洋数据收集系统DC(diffusion constant) 扩散常数D.C(dust collector) 除尘器DCS(data collection system) 数据收集系统D.I(diffustion index) 扩散指数DO(dissoved oxygen) 溶解度EC(effective concentration) 有效浓度ECD(electron capture detector) 电子捕获检测ecol(ecology) 生态学E Coli(Escherichia Coli) 大肠杆菌ECS(environmental control system) 环境控制系统E.D(effective dose) 有效剂量ED(electrodialysis) 电渗析EGT(exhaust gas temperature) 排气温度EIA(environmental impact assessment) 环境影响评价EQA（environmental quality assessment）环境质量评价EROS（earth resources observation satellite）地球资源观察卫星ERTS（earth resources technology）地球资源技术EIS（environmental Impact Statement）环境影响报告（书）FCA（fluid char absorption process）流化床炭吸附法FD（fatal dose）致死剂量FPD（flame photometric detector）火焰光度检测计GC（gas chromatography）气相色谱仪GCMS（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry）气相色谱（法）GLC（gas-liguid chromatography）气液色谱（法）GNP（gross national production）国民经济总产值HC（hyprocarbon）烃，碳氢化合物iER（ion-exchange resin）离子交焕树脂Iwt（industrial waste treatment）工业废物处理IR（infra-red）红外线（的）IX（ion exchange）离子交换JIM（job instruction manual）工作说明手册L-a（lagcon）氧化塘lab（laboratory）实验室、研究室LC（liquid chromatography）液相色谱法MAC（maximum acceptable concen-tration）最大容许浓度MPC（maximum permissible concen-tration）最大容许浓度MF（membrane filter）膜滤器NAA（neutron activation analysis）中子活化分析NC（noise equivalent intensity）噪声标准值NEI（noise equivalent intensity）噪声等效强度NF（noise facfor）噪声因数NLR（noise load ratio）噪声负荷比NR（noise ratio）噪声比O-R（Oxidation-reduction）氧化-还原ORAQI（Oak Ridge Air Quality Index）橡树岭空气质量指数PCI（pollution control index）污染控制指数PDR（proliminary data report）原始数据报告PE（permissible error）容许误差PEIW（population equivalent of industrial waste water）工业废水人口当量ppm（part（s）per million）百万分之一PPP（polluter pays principle）“污染者承担”原则Proj（project）科研项目，规划、计划、方案QTR（Qualiffication Test Report）检验合格报告RBC（rotating biological contactor）生物转盘RO（reverse osmosis）反渗透RP（reserch paper）研究报告，研究论文SS（standard specification）标准规格，标准规范TD（technical data）技术数据TDS（total dissoved solid）总溶解固体T.M.(technical regulations) 技术手册TR(technical regulations) 技术规程TSS(total suspended solids) 总悬浮固体量WPI(Water quality index) 水（质）污染指数WQI(Water pollution index) 水质指数WQM(Water quality monitoring) 水质监测WRDC(Water Resources Devel-opment Center) 水资源开发中心WWT(Waste water treatment) 废水处理YB(year book) 年鉴；年刊。
环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(N
环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(N环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(N-R)环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(N-R)n标准状况例如: 200 nm3 的空气,就是在标准状况下200立方公尺的空气nn2on2o; 一氧化二氮(一般不译)nn2o3n2o3; 三氧化二氮(一般不译)nn2o4n2o4; 四氧化二氮(一般不译)nna engine自然吸气式发动机; 非增压式发动机nenaaqo国家环境空气质量目标naaqonaaqs国家环境空气质量标准naaqsnaos北大西洋海洋观测站naosnational (annual) emissions (of air pollutants) 全国每年的空气污染物排放量naeoapnational ambient air quality objective国家环境空气质量目标naaqonational ambient air quality standard国家环境空气质量标准naaqsnational degradation自然降解; 自然分解; 自然退化ndnational environment (of a species)物种的自然环境neoasnational environmental satellite service国家环境卫星局nessnational focal point (nfp)国家协调中心nfpnational mobile highway source standards国家公路移动污染源标准nmhssnational oceanic and atmospheric administration 国家海洋和大气管理署noaaanational park国家公园npnational priority list (npl)全国首要工作清单优先处理全国重大危险废物倾弃nplnative meadow天然草地nmnatural atmosphere天然大气; 自然大气nanatural chlorine生物产生的氯ncnatural cover天然覆盖物ncnatural disaster reduction减少自然灾害ndrnatural environment rehabilitation 自然环境复原; 恢复自然环境nernatural environmental stress自然环境压力; 自然环境问题nesnatural hazard plan自然风险展出计划nhpnatural monument 天然遗迹nmnatural ozone天然臭氧nonatural purification 自然净化作用; 自净npnatural rain自然雨nrnatural reservoir 天然储库nrnatural resource endowment天赋自然资源nrenatural sink天然吸收槽; 天然汇槽nsnaturally-aspirated engine (na engine) 自然吸气式发动机; 非增压式发动机naenenaturally-occurring repository天然资源储藏所nornaturally-occurring substance天然物质nosnatural-occurring substance天然物质nosnature laboratory自然实验室nlnature reserve自然保护区; 自然保留地nrnbar毫微巴nnear drop-in substitute几乎随手可得的代用品; 很容易换用的代用品ndisnear-infrared spectrum (nir)近红外光谱nirneedle tip针叶尖端ntneedle-leaved forest 针叶林nlfnephanalysis云层分析nness国家环境卫星局messnesting site营巢区; 筑巢区nsnet donator净污染者ndnet polluter净污染者npnet radiation净辐射nrnet receiver净接受者; 净进口者nrneutral and ion chemistry of the upper atmosphere 高层大气的电中性和离子化学naicotuaneutral buffered potassium iodide methode中性缓冲碘化钾溶液法neutralizer中和剂nneutrosphere电中性层nnew and renewable sources of energy 新能源和可再生能源narsoenfp国家协调中心nfpnh3nh3; 氨(一般不译)nnh4hso3; 亚硫酸氢铵(一般不译)nnh4ohnh4oh; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵(一般不译)nnic高层大气的电中性和离子化学nicnight-time ozone profile夜间臭氧垂直方向的分布不同高度的臭氧浓度ntopnir近红外光谱nirnitrate (mno3)硝酸盐nmnitrate nitrogen硝酸盐中的氮; 硝态氮nnnitrate pollution硝酸盐污染npnitrate run-offs流失硝酸盐nronitrated paper硝化纸npnitration硝化作用nnitric acid (hno3)硝酸nahnitric anhydride硝酸酐; 五氧化二氮nanitric oxide (no)氧化氮; 一氧化一氮nonnitric oxide catalysis氧化氮催化作用nocnitrile rubber丁腈橡胶nrnitrile-butadiene rubber丁腈橡胶nbrnitrobacteria硝化细菌nnitrocompound硝基化合物nnitrogen catalysis 氮催化作用ncnitrogen chemistry 氮化学ncnitrogen cycle氮循环ncnitrogen dioxide (no2) 二氧化氮ndnnitrogen fertilizer氮肥肥料nfnitrogen fixing plants 固氮植物nfpnitrogen monoxide氧化氮; 一氧化一氮nmnitrogen oxide氧化氮; 氮的氧化物nonitrogen oxide control氮氧化物控制nocnitrogen oxide radical亚硝酰基; 亚硝基nornitrogen oxide reservoir氮氧化物吸收库nornitrogen oxide sink氮氧化物吸收汇nosnitrogen oxides (nox)氮的氧化物nonnitrogen oxides protocol长程越界空气污染公约氮氧化物议定书nopnitrogen pentoxide 五氧化二氮npnitrogen peroxide二氧化氮npnitrogen pollution氮污染npnitrogen radicals含氮游离基; 含氮自由基nrnitrogen reservoir氮吸收库nrnitrogen sink氮吸收汇nsnitrogen substance含氮物质nsnitrogen tetroxide四氧化二氮ntnitrogen(-based) compound 氮化合物nbcnitrogenated氮化了的nnitrogenouz wastes含氮废物nwnitrostarch硝化淀粉nnitrous fumes亚硝烟nfnitrous oxide (n2o) 一氧化二氮; 氧化亚氮nonnitroxyl chloride硝酰氯; 硝基氯ncnitryl chloride (clno2) 硝酰氯; 硝基氯nccnmhc非甲烷烃类; 非甲烷碳氢化合物nmhcnmp非甲烷产品nmpn-nitroso compounds亚硝氨基化合物; 亚硝基同氮原子联结的化合物nncnono; 氧化氮(一般不译)nno2no2; 二氧化氮(一般不译)nno3mno3m; 硝酸盐(一般不译)nnoaa国家海洋和大气管理署noaanocturnal ozone profile夜间臭氧垂直方向的分布nopno-effect level无作用剂量; 不造成影响的水平nelnoise abatement消声; 噪声抑制; 减低噪声nanoise limits噪声限度nlnoise pollution噪声污染npnoise pollution level (npl)噪声污染级nplnoise screen噪声屏蔽nsnon-catalyst car非催化剂净化废气汽车nccnon-compliance不遵守ncnon-degradable organic compounds 不降解有机化合物ndocnon-fossil fuel非矿物燃料nffnon-fully halogenated cfc 非全卤化氯氟碳化合物nfhcnon-greenhouse gas不产生温室效应气体nggnon-indigenous外来的; 非本地的ninon-malignant非恶性的; 良性的nmnon-melanoma skin cancer非黑瘤皮肤癌nmscnon-metal非金属nmnon-methane compound非甲烷化合物nmcnon-methane hydrocarbon (nmhc) 非甲烷烃类; 非甲烷碳氢化合物nmhcnon-methane products (nmp)非甲烷产品nmpnon-miscible liquid不混溶液体nmlnon-mixing bowl pollutant不起化学反应的污染物; 非活性污染物nmbpnon-point source非点源npsnon-proprietary environmental protection technology 无产权环境保护技术npeptnon-proprietary name无产权名称npnnon-recyclable material不能重复使用的物料nrmnon-returnable packing不能再使用的包装nrpnon-reusable packing不能再使用的包装nrpnon-saturated不饱和的nsnon-selective trapping无选择性地设陷阱诱捕; 滥设陷阱诱捕nstnon-sustainable不能持续的; 不能持久的nsnon-tidal非潮汐的ntnon-treatable refuse不能处理的垃圾ntrnon-uniform flow非均匀流nufnon-use values of the environment 环境的非使用性价值nuvotenon-vascular plant无维管束植物nvpnon-waste technology (nwt)无废技术nwtnormal environmental lapse rate正常环境直减率nelrnorth atlantic drift北大西洋漂流nadnorth atlantic ocean