GMAT作文模版

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GMAT写作模板

GMAT写作模板Argument部分：段落1：引言1.概要陈述争议的事实和论据的结构。

2. 例如：“The argument presents the idea that... It is based on the assumption that...”段落2：介绍论据和陈述缺陷1.指出论据的主体内容。

2.指出缺陷或者假设的问题。

3. 例如：“However, the argument fails to consider... This assumption is questionable because...”段落3：进一步讨论缺陷和提供支持1.进一步讨论上一段所提到的缺陷。

2.提供支持是为什么缺陷是不可信的。

3. 例如：“Moreover, the argument ignores... This indicates that the assumption made in the argument is unreliable because...”段落4：提供替代解释或者建议1.提供替代的解释来解释所提出的现象。

2.提出建议或者措施来完善论据。

3. 例如：“Therefo re, it is possible that... Instead, the argument could be strengthened by...”段落5：总结1.总结上述观点。

2.重申为什么论据是无效的。

3. 例如：“In conclusion, the argument is flawed due to... By addressing these issues, the argument would be more convincing.”Issue部分：段落1：引言1.概述对待争议问题的观点。

2. 例如：“The issue concerns the idea that... There are people who support this view, while others maintain that...”段落2：列举支持观点的论据1.列举一些支持自己观点的论据。

2024管综考研英语作文模板

2024管综考研英语作文模板Introduction。

The 2024 Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is a crucial step for many students who are pursuing a master's degree in business administration. As a part of the exam, the English writing section is an important component that requires careful preparation. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive template for writing the GMAT English essay, which will help students to effectively structure their thoughts and produce well-organized and coherent essays.Paragraph 1: Introduction。

The first paragraph should introduce the topic of the essay and provide some background information. It should also clearly state the writer's position or opinion on the topic.Paragraph 2: Main Idea 1。

The second paragraph should present the first main idea or argument in support of the writer's position. This paragraph should include specific examples, evidence, and reasoning to support the main idea.Paragraph 3: Main Idea 2。

GMAT考试写作 6分模板

文章总模板（1）In this XXX (argument), the author concludes that 结论主张目标, citing the fact/reason that前提事实原因一. What’s more, the author points out that 前提事实原因二. While this argument seems reasonable, it is nevertheless unacceptable to embrace the credibility of this argument after careful scrutiny.（2）In the first place, it is mentioned that …… The author unfairly assumes that ……Therefore, it is highly doubtful that ……（3）In the second place, stated in this argument is a fact that…… The author's conclusion relie s on the gratuitous assumption that ……Therefore, in face of such limited evidence, the conclusion turns out to be less well backed.（4）Last but not the least, the author tells us the conclusion that…… He or she might have been attempting to mislead us int o believing that …...Therefore, with no regard to …… (all of these and other possibilities/differences/a thorough cost-benefit analysis), it is fallacious to draw the conclusion at all.（5）After analyzing the reasoning line and the use of evidence in this argument, it requires more improvement in several aspects. Instead of simply relying on the evidence given so far, the author ought to provide credible evidence about , eliminate other factors that may result in , or take into account other issues discussed above.调查问题In the first place, one possible problem in this argument involves the survey itself. As weall know, the smaller the sample size is, the less reliable the result of the survey is. So, if the number of the participants in the survey is too small, it will be highly doubtful whether the conclusion is credible. In addition, the author provides no evidence to ensure that those who responded to the survey are representative of the whole group. Those who were more interested in XX might be more likely to respond to the questionnaire. Due to the lack of randomness and representativeness in the survey sample, the statistical reliability of the survey will be really dubious.内容补充(1) assume/assumption that + (2) However+1) 他因(1) B is determined solely by A. While A is a seemingly important element in determining B, it is hardly the only or even necessarily required one. (2) The author omits the possibility of other alternative facts that …… It is entirely possible that .... It is equally pos sible that .... Moreover, perhaps ....2) 他果(1) A will solely result in B. While B is a seemingly possible result of A, it is hardly the only one. (2) The author omits the possibility of other alternative facts that …… It is entirely possible that .... It is equally possible that .... Moreover, perhaps ....3) 错误类比(1) A is analogous to B in all aspects. (2) It is clear that the author fails to take into account the possible differences between these two ……4) 时地全等(1) X would remain unchanged over/sinc e… (or at different locations) (2) The fact that happened (n years ago) is not a sound evidence to draw a conclusion that …… In addition, it is possible that this trend will fluctuate or even reverse in the future.5) 时序因果/无因果(1) B is due to A, just because B happened after A. (2) There is no sufficient evidence to bolster the assumption that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between A and B.6) 二者择一(1) A and B are mutually exclusive alternatives. (2) Common sense and observation tell us that combining both A and B might achieve better effects.7) 成本收益(1) the (construction) of XXX will solely bring some benefit such as …… (2) This assumption fails to take into account the increase in cost and inefficiency that could result from XXX“a thorough cost-benefit analysis”假设错误assume 现写However + ……(1) There is no sufficient evidence to bolster the assumption that ……(2) There is, however, no guarantee that this is true, nor does the author provide any evidence to substantiate this assumption.。

GMAT考试作文精品模板推荐(4)

