1.Detailed Discussion (1)

合集下载

专题01 阅读理解 ( 词义猜测题)高考英语真题试题研究

例子4
26．What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A．A dessert. B．A drink. C．A container. D．A machine. [分析] 该段第一句含有一个if引导的条件状语从句，若满足该条件，则产生的结果是第一句的后半句和第二句， “you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a ‘softserve’ creamy dessert, to be eaten right away.” 即“将冰冻香蕉和其他莓类、水果片放进去，出来的是奶油状甜品”。由此因果关系可推知 juicer指的是榨汁机。故选择D项。
阅读理解之词义猜测题
技巧导图
ONE
根据线索确定词义的方法
根据线索确定词义的方法
1. 定义法。 Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即＂退火＂。 It will be very hard but also very brittle — that is, it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是＂脆＂的意思。 The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为＂牧人＂。
ONE

新视野英语教程(第二版)1unit10

e.g. Can you solve this riddle? 你能解开这个谜吗？ The teacher required the students to solve some problems by themselves. 老师要求学生们自己解决一些简单的问题。
17
3. average: n. [C] the middle value of a set of numbers 平均数，平均 e.g. Every year, an average of 85%of the graduates from our
这个班学生的平均年龄为十二岁。 2) ordinary; usual 普通的；平常的 e.g. The average man is not interested in this subject.
普通人一般对这题目不感兴趣。
on ( the /an ) average: 平均；通常 e.g. On the average, their school holds an English evening every
13
While boys are taught in society to be more forceful, and to solve problems themselves, girls, on the other hand, are not encouraged to be this way. Girls, therefore, are often limited to getting high marks in school for remembering what the teacher has told them, instead of being allowed to question without fear like boys.

大学英语综合教程1教案UNIT1

2016～2017学年度第一学期课程名称英语教学单位英语系教研室英语教育教研室任课教师高帅职称讲师授课班级普师164班锦州师范高等专科学校2016～2017学年度第一学期授课课程：英语授课教师：高帅章节Book I UNIT 1 High school vs college授课班级普师164班授课时间Week1-3 授课类型Theory and practice学时数4学时教学目标知识目标：To master the new words, expressions, structures and plots.能力目标：To use them in actual situations.德育目标：To cultivate the students' interest in the reading.教学重点和难点1. Key words and phrases.2. Translation and difficult structures.教学(具)准备PPT; MP3; Reference book ; Textbook教学方法Teaching, discussion, elicitation and exercising methods教学主要内容Unit 1 Reading1. Brief introduction to the text.2. Discussion3. Practice reading the new words by imitating the mp3.4. Detailed study of the text, including, lexical item and vocabulary etc.5. Exercises of Unit One6. Translation of some key words and expressions7. Teaching summary, including language points and the instructive significance of the text in students’ future study and life.8. Homework. Different homework should be done after each class, such as word formation and doing all the exercises.教学过程设计备注Unit 1 Passage A High school vs collegeStep One: Introduction, Background information, DiscussionStep Two: Detailed study of the textStep Three: ExercisesStep Four: Teaching summaryStep Five: HomeworkStep One: Introduction, Background information, DiscussionThe top ten universities in the worldThey are University of Cambridge，University of Oxford，Harvard University，University of California，Berkeley，Massachusetts Institute of Technology，Stanford University (USA)，University of Tokyo，Princeton University(USA)，California Institute of Technology and Imperial College of London.Here we only briefly introduce the first five universities to you.A.University of CambridgeBritain's University of Cambridge has topped the list，making it the best university in the world for science.In 2009，the university will celebrate its 800th anniversary，making it one of the world's oldest universities.Cambridge is the largest university in the United Kingdom(over 100 departments，faculties and schools).Its contribution to the world has ranged from the discovery of the mechanism of blood circulation to the structure of DNA，from the great philosophers of the early 15th century to the groundbreaking work of its many Nobel Prize winners (more than 60 distinguished names feature on the list).B.University of OxfordThe University of Oxford is one of the oldest English-speaking universities.It can lay claim to nine centuries of documented existence.According to the university's website，there is no clear date of foundation，but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167，when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.Except for St. Hildas—which continues to remain an all-women college—all of Oxford's 39 colleges now admit both men and women.C.Harvard UniversityHarvard University is ranked No.3 among the top ten universities in the world.Harvard College was established in 1636 and was named for its first benefactor(捐助者)John Harvard of Charlestown.Harvard was a young minister who，on his death in 1638，left his library and half his estate to the newly established institution.It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States.Seven presidents of the United States (John Adams，John Quincy Adams，Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt，Rutherford B Hayes，John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W Bush)were graduates of Harvard.Its faculty has produced 40 Nobel laureates (戴桂冠的人).D.University of California，BerkeleyThe roots of the University of California go back to the gold rush days of 1849，when the 谈话法讨论法读书指导法drafters of the states constitution required the legislature to encourage by all suitable means the promotion of intellectual，scientific，moral and agricultural improvement of the people of California.The university that was born nearly 20 years later—on March 23，1868—was the product of a merger between the College of California(a private institution)and the Agricultural，Mining，and Mechanical Arts College.Among other things，the university is credited with the isolation of the human polio virus andthe discovery of all artificial elements heavier than uranium.Eighteen members of the Berkeley faculty have been awarded Nobel Prizes for these and subsequent discoveries，as well as in literature and economics.E.Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyIt's probably one of the most famous universities in the world.But did you know its founder，William Barton Rogers，apparently never received a degree?In 1853，he moved to Boston，where he enlisted the support of the scientific community to create an institution for technical and scientific education.It was largely through his efforts that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology was born in 1861.Today，the Institute has more than 900 faculty and 10,000 undergraduate and graduate students.It is organized into five Schools—Architecture and Planning，Engineering，Humanities，Arts and Social Sciences，Management and Science—and the Whitaker College of Health Sciences and Technology.Fifty-nine current or former members of the MIT community have won the Nobel Prize.The U.S. News & World Report ranks MIT—along with Stanford University and Duke University—at No.5 in its rating for America's best universities for the year 2005.F．Stanford University (USA)略G．University of Tokyo略H．Princeton University (USA)略I．California Institute of Technology略J．Imperial College of London略SAT（Scholastic Assessment Test）SAT（Scholastic Assessment Test）（“学术水平测验考试”是美国高中生进入美国大学的标准入学考试）The College Board's SAT Program consists of the SAT Reasoning Test TM(SAT)and SAT Subject Tests TM.The SAT is three hours and 45 minutes long and measures skills in three areas: critical reading，math，and writing.Although most questions are multiple choice，students are also required to write a 25-minute essay.The SAT Subject Tests are one-hour，mostly multiple-choice tests in specific subjects.These tests measure knowledge of particular subjects and the ability to apply that knowledge.Many colleges require or recommend one or more of these tests for admission or placement purposes.Each section of the SA T is scored on a scale of 200—800，with two writing subscores for multiple-choice and the essay.It is administered seven times a year in the U.S.，Puerto Rico，and U.S.Territories，and six times a year overseas.Many colleges use the Subject Tests for admission，for course placement，and to advise students about course ed in combination with other background information(your high school record，scores from other tests like the SAT Reasoning Test，teacher recommendations，etc.)，they provide a dependable measure of your academic achievement and are a good predictor of future performance.Step Two: Detailed study of the textfigure out想出；弄清楚；了解谈话法讨论法读书指导法小组活动法e.g. We must figure out how to solve the problem. 我们必须想出办法解决这个问题。