station (naos)北大西洋海洋观测站naosnorth atlantic ocean stations (naos) agreement 北大西洋海洋观测站协定naosnanorth latitude北纬nlnorth pacific drift北太平洋漂流npdnorthern hole北方臭氧层空洞nhnorthern latitude北纬nlnorthern middle latitude 北半球中纬度nmlnorthern polar zone北极区npznorthern stratosphere 北方平流层nsnot restricted不受限制的nrnotifier通知人nnoxnox 氮的氧化物; (一般不译) nnox control approach nox的控制方法ncanox reservoirnox吸收库nrnox sinknox吸收汇nsnox stationnox监测站nsnoxious emissions有害排放物nenpl全国首要工作清单; 噪声污染级nplnrse新能源和可再生能源nrsenuisance公害; 损害nnumerical modelling centre数值模拟中心nmcnumerical weather prediction (nwp) 数值天气预报nwpnutrient (material)营养物质; 养料; 养分nmnutrient depletion养分枯竭ndnutrient leaching浸出养分; 养分沥滤nlnutrient requirement 营养需要量nrnutrient salts盐类营养物nsnutrient turnover定期补充营养ntnwp product数值天气预报的出版物npnwt无废技术nwto3o3；臭氧(一般不译) oobjectionable odour令人不愉快的气味; 恶臭ooobscuration (of smoke)烟雾的不透光性; 烟雾的不透明性oosobservational needs观测需要onobservational synthesis观测的综合工作; 综合观测结果osobserving ship station观测船站ossocean basin海洋盆地; 大洋盆地; 洋盆obocean chemistry海洋化学ococean circulation大洋环流; 海洋环流ococean data acquisition system (odas) 海洋资料收集系统odasocean disposal海洋废物处理odocean dumping危险废物倾弃于海洋odocean dynamics海洋动力学odocean eddy海洋涡流oeocean engineering海洋工程oeocean environment海洋环境oeocean floor海底; 洋底ofocean heat transport experiment (ohtex)海洋热量输送实验ohtexocean mapping绘制海洋图omocean mixed layer experiment (omlet) 海洋混合层实验omletocean pollution海洋污染opocean services海洋处osocean station海洋观测站osocean thermal energy conversion (otec) 海洋热能转换otecocean warming海洋水温升高owocean water远洋海水; 大洋海水owocean weather ship (ows)海洋天气船owsocean weather station海洋天气站owsocean(ic) science(s)海洋科学oissocean-atmosphere exchange 海洋大气间的物质能量交换oaeocean-atmosphere interaction 海洋大气相互作用oaiocean-atmosphere interface 海洋大气界面oaioceanic absorption海洋吸收oaoceanic circulation大洋环流; 海洋环流ococeanic general circulation model (ogcm) 海洋环流模式ogcmochre pollution赭石污染opoctafluorocyclobutane (c4h8)八氟环丁烷ocodas海洋资料收集系统odasodorant香料; 香味剂; 气味剂oodour nuisance令人不愉快气味; 令人讨厌的气味onodp臭氧消耗潜能值odpoffensive odour恶臭; 令人不愉快的气味oooff-gases废气; 尾气ogoff-odour气味不对; 异味; 臭味;oooff-road vehicle (orv)越野车辆orvoff-shore sewage outfall离岸入海的污水排水口ossooff-site外部; 非当地osoff-site impacts of soil erosion土壤侵蚀对其他地方的影响osioseoff-stoichiometric combustion (osc) 不按化学计量燃烧oscogcm海洋环流模式ogcm海洋热量输送实验ohtexoil boom拦油栅oboil collection vessel浮油回收船ocvoil film (on coastal waters) 沿海原油浮油油膜ofocwoil pollution control石油污染控制opcoil pollution damage石油污染损害; 油污损害oil pollution emergencies石油污染紧急情况; 石油污染事故opeoil retention barrier拦油栅orboil slick浮油; 油膜osoil spill漏油; 石油漏出osoil spill control漏油控制oscoil-fired燃油的ofolefiant gas成油气; 乙烯气ogolefins烯烃; 链烯ooligophotic zone微明区ozoligotrophic lakes缺乏养分的湖泊; 贫养湖泊ololr向外长波辐射olromlet海洋混合层实验omletonce-through非循环的; 单程的; 一次通过性的otone-dimensional paper chromatography 单向纸色谱法odpcone-waw package一次性包装; 一次使用包装owpon-scene当场; 发生事情的地点oson-shore wind向岸风; 离海风oswon-site现场; 就地oson-site processing 就地处理ospopacity不透明度; 阻光度oopen air户外; 露天oaopen burning露天焚烧obopen dump露天垃圾场odopen dumping露天倾弃odopen pasture land 开阔牧场oplopen sea公海osopen sea pollution 公海污染ospopen top chamber 开顶实验槽otcopen tree formation 开阔树林otfopen water地表水; 开阔水面owopen woodland开阔树林owopencast mining露天采矿omopen-cup test开杯试验。
环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语(A-C)
Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases
致温室效应气体问题咨询小组
AGGG
aeronautical climatology
航空气候学
AC
Aeronautical Meteorology Programme
航空气象学计划
AMP
aerosol
气溶胶; 烟雾体
A
aerosol (spray-)can
喷雾罐; 气溶胶喷罐
ASC
aerosol dispenser
气溶胶喷罐; 气溶胶发生器
AD
aerosol load
气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量
AL
AFBC
常压流化床燃烧
AFBC
AFC
区域预报中心
AFC
afforestation
造林; 绿化
A
aflatoxin
黄曲霉毒素
A
African Ministerial Conference on Environment
非洲环境问题部长级会议
AMCEN
African Ministerial Conference on Environment
非洲环境问题部长级会议
醇酸树脂
AR
alkyl aluminium halide
卤化烷基铝
AAH
alkyl nitrate
硝酸烷基酯
AN
alkyl nitrite
亚硝酸烷基酯
AN
alkylphosphonothio dihalide
烷基硫代膦酰二卤
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇
环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类;环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment 生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis 环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification 环境效应environmental effect 环境容量environmental capacity 环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值本底值environmental background value环境保护产业环保产业environmental production industry环境壁垒绿色壁垒environmental barrier绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题社会环境问题the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant 全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge可再生资源renewable resources 不可再生资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area 防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater 矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration 沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population 全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS 中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二恶英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London 水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地表水surface water水位water level下渗入渗sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层不透水层aquiclude透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水有压层间水confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水喀斯特水karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection 淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation 降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失土壤侵蚀soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution 面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物底质或底泥benthal deposit总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮红潮red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment 海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality 水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区水质功能区functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification 土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化土壤盐碱化soilsalination土壤酸化soil acidification母质土壤母质或成土母质parent material土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer 缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin 土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化土壤贫瘠化soil degeneration土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation 臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度precipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment 烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion 烟羽烟流或羽流plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance 最小因子定律law of minimum 生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress 生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock 过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎渔期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant 急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone 敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt 沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors 边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration 恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen 表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH催化催化作用catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog 大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulatesTSP飘尘可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘airborne particle降尘落尘dustfall；falling dust 气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon 溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式氧垂曲线oxygen balance model吸收剂吸附剂absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant 有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane 灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis 水质分析water quality analysis 比色分析colorimetric analysis 沉降分析sedimentation analysis 自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography 气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution 移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter 水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater 常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant 总固体total solids可吸入微粒可吸入尘和飘尘inhale particles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性重现性reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis 内标法internal marker method 定性分析qualitative analysis 定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis 相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution 水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge 超临界流体supercritical fluid 土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射光visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity 相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature 热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏亏氧量oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved 无污染燃料pollution-free fuel 燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio 烟气分析analysis of flue gas 煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal脱硫desulfurization 除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失压力降pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector 重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag housewith reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning 静电除尘electrostatic precipitator ESP电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity 集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器两段式电除尘器two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber 中心喷雾旋风洗涤器cyclone spray scrubber泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber 填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber 双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control 穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization FGD湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control ofNOxby absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with alkali 吸附法控制氮氧化物control ofNOxby adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NOx by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal 生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant 污水处理厂wastewater treatment 给水污水处理构筑物water sewagetreatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板斜管沉淀池sloping plankpipesettling tank 辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation 气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressuredissolved-air floatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process压力过滤法pressure filtrationprocess真空过滤法vacuum filtration process快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter 双层滤料滤池double layer filter 无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process 反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane 萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method废水好氧/厌氧处理biologicalaerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio 污泥容积指数sludge velum index 污泥负荷volume loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method 延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surfaceaerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter 化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tankintermittent aeration tank system需氧池－间歇池A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop process Bardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox process UCT工艺university of cape town VIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池AFanaerobic filter 厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludge blanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration 真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter 离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank 污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification 石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes 筛分screening of solid wastes 风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene环境毒理学environmental toxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease 流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease 慢性毒性chronic toxicity 急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose 卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissible concentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethalconcentrationLD50剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit valueTLV 高危人群population at high risk 易感人群susceptible population环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics 环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning 环境决策分析environmental decision analysis总量控制total discharge control of pollutant浓度控制concentration control 排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education 环境意识environmental consciousness环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment 公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects 协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area 环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system环境监测environment monitoring 环境标志environmental label清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard“三同时”制度three simultaneity system 排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent 限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system ofenvironmental pollution accident reporting中华人民共和国环境保护法Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国水污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution中华人民共和国大气污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste 中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China全国生态环境建设规划national eco-environmental construction plan全国生态环境保护纲要national compendium on eco-environmental protection地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard 大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3Rreducing, reusing, recycling生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics 外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management 集约经营intensive management 自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier 国民生产总值gross national productionGNP国民生产净值net national productionNNP国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban populationratio of used gas城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit 成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product 最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/dischargecoefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate 人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion 计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics 人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写