第一段: 选择1In the argument, the author concludes that … T o support his conclusion, the author cites the study indicating that …/the author points out/reasons that … In addition, the author mentions (the evidence) that … Based on this evidence, the author further r ecommends that …(subjunctive动词原形)/recommends …(doing). At first glance, the analysis appears thorough and compelling. However, a close/careful examination reveals various logical flaws which render the author’s line of reasoning questionable.选择2… (陈述同选择1) After a careful examination, I find that the argument, apparently compelling, is not well supported by the evidence.最后一段：选择1By way of conclusion, it seems that the author’s conclusion that … is seriously undermined by the (numerous) flaws in his reasoning identified above. T o substantiate/strengthen the argument, the author would have to provide clear/concrete/solid/credible evidence that … In addition, the author should take into consideration that … Unless these key issues are properly addressed, the argument isn’t sound and convincing.选择2T o sum up, it is imprudent for the author to draw the conclusionthat … solely on the basis of the evidence presented, which is insufficient to lend strong support to what the author claims.// It is clear that the author fails to provide more credible evidence to support his conclusion that … T o make this analysis more thorough, the author must firstly investigate … (sth.) and then provide evidence that (1) … , and (2) … T o better assess/evaluate the argument, I would also need to know whether …各种推理错误：A. 错误地认定某趋势会一直延续下去In the argument, the authors stated that … Although the trend/tendency cited in the study has remained stable for the past 10 years, there is no guarantee that it/the same trend will continue over the next 20 years. The study’s results can hardly be used to predict the future. It is entirely possible/very likely that … If that is the case, … Thus the credibility of the author’s assertion is called into question.Even if the trend given in the argument will be true over the next 20 years, /Even if we grant the preceding assumption that … , /Even supposing that the same trend will continue over the next 20 years, ……B. 错误地认为某一事物的程度大到足以引起某些变化The author attri butes … to the fact that … However, this line of reasoning is problematic, since no evidence is provided concerning the extent/degree to which … Perhaps … Or it is possible that … Either ofthese scenarios, if true, will render this connection worthless/doubtful.C. 错误地认为X就是由Y引起的，忽视了其他可能原因In the argument, the author ascribes X to the fact that/claims that … However, it is not necessarily the case. This alone does not constitute a logical argument in favor of …// Many other factors may equally contribute to the results/could bring out the same results/may account for/affect ... // While … is one way to achieve the results, it is by no means the only way. For instance, … The argument is unsound/unwarranted until such possibilities are taken into account/considered and ruled out. // Without solid evidence linking X to Y, it is presumptuous to suggest that Y is totally responsible for these results.D. 错误地认为Y发生在X前，X就是Y引起的;错误地将同时发生的X与Y认为成由因果联系T o begin with, the author unfairly assumes that … is the cause of sth. cited. The sequence of these events, by themselves, is not sufficient to demonstrate that the former causes the latter because a chronological relationship is only one of the indicators of a causal relationship between two events./ Howeve r, the mere fact that … precedes … is insufficient to conclude that it causes these events. Perhaps … Moreover, … may not necessarily indicate that … It is also highly possible that … No additional evidence linking … and … is offered in the argument, makin g for the possibility that these events are not causally related but merelycoincident.E. 错误的一概适用/横向对比Even if … it does not follow that … According to the author, X is analogous to Y in all respects. A thorough analysis reveals, however, that the differences between X and Y outweigh the similarities, thus making the analogy less than valid. For example, … affect X’s results but are virtually absent in Y. These differences may weaken a conclusion based on the analogy between X and Y /weaken the conclusion that X will suffer from the same fate as Y is.F. 错误地由某些原则/理论推出某一事物应该被重视、被选择Finally, even if … will be true/ is guaranteed, it doesn’t stand that … should/will … The author unfairly applies the general principle to a specific field/industr y. What if … Lacking information about …, it is imprudent for the author to assert that …G. 错误地从某一数据/样本中得出结论… the statistics cited in support of the final conclusion that … could be misleading. Although …, …might spend more in terms of the actua l amount. Therefore there is no way to …【percentage≠the actual amount】【sales≠profits】H. 无端假设Most conspicuously, the argument rests on the gratuitous assumption that… This assumption is weak, since no evidence ispresented to establish that … (opposing possibilities) // This assumption is dubious in two aspects. For one thing, … For another, …以上为大家推荐了一些GMAT作文考试的实用模板，考生可以适当参考，并通过大量的写作练习来逐步提高自己的GMAT作文的写作水平，从而在GMAT考试中取得更好的成绩。

GMAT作文满分模板

AA作文模版一、开头段(Based upon a survey that……) The statement draws a conclusion that…….Several reasons are offered in support of this argument.First of all, the author cites the fact that .................What’s more ,the author points out that ................In addition, he infers that……(用于中间结论)At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be some what convincing, but further reveals that it omits some important concerns to make the argument sound. In my opinion, the argument suffers from N logical flaws.二、结尾段Based on the reasons I listed above, this argument is dubious/unwarranted/ unconvincing as it stands. To strengthen the conclusion, the author would have to provide evidence…….to support the conclusion. Meanwhile, it is important to rule out other possibilities that might lead to the same result and take other issues mentioned into consideration, this argument would have been much more thorough and logically acceptable.三、中间段（记住七宗罪：养（样本不足）姐（结论错误）饮（因果无关）泪（错误类比/横向比较都一样）二（二选一、非此即彼）等（等时等地/纵向比较都一样）茶（调查错误）大体结构：1）First of all, Secondly, Furthermore, Last but not least2）任选一句the author concludes that….however, this is a very weak claim as(because) ..it is highly doubtful that..the assumption fails to take into account that..the author unfairly assumes that..Another problem is that..（较为特殊，仅能在除第一段以外的段落使用）3）for example，…it is unlikly that..4）Therefore/as a result/ Accordingly/Consequentlythe reasoning is wrong unless …without further evidence, that author cannot concludes that…without further evidence, the claim that… is groundless.还是举个例子，第二段的写法：Secondly，Another problem is that.. for example，…Therefore，the reasoning is wrong unless …1、养----样本不足（insufficient sample）1）调查样本大小不足不具有代表性One problem of the argument is the research/survey itself. The number of participants reveals a small sample that is insufficient to represent the XX group and might deflect the actual result. For example…..(举出其他的可能情况).Unless the author can show that A1 is representative of all A, the conclusion that B… is completely unwarranted.2）Misapplied Generalization（大范围推小范围）(A发生----关于A中A1结论) The author’s conclusion/prediction relies on the gratuitous assumption that 大范围applies specifically to 小范围. There is, however, no guarantee that this is the case, nor does the author provide any evidence to substantiate this assumption. Just as likely, 小范围….( is just in the opposite direction). In that case, the author’s conclusion/recommendation might amount to especially poor advice.3）时间样本不足However, a mere recent one-year A is insufficient to claim that... Statistics from such limited anecdotal evidence is not a good indicator for this trend.2、姐----结论错误3、泪---错误类比（横向即跟别人比）（based on a false analogy）the argument has also committed a false analogy fallacy. The argument rests on the assumption that A is analogous to B in all respects and failing to take into account the possible differences between these two.... In fact, it is highly doubtful that the facts drawn from B are applicable to A. Differences between A and B clearly out weight the similarities. It is possible that B is unlikely to experience the same consequence if it adopts A’s strategies. For example, …all affects A but are virtually absent in B. ...(A however B)....Therefore, without providing sufficient information showing that most or even all of the conditions in A&B is similar or the same, the author cannot convince me that ...which is efficient in A can also be efficient in B as well.4.饮---因果错误(Correlation to Causation)1）因果无联系（时序因果、因果倒置）+有他因（举例）（时序因果）The author unfairly assums that B is due to A just because B happened after A/ A coincided with B.However, there is no sufficient evidence which can substantiate the assumption that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between A and B.The author provided no more reliable evidence to rule out other possible attributes that might also lead to this result. For instance,...........(列举他因)In short, without considering and ruling out all of these and other possibilities, the credibility of the author’s conclusion is really open to doubt（因果倒置）it is possible that the author confuses cause with effect respecting B. Perhaps A was a response to B. Since the author may fails to account for this possibility. The claim is completely unwarranted.2)有他因Casual Oversimplification（因素A不一定会导致某结果B 有他因/ B结果的发生还有其他的原因）The author unfairly assumes that B determined solely by A. While A is a seemingly important element in determining B, it is hardly the only or even necessarily required one. the author fails to eliminate other possibilities (other possible factors)Forexample….. Therefore, this argument is unwarranted unless other factors relevant have been considered and ruled out.3)无端假设The argument rests on a gratuitous assumption that if only A happens, B is bound to happen. The author, however, failed proving the assumption justified because no further evidence was cited. For example….. It is likely that …………it is also likely th at ……………Therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling out such possibility.比如说某国增加sugar的出口量来解决贸易赤字问题，sugar出口的增加一定会导致trade deficit减少吗，可以举个反例啥的，例如该国的进口一直在大幅上升，sugar那点出口增加根本盖不住。