2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(281-282)讲义-高考英语一轮复习

一、长难句翻译1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.2.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.二、长难句翻译解析1.The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.整句话最核心的内部逻辑就是句子中间的并列逻辑“and then 然后”，用于表示前后连续的动作顺序。

“and then”之后的内容是非谓语动词“to teach”，所以必然与前面部分中的某个to do 形成并列。

大学艺术英语第一册Unit 1_Section B

• Part Ⅱ(para.2-3) Who is Mona Lisa? • The writer describes the different theories about the true identity of Mona Lisa.
• Part Ⅲ (para.4-9) The mysterious smile of Mona Lisa • The last part is about people’s various explanations about Mona Lisa’s mysterious smile.
date
1) 写日期write or print the date on something • Make sure you sign and date it at the bottom. • I can’t date that house exactly, but it can t must be very old. 2) 约会have a romantic relationship with someone [=go out with] • Is he still dating Sarah?
Other phrases with “draw”:
draw one’s attention to sth. 有意使某人注意 draw a conclusion from 从……得出结论 draw a comparison/parallel/distinction， etc. between 区分，划分
• 3. The portrait immediately brought him fame within Italy. （Para. 1） • 这幅肖像画立刻使他在意大利名声大噪。

1.Detailed discussion

Lesson Eleven Silent SpringIntroduction to the TextThis text is written by a courageous woman who pioneered the struggle for environmental protection. Today, environmental protection has become a worldwide movement. It is almost fashionable to talk about this problem. But at the time this article was first published, the author was very much under attack. She was accused of being an alarmist. However Carson did not give in. She went on fighting. Soon the idea caught on. More and more people began to join in. So today there is a general consensus that we are facing a very serious ecological problem, and we must do everything possible to keep our water and air clean; to protect our land and soil; to preserve our forests, rivers and lakes, marshland, wilderness; to stop the global warming; and to save the endangered species. People now generally agree that we cannot develop our economy at the expense of our ecosystem. We must aim at a sustainable growth. We have become aware of all these because, some forty years ago, this woman first sounded the alarm.In the history of human civilization, there have always been some individuals like Carson who are more far-sighted than the average people, who can sense danger before everybody else does, who will give us a warning before it is too late. These people deserve all our admiration and gratitude.The environmental degradation described in this article happened in the United States. But this problem is usually much more serious in developing countries. China is no exception. It is generally acknowledged that the environmental problem is becoming extremely acute in China. Official reports talk about polluted rivers and lakes, frequent acid rains and sand storms, soil erosion, desertification, deforestation, over-fishing, salinization. The list is far from complete. When students read this article and discuss this problem, they ought to have a sense of duty or mission.Pay attention to how the article is organized. It begins with a full page description of a typical American town, which is extremely beautiful until it is destroyed by chemicals. Then she goes on to explain what she thinks it is that causes the change. Her central argument here is: Human beings are tampering with nature and causing changes that are too many and too quick, so that they cannot adapt to them. Today people of course have studied this problem more thoroughly and have reached a much better understanding of the nature and causes of this problem, but what Carson said forty years ago still remains basic. It might be a good idea to encourage the students to relate the text to today’s realities, especially to the realities of out own country, to enhance their environmental concerns.Cultural KnowledgeCharles Robert DarwinCharles Robert Darwin(1809—1882) was an English biologist and naturalist who showed that all species of life have descended over time form common ancestors, and proposed the scientific theory that his branching pattern of evolution resulted form a process that he called natural selection. In 1859, he published On the Origin of Species, which established evolutionary descent with modification as the dominant scientific explanation of diversification in nature. In 1871, he examined human evolution and sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. His research on plants was published in a series of books. And in his final book, he examined earthworms andtheir effect on soil. In recognition of Darwin’s pre-eminence as a scientist, he was buried in Westminster Abbey, close to John Herschel and Issac Newton.Detailed Discussion of the Text1.There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmonywith its surroundings. (1)Once upon a time there was a town in the central part of America where all living things seemed to exist peacefully with their environment.此句中，a town后跟两个定语：介词短语in the heart of America较短，所以放在前面，where引导的定语从句较长，所以放在后面。