环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照撰写时间：2008-10-28文章作者：文章来源:AAC(aco nstical absorpti on coefficie nt) 吸声系数AAS(atomic absorptio n spectrometry) 原子吸收光谱法Abs(absolute temerature) 绝对温度abs(abstracts) 摘要，提要act.std(actual sta ndard) 现行标准AD(automatic detecti on) 自动检测AE(absolute error) 绝对误差aera(aeratio n) 曝气，充气AES(atomic emissi on spectrometry) 原子发射光谱法A.M(arithmetic mean) 算术平均值Am.Std(America n Stan dard) 美国标准APCS(air polluti on control system) 空气污染防治系统AQC( air quality con trol region ) 大气质量控制区AR(a nalytical reage nt grade) 分析试剂纯；分析纯AR(a nnual report) 年度报告，年报at.(atmospheric) 大气的at.(atomic) 原子的atm (atmosphere) 大气压aut.meas(automatic measureme nt) avg(average) AW(acid waste)AWT(adva need waste treatme nt)BaP(be nzo[a]pyre ne)BHC(be nzene hexachloride)BIP(biotic in dex of pollutio n)BOD(biochemial oxyge n dema nd)BOD5(five day BOD)BP(bleached pulp)Bur(bureau)Cat (catalog(ue))CER(cati on excha nge res in)Chem(chemistry)CI(co ntami natio n in dex)COD(chemical oxyge n dema nd)Co.Ltd(compa ny limited)Com(committee)Corp(corporati on)CP(chemical pure)DAS(Ocea n Data Acquisiti on System)自动测量平均，平均数酸性废物废水深度处理苯并（a）芘六氯化苯；六污染生物指数生化需氧量五天生化需氧量漂白纸浆局，科；编辑部录目；条目；阳离子交换树脂化学的污染指数化学需氧量有限公司委员会公司：社团法人海洋数据收集系统DC(diffusi on con sta nt)D.C(dust collectr)DCS(data collecti on system)D.I(diffustion in dex)DO(dissoved oxyge n)EC(effective concen trati on)ECD(electr on capture detector)ecol(ecology)E Coli(Escherichia Coli)ECS(e nvir onmen tal con trol system)E.D(effective dose)ED(electrodialysis)EGT(exhaust gas temperature)EIA(e nviro nmen tal impact assessme nt)EQA( en vir onmen tal quality assessme nt ) ERO( earth resources observati on satelliteERTS( earth resources tech no logy )EIS (environmental Impact Statement )FCA (fluid char absorpti on process )FD (fatal dose )FPD (flame photometric detector )扩散常数除尘器数据收集系统扩散指数溶解度有效浓度电子捕获检测生态学大肠杆菌环境控制系统有效剂量电渗析排气温度环境影响评价环境质量评价）地球资源观察卫星地球资源技术环境影响报告（书）流化床炭吸附法火焰光度检测计GC( gas chromatography )GCM ( gas chromatography-mass spectrometry )GLC( gas-liguid chromatography) 气液色谱（法）GNP( gross n ati onal producti on )国民经济总产值HC (hyprocarbon )烃，碳氢化合物iER (io n-excha nge res in )离子交焕树脂Iwt (industrial waste treatment)工业废物处理IR (infra-red )红外线（的） IX (ion exchange ) 离子交换JIM (job instruction manual )工作说明手册L-a (lagcon )氧化塘lab (laboratory )实验室、研究室LC (liquid chromatography )液相色谱法 MAC( maximum acceptable concen-trati on） 最大容许浓度 MPC( maximum permissible concen-trati on）最大容许浓度MF( membra ne filter )膜滤器NAA( n eutr on activatio n an alysis) 中子活化分析 NC (no ise equivale nt inten sity ) 噪声标准值 NEI (no ise equivale nt inten sity)噪声等效强度 NF (noise facfor )噪声因数NLR (no ise load ratio ) 气相色谱仪气相色谱（法） 噪声负荷比NR( no ise ratio )O-R (Oxidation-reduction )氧化-还原ORAQI( Oak Ridge Air Quality In dex ) 橡树岭空气质量指数PCI (pollution control index ) 污染控制指数PDR( prolim inary data report ) 原始数据报告PE (permissible error ) 谷许误差PEIW( populati on equivale nt of in dustrial waste water )工业废水人口当量ppm (part (s) per million ) 百万分之一PPP (polluter pays prin ciple ) “污染者承担”原则Proj (project ) 科研项目，规划、计划、方案QTR( Qualifficatio n Test Report ) 检验合格报告RBC( rotati ng biological con tactor ) 生物转盘RO (reverse osmosis ) 反渗透RP (reserch paper ) 研究报告，研究论文SS (standard specification ) 标准规格，标准规范TD (technical data ) 技术数据TDS( total dissoved solid ) 总溶解固体T.M.(tech nical regulati ons) 技术手册TR(tech ni cal regulatio ns) 技术规程TSS(total suspe nded solids) 噪声比总悬浮固体量WPI(Water quality in dex) 水（质）污染指数WQI(Water pollution in dex) 水质指数WQM(Water quality mon itori ng) 水质监测WRDC(Water Resources Devel-opme nt Cen ter) 水资源开发中心WWT(Waste water treatme nt) 废水处理YB(year book) 年鉴；年刊。
环境词汇英语翻译及缩略语
AAQS
ambient quality standard
环境质量标准
AQS
ambient standard
环境标准
AS
AMCEN
非洲部长级环境会议
AMCEN
amenities of the countryside
乡村的舒适
AOTC
amenity rights
舒适环境的权利;舒适权
AR
醇酸树脂
AR
alkyl aluminium halide
卤化烷基铝
AAH
alkyl nitrate
硝酸烷基酯
AN
alkyl nitrite
亚硝酸烷基酯
AN
alkylphosphonothio dihalide
烷基硫代膦酰二卤
AD
alkyne
炔;链炔烃
A
alleviating measures
缓和措施;减轻措施
AB
alicyclic
脂环族的
A
aliphatic compound
脂族化合物
ACalkadiene Nhomakorabea链二烯A
alkali metal
碱金属
AM
alkaline-earth metal
碱土金属
AEM
alkalinization
碱化;碱化作用
A
alkane
烷;链烷烃
A
alkene
烯;链烯烃
A
alkyd resins
AP
airborne system
机载系统
AS
airborne transport
大气输运
AT
environmental 单词缩写
环境保护是全球范围内的重要议题，而在这个议题中，经常会提到一个缩写词，那就是 environmental。
本文将介绍这一缩写词的含义、应用领域以及在环境保护中的重要性。
一、缩写词含义"environmental"这一单词在英语中表示环境的意思。
当我们将其缩写为"environmental"时，便是在简化表示环境保护相关的事物或概念。
这一缩写词在各个领域中都有着广泛的应用，尤其是在环境科学、环境工程和环境保护等方面。
二、应用领域1. 环境科学在环境科学中，"environmental"这一缩写词常常用于表示环境相关的因素或条件，例如"environmental factors"（环境因素）和"environmental conditions"（环境条件）等。
环境科学常常研究分析地球上的各种环境问题，而"environmental"这一缩写词则将这些问题简洁地概括了起来。
2. 环境工程环境工程是通过运用工程学原理和方法来解决环境问题的学科。
在环境工程领域中，"environmental"这一缩写词常常用于表示与环境相关的工程问题，例如"environmental impact assessment"（环境影响评估）和"environmental management"（环境管理）等。
这些内容都是与环境保护息息相关的。
3. 环境保护环境保护是"environmental"这一缩写词应用最为广泛的领域。
在环境保护工作中，"environmental"常常用于表示环境保护相关的法律、政策、行动等内容。
例如"environmental protection laws"（环境保护法律）和"environmental conservation efforts"（环境保护努力）等，都是环境保护工作中经常出现的表达。
环境科学专业词汇英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染a cid rain酸雨interaction of systems系统的交互作用environmental problem环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热 noise噪声contaminant污染物 strength强度foreign matter杂质 domestic sewage生活污水municipal wastewater城市废水 microbe微生物microorganism微生物 bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon, TOC总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染 recontamination再污染groundwater地下水 surface water地表水restriction限制 colloid胶体screening隔栅 coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝 sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤 disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒 prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒 aeration曝气softening软化 activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附 reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT)污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescibl e易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋 incineration:焚烧 composting: 堆肥 compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋 balance剩下的，余额，结余 batch-fed分批投料 refus e垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行 shut down:关闭 energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解 equalization basin调节池 aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs污泥絮体 settling tank沉淀池 dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长 pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法 soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear,touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
(完整版)环境科学与工程-专业英语词汇
环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。