GMAT优秀英语作文

GMAT优秀英语作文GMAT优秀英语作文范文Sample Essay 2:In this argument the author concludes that drinking Saluda Natural Spring Water is preferable to drinking tap water. Three reasons are offered in support of this conclusion: SNSW contains several of the minerals necessary for good health, it is pletely tree of bacteria, and residents of Saludathe town where it is bottledare hospitalized less frequently than the national average. This argument is unconvincing because it relies on avariety of dubious assumptions.The first questionable assumption underlying this argument that tap water does not contain the minerals in question and is not pletely free of bacteria. This assumption is not supported in the argument. If tap wateris found to contain the same minerals and to be free of bacteria, the authors conclusion is substantially undermined.A second assumption of the argument is that the water residents of Saluda drink is the same as SNSW. Lacking evidence to the contrary, it is possible that Saluda is not the source of the bottled water but is merely the place where SNSW is bottled. No evidence is offered in the argument to dispute this possibility.Finally, it is assumed without argument that the reason residents are hospitalized less frequently than thenational average is that they drink SNSW. Again, no evidence is offered to support this assumption. Perhaps the residents are hospitalized less frequently because they are younger than the national average, because they are all vegetarians, or because they exercise daily. That is, there might be other reasons than the one cited to aount for this disparity.。

关于GMAT优秀作文模板

关于GMAT优秀作文精选模板39. It is difficult for people to achieve professional suess without sacrificing important aspects of a fulfilling personal life.Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.Are professional suess and a fulfilling personal life mutually exclusive? Probably not, although it is more difficult today to achieve both.Undeniably, todays professionals must work long hours to keep their heads above water , let alone to get ahead in life financially. This is especially true in Japan, where cost of living, coupled with corporate culture, pel professional males to all but abandon their families and literally to work themselves to death. While the situation here in the states may not be as critical, the two-ine family is now the norm, not by choice but by necessity.However, our societys professionals are taking steps to remedy the problem. First, they are inventing wayssuch as job sharing and telemuting to ensure that personal life does not take a backseat to career. Second, they aresetting priorities and living those hours outside the workplace to the fullest. In fact, professional suessusually requires the same time-management skills that are useful to find time for family, hobbies, and recreation. One need only look at the recent American presidentsClinton, Bush, Reagan, and Carterto see that it is possible to leada balanced life which includes time for family, hobbies,and recreation, while immersed in a busy and suessful career. Third, more professionals are changing careers to ones which allow for some degree of personal fulfillmentand self-actualization . Besides, many professionals truly love their work and would do it without pensation, as a hobby. For them, professional fulfillment and personal fulfillment are one and the same .。

管理类联考作文万能模板及范文

管理类联考作文万能模板及范文英文回答：How to Structure an Essay for the Graduate Management Aptitude Test (GMAT)。

The GMAT essay is a crucial component of the exam, requiring test-takers to demonstrate their analytical writing and critical thinking skills. To maximize your score, it is essential to structure your essay effectively. Here's a comprehensive guide on how to structure a GMAT essay:1. Introduction。

Begin with a strong hook that captures the reader's attention.State the topic and your thesis statement clearly.Provide a brief overview of the structure of your essay.2. Body Paragraphs。

Organize your points into distinct paragraphs, each supporting a different aspect of your thesis.Use strong topic sentences to introduce each paragraph.Provide evidence and examples to support your claims.Use logical transitions between paragraphs to ensure a coherent flow.3. Conclusion。

GMAT写作模板

GMAT写作模板综合写作模板：第一段：简要介绍文章内容和给出观点陈述（1-2句）The author presents an argument that [summarize the main point of the argument]. However, this argument is flawed due to several reasons.第二段：列举第一个批评点Firstly, the author assumes that [describe the assumption made by the author]. This assumption is problematic because [explain why this assumption is flawed or not well-supported by evidence]. For instance, [provide an example or evidence that contradicts the assumption made by the author]. Therefore, the argument fails to consider alternative viewpoints and lacks strong evidence to support its claim.第三段：列举第二个批评点Secondly, the author fails to acknowledge [describe another flaw or weakness in the argument]. The argument simply assumes that [explain the assumption made by the author]. However, this assumption overlooks the fact that [provide evidence or examples that contradict the assumption made by the author]. As a result, the argument lacks logical reasoning and fails to convince the reader.第四段：总结批评点并给出结论In conclusion, the argument presented by the author is flawed for several reasons. The author's assumptions are not well-supported by evidence and fail to consider alternative viewpoints. Furthermore, the argument lacks logical reasoning and fails to convince the reader. Therefore, it is important to critically evaluate the claims made in this argument before accepting them as valid.请注意，以上只是一个基本的综合写作模板，根据具体的题目内容和要求，你可以根据需要进行适当的调整和扩展。