Detailed Discussion of the Text of Lesson 9 Book 2

Detailed Discussion of the Text1.These notes are in the nature of a confession. It’s the confession of a miseducated man.These notes: These 1ines I have written down here . These short statements of views and commentsin the nature of a confession: a kind of confession; statements of my past wrongs miseducated: See Note 2,Notes to the Text of the textbookMore words with the prefix “mis-” :misjudge, misleading, misguide, mistake misinform,Misspell ,mispronounce, misprint, misinterpret. etc.2. …I p repared to live and comprehend a world in which there are 3 billion people?See Note 3¬Notes to the Text of the textbook.3.Not the world as it was in 1850 or 1900 , for which my education might have been adequate,…adequate :good enough in quality for a particular purpose or activityc f .He was not tall enough to carry a rifle.We lacked sufficient funds.(enough)She was not adequate as the head of the school.4.And the best place to apply that test is outside the country…And the best place to carry out that test is to go and live in a foreign country……Apply: to use5.Not that my education was e complete failure.It was not that my education was a complete failure. I did not mean that my education wascompletely useless.6.a bird’s-eye view of the worlda very general view of the world, a view that lacks depth and subtlety7.Geography had instructed me in differences of terrain .resources ,and productivity.Geography had taught me about differences of terrain…etc.instruct :to teach ;to educateNotice that the word “instruct” sb. in the sense of “educate” ,is used in the pattern: to instruct sb. in sth.differences of terrain ,resources ,and productivity :differences in the type of land they have (whether plains ,hills, deserts, etc.);the kind of resources theyown(such as land resources, mineral resources, fish resources ,timber resources etc.)£»and in the level of economic development (whether they are developed or underdeveloped£; industrialized or agricultural).parative culture had instructed me in the differences of background end group interests.comparative culture：an academic discipline(学科)；a study that involves comparing cultures of different countriesOther comparatives studies include：comparative literature，comparative linguistics，comparative government ,comparative religion，etc.group interests :interests of ethnic ,social, political groups9.Anthropology had instructed me in…and general physical aspect. anthropology: the science that deals with the origins ,physical and cultural development ,biological characteristics ,and social customs and beliefs of humankind(人类学)10.I was not surprised at the fact that…or that some used wood for fuel and others dung; or that some enjoyed music with a five-note scale end others with twelve; or that some people were vegetarian by religion and others by preference.be surprised at sth.: e.g., to be surprised at the news ,to be surprised at the high price ,to be surprised at the dramatic change, etc.Compare other words that are often used in this pattern; to be disappointed at to be shocked at ,to be amazed at ,to be alarmed at, etc.Notice that in order to avoid repetition ,some words are often omitted as in:…some used wood for fuel and others (used)dung(for fuel)…some people were vegetarian by religion and others(were vegetarian)by preference.a five-note scale：“Note”here means or particular sound or pitch and “scale” a series of musical notes moving upwards or downwards in pitch.by religion , by preference: “By” here means “according to”.11．the principal significance of such differences was that they were largely without significance.principal: main, chief, major，the most importantDo not mix it up with its homonym (a different word that happens to have the same pronunciation) “principle”.More examples of homonyms：meet and meat/beat and beet/led and lead(铅)/ale and ail\boy and buoy/horse and hoarse/right and write/bear and bare. etcNotice how the author playe d with the word “significance”.More examples:What we have to fear is fear itself.(Franklin D. Roosevelt)The business of government is to keep the government Out of business--that is, unlessbusiness needs government aid.(Will Rogers)12.The differences were all but wiped out by the similarities.The differences became so insignificant compared with the similarities ,they were almost completely pushed aside and forgotten.all but: We have come across this before. It means “almost” or “nearly”.13.My education had by-passed the similarities.by-pass: to avoid dealing with14. …that beyond the differences are realities scarcely comprehended because of their very simplicity.…that if you go beyond the differences you find realities or true facts that people hardly understand precisely because they are so simple and obvious.15.And the simplest reality of all was that the human community was one greater then any of its parts, greater than the separateness imposed by the nations, greater than the different faiths and loyalties or the depth and color of varying cultures.And the simplest fact was that the human community was one organic whole , and the whole is always bigger and more important than the parts. Today the world is divided into nations which force the world to become separate parts .But no single nation is more important than the whole humanity ,and differences in their religious faiths ,political or national loyalties ,or their cultures should not be allowed to blind US to the basic things they all share.16.This larger unity was the most important central fact of our time—something on which people could build at a time when hope seemed misty, almost unreal. something on which people could build :something people could use as a basis for further developmentat a time when hope seemed misty, almost unreal: at a time when hope seemed to be unclear, not very bright ,and almost non-existent.What time was the author talking about here?17. …I have the feeling that my words fail to give force to the idea they seek to express.I have the feeling that my words are still not strong enough to express my ideas .18.Let me put it differently,…Let me say it in a different way. “Put” here means to say or to express. More examples:Let me put it in another way.Can you put it in simple English?To put it bluntly, I think this company is bankrupt.To put it mildly, modesty is not one of his strong points.The way he put it anybody who has a complaint to make is a trouble-maker.19.It turned out that my ability to get along with other peoples depended not 80 much upon my comprehension of the uniqueness of their way of life as my comprehension of the things we had in common.peoples: races or nationsnot so much as: not one thing but rather sth. else. e.g.I like teaching not so much for the pay as for the chance to be among young people .He lost his job not so much for his incompetence as for his age . At 45 , he was considered too old .20. …but to stop there was like clearing the ground without any idea of what was to be built on it.(5)The subject of this sentence is “to stop there” ,not “to stop”.clear the ground: to get the land ready for construction by removing irrelevant things from it21. When you got through comparing notes; you discovered that you were both talking about the same neighborhood, i.e. ,this planet ,and the conditions that made it pleasant or hostile to human life.(5)get though doing: to complete ;to finish doingcompare notes: to exchange views or information about sth. both have done or are interested in to see if they agreei.e.:(Latin)that isconditions hostile to human life: conditions which make it difficult for people to 1ive22.Only a few years age an education in differences of references fulfilled a specific if limited need.a specific if limited need . The author is referring to the need of tourists .23.That was at a time when we thought of other places and peoples largely out of curiosity or in terms of unusual vacations.(6)That was at a time when we were interested in other places and peoples because they were exotic and therefore would make our vacation exciting.in terms of: only as ;only in connection with24.It was the mark of a rounded man to be well traveled (6)the mark of a rounded man: the sign or indication of a man who has received a well-rounded education , not one-sided , but complete and variedwell traveled: been to many countries25.But it wasn’t the type of knowledge you had to live by and build on.(6)Pay attention to the sense group. The word “had” and the word “to” belong to two differentsense groups. The infinitive phrase “to live by and build on” is an attribute of the word“knowledge”.26. Then overnight came the great compression.(7)See Note 7 , Notes to the Text of the textbook27.Far-flung areas which had been secure in their remoteness suddenly became crowded together in n single arena.(7)far-flung areas: very distant placesModern transportation has shortened distances . Therefore no country is free from outside influence.28. …an education in liberation from tribalism.(7)an education in global perspective , in the importance of freeing ourselves from tribalismFo r “tribalism”, see Note 8,Notes to the Text of the textbook.29.For tribalism had persisted from earliest times, though it had taken refined forms.(7)The author thinks that nationalism is merely an enlarged form of tribalisrm Notice these collocatio ns of” take” to take a new form , to take a new shape , to take a different color .30. …and be able to recognize the image of himself.(7)…and be able to see that everybody you see in the world is just like ourselves . The idea of self-recognition is the same.31.The old emphasis upon superficial differences had to give way to education for mutuality and for citizenship in the human community.(7)give way to: to give its place to sth. better ,to be replaced by, e.g.The traditional extended family has now given way to the nuclear family.Coal is dirty and will have to give way to gas or other cleaner energy.Mutuality :mutual respect, mutual understanding; equality; interdependence32. …the universe itself does not hold life cheaply. Life is rare occurrence…so far we have not yet detected any sign of life in outer space. Some scientists say that wemay very well be alone in the universe. This should tell us how precious 1ifeis .And the respect of life is the very basis on which we must build the future world community.not to hold sth cheaply: to hold sth. dear ;to think that sth is important33.Of all these countless forms of life, only one , the human species ,possesses certain faculties in combination that give it supreme advantages over all the others.(8)possesses certain faculties: has certain abilities and powersin combination: when put together(give it supreme advantages over all the others).It is important to emphasize “in combination” because in isolation certai n human faculties may not compare favorably with other species. For example , eagleshave better sight ;dogs have better sense of smell ;tigers are more powerful; birds can fly, and fish can swim.Notice that apart from “to take advantage of” the word “advantage” can also be used in thePattern , to have/give/enjoy advantage over sb.34.Among those faculties or gifts is o creative intelligence that enables man to reflect andforesee , to take in past experience , and also to visualize future needs.(8) Of all the faculties they have , the most important is their creative intelligence . Human beings have a brain.gifts: natural abilities or talents , so-called because they are considered gifts from Godgifted (adj):talented and intelligentreflect and foresee: to think and plan and predicttake in past experience: to absorb or understand or learn from past experience visualize future needs: to foresee future needs and take action to meet these needs35.There are endless other wonderful faculties, the workings of which are not yet within our understanding (8)Notice that in this sentence the relative pronoun, “which” is not the object of a verb phrase but the object of a noun phrase. More examples:At about 10 p.m. he went to see a movie, the name of which he said he had forgotten.He likes to use big pompous words , the meanings of which are never clear.not yet within our understand: still beyond our comprehension36.Viewed in global perspective ,what counts is not that the thoughts of people lead them in different directions but that all men possess the capacity to think(9) Viewed in global perspective: When we look at it from the global point of view what counts: what is importantMore examples of the use of “count”:I know that what I say here does not count.These empty promises don’t count . We need action.municating in it across time and space…(para.9)…communicating in print without the restriction of time and space; that is, people today learn about the past in what people wrote in previous ages; people living far apart can lean about each other through their writing38.…that something in them enables them to respond deeply to forms and colors and ordered sounds.(9)forms and colors and ordered sounds: referring to literature , architecture , art and music39.Next in order wound be instruction in the unity of, an needs.(10)The next important thing would be education in the interdependence of human needs.40.Howaver friendly the universe may be .it has left the conditions of human existence precariously balanced.(10)See Note 10, Notes to the Text of the textbook.precariously balanced :likely to lose the balance any moment. The author is referring to the fact that human conditions are very delicate. We must have water and oxygen for survival.Too much or too little of these things would cause a disaster .These things should be well balanced.41.Remove any one of these and the unity of human needs is attacked and the human race with it.(10)If we take away one 0f these things the unity of human needs will be destroyed and the human race would also perish.the unity of human needs :the delicate balance or interdependence of human needs42. …how to control the engines we have c reated that threaten to alter the precarious balance on which life depends.(10)Here the word” engines” is used figuratively to stand for all the technological developments human beings have achieve .Human beings have invented a great many things to give us more power and t0 make our life easier. But these human creations are now threatening to change the balance of our environmental conditions.43. how to create a peaceful society of the whole. (para.10)society of the whole: a society embracing/ including all of humanity44.…some nation or people may coma forward not only with the vital understanding but with the vital inspiration that people need no less than food.The author is hoping that some nation or people may come forward to take up the responsibility to lead us in solving the present problems, a country which understands the vital human needs and can give the rest of the world important inspiration. It is clear that the author is hoping that his own country, the United States ,will be able to play that role. He did not say it, but he implied it, believing as many of his countrymen did that such is their “manifest destiny”.45.Leadership on this higher level does not require mountains of gold or thundering propaganda.(11)The author here is not talking about economic , political , or military leadership . He is talking about moral or spiritual leadership, thus “leadership of a higher level”. Thundering propaganda :very loud or noisy propaganda。