环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry 环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值（本底值）environmental background value环境保护产业（环保产业）environmental production industry环境壁垒（绿色壁垒）environmental barrier 绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题（社会环境问题）the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge 可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二噁英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley 多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地表水surface water水位water level下渗（入渗）sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout 含水层aquifer 隔水层（不透水层）aquiclude 透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水（有压层间水）confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水（喀斯特水）karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失（土壤侵蚀）soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物（底质或底泥）benthal deposit 总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation 湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮（红潮）red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation 河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区（水质功能区）functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化（土壤盐碱化）soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质（土壤母质或成土母质）parent material 土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化（土壤贫瘠化）soil degeneration 土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度p recipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽（烟流或羽流）plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance最小因子定律law of minimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎（渔）期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism 耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide 氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide 植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs 多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH 催化（催化作用）catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN 干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulates(TSP)飘尘（可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘）airborne particle降尘（落尘）dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲线）oxygen balance model吸收剂(吸附剂)absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant 中和法neutralization 反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index 城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard 总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒(可吸入尘和飘尘)inhale particles 浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性(重现性)reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射(光)visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning 稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏(亏氧量)oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve 饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved无污染燃料pollution-free fuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失（压力降）pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes 电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器（两段式电除尘器）two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber 旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器]cyclone spray scrubber 泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization (FGD)湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水（污水）处理构筑物water （sewage）treatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板（斜管）沉淀池sloping plank(pipe)settling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank 颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation 拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressure dissolved-airfloatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process 真空过滤法vacuum filtration process 快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration 微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter 滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material 斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method 废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio污泥容积指数sludge velum index污泥负荷volume loading 普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator 扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator 机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter 水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system 氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tank intermittent aeration tank system(需氧池－间歇池)A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop processBardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox processUCT工艺university of cape townVIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池(AF)anaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludgeblanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder 紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays 加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter 板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press 带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge 中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation 污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology 口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissibleconcentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentration(LD50)剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit value(TLV)高危人群population at high risk易感人群susceptible population环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis 总量控制total discharge control of pollutant 浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system 环境监测environment monitoring环境标志environmental label 清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard “三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China《全国生态环境建设规划》national eco-environmental construction plan《全国生态环境保护纲要》national compendium on eco-environmental protection 地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3R(reducing, reusing, recycling)生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national production(GNP) 国民生产净值net national production(NNP)11国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas 城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security 代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control 公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education 跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china12。
环境工程专业词汇
专业术语和缩写词Aabsolutepressure(尽对压力)：以真空压力为零作为参比点测得的压力。
absorption(汲取)：一种物质被另一种物质捕捉的过程，其过程能够是溶解，也能够是相应。
absorptionfield〔汲取场〕acid(酸)：能够增加溶液氢离子浓度或者能够与碱性物质进行中和相应的物质。
acidrain(酸雨)：高于正常酸度值的落水，其酸性要紧由硫和氮氧化物空气污染所致。
acousticmaterial(隔音材料)：能够汲取和反射声能的材料，用于噪声操纵。
acre-foot〔英亩-英尺〕：表示大水量的数量单位，等于一英亩面积乘一英尺深度。
Activatedsludge(活性污泥)：污水处理厂曝气池中悬浮的或二沉底部沉淀的固体物质，大局限由“活着的〞微生物构成。
Activatedsludgeprocess〔活性污泥工艺〕：一种生物污水处理方法，利用污水和空气混合液中的微生物，吸附有机物污染物并将其转化为稳定物质的过程。
Adiabaticlapserate(尽热递减率)：随着高度升高，环境温度随之落低。
Adsorption(吸附作用)：一种物理过程，指水污染物或大气污染物在固体材料表层的接触和被捕捉，固体材料常见的是活性炭。
Advancedtreatment(深度处理)：指在污水二级处理后或二级处理中的净华工艺，要紧往除营养物或悬浮物以及溶解性有机物，也称为污水三级处理。
Aeration(曝气)：空气与水和污水混合用于水处理的物理过程。
Aerobe(好氧微生物)：需要有氧环境生存和生殖的微生物。
Aerobic(好氧的)：存在空气或分子氧的条件。
Aerosol(气溶胶)：悬浮于空气的细小颗粒或液珠。
Airqualityindex(空气质量指数)：介于0—500的等分数，由美国环保局每日公布，告知公众当地的大气质量。
指数由五种要紧污染物构成。
指数越高，空气污染越严重。