GMAT范文

GMAT作文范文1：Argument1. The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods. “Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.”The author concluded that with long experience of 25 years, Olympic foods will be able to maximize profits and minimize costs because the processing cost has gone down in color film industry. The line of reasoning is that the same approach in film processing industry should be applicable to the other industries. This argument is not sound, however, because it is not necessary that same thing would happen to food industry. It depends upon many other factors. Firstly, the argument assumed that the color film industry is similar to food industry. One must not forget that an Olympic food is an industry for frozen foods or perishable products. These products require fast transportation and special equipments in order to keep fresh or the entire stock will get junked. These requirements can claim substantial costs and it is very likely that they can never be cut. One the other hand, color film is a consumer product which stays much longer and is not perishable. Therefore, it is possible that the cost-cutting approach is not applicable to the food industry.Secondly, the author failed to address other factors that are importa nt to a company‟s success. It is well known that in the long run maximization of profits occurs due to low cost of production. But it‟s not the only factor they consider. Other factors such as demand for the product, selling price, and overall competition in the market should also be taken into consideration. Today, buyers become the king in the market. If other companies‟ products are available at lower price with same quality or at similar price with higher quality, then people don‟t buy the Olympic‟s pr oduct. Therefore, if most consumers choose other companies‟ products, then the objects of higher profits and lower cost can‟t be attained.Finally, the speaker did not include any information on Olympic management approach. Rather, it just mentioned the long experience of 25 years in food industry. While there is rough correlation between long experience and ability to maximize profit, it is not always the case. If the Olympic fails to accumulate valuable management experience, such as time-consuming strategic alliance, learning from failure, etc, then Olympic long experience will not enable it to minimize costs and thus maximize profitsIn sum, the argument is not compelling because it omitted many other factors that must be addressed in order to make proper conclusion. If the author has considered the difference between color film and food industry, selling price, and product quality, the argument would be more convincingGMAT作文范文2：Argument2. The following appeared in a memorandum from the business department of the Apogee Company. “When the Apogee Company had all its operations in one location, it was more profitable than it is today. Therefore, the Apogee Company should close down its field offices and conduct all its operations from a single location. Such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping the company maintain better supervision of all employees.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The author argues that Apogee Company improves profitability by closing down its field offices and conducting all its operations from a single location. To support this argument, the author states that such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping thecompany maintain better supervision of all employees. In addition, the author points out that Apogee Company enjoyed a more profitable business in the past when it had all its operations in one location. However, the author's argument is flawed in three aspects.In the first place, the author regards a complicated managerial issue as a single-step change in operations and ignores many relevant factors. A company's profitability is determined by a whole bunch of economic, social, political, and cultural factors as well as management skills and employees' attitude. Luck also plays an important role. It can be reasonably assumed that Apogee Company is suffering a low profitability at present. The reasons can be many, so any single adjustment without considering other possible influential factors is incomplete, and any oversimplified conclusion is unfounded.In the second place, it is dangerous for Apogee Company to cut costs deeper and supervise employees better by resorting to centralization. The company may lose its market share because it concentrates its entire resource in one single location and has no direct access to some of those markets that it has offices at present. It will be difficult for the company to get first-hand information and make quick decisions to fight competitors. Moreover, Apogee Company may also lose its customers' interest and trust. People always tend to conduct business with somebody who they can see whenever they want to see. Apogee Company may easily become another unfortunate company that is forgotten by its customers in a region where it does not have a permanent office.In the third place, it is senseless to compare the present operations of Apogee Company with the operations in the past. The world is changing and the business environment is different. Competition is probably more severe than before, for example, so Apogee Company does not have the relative advantage it had. The only way for the company to keep competitive is to keep tighter relationships with its customers and provide better and quicker services to them, but this may require Apogee Company to open more offices rather than to close most of the current offices.In sum, the author's conclusion is unfounded. To improve its profitability, Apogee Company should analyze its business environment carefully and, without losing its current business relationships, explore new opportunities. If it simply closed its current offices, the most possible result is that it loses its customers and therefore suffers even lower profitability.GMAT作文范文3：Argument3. The following appeared in a memorandum issued by a large city‟s council on the arts. “In a recent citywide poll, fifteen percent more residents said that they watch television programs about the visual arts than was the case in a poll conducted five years ago. During these past five years, the number of people visiting our city‟s art museums has increased by a similar percentage. Since the corporate funding that supports public television, where most of the visual arts programs appear, is now being threatened with severe cuts, we can expect that attendance at our city‟s art museums will also start to decrease. Thus some of the city‟s funds for supporting the arts should be reallocated to public televis ion.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The author concludes that the city should allocate some of its arts funding to the public television in order for the attendance at the city art museums not to further decrease. The argument is based on the two assumptions: 1) the number of audience of art programs on public television is appropriate to that of local art museums, and 2) the public television faced of severe funding cuts. While this argument is somewhat convincing, it is not sound because its line of reasoning is not compelling.First of all, the author commits the “Confused Cause and Effect” fallacy. The argument depends on the assumption that increased exposure to the visual arts on public television has caused a similar increase in local art-museum attendance in the past years. However, the poll that increased art-museum attendance is statistically correlated with similar increases in television viewing of visual-arts programs, does not necessarily mean that the increased television viewingof arts is the cause of the rise in museum attendance. There may be other factors relevant to increased interest in the local art museum during the past years. For example, some larger social or cultural factors may cause greater public interest in municipal art museums.Second, the argument does not address the effectiveness of citywide poll conducted five years ago. The survey may be biased. If the respondents do not properly represent the whole residents, then the poll is not convincing. Moreover, since the survey was conducted five years ago, the statistics can become invalid and can no longer be used as future prediction.In conclusion, the argument is not convincing enough and would be strengthened if the author were to eliminate other significant factors that might have caused the increase in visits to the local art museum, as well as to address the soundness o the survey conducted five years ago.GMAT作文范文4：Argument4. The following appeared in a report presented for discussion at a meeting of the directors of a company that manufactures parts for heavy machinery. “The falling revenues that the company is experiencing coincide with delays in manufacturing. These delays, in turn, are due in large part to poor planning in purchasing metals. Consider further that the manager of the department that handles purchasing of raw materials has an excellent background in general business, psychology, and sociology, but knows little about the properties of metals. The company should, therefore, move the purchasing manager to the sales department and bring in a scientist from the research division to be manager of the purchasing department.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The author argued that the company should replace the current manager with a scientist from the research division as the manager of the purchasing department as a result of falling revenues. The argument is based on the two facts: 1) The company revenues fall at the same as do delays in manufacturing; and 2) The current manager who is responsible for purchasing of raw materials knows little about the properties of metals. The line of reasoning is not sound and, therefore the conclusion is not compelling.Firstly, the argument failed to address the casual relationship between falling revenues and delays in manufacturing. The fact that the falling revenues that the company is experiencing coincide with delays in manufacturing does not mean one causes another. It may be other reasons that cause the company to experience the falling revenues. For example, the quality of products does not satisfy its customers, and as a result, many previous clients are turning to its competitors.Furthermore, it is not reasonable to conclude that a scientist can save the poor planning in purchasing metals. If the scientist is skilled in the properties of metals but poor at planning, the delays in manufacturing may be worse. The purchasing manager must know where he could find those kinds of metals, what prices they are, and when they can be transported to his company. In fact, a department manager in business background is really acceptable. Because when he bumps against a technical problem, he can easily seek advice from the engineer team in manufacturing department.In conclusion, the delays in manufacturing were not necessarily caused by the purchasing manager's poor knowledge about the properties of metals. Maybe the company must replace the purchasing manager; however, a scientist may also not be competent for this job. It must find someone who really knows how to plan and how to buy qualified metals in time.GMAT作文范文5：Argument5. The following appeared in an announcement issued by the publisher of The Mercury, a weekly newspaper. “Since a competing lower-priced newspaper, The Bugle, was started five years ago, The Mercury‟s circulation has declined by 10,000 reade rs. The best way to get more people toread The Mercury is to reduce its price below that of The Bugle, at least until circulation increases to former levels. The increased circulation of The Mercury will attract more businesses to buy advertising space in the paper.