专八满分听力Mini-lecture（1-4）

Mini-lecture 1Cultural UnderstandingLike learning a language，developing cultural understanding occurs step by step over time.Here are five stages of cultural understanding veduchina.Stage one：No understanding.一involves no awareness of the new culture：know nobody and few(1)Stage two：Sup erficial understanding.--awareness of (2) aspects of the foreign culture and stereotypes veduchina--stereotytres are(3)Stage three：Growing understanding and possible(4)--awareness of more subtle，less visible traits in foreign culture--unnecessarily bring acceptance veduchina.For anyone，the home culture is(5)Stage four：Greater(6)————understanding.一still(7) have little empathy veduchina一the(8) level is higherStage five：True empathy，and cultural (9)————.—to live in the foreign culture：the amount of time depends Oil(10)Mini-lecture 2 British Educational System1.Primary and secondary educationin Britain1)Children at the age of(1)________go to primary school.2)Students attend secondaryschool until age sixteen.3)Students enter higher education at age eighteen.2.Higher education in Britain1) In England and Wales：—Application for universities：through the UCCA；一Courses：“course”refers to a(2)_______ program，structured with a fixed program of classes；—Classes：a.classes are offered in the UK on a(3)________basis veduchina；b.more emphasi s i s placed on(4)________study；c.students write more essays and take fewer objective tests；d.classes often take the following forms：(5)______，tutorials，seminars.2) In Scotland：—A variety of tertiary level options are available：a.The colleges of further education provide vocational and (6)____education；b.Central institutions don’t directly validate degrees,but many have close ties to(7) .c.Teachers colleges veduchina；d.The standard university degree is a four—year(8)__________；parison between the US and the UK higher education1)Grading：一In the UK，(9)__________are the most common form of study assessment—The US professors grade less strictly than the UK professors veduchina2)Course levels：—Basic courses are not(10)____________at UK universities.Mini-lecture 3 Mass Media in AmericaMass media specifi cally refer to those publications and programs that attempt to serve most or all of the people in a given market.Three groups of mass media in America are briefly introduced.I. N ewspapersA.Reading newspaper is different from watching TV.—for one thing1.detailed(1)_______ of news items2.substantial treatment of news events3.interesting and stimulating opinions4.analysis over important events at home and abroac—for anotheras for the reading places, no(2)_______B.Newspapers are still a big business.—fact one: the large circulation of a number of important newspapers—fact two: the great (3)_______ of newspapers availableII. MagazinesA.great varietyB.wide range of topi csC.different target readers:the well-educated,well-informed,and(4)_____ peopleD.the top three:(5)_______ TV Guide and The Conde Nast SelectIII. Radio and TelevisionA.Radio:a first-class entertainment medium for most Americans一The future of the radio is still(6)___________B.Television--become popular after the invention of(7)_____ and videotape recorders—profound impact on society1.the socialization effect2.a(8)_________ a molder of new of new cultural trends and a molder of attitudes towards these new trends3.revolutionized the marketing of goods4.the enormous cultural impact of TV violent programs5.the impact of TV on(9)_______________To sum up，the mass media in Ameri ca has，to a great extent，changed and will still keep on changing Americans’(10)_________Mini-lecture 4 Government in Britain and the USThe focus of this lecture is different government systems in Britain and the US.Government in Britain:1. National government:the center of government in Britain iS Parliament.一Location of parliament:(1)__________.—Parliament includes the House of Common，the House of lords and the monarch.—the passage of bills:firstly brought to the House of Commons for discussion，then the house of Lords，finally(2)_________2. Local government in Britain，also known as(3)_________一make small laws,only applied in local area—got payment from(4)from national government--elected by people within each town,city or country areaGovernment in the US:1.The federal government—(5)________is the central law-making body in the US.1)the House of Representatives2)the Senate: the higher but less (6)________of the two houses of Congress.—The President has the power of (7)________a bill.—The Supreme Court: the final Court of Appeal in the US.2.The state government—Each state has its own written(8)________—The highest elected official of each state is the Governor.3.The local government—No law of local government can be(9)________with the United Constitution.To sum up，the government in each country is a (n) (10)________of its historicaland modern factors.参考答案：Mini-lecture1 (1)basi c facts (2)negative (3)offensive (4)conflict (5)much better(6)intellectual (7)emotionally (8)comfort (9)respect (10)the individualCulture understanding文化差异Today I will focus on the i ssue of culture understanding. With increasing globalization, the world becomes really small nowadays. As a member of the global, we get more chances to contact foreign cultures. And what if we want to understand foreign culture very well, what should we do? What kinds of process will we experience before we achieve that goal. The answer is not very difficult to imagine. Just like learning a language, developing culture understanding occurs steps by steps over time. Development of culture consciousness is a process that starts the stage no understanding and moves, in the best case, to the stage of true empathy移情作用,[心]神入and culture respect. So an order to make it a clearer explanation about the process, the five stages of culture understanding is presented here.Stage 1 no und erstanding This level involves no awareness of new culture. The point is quite easy to see. For a person who has few chances to get contact with other cultures, a new one sometimes might as well be like something from an unknown planet in outer space. The person does not know anyone from the culture, and has encountered few, if any, basi c facts about the culture; so naturally, the person certainly has no way to understand that culture at all.Stage 2 superficial understanding This level involves awareness of very superficial aspects of foreign culture, frequentl y negative aspects. At this stage of culture awareness, the person knows a few basic facts of new culture. These facts stand out and often serve as the basis of stereotypes 陈规,老套. However, the stereotypes are offensive because they imply that al l people from a certain culture have the same characteristi cs. At this stage of culture awareness, when stereotypes are keenly felt, the person is highly ethnocentric种族[民族]中心主义的,种族[民族, 集团]优越感的that means the person is just focused on his or her own culture as the norm of what is right and comparing the new culture with the better culture back home. Stage 3 growing und erstanding and possible conflict In this stage the learner begins to be aware of more subtle sometimes less visible traits in the foreign culture. I will give you an example here to illustrate this point. A student learned that a given culture focuses on family far more getting things accomplished. As a result, he or she begin to appreciate the huge importance of family value in this culture, so we can see thi s understanding helps the person to see why things operate the w ay they do. But such awareness doesn’t al ways bring acceptance. In this stage the person is still ethnocentri c home culture-oriented, comparing that culture that i s new to his/her old home culture and usually feel his/her home culture is much better. I think some of you, as English majors, may have the exactly same experiences when you come to be familiar with your foreign t eachers or friends. You do appreciate some of their cultures but you just can’t accept them from the bottom of your heart.Stage 4 great intellectual culture und erstanding At this stage the learner begins to comprehend intellectually the peopl e in the foreign culture yet they are still a little emotional empathy. The person can not feel what it is like to be a member of that culture, the learner thus starts to see things intellectually through the eye of culture bearers at the least part of the time, but they just can’t really feel the same way the members of foreign culture feel. The learner begins to shed ethnocentrism a little bi t and starts to understand new culture more deeply. The person knows why thing are done in the way they are done and accept these things with less irritation. So you can see now the learner obviously comprehend the briefs and actions of people in the culture, the comfort level is higher, and the person does not complain the extensively about the culture differences. That makes a big sense in the process of culture understanding.Stage 5 true empathy and culture resp ect This level is the highest one of culture awareness. To attain this level, the learner must actually live in the foreign culture for some time. As for how long the learner must live in such a culture so that they can reach stage five. The amount of time is variable, greatly depending on the individual. At the fifth stage, unlike the previous stages the learner does not just see things intellectually from the viewpoint of the culture some or most of the time, instead he/she actually feel the part of culture, respects the culture fully and emphasizes emotionally with those who have lived all their life in that culture. By doing so, the person, in real sense, achieves a true culture understanding.In summary, today’s lecture is centered on the stages and growth of culture consciousness. Altogether there are five. 1 no understanding means one does not know anyone from that culture knows few, if any, facts. 