Algea〔藻〕：悬浮于水中的微小单细胞植物，也称浮游植物。
环境科学专业词汇英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染a cid rain酸雨interaction of systems系统的交互作用environmental problem环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热 noise噪声contaminant污染物 strength强度foreign matter杂质 domestic sewage生活污水municipal wastewater城市废水 microbe微生物microorganism微生物 bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids SS固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids VSS挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon; TOC总有机碳chemical oxygen demand; COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand; BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染 recontamination再污染groundwater地下水 surface water地表水restriction限制 colloid胶体screening隔栅 coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝 sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤 disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒 prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒 aeration曝气softening软化 activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附 reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time HRT 水力停留时间sludge residence time SRT污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescibl e易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋 incineration:焚烧 composting: 堆肥 compaction: 压实;紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋 balance剩下的;余额;结余 batch-fed分批投料 refus e垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行 shut down:关闭 energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解 equalization basin调节池 aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs污泥絮体 settling tank沉淀池 dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长 pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法 soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see; hear;touch; smell; and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境;我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的..2、Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical; chemical; or biologicalcharacteristics of the air; water; or land that can harmfully affect the health; survival; or activities of humans or other living organisms污染可以定义为大气、水或者土壤在物理、化学或者生物方面的特征所产生的不愉快的变化;它对人类的健康、生存和活动或者其他的有机体都产生了有害的影响..3、Two examples of interaction between systems that cause major environmental disturbances arepresented-the buildup of atmospheric carbon dioxide; a global problem; and the acid rain problem;normally of regional nature目前大气中二氧化碳的增多;是一个全球性的问题;还有酸雨问题;一般来说它都具有一定的区域特性;这就是两个关于系统之间的相互联系而产生重大环境问题的例子..4、With these improvements; however; have come disturbing side effects; such as lost arable land;disappearing forests; environmental pollution; and new organisms resistant to controls.经过这些进步;尽管还是有一些破坏性的影响;例如耕地、森林的消失;环境的污染和新的生物反抗的控制5、Both phenomena; urbanization and industrialization; were and are fundamental causes of water andair pollution which the cities of that time were unable to handle.城市化和工业化两者的现象;是过去和现在水污染和大气污染的根本原因;在过去这些城市是处理不了的6、Rapid advances in technology for the treatment of water and the partial treatment of wastewatertook place in the developed countries over the next few decades.在接下来的几十年理发达国家;在水治理和部分废水治理技术方面都取得了快速的进展..1、What Is Air Pollution Air pollution is normally defined as air that contains one or more chemicalsin high enough concentrations to harm humans; other animals; vegetation or materials. There are two major types of air pollutants .A primary air pollutant is a chemical added directly to the air that occurs in a harmful concentration. It can be a natural air component; such as carbon dioxide;that rises above its normal concentration; or something not usually found in the air; such as a lead compound emitted by cars burning leaded gasoline. A secondary air pollutant is a harmful chemical formed in the atmosphere through a chemical reaction among air components. Serious air pollution usually results over a city or other area that is emitting high levels of pollutants during a period of air stagnation. The geographic location of some heavily populated cities; such as Los Angeles and Mexico City; makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup什么是大气污染大气污染一般定义为含有一种或多种浓度足够高得而且对人类、其他动物、植物或者物质产生有害影响的物质;有两种主要类型的大气污染;一次大气污染是一种化学物质直接排放到大气中并达到一定的有害浓度;他可以是空气仲的自然组分;例如二氧化碳;当它的浓度升高到超过它的正常值时;或者一些平常在大气中找不到的组分;例如汽车燃烧含铅汽油而导致大气中散发出一些化合物..二次大气污染物是指在大气中通入现有组分间发生的化学反应而产生的一种有害化学物质..严重的大气污染通常是在静风条件下经过一段时间后结果一个城市或其他地区的大气中有高浓度的污染物..一些人口非常稠密的城市的地理位置;例如洛杉矶和墨西哥的地理位置;使得它们经常特别易受空气流动停滞和污积物的增加的影响..1、The most severe consequence of CO2 induced global warming would be melting of the polar ice capsand he subsequent rise of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains. 二氧化碳导致全球变暖最严重的后果将会是两极冰块的融化和海平面的上升以及沿海地区洪水的泛滥..2、Although global warming from the already elevate levels of atmospheric CO2 has been predicted bymost climatic models; such a warming has not been empirically observed.虽然全球气候变暖已经是通过大气仲CO2的浓度升高而被许多气候模型而预测得到;如此的一种变暖还没有以经验为主地观察3、Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate; they unfortunatelycoincide with increased industrialization and pollution虽然他们指出表面温度和气候的平均趋势;但是他们不幸地与工业化增加和污染相一致4、High biomass systems: Many current approaches to high biomass system employ a combination of fixedfilm suspended biomass in the process. High biomass systems have gained a certain popularity in Europe. During the past few years; a number of investigations undertaken in the Federal Republic of Germany have been reported. Among the advantages attributed to such systems have been improvements in nitrification performance; sludge settleability; and effluent quality.高生物质系统：现在很多应用在高生物质系统的方法是生物质固定膜上的组合工艺法..高生物质系统在欧洲得到了广泛的普及;在过去的几年里;由德国联邦政府着手的大量调查研究都被报道;在这样的优势归因于系统已经改善了硝化性能;污泥的沉降性和出水水质5、Reasons for selecting high biomass systems over construction of additional aeration tanks andclarifiersor other secondary treatment process include reduced space requirements; increased process stability; and capital/operating cost savings.选择高生物质系统的原因是在传统的曝气池和澄清池或者其他二次处理工艺的构筑物中都有减少空间的需要;增加工艺的稳定性能和节省操作费用6、High biomass systems call for installation of supplemental equipment over that contained in aconventional activated sludge plant; More installed equipment generally implies more maintenance;and; to some extent; this is true for some of the systems. In addition; the presence of both suspended and fixed biomass forms and higher biomass concentrations may require a certain level of additional operator time to achieve optimum system performance.高生物质系统需要安装辅助设备在那些常规的活性污泥厂里面;很多安装的设备一般需要较多的维修费用;在某些程度上;对于一些系统来说这是真的;除此之外;现场的悬浮和固定的生物质的形式和高生物质浓度都需要一个合适程度的额外操作时间来达到最佳的系统性能..7、The presence of inert support media and higher biomass concentrations in these systems can increaseoverall power consumption. To achieve desired mixing patterns in retrofitted aeration tanks; power input may have to be increased. Also; the presence of additional biomass increases system oxygen requirements which; in turn; requires additional power input. In addition; high biomass systems generally yield higher levels of nitrification; which also can affect overall power consumption.Such factors should be addressed when analyzing operating costs. 