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The announcement concludes that the best option for increasing Mercury's circulation to former levels is to lower its price below that of its competitor, The Bugle. This conclusion is based on the fact that since The Bugle was introduced, circulation has declined substantially. This argument is not convincing as the author has made some questionable assumptions that may or may not be true, given the data provided. Firstly, the factors as to why the circulation has declined are unknown, this may not have been related to the introduction of the Bugle at a lower price. Furthermore price is not the only factor taken into consideration by readers when deciding which paper to buy. Finally, the goal of the Mercury is to attract more business to buy advertising space and increased circulation is not necessarily the best way to achieve this goal.First of all, the fact that the Mercury has lost 10,000 readers since The Bugle first appeared on the market five years ago implies nothing. Other factors may have contributed to this decline. For example, it would be correct to say that for the last five years, or more, the information revolution has changed the way that people access information. More and more people are becoming Internet literate and perceive it as a source of free and easily accessible information. News is readily available on the Internet, leading readers away from traditional forms of news such as newspapers. There is no indication in the argument as to whether circulation has been declining even before The Bugle. If so, then it will be apparent that factors, other than The Bugle, have contributed to the poor performance of the paper.Furthermore, the author did not rule out other factors that caused the decreasing circulation. Price may not be the only factor influencing readers whether or not to read a certain newspaper. Consider the following situation. The Bugle is a tabloid newspaper while the Mercury is aimed at a more educated audience. Lowering the price, although this may result in a slight increase in readers, may not attract those readers who prefer tabloid newspapers. This invalidates the assumption that lowering the price of The Mercury will allow circulation to return to former levels. Finally, the newspapers wishes to achieve its ultimate goal of attracting more business, and as a result increasing profits, to buy advertising space it needs to take into consideration the other factors that entice a business to advertise with a newspaper. The newspaper's audience is an obvious example. An educated audience will attract a specific, perhaps more prestigious class of business to advertise at a high price. To lower the price of the newspaper, and in turn risk changing the type of readers that buy the paper, will affect the number, and type, of businesses that are willing to advertise.In sum, the author‟s conclusions can not be drawn from the data that has been provided. The Mercury may not be losing readers as a direct result of the introduction of The Bugle. Lowering its price, to below that of The Bugle, may not increase the circulation of The Mercury to former levels or help the paper to achieve its goals of attracting more business to buy advertising space and thus increasing revenues.GMAT作文范文6：Argument6. The following appeared as part of an article in a magazine devoted to regional life. “Corporations should look to the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. Even in the recent recession, Helios‟s unemplo yment rate was lower than the regional average. It is the industrial center of the region, and historically it has provided more than its share of the region‟s manufacturing jobs. In addition, Helios is attempting to expand its economic base by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.In this article, corporations are encouraged to settle their business in the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. The recommendation is based on the fact that Helios is the industrial center of the region, given that the city provided more than its share ofmanufacturing jobs and its unemployment rate is lower than average. Furthermore, the city is taking efforts to expand the economic base of the city by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies. This argument is somewhat persuasive but not convincing for the following two reasons.First, lower-than-average unemployment rate seems attractive to job applicants, but actually not good for corporations. Because of the lower than average unemployment rate in Helios, companies that should recruit large numbers of employees would not find Helios a great place. Lower unemployment rate means that the incoming corporations will have to recruit new workers outside the city of Helios or lure the existing workers away from their current jobs with higher wages. Both of these two alternatives will result in higher recruiting costs, and therefore make Helios a BAD place for business.Second, it is questionable whether the available labor in Helios could support all types of business. Even though the city of Helios has great environment for industrial and manufacturing companies, it is likely that the local prospective employees are not suitable for other types of corporations, such as financial service companies. Furthermore, the city‟s attempt to attract companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies does not necessarily result in the expanding economic base as it expect.In sum, the author did not provide compelling reasons for why Helios is a great site for a company wishing to relocate. Nor has the author provided compelling reasons for companies seeking new business opportunities to choose Helios. If the author had included the above items, it may be more convincing.GMAT作文范文7：Argument7. The following appeared in the health section of a magazine on trends and lifestyles. “People who use the artificial sweetener aspartame are better off consuming sugar, since aspartame can actually contribute to weight gain rather than weight loss. For example, high levels of aspartame have been shown to trigger a craving for food by depleting the brain of a chemical that registers satiety, or the sense of being full. Furthermore, studies suggest that sugars, if consumed after at least 45 m inutes of continuous exercise, actually enhance the body‟s ability to burn fat. Consequently, those who drink aspartame-sweetened juices after exercise will also lose this calorie-burning benefit. Thus it appears that people consuming aspartame rather than sugar are unlikely to achieve their dietary goals.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The article concludes that it is better to use sugar than the artificial sweetener aspartame for those people who want to lost weight. The author uses two reasons to support his viewpoints. First, high levels aspartame will cause people to eat more. Second, sugar can help fat-burning if used properly. These reasons can only tell reader that aspartame has some bad side-effect while sugar has some good effect, but they can't prove that sugar is better than aspartame for weight-control. Therefore, the reasoning is less than sufficient and the argument is not convincing.In the first reason, author fails to define what the level of amount is “high”. The normal dose of aspartame that people consuming may be very low. If most people use artificial sweetener that contains lower level of aspartame than the one that will trigger a craving for food, then the advantage of consuming sugar no long exists. Moreover, the author didn't mention whether sugar will also contain that chemical. If it is the case, people should turn to the third product.The second reason is also not sound, because it requires people not to drink until 45 minutes after exercise. This procedure is difficult to follow because most people drink juices immediately after or during excise. If they have to wait for 45 minutes, they may not need drink any longer. Also, the author didn't mention whether the calorie that sugar itself generates is less than the amount it helps to burn. Finally, the article fails to address whether the aspartame's side-effect, if any, is bigger than sugar‟s.In conclusion, the argument is nor sound or convincing. However, if it had included the above mentioned items, it would be more compelling.GMAT作文范文8：Argument8. The following appeared in the editorial section of a corporate newsletter. “The common notion that workers are generally apathetic about management issues is false, or at least outdated: a recently published survey indicates that 79 percent of the nearly 1,200 workers who responded to survey questionnaires expressed a high level of interest in the topics of corporate restructuring and redesign of benefits programs.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.In this argument, the arguer claims that workers are becoming more and more enthusiastic about management issues. To substantiate this conclusion, the arguer provides the result of a survey, which point out that more than half of the workers asked were considerably interested in the topics of certain corp9orate programs, While this argument has several merits, there are some logical errors that seriously undermine the reasoning.In the first place, the procedure of the sampling is unclear. With different views on management issues, the 1,200 workers should come from different fields. If they worked in the same department, however, the results of the survey would be unreliable. In addition, the arguer must provide a more detailed process of the questionnaire.In the second place, no evidence is offered to indicate that most of the other workers take the same level of interest in those programs as the ones asked, for the reason that the 1,200 workers are not representative of all of the workers. Hence, the arguer must present much more data such as the total number of worker.Last but not least, the arguer makes a hasty generalization about the types of issues that the workers are interested in. It is entirely possible, for example, that most of the 1,200 workers were concerned about only the corporate restructuring and redesign of benefits programs and still apathetic about other issues. If so n the survey on which the argument relies would lack credulity and therefore would not lend strong support to the argument.In conclusion, the arguer fails to demonstrate that the results of the survey are reasonable and convincing. To solidify the argument, the arguer must present more concrete information about the procedure and many other samples of the survey. Furthermore, the arguer would have to provide a clearer definition of management issues so that the workers might have more choices when answering the questions of the survey.GMAT作文范文9：Argument9. The following appeared in the opinion column of a financial magazine. “On average, middle-aged consumers devote 39 percent of their retail expenditure to department store products and services, while for younger consumers the average is only 25 percent. Since the number of middle-aged people will increase dramatically within the next decade, department stores can expect retail sales to increase significantly during that period. Furthermore, to take advantage of the trend, these stores should begin to replace some of those products intended to attract the younger consumer with products intended to attract the middle-aged consumer.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The speaker concluded that department stores should replace some of their products intended to attract the younger consumer with those intended to attract the middle-aged consumer. The argument is based on the following two facts: 1) the middle-age consumers devote more percent of their retail expenditure to department store than do younger consumers; and 2) the number of middle-aged people will increase dramatically in the next decade. The above argument omits some paramount items that must be involved in the reasoning process; therefore, it does notconstitute a logical argument in favor of the conclusion and it certainly is not persuasive and sound.First, it is questionable that middle-aged consumers will increase greatly within the next decade. According to the above argument, one can not get the conclusion that the middle-aged consumers will increase during the next decade. The population of the present young people should be presented. If now the number of younger people surpasses the number of middle-aged people greatly, then one can get the above conclusion. If not, the conclusion is wrong. The above article gives its reader the impression that middle-aged customers will increase just because the young people will become middle-aged patronages in ten years. So, it is illogical.Second, the author assumes that the average expenditure to department store products and service of middle-aged customers is greater than those of young ones. In fact, young people usually spend more money than older ones. So, if the author wants to convince others that the opposite is right, he must present related information or data collected in some surveys.In summary, the article leaves out the paramount issues mentioned above. Hence it is not thorough or convincing. If it had included persuasive information that could eliminate its readers' doubts, it would have been more sound and compelling.GMAT作文范文10：Argument10. The following appeared in the editorial section of a local newspaper. “This past winter, 200 students from Waymarsh State College traveled to the state capitol building to protest against proposed cuts in funding for various state college programs. The other 12,000 Waymarsh students evidently weren‟t so concerned about their education: they either stayed on campus or left for winter break. Since the group who did not protest is far more numerous, it is more representative of the state‟s college students than are the protesters. Therefore the state legislature need not heed the appeals of the protesting students.” Discuss how well reasoned . . . Etc.The article concludes that the state legislature does not need to consider the positions of protesting students. To support this argument, the author cited that only 200 of the 12,000 students traveled to the state capitol to claim their concerns on the proposed cuts in college programs. The remaining students do not participate in this protest and therefore are not interested in this issue. The argument is not convincing for the following two reasons.First, the author assumes that because less than one-tenth of the students participated in the protest, only less than one-tenth of the students proposed against the funding cut programs. This assumption is questionable since if the protesting students were selected randomly from the entire student body, their views would correctly reflect the views of the entire college. Without further information regarding the way by which the protesting students were selected, it is questionable to conclude that their opinions fail to reflect the opinions of their colleagues. Second, the author points out that the other 12,000 students stayed on campus or left for winter break and concludes that they are not concerned on fund-cutting program. The line of reasoning is not solid because there may be other reasons that they did not participate. For example, they probably think their opinions will be expressed by the protesting students. Without addressing why the remaining 12,000 students did not attend the campaign, the argument that the remaining 12,000 students are not concerned about their education is unacceptable.In conclusion, the argument is neither sound nor convincing. To make it logically acceptable, the author should point out what is the point of view of the remaining 12,000 students.GMAT作文范文1：Issue。

gmat的作文模板

gmat的作文模板GMAT Essay Template: How to Write a Perfect Analysis of an Argument Essay。

The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) includes an analytical writing assessment, which consists of two essays: the Analysis of an Argument and the Analysis of an Issue. In this article, we will focus on the Analysis of an Argument essay and provide you with a step-by-step template to help you write a perfect essay that will impress the GMAT examiners.Introduction。

The first paragraph of your essay should introduce the argument that you will be analyzing. Briefly summarize the argument and state whether you agree or disagree with it. Provide a clear thesis statement that outlines the main points you will use to support your position.Body Paragraph 1。

In the first body paragraph, identify the key assumptions made in the argument. Discuss how these assumptions weaken or strengthen the argument. Provide specific examples or evidence to support your analysis. Be sure to explain why these assumptions are important to the overall argument.Body Paragraph 2。

GMAT常用写作模板

简化的写作模板:The author concludes that ___________________, because___________________. The author's line of reasoning is that___________________. This argument is unconvincing for several reasons; it is_________________and it uses_________________ .Firstly, ___________________is based upon the questionable assumption that___________________.H owever, ___________________ .Furthermore, ___________________.Secondly, the author assumes that___________________.However, ___________________.It sees equally reasonable to assume that___________________.Finally, __________________.The author fails to consider __________________.For example,.Because the author's argument ___________________.In summary, I agree that___________________.However, ___________________; on balance,___________________.开头段模板●In this argument, the arguer concludes/recommends/suggests/claims/predicts that...●The author cites... as an example in support of this recommendation. (Optional-In addition, thearguer provides the evidence that...)●At first glance, the author's argument appears to be somewhat convincing/appealing/attractive, butthorough examination reveals that the argument is problematic because of several critical flaws that are discussed below.第二段●In the first place, the argument commits a fallacy of causal oversimplification.●The arguer recklessly assumes that...●However, the fact that A occurred after B doesn't necessarily prove that the former event is causedby the latter. (However, the fact that A coincides with B does not necessarily prove that A causedB.)Therefore, the argument is groundless unless other possible explanations have been consideredand ruled out.●For example, the cause of A might be E1.Or E2 could also lead to... Yet another possibility is that C.第三段●In the second place, even if it were the case that...another problem that seriously weakens the logicof this argument... It is entirely possible that...For instance, A.第四段●Finally/Furthermore/Admittedly, it is imprudent for the arguer to claim/assume that... In any case,the author has failed to demonstrate a logical connection between A and B (A is not a soundevidence to draw a conclusion that B.)结尾段●In conclusion, the argument is not well reasoned and therefore misleading because of the logicalflaws discussed above.●To make the argument more persuasive, the arguer would have to... Furthermore, the arguershould...总模板这篇模板的主体段对很多常见的逻辑错误进行了攻击，所以称之为总模板。

GMAT优秀的作文

GMAT优秀的作文GMAT优秀的作文模板. When someone achieves greatness in any field such as the arts, science, politics, or business that persons achievements are more important than any of his or her personal faults.Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your views with reasons and/or examples from your own experience, observations, or reading.Perhaps in some instances the personal failings of great achievers are unimportant relative to the achievements. In many cases, however, the relative significance of personal failings can be very great, depending on two factors: the extent to which the failing is part of the achievement process itself, and the societal impact of the achievers failing apart from his or her own suess.Personal failings and achievement are often symbiotically related. The former test the would-be achievers mettle; they pose challengesnecessary resistance that drives one to achieve despite the shorting. Personal failings may also pel one to focus on ones strengths, thereby spawning achievement. For example, poor academic or job performance may propel a gifted entrepreneur to start his or her own business. In the arts, a personal failing may be a necessary ingredient or integral part of the process of achieving. Artists and musicians often produce their most creative works during periods of depression, addiction, or other distress. In business, insensitivity to the human costs of suess has bred grand achievements, as with the questionable labor practices of the great philanthropist Andrew Carnegie.模板,内容仅供参考。

GMAT写作模板附参考范文

GMAT写作模板附参考范文没有永远的博学，只有永远的学习;没有永远的聪明，只有永远的考虑;没有永远的智者，只有永远的学者。

以下是为大家搜索的xx写作模板附参考范文，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!1.思维：逻辑尽量严密、不留gap2.语言：尽量生动、形象、详细，尽量防止使用抽象名词[NOTE]：故事最忌讳：晦涩、难懂、中立。

1)三句以内写完。

2)时间、地点、人物、事件尽量说实、说全、说细，让读者感觉不像是编的。

3)句式要求：词汇和句子一定得好，否那么不抓人。

因为你既然能以讲故事的方式开头，说明你对自己的写作程度足够自信(这是readers的预期)，假如一来全是简单句，给人真实感觉却你的写作程度太差，与读者之前的预期dismatch了!所以不好。

因此：可以是很长的复杂句、套了从句的均可。

4)内容上：A)假如程度较低(ie：不能让人通过读完好个故事就立即看到明确的方向)：就一来首先扣题(如：bill gates是一个成功的IT精英，他用其独特的观看奥运会的方式向世人展示了其成功和与众不同——开篇就告诉了这个eg的方向：且点出了“成功”与“自己的生活方式”的关系，这里没有留下gap。

)B)第二句开场：elaboration这个故事——越生动、形象、详细越好(表达在一些名词实词，比方列举等)。

"There is only one definition of suess-to be able to spend your life in your own way. "Bill gates是一个成功的IT精英，他用其独特的观看奥运会的方式向世人展示了其成功和与众不同。

他在奥运村旁边租了一个空中四合院，然后和妻子一起，看到了开幕式上五星红旗的升起、奥运火炬的传递、跳水健儿夺冠、拳击冠军带伤上场、奥运圣火的熄灭……5)目的：通过这个故事让读者琢磨出这个观点的大致方向来——所以，一定要通过一些indicator表达“这个方向”：比方一些有感**彩的indicator(因为IBT没有假设readers是白痴，所以不要将GMAT的“绝对客观”用过来，一些能反映“好坏正负”的描绘或adj都是readers能体会的，但前提是我必须写出来!不可以只列出现象!)2. answer the question：同意还是不同意。

GMAT优秀作文范本

GMAT优秀作文范本In this argument the author concludes that peopletrying to lose weight are better off consuming sugar than the artificial sweetener aspartame. To support this conclusion the author argues that aspartame can causeweight gain by triggering food cravings, whereas sugar actually enhances the bodys ability to bum fat. Neither of these reasons provides sufficient support for the conclusion.The first reason that aspartame encourages foodcravings is supported by research findings that high levels of aspartame deplete the brain chemical responsible for registering a sense of being sated, or full. But theauthors generalization based on this research is unreliable. The research was based on a sample in which large amountsof aspartame were administered; however, the author applies the research findings to s target population that includes all aspartame users, many of whom would probably not consume high levels of the artificial sweetener.The second reason that sugar enhances the bodys ability to bum fat is based on the studies in which experimental groups, whose members consumed sugar after at least 45 minutes of continuous exercise, showed increased rates offat burning. The authors general claim, however, applies to all dieters who use sugar instead of aspartame, not just tothose who use sugar after long periods of exercise. Once again, the authors generalization is unreliable because it is based on a sample that clearly does not represent all dieters.。

GMAT作文高分参考

GMAT作文高分参考GMAT作文高分模板参考GMAT作文为analytical writing, 需要花费的时间较长。

在argument准备过程中，逻辑思维至关重要。

一般需要通过例题来掌握分析技巧，储备必要的`基本逻辑常识，完成从零散到系统、从片面到全面、从肤浅到深刻的转变，最终能够胜任argument写作。

分析涵盖全面性、辩证性和透彻性。

一般来说，GMAT作文题目有以下几个方面：1. 无因果关系;2. 样品不足;3. 错误类比;4. 所有事情是平等的;5. 非此即彼的选择;6. 调查可疑;7. 结论无据。

这几个方面需要大家在准备过程中，多思考，多体会。

以下是GMAT作文模板和范例，希望对大家有所引导。

一、每段开头：1. The majorproblem with this argument is that -------2. Another flawworth discussing is that(the assumption that----)3. Finally it isnecessary to point out -(several other minor flaws that might undermine theargument----)二、证据可疑：questionable4. Anotherassumption short of legitimacy is that----(unfounded/groundless/doubtful/unconvincing)5. The argumentis based on the assumption that--------6. The reasonthat ----is open to doubt (persuasive)--should be d?7. The arguercommits a fallacy of the question in assaying(?) that--------三、Ending:8. In conclusionthe arguer fails to validate/(establish) the claim----9. To solidifythe argument, the arguer should provide moreconcrete information todemonstrate that---以下以例子来说明。

GMAT写作经典模板解析

（经典）开头段模板The conclusion endorsed in this argument is that…. Several reasons are offered in support of this argument. First of all, the author points out that…. In addition, the author reasons that…(What’s more, he also assumes that …) At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be somewhat convincing, but further reflection reveals that the conclusion is based on some dubious assumptions and the reasoning is biased due to the inadequacy and partiality in the nature of evidence provided to justify the conclusion. A careful examination would review how groundless this conclusion is.（经典）结尾段模板To conclude, this argument is not persuasive as it stands. Accordingly, it is imprudent for the author to claim that…. To make this argument logically acceptable, the author would have to show that…. In addition, to solidify the conclusion, the author should provide concrete evidence as well to demonstrate that…. Only with more convincing evidencecould this argument become more than just an emotional appeal. （结尾中复述的理由就copy/paste开头中的理由）高频理由（按频率由高到低排列）时序性因果攻击Firstly, the author is engaged in ‘after this, therefore, because of this’reasoning. The line of reasoning is that because A happened before B, the former caused the latter. However, this reasoning is fallacious unless other possible causal factors have been considered and ruled out. For example, perhaps C. As a result, any decision aimed at addressing the problem of B must be based on a more thorough investigation to gather data in order to narrow down and locate the actual cause of B.同时性因果攻击Secondly, the author’s solution rests on the assumption that A is the cause of B just because A coincided with B. However, a mere positional correlation does not necessarily prove a causal relationship. In addition, all other prospective causes of B, such as C and D, must be ruled out. Without detailed analysis of the real source of B, it would be groundless to attribute B to A.错误类比攻击Additionally, it is highly doubtful that strategies drawn from A are applicable to B. However, differences between these two clearly outweigh the similarities, therefore makingthe analogy much less valid. For example, C and D all affect A but virtually absent in B. Accordingly, we can see that A and B are so dissimilar that B is unlikely to experience the same consequence if it adopts A’s strategies.非此即彼攻击Last but not least, the author unfairly assumes that a reader must make a either-or choice. However, the argument fails to rule out possibility that adjusting A and B might produce better results. Moreover, if the author is wrong in the assumption that A and B are the only causes of the problem, thus the most effective solution might include a complex of other factors—such as C and D. In any event, the author provides no justification for the mutually exclusive choice imposed on the reader.必要性攻击In the first place, the author unfairly assumes that B was determined solely by A. While A is a seemingly important element in determining B, it is hardly the only or even necessarily required element. This assumption overlooks other crucial criteria in determining B—such as C, D. Without accounting for these potential factors, the author concludes too hastily that …is the best way to achieve goals.充分性攻击In the second place, the author’s solution rests on the assumption that A is sufficient to give birth to the desired goals. However, if it turns out that B is due to a combination of factors, some of which will remain unchanged in the future, such as C and D, only A might have no impact on B.选择性样本攻击A threshold problem is that the author provides no evidence to claim that the general group as a whole is of the same characteristic. The example cited, while suggestive of this trend, is insufficient to warrant that the sample is representative of the whole group. For example, I question that…Therefore, such evidence would be obviously unrepresentative. In fact, in face of such limited evidence, it is fallacious for the author to draw any conclusion at all.(与“选择性样本攻击”较类似) 样本代表性攻击Moreover, a possible methodology problem in the argument is that it is of bias. The term ‘so many’ is too vague to be statistically meaningful. It is very possible that workers who were more interested in the survey might be likely to respond to the questionnaire. Lacking in the information about the number of workers surveyed and the number of respondents, it is impossible to assess the validity of the survey. For instance, if 1000 workers were surveyed but only 10 responded, the result should be highly suspect. Because the author fails to account for other interpretations, the survey would be useless in concluding that….其他理由忽略他因攻击Thirdly, the author has focused only on A. A more detailed analysis would reveal that other factors far outweigh the factor on which the author focuses. For example, C. Lacking a more comprehensive analysis of the causes, it is presumptuous for the author to claim that A solely determined B.因果倒置攻击At last, it is possible that the author has confused cause with effect. Perhaps A was a response to B. Since the author fails to account for this possibility, the claim that …is completely unwarranted.样本数量攻击Another problem that seriously weakens the logic of this argument is that the survey cited is based on too small a sample to be reliable. Offered in support of the argument, the only evidence is that…. Unless it can be shown that the sample is typical of all general group, the fact that … is groundless to claim that…Loaded question和诚实性攻击What’s more, the methodology of the survey is problematic for two reasons. For one thing, we are not informed whether the survey provided only 3 alternatives. If it did, the respondents, who might very well prefer another choice not provided in the survey, might be forced to give up their preferences. For another thing, we are not informed whether the survey responses were anonymous or confidential. The respondents might supply responses favored by their superiors who might conduct the survey. Both events would lead this survey unreliable, let alone draw the conclusion that…样本时效性攻击Last but not least, another flaw that significantly undermines this argument is that the author neglects to indicate how recently the survey was actually conducted. When used to generally claim a particular group, the samples should be close enough to support the generalization, in order to prevent historical changes from invalidating the generalization. All we know is that the survey is recently published. The less recent the survey itself, the less reliable the results to demonstrate that…差异概念攻击To begin with, we must establish the meaning of the vague concept A. If the term were synonymous with B, the evidence cited would strongly support the argument.However, A may be defined in other terms such as C and D. Accordingly, the author has drawn the conclusion too hastily due to the ignorance of other definitions of A.范围内推攻击What’s more, the most egregious reasoning error in this argument is that the author uses evidence pertaining to a general group on the basis of a particular B. Even if the reasoning may be sound in general sense, the particular situation in which B is involved may not be representative of the entire general group. It is possible that... If this is the case, the claim that… is ill founded.不随时变攻击Moreover, the author unfairly assumes that A will remain unchanged over the next decades. However, a mere recent one-year A is insufficient to claim that. Statistics from such limited anecdotal evidence is not a good indicator for this trend. In addition, it is possible that in the future, this trend would greatly fluctuate or even reverse, then the adoption of the author’s proposal might give birth to B, however, it might also have a negative impact on C1 and, in turns, C2. Admittedly, this argument would be even weaker and weaker each day as time goes by.例文参考2. The following appeared in a memorandum from the business department of the Apogee Company:"When the Apogee Company had all its operations in one location, it was more profitable than it is today. Therefore, the Apogee Company should close down its field offices and conduct all its operations from a single location. Such centralization would improve profitability by cutting costs and helping the company maintain better supervision of all employees." Discuss how well reasoned ... etc.翻译：下面摘自Apogee公司的商务部门的备忘录：当Apogee将它所有的业务部门集中在一处时，它将有比现在更多的利润。

gmat满分作文必备模板

gmat总分值作文必备模板In this argument, the author concludes that To support his conclusion, the author points out that. In addition,the author reasons that Further more, he also assumes that . At first glance, the authors argument appears to be somehow appealing, while a close examination will reveal how groundless it is. We do not have to look very far to seethe invalidity of this argument. This argument is problematic for the following reasons.In the first place, this argument rests on a gratuitous assumption that .The author unfairly assumes that. However, the assumption is questionable because the author provides no evidence to support this argument. The arguer fails to take into aount other facts that might contribute to the result that It is likely that , ; it is also likely thatAny of these scenarios, if true, would show that Therefore, this argument is unwarranted without ruling out such possibility.In the second place, the argument mits a logic fallacyof after this and therefore because of this. In no case can the mere fact that be cited as evidence to support the assumption that there is a causal-effect relationship between A and B. Moreover, that just because B can be statistically correlated with A does not necessarily mean that A is the cause of B. In fact, the author has obviouslyneglected the possibility of other alternative facts such as, or may contribute to a certain extent to B. It may be only a coincidence that . Unless the author can rule out other factors relevant to , this assumption in question can not be aepted.。

2023年GMAT作文范文及解析：用假花还是真花

2023年GMAT作文范文及解析：用假花还是真花2023年GMAT作文范文及解析：用假花还是真花The following editorial appeared in the South Fork Gazette.1，花枯萎了不只和浇水次数有关2，不能只从本钱考虑要用假花还是真花还要从收益角度3，最后的那个调查不可靠4，那个公司提供的本钱数据是否可靠sle1In the third place, the survey ed by the author is worthless because some of its details have not been provided. Without additional information, such as the total number of people in the city or the framework of who were conducted, the result of the survey may lack representative. We can picture that the city has a population of more than 5 million, but this survey conducted only 1200 people, especially readers who are easily affected by the gazette's editorial.Since the author mits logical mistakes mentioned above and fails to consider the whole situation prehensively, his ideas should not be adopted. The conclusion would be strengthened if he can obviate these three major logical msitakes.Sle2In this argument, the author makes a conclusion that the city should plant artificial flowers instead of real flowers in big decorative pot on Main Street. The author's line of reasoning is established on his assumption that by planting plastic flowers, the city can save money. To support such an assumption, the author cites three supportive exles: last year, the city contracted with Flower Power to plant a variety of flowers and to water them each, yet by midsummer many of the plants were wilted; although the initial cost for plastic flowers is twice as much as real plants, the city can save money after two years; finally, public reaction will definitely support the proposal. At the first glance, the argument seems to be somewhat convincing. However, a close and deepreflection reveals how groundless and problematic it is. In the following paragraphs, I should elaborate the main flaws in the argument.In the first place, the author fails to explore the real underlying reasons for the death of the plants and flowers. Instead, he makes a gratuitous assumption that more frequent watering is needed. However, the author fails to substantiate his point. In no case can the mere fact that the flowers are wilted help to build up such an assumption flawlessly. It is possible that many of the plants were wilted because they required drier soils for survival and thriving. Unless the author can build up a causal correlation between the survival of the plants and more needed watering, the assumption remains questionable and open to discussion.In the second place, the author mentions that planting plastic flowers means the saving of money in the long run. However, the credibility of such an assertion has yet to be established, especially since the author ignores to point out that most of theplastic plants will last for more than two years. One obvious rebuttal to the author's reasoning is that investigations show that a majority of plastic plants, if planted on the Main Street, can only last for at most two years without the protection from direct sunshine. In such a case, the author's assertion that planting plastic plants will save money is of dubious validity.。