2 superficial understanding means one knows some superficial facts and stereotypes. 3 growing understanding and possible conflict means one is aware of moresubtle traits but may experience culture conflicts probably believes one’s own culture is superior. 4 great inte llectual culture understanding means one understands the culture intellectually but not emotionally. 5 true empathy and culture respect means one understands the culture both intellectually and emotionally, can feel what the people in the culture feel. Hope the lecture will be helpful in your nurturing of your culture awareness. Thanks for your patience.Mini-lecture2(1)five (2)degree (3)modular (4)independent/self-directed (5)lectures (6)technical(7)local businesses (8)Honors degree (9)written examinations (10) commonBritish Educational SystemToday I’ll talk about the British educational system, including the primary and secondary education and the higher education in Britain. Meanwhile, I’ll try to make a comparison between the US an d the UK higher education.First, I’ll briefly introduce the primary and secondary education in Britain. In England and Wales, students study in primary schools from age five until eleven. They attend secondary school until age sixteen. Before graduating, students usually take seven comprehensive exams, called the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams. After passing the GCSE exams, students choose to study two to four subjects intensely for the GCE Advanced Level exams, called "A levels." At eighteen, they enter higher education to focus on a parti cular subject, called a "course."Now let’s move on to the higher education in Britain. First I’ll talk about the general practi ces in England and Wales, and then the general practices in Scotland.In England and Wales, prospective university students apply for places through the Universities Central Council on Admissions (UCCA). Students do not apply directly to the universities themselves. Successful candidates are admitted directly into a specific degree "course." A degree course normally takes three or four years to complete. At most universities students study only one major subject. Each course i s structured with a fixed program of classes for the entire three years. Increasingly, universities in the United Kingdom are offering classes on a modular(课程教学)以单元为基础的basis, whi ch allows students to broaden their studies creating a more interdisciplinary program. This modularization, however, has not replaced the traditional British degree course with the American concept of credit accumulation. In addition, there is generally a sharp distinction between the arts and sciences and there is seldom any cross-over between the two.At a British university, more emphasis i s placed on independent, self-directed study than in the United States. Required texts and definite reading assignments are less common. More typi cally, an extensive reading list covering all topi cs to be discussed is di stributed at the start of the course to be used for independent research. British students typically consult a large number of sources from the library rather than intensively studying a few books purchased by everyone taking a course. In addition, students are required to write more essays and take fewer objective tests than at U.S. institutions. Classes often take the following forms: lectures, which are sometimes completely optional; tutorials, in whi ch a small number of students meet with the lecturer; and seminars, larger discussion classes often based upon seminar essays. Unlike the U.S. system of regular testing in a course, British students sit for final examinations that cover the full year's work and determine the grades for the class. With the growth of modularization, however, there has al so been an increase in the number and variety of modules offered on a semester basi s.In Scotland, there are a variety of tertiary第三的,第三位的level options available for students, the most important of whi ch are the colleges of further education, the central institutions, teachers colleges and the universities. The colleges of further education provide vocational and technical education, and enroll more students than all other tertiary institutions combined. Central institutions provide courses leading to the Higher National Diploma (HND), bachelor's degrees and some specialized master's degrees. These institutions do not have the authority to directly validate degrees and tend to offer a narrower range of subjects than the universities. Many have close ties to local businesses, offering cooperative work experiences that provide students a period of practical training.Scottish universities are quite di stinct from their British counterparts. In fact, they more closely resemble European or American universities. The standard Scottish university degree is a four-year Honors degree (BA Hons). Students are rarelyadmitted directly to a degree "course." Usually they are admitted to a faculty or simply admitted to the university as a whole. Scottish university students begin with a broad-based program during the first year and choose a specialization专门[业]化after the second or even the third year. Students may also elect to complete a three-year Ordinary degree. This i s a broad-based degree that (unlike in England) does not represent a "failed" Honors degree.Next, let’s compare the US and the UK highe r education from two aspects,]namely, grading and course levels.First, about the Grading. In the UK, assessment methods vary by institution and tend to reflect the UK teaching method and style. Written examinations, whi ch are held at the end of a year or, in some cases, in the final undergraduate year only, are the most common form of study assessment. There i s no official method of equating British and American educational qualifications. The educational systems are very different and attempts to compare them must be done on a strictly provisional basis. Many U.S. institutions have already developed systems of assessing their study abroad students or equating British grades to U.S. grades.Professors at UK institutions grade more stri ctly than their counterparts in the United States. As a result, American students studying in the UK often perceive that they have performed poorly in their classes, when they have not. Grades are given as percentages rather than letter grades. Forty percent is the minimum passing grade and high percentages are rarely awarded. A grade of seventy percent or higher is considered "with distinction."In general, percentages increase from forty rather than decrease from 100 percent, as they do in the United States.Second, about the Course Levels. A typi cal British course load will vary from 3 to 6 modules or classes per term. Most students take 4 to 5 modules per term. The number of hours in class per week will vary by institution. Students should note that general education or basi c courses are not as common at UK universities because they have already been covered at the GCSE level. Many faculties assume that a student has a basi c understanding of the concepts that will be addressed in the course. For this reason, it is common for third-year American students to take first-year and second-year courses at a UK university.With thi s, we’re coming to the end of today’s lecture. Next time, we’ll talk about university degrees.Mini-lecture3 (1)coverage (2) limitation/confinement (3) variety(4)public—conscious(5) Reader’s Digest (6) promising/bright (7)portable cameras (8) transmitter (9) religion (10)lifeMass Media in America美国媒体Good morning, everyone,today my topic i s mass media in America. By media, we refer to the variety of means by which technology transmits information and entertainment to us. Thus, in its broadest sense, the term media includes newspaper, television, movies, radio, books, and magazines. Mass media specifi cally refer to those publications and programs that attempt to serve most or all of the people in a given market. Here I would like to introduce the mass media in America by dividing them into three groups: newspaper; magazines; radio and television.First, let’s have a look at newspapers. For a long time, newspapers have been the chief means by whi ch people get themselves informed. While television has replaced newspapers as the primary source of news for most Americans, and while computer network is increasingly becoming a faster and easier way of obtaining news for many Americans, newspapers still remain as one of the most powerful means of communications in the United States. For one thing, reading newspapers i s different from watching TV. It gives detailed coverage报道范围of news items, and tends to provide substantial treatment of news events. And, sometimes it offers interesting and stimulating opinions as well as analysis over important events at home and abroad. For another, unlike watching TV, reading newspapers does not require one to be confined to his sitting-room. He can do it virtually anywhere he likes: in his car, at the breakfast table, sitting in the sun, waiting at the subway station, and believe it or not, in the restroom. So, for these and many other reasons, newspapers in the United States are still a big bus iness. And, this is borne out by two facts: (1) the large circulation of a number of important newspapers such as USA Today《今日美国》and The Wall Street Journal《华尔街日报》; (2) the great variety of newspapers available in the United States, big and small, local and national, special and general, radical and conservative, and so on. The top 3 daily newspapers in the United States are: Wall Street Journal, USA Today and New York Times《纽约时报》.Second, we’ll move to magazines. According to a statisti cal record in 1990, there were over 12,205 magazines being published in the United States. More than 4,000 of them appear monthly, and over 1,300 are published each week. They cover all topics and interests, from art and architecture to sports, from aviation航空学,飞机制造业and gardening to computers and book reviews, from fashion design and cooking to homemaking. Quite a few have international editors, are translated into other languages, or have “daughter” editions in foreign countries. Among the many internationals are National Geographic《国家地理》杂志, Reader’s Digest《读者文摘》杂志,Cosmopolitan《大都会》,Vogue《时尚》杂志,Time《时代》,Newsweek 《新闻周刊》, Scientific American and Psychology Today. The weekly newsmagazines —the best known are Time, Newsweek, and U.S. News & World Report《美国新闻与世界报道》—serve as a type of national press. Unlike newspapers, however, weekly newsmagazines tend to give extensive coverage and provide detailed, and sometimes in-depth, analysis. Also unlike newspapers, whi ch usually have the lowest common denominator in their appeal to the general reading public, weekly newsmagazines normally target at the well-educated, well-informed, and public-conscious people of the society. Many weekly newsmagazines also have considerable international impact, particularly Time and Newsweek. The top three magazines in America are: (1) Reader’s Digest; (2) TV Guide《电视导读》; (3) The Conde Nast Select.Third, I’ll say something about radio and television. In more than two generations, the two powerful mass media transformed much of American life.Radio, emerging at the same period when the Great Depression pervaded蔓延, 在…中盛行in America, provided free entertainment in the comforts of the home. Families that could no longer afford to go out for entertainment gathered together in their living rooms to escape reality by laughing, fantasizing梦想,幻想and dreaming of happier times. From then on, radio became a first-class entertainment medium for most Ameri cans. Up until now, in view of the popularity of radio programs in the United States, the future of radio as a form of medium continues to look bright.Then, with the rapid development of science and technology, TV came into being in 1920s. It primarily serves as a medium of entertainment, and then also has a big role to play as a news broadcasting agency. Networks began experimenting with news at locally owned stations as early as January 1940. But, early-day television news could not begin to compare with radio news. Only after the invention of portable cameras and videotape recorders had television been made a much more credible news medium because viewers saw pictures of the news events on the day they occurred. Consequently, access to news is made much easier, and the general public is getting better informed.Gradually, television’s impact on American society has been more and more profound. It has changed the life-styles of most Americans and become a major influence on American culture. It can be seen from 5 aspects.First and foremost is the socialization effect. Many studies have shown that TV’s dominance as household activi ty often reduces the level of communi cation among family members and, as a result, much of the culture being distributed to youngsters today in the United States comes from the tube rather than the family.Secondly, television programming has played an important role in shaping and reflecting for the masses the cultural changes that have been occurring in American Society. TV functions both as a transmitter传送[递]者of new cultural trends and as a molder造型者,模塑者of new attitudes towards these new trends.Thirdly, television has revolutionized the marketing of goods in the Ameri can economy. With TV marketing, people become vulnerable to the products, or in other words, to the commercials.Fourthly, the cultural impact of violent TV programs has been quite enormous. Needless to say, the question of violence on TV has been around nearly as long as the medium. Many critics claim that TV violence increases violence in American society.Fifthly, the impact of TV on religion has al so been an issue of great concern to many Americans. So far now, it is still an issue full of di sputes.To sum up, the mass media in Ameri ca includes so many different forms, and each of them plays a vital role in American people’s life not only in the past, but also at present and in the future. To know much about America, one must have a good knowledge about its mass media.Mini-lecture4 (1)Westminster (2)signed (3)Councils (4)local taxes (5)Congress (6)powerful(7)veto (8)Constitution (9)in di sagreement (10)embodimentGovernment in Britain and the US英美政府Today we will focus on the Government in Britain and the United States. Let’s have a look at them one after the other.Government in Britain can be divided into National government and Local government.The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which makes all the important laws for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation课税, etc. Parliament i s made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the monarch. The Houses of Parliament are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster” itself i s used to mean Parliament.The House of commons, or the Commons, is the lower but more powerful of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called Members of Parliament or MPs, each representing people in a parti cular area or constituency(议员所代表的)(全体)选民;选(举)区. The House of Lords上议院, or the Lords, is the higher but less powerful of the two Houses. It has over 1,000 members, none of whom is elected. These members include: people who have titles like Lord or Viscount子爵whi ch have been passed down to them on the death of their father; people who are given titles as a reward for their long servi ce in public life, but whose children do not inherit their title; and some important leaders of the Church of England, such as Archbishops and Bishops.The government brings bills to the House of Commons下议院, whi ch are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to the House of Lords to be di scussed. The House of Lords can suggest changes to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it. When bills come back to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if they are passed they are signed by the monarch and become Acts of Parliament.At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by Parliament in Westminster. In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons. In Scotland there is a lot of di scussion about whether Scotland should have some separate or partly separate form of government. The same is true in Wales. The Local government in Britain, also known as Councils, can make small laws, that i s bylaws, whi ch only apply in their area, but these are usually about small, local matters. For instance, they may be about fines that will be made for people who park in certain streets.Councils are paid for by local taxes and also by an amount of money given to them each year by the national government. Their main job is the organizing and providing of local services, e.g. hospitals, schools, libraries, public transport, street-cleaning, etc. They are also responsible for setting the amount of local tax that people must pay and for collecting thi s tax.Local councils are elected by people within each town, city, or county area. The people who are elected, known as councilors, usually represent one of the national political parties, but are often elected because of their policies on local issues rather than the national policies of their party.Now let’s move to the topi c of Government in the US. All levels of government in the US, including federal, state, and local, are elected by the people of the country.First, we’ll talk about the federal government. The constitution of the US specifi cally limits the power of the federal, or national, government mainly to defense, foreign affairs, printing money, controlling trade and relations between the states, and protecting human rights. The federal government is made up of the Congress , the President, and the Supreme Court. Congress, the central law-making body in the US, i s made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is the lower but more important of the two houses of Congress. It has 435 members, called Representatives or Congressmen. The number of Representatives for each state depends on the size of the population of the state, with each state having at least one Representative. The Senate i s the higher but less powerful of the two houses of Congress. It has 100 members, called Senators, elected by their state. Each state has two Senators. Congress decides whether a BILL becomes law. If the Senate and the House of Representatives both agree to a bill, the President i s asked to agree. The President can veto the bill, but Congress can still make it a law if 2/3 of the members of each house agree to it.Second, we’ll learn something about the state government. The state government has the greatest influence in people’s daily lives. Each state has its own written Constitution, and among the states there are sometimes great differences in law on matters such as property, crime, health and education. The highest elected official of each state is the Governor. Each state also has one。

新视野大学英语1 电子优秀教案U1B1

4
学时
教案目的
1.To talk about college English learning。
2. To talk about college education。
3. To apply the words and phrases。
4. To master the speech writing skills。
Guide the Ss to master the writing skill: A topic sentence supported by details.
Unit 1 Fresh Start
I. Greet & introduction
1. Greet and introduce each other
•valuable life lessons, such as teamwork, leadership, or civic (公民) responsibility.
III. Text study
1.Read through the passage to get the main idea of it.
Try not to be a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value.
Section A Toward a brighter future for all
II.Warming up activities
1.Lead-in Questions
5. Detailed study of the text (85’):
6. Summary of the text. (10’)
7. Exercises. (20’)

新风尚大学实用英语第四册课后练习答案for Unit 1

Unit1SincereFriendship
Passage AThe Secrets of Male Friendships
BackgroundKnowledge
1.Clinton
2.
BillClintonwasbornon August19,1946and becamethe42ndPresident of the United Statesin1993and left theWhite Housein2001.He was thethird-youngest presidentwhenhewon thepresidencyat 46.
Part Two
Paras5-13
The reasons of therealexistance ofmale friendships
2. The writing style of the passage
This is a beautifuland well-arrangedessay that tells usthesecrets ofmalefriendships.
In 2004, he released his autobiographyMy Life, and was involved in his wife Hillary's2008 presidential campaignand subsequently in that of PresidentBarack Obama. In 2009, he was namedUnited NationsSpecial EnvoytoHaiti.In the aftermath of the2010 Haiti earthquake, Clinton teamed withGeorge W. Bushto form theClinton Bush Haiti Fund.

2-1-writing

Write and Produce
英语作文人物描写常用词
1．介绍人物的姓名、出身 She was born in Beijing on Oct. 12, 1986. She was a great woman with the name … Born of a poor clerk’s family, she had little schooling.
Write and Produce
2. 地点描写（Description of a Place）地点描写是指用生动形象的语言对地点或环境进行具体逼真的摹写描绘，使读者如睹其物、如临其境。在训练地点描写文的写作时，最好先练习一个十分熟悉的小地点，如教室、房间、商店、公园等，然后再练习描写一些较大的地点，如学校、街道、城市、国家等。要把地点描写得有形有神、可感可触，同学们应尽力做到观察入微、重点突出、描写生动、信息量大、感染力强。这种描写通常有两种方法。
Write and Produce
2. 地点描写（Description of a Place）
1）整体印象→细节描述（Overall Impression to Detailed Discussion）这种方法的描写先给出地点全貌的鸟瞰，然后用细节叙述对整体印象加以描述。这种方法的特点是突出文章的主题，吸引读者。其具体的写法是：首先选定要描写的地点，譬如教室，想想这个教室给你留下什么突出的印象，并将这种印象概括为一句话，这句话便是该段的主题句，如 “ My classroom is very clean and tidy.”，然后就描述它如何“clean”和“tidy”。
Write and Produce
Sample：

Chapter Four Developing Paragraphs

them has perhaps made me wiser.
Example --- Full Development
Taking part in sports can also help improve study efficiency. One study shows that people who take regular exercise suffer less from anxiety and are able to work harder. According to a medical report, 83 percent of the freshmen who had trouble with studies were in bad physical shape. And when they were put into a physical fitness program, their grades picked up more or less.
Discuss the unity in the following paragraphs.
Television has many harms. Since the television was invented, it has played an important part in people’s life. It has turned the big world to a small one. People can see the same program at the same time around the world. But, as soon as television comes into common families, it also has many harms, especially for the children. For example, children spend too much time watching television. As a result, they cannot concentrate on their studies. What is worse, their eyesight becomes poorer. And they are often exposed to violence, which is harmful to their mental growth.

大学艺术英语教程课件unit1_text A

Picasso said he stole the work out of patriotism. (para.7)
out of: because of a perticular feeling 出于，由于 translate the sentence: They obeyed him out of fear rather than respect. 他们之所以服从他，是由于害怕，而不是尊敬。
Keys for the Exercises
Section A. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. was stolen; disappeared or vanished from Louvre 2. thoroughly; completely 3. be known to everyone; think of an idea, answer, etc. 4. keep something hidden from others 5. cleared up their doubts
Gernica by Picasso
Part Ⅱ Text A
The Day the Mona Lisa Was Stolen
1. Main Idea
Is it a fiction(小说)? Or is it a narration （记叙文）? What’s the main idea of this passage? It is a true story about the most famous art theft of the 20th century. It tells us how Mona Lisa was stolen.

detailed study of the text(1)

copper-smith market
tinkling; banging, clashing; dancing flashes; apprentice
carpet market
rich odors; varied textures; regional designs; (food, dye, pottery, carpenters’ market)
Description
The soul of description: minute details, specific concrete words to appeal to the reader's sense of
sight smell taste hearing touch
Description
discourse analysis
The passage follows a general-specific pattern. G(para. 1) S1(para.2) S2(para.5-6) S3(para.7) S4(para.8-9)
MS(para.3-4)
discourse analysis
Description
It conveys the sensations, emotions and impressions that affect a writer experiencing a person, place, object or idea. The writer describes what he sees, hears, smells, feels or tastes, and it often includes his emotional reactions to the physical sensation of the experience.

新视野英语教程(第二版)1unit10

The company always does badly at this time of year. 公司每年这个时候生意总是很不景气。
2.solve: vt. find a solution to, an explanation of, or a way of dealing with (something) 解答，解决
On average, males score
higher on tests that measure
mathematical reasoning, mechanical ability, and problemsolving skills. Females, on the other hand, do better on tests measuring vocabulary, spelling, and memory.
Words and Expressions
1.do well / badly: advance or perform successfully or unsuccessfully 干得很好/糟糕 e.g. I hope you’ll do better in the future.
我希望你将来会干的好些。
In today's world, most people believe that this situation is wrong, and that there is a solution: if men and women were both encouraged to learn and to solve problems in the same ways, more room would be available in society for new ideas from everyone.

现代大学英语精读第3册lesson-1PPT课件

expressing this idea.)
It (suddenly / never) occurs to someone that… It (suddenly / gradually) dawned on someone
that… It struck someone that…
2. From adolescence to young adulthood (para Youth and Crisis, and Gandhi’s Truth.
6. …identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. (para.2)
Other uses of this phrasal verb:
Harry believed that he could go through walls by saying those magic words.
I don’t think this plan will go through the Security
Erik H. Erickson
A Freudian psychologist, most famous for his work in refining and expanding Freud’s theory of developmental stages.
taught at Yale, and Harvard. author of many books including Childhood
anxieties that you go through during adolescence when you are not sure who you really are and what your purpose in life is.

高考全国一卷英语题型

高考全国一卷英语题型一、命题特点与趋势总体来说，2023年英语新高考全国I卷继续深化基础性，增强综合性、应用性和创新性，降低“机械刷题”收益，更加注重学生科学精神、创新能力和批判性思维能力的培养。

试卷选材凸现立德树人导向、引导学生全面发展，试题命制强调教考衔接、考查关键能力，注重科学素养、倡导实践创新精神，突出问题解决、考查思维品质，优化情境设计，走进真实语言。

下文将对英语新高考全国I卷的选材与命题特点进行详细阐释。

1坚持立德树人深化五育并举试卷语篇围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题，选材广泛、体裁多样，传播正能量，引导考生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，对体美劳教育的引导与考查内容、考查要求、考查情景有机融合，体现了国家“五育并举”要求的落实，引导考生坚定理想信念，增强文化自信，拓宽国际视野，培养跨文化意识。

七选五是一篇说明文，文章鼓励人们多进行自我宽恕，并介绍了一个简单的方法，通过列出个人的优点和善行，学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长，旨在让考生建立正确的自我认知，培养其健康的情感态度。

完形填空介绍了一名越野赛跑运动员在比赛中将受伤的运动员背至终点就医，虽因此事与获奖失之交臂，但她的善举体现了人性之善的力量，引导考生思考比赛的真谛，培养帮助他人的优秀品质。

语法填空则是介绍了中华美食小笼包的美味与制作，增强考生的文化自信。

读后续写讲述的是一名英语为第二语言的学生在老师的鼓励下参加作文比赛并获奖的故事，引导考生坚定个人信念，培养自信。

详见表1。

表1 2023年英语新高考全国I卷语篇主题总揽2突出关键能力深化基础知识考查作为英语课程内容六要素之一的语言知识是构成语言能力的重要基础（教育部，2020）。

可见语言知识的掌握是英语学科核心素养培养的重要根基。

2023年英语新高考全国I卷对基础语言知识的考查更为深入全面，不仅体现在完形填空、语法填空题目中，也体现在阅读等语言知识综合运用的题目中。

（1）词汇考查更为全面深入例如，阅读理解第22小题是阅读题目中最为简单的细节理解题，但考查的是考生是否掌握additional day的含义；阅读理解第24小题正确选项中的inquiring mind, 干扰项中的long to都是考生需要掌握的地道鲜活的语言；阅读C篇中的make the case for、draw on也是不常见的短语。

现代大学英语精读第二版book3unit1

Objectives
Unit 1
Warming up
Warming up Questions/Activities
1. What is the article mainly about? 2. How much do you know about developmental changes?
What does the author say that strikes you most? 3. What is an identity crisis? Can you define “identity〞? 4. Are there any other key concepts mentioned in the text that
2. identity: the qualities that make sb or sth what they are
3. who you are; what strengths and weaknesses you have; how you perceive yourself as well as how other people perceive you ( self image and the image you present to others)
• parallelism, e.g.
✓ words (para. 2): strengths and weaknesses ✓ phrases (para. 2): determined by genetic endowment;
shaped by environment; influenced by chance events ✓ sentences (para. 1): 3 consecutive questions

大学英语综合教程第五单元答案。

Key to ExercisesOpenerMary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday2. AMA Ask me anything3. OMG Oh my God!4. YOLO You only live once5. FOMO Fear of missing out6. FYI For your information7. LOL Laugh out loud8. TBH To be honest9. PPL People10. ETA Estimated time of arrivalTranscript:A: Hey, Mary.B: Hey, Mel.A: TGIF.B: TGIF.A: Mel, I need some advice on something.B: AMA?A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo.B: OMG! Really? Are you serious?A: Well, YOLO.B: That’s true.A: Well.B: When are you going to do it?A: I’m thinki ng tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come?B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO.A: What a shame!B: Yeah,A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead.B: I’m not bu sy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend.A: What? That