这些系统的惰性支持介质和较高的生物量集中的出现能增加全部的耗电量..为了达到在曝气池改进理想混合模型;使输入有力量可能必须被增加..同时另外生物量的出现增加系统氧需求;依次需要额外的电源输入..除此之外;高生物质系统一般达到较高的硝化水平;也能影响全部的耗电量..当分析操作费用的时候;如此的因素应该被提到..英译中1、Typical waste generation facilities; activities; or locations associated with each of these sourcesare presented in Table1. The types of wastes generated; which are discussed next; are also identified.固体废弃物的来源与设备、活动和土地有关的每一个这些来源在Table1中呈现;废弃物类型的产生;然后被讨论;也被识别2、Hazardous Wastes Chemical; biological; flammable; explosive; or radioactive wastes that pose asubstantial danger; immediately or over time; to human; plant; or animal life are classified as hazardous. Typically; these wastes occur as liquids; but they are often found in the form of gases;solids; or sledges. In all cases; these wastes must be handled and disposed of with great care and caution.危险废物：化学的、生物的、易燃的、易爆的或者放射性的废弃物在迅速或者一段时间对人类、植物和动物生态被归类未危险物;典型地;这些废物是以液态形式出现;但是它们通常也被发现一气体、固体或污泥的形式存在..总的来说;对于这些废弃物的处理和处置需要持以认真和谨慎的态度..中译英：1、饮食废物的重要特点在于它具有易腐烂性;尤其在温暖天气里;会极快地腐烂..The important characteristics of fooddiscard lieses in its hasing easily putrefied; will be very quickly putrefied particularly in warm weather..2、除了在家庭产生饮食废物外;在自助食堂、饭馆、医院和监狱等机构;以及诸如批发、零售等食品市场;均会产生大量的饮食废物..In addition to producing a food discard at family; in the self-help dining room; restaurant;hospital and etc. organization in jail; and food market such as wholesale; retail price; all will produce a great deal of food discard.。
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇Happy childhood is the best, June 12, 2023环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类;环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area 环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry环境土壤学environmental soil science 环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值本底值environmental background value环境保护产业环保产业environmental production industry环境壁垒绿色壁垒environmental barrier绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题社会环境问题the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution 排污收费pollution charge可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewable resources 自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二恶英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident 骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation 地表水surface water 水位water level 下渗入渗sinking 蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层不透水层aquiclude透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水有压层间水confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水喀斯特水karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失土壤侵蚀soil and water loss 点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物底质或底泥benthal deposit 总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal 海底采样sea floor sample赤潮红潮red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body 水环境保护功能区水质功能区functional district of water environment 土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity 土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化土壤盐碱化soil salination 土壤酸化soil acidification母质土壤母质或成土母质parent material土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage 灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化土壤贫瘠化soil degeneration 土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度precipitation intensity 大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity 事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust 温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽烟流或羽流plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance最小因子定律law of minimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide 植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing 猎渔期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test 预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model 防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect 城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH催化催化作用catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulatesTSP飘尘可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘airborne particle降尘落尘dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility 聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式氧垂曲线oxygen balance model吸收剂吸附剂absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent 无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane 硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method 高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources 无污染工艺pollution-free technology 无污染装置pollution-free installation 污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index 毒理学污染指标physical pollution index 化学污染指标chemical pollution index 细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis 环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒可吸入尘和飘尘inhale particles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性重现性reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis 排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution水体自净self-purification of water body 水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion 土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge 超临界流体supercritical fluid 土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射光visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏亏氧量oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved无污染燃料pollution-free fuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particle collection efficiency 分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失压力降pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector重力沉降室gravity settling chamber 惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning 静电除尘electrostatic precipitator ESP 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes 宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器两段式电除尘器two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器cyclone spray scrubber泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization FGD 湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD 干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by adsorption 分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with molecular sieve 硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水污水处理构筑物water sewagetreatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank 平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank 斜板斜管沉淀池sloping plankpipesettling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank 竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank 颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation 拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressure dissolved-airfloatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process压力过滤法pressure filtration process 真空过滤法vacuum filtration process 快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer 膜分离法membrane separation method 半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane 电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane 萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation 软化水处理softening water treatment 石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process 回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentationbasin曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio污泥容积指数sludge velum index 污泥负荷volume loading 普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method延时曝气法extended aeration method 加速曝气法accelerant aeration method 深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator 扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture 活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pond ICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tank intermittent aeration tank system需氧池－间歇池A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop process Bardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox processUCT工艺university of cape townVIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池AFanaerobic filter 厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process 厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor 氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludge blanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual 折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process 污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes 城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes 城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste 声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology 口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation 病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissible concentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentrationLD50剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit valueTLV高危人群population at high risk易感人群susceptible population 环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis总量控制total discharge control of pollutant浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality 环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information 环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system环境监测environment monitoring环境标志environmental label清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law 环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment 环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard“三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting中华人民共和国环境保护法Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国水污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution 中华人民共和国大气污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China全国生态环境建设规划national eco-environmental construction plan全国生态环境保护纲要national compendium on eco-environmental protection地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3Rreducing, reusing, recycling生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account 可持续发展sustainable development 公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national productionGNP国民生产净值net national productionNNP国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting 影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio 环境效益environmental benefit成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis 环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security代际公平equality between generation 末端控制terminal control公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient 累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle 资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate人口死亡率population mortality rate 人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education 跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
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环境科学常用词汇英文缩写英汉对照
撰写时间：2008-10-28 文章作者：文章来源：
AAC(aconstical absorption coefficient) 吸声系数
AAS(atomic absorption spectrometry) 原子吸收光谱法Abs(absolute temerature) 绝对温度
abs(abstracts) 摘要，提要act.std(actual standard) 现行标准
AD(automatic detection) 自动检测AE(absolute error) 绝对误差
aera(aeration) 曝气，充气AES(atomic emission spectrometry) 原子发射光谱法A.M(arithmetic mean) 算术平均值
Am.Std(American Standard) 美国标准
APCS(air pollution control system) 空气污染防治系统AQCR（air quality control region）大气质量控制区AR(analytical reagent grade) 分析试剂纯；分析纯AR(annual report) 年度报告，年报
at.(atmospheric) 大气的
at.(atomic) 原子的
atm (atmosphere) 大气压
aut.meas(automatic measurement) 自动测量
avg(average) 平均，平均数AW(acid waste) 酸性废物
AWT(advanced waste treatment) 废水深度处理BaP(benzo[a]pyrene) 苯并（a）芘BHC(benzene hexachloride) 六氯化苯；六BIP(biotic index of pollution) 污染生物指数
BOD(biochemial oxygen demand) 生化需氧量
BOD5(five day BOD) 五天生化需氧量
BP(bleached pulp) 漂白纸浆
Bur(bureau) 局，科；编辑部
Cat (catalog(ue)) 录目；条目；
CER(cation exchange resin) 阳离子交换树脂
Chem(chemistry) 化学的
CI(contamination index) 污染指数COD(chemical oxygen demand) 化学需氧量
Co.Ltd(company limited) 有限公司
Com(committee) 委员会Corp(corporation) 公司：社团法人
CP(chemical pure) 化学纯
DAS(Ocean Data Acquisition System) 海洋数据收集系统
DC(diffusion constant) 扩散常数
D.C(dust collectr) 除尘器
DCS(data collection system) 数据收集系统
D.I(diffustion index) 扩散指数
DO(dissoved oxygen) 溶解度
EC(effective concentration) 有效浓度
ECD(electron capture detector) 电子捕获检测ecol(ecology) 生态学
E Coli(Escherichia Coli) 大肠杆菌
ECS(environmental control system) 环境控制系统
E.D(effective dose) 有效剂量
ED(electrodialysis) 电渗析
EGT(exhaust gas temperature) 排气温度
EIA(environmental impact assessment) 环境影响评价EQA（environmental quality assessment）环境质量评价EROS（earth resources observation satellite）地球资源观察卫星ERTS（earth resources technology）地球资源技术
EIS（environmental Impact Statement）环境影响报告（书）FCA（fluid char absorption process）流化床炭吸附法
FD（fatal dose）致死剂量
FPD（flame photometric detector）火焰光度检测计
GC（gas chromatography）气相色谱仪GCMS（gas chromatography-mass spectrometry）气相色谱（法）GLC（gas-liguid chromatography）气液色谱（法）GNP（gross national production）国民经济总产值
HC（hyprocarbon）烃，碳氢化合物
iER（ion-exchange resin）离子交焕树脂
Iwt（industrial waste treatment）工业废物处理
IR（infra-red）红外线（的）
IX（ion exchange）离子交换
JIM（job instruction manual）工作说明手册
L-a（lagcon）氧化塘
lab（laboratory）实验室、研究室
LC（liquid chromatography）液相色谱法
MAC（maximum acceptable concen-tration）最大容许浓度MPC（maximum permissible concen-tration）最大容许浓度MF（membrane filter）膜滤器NAA（neutron activation analysis）中子活化分析NC（noise equivalent intensity）噪声标准值NEI（noise equivalent intensity）噪声等效强度NF（noise facfor）噪声因数
NLR（noise load ratio）噪声负荷比
NR（noise ratio）噪声比
O-R（Oxidation-reduction）氧化-还原ORAQI（Oak Ridge Air Quality Index）橡树岭空气质量指数PCI（pollution control index）污染控制指数PDR（proliminary data report）原始数据报告
PE（permissible error）容许误差PEIW（population equivalent of industrial waste water）
工业废水人口当量
ppm（part（s）per million）百万分之一
PPP（polluter pays principle）“污染者承担”原则Proj（project）科研项目，规划、计划、方案
QTR（Qualiffication Test Report）检验合格报告
RBC（rotating biological contactor）生物转盘RO（reverse osmosis）反渗透
RP（reserch paper）研究报告，研究论文SS（standard specification）标准规格，标准规范TD（technical data）技术数据TDS（total dissoved solid）总溶解固体
T.M.(technical regulations) 技术手册
TR(technical regulations) 技术规程
TSS(total suspended solids) 总悬浮固体量
WPI(Water quality index) 水（质）污染指数WQI(Water pollution index) 水质指数WQM(Water quality monitoring) 水质监测WRDC(Water Resources Devel-opment Center) 水资源开发中心WWT(Waste water treatment) 废水处理
YB(year book) 年鉴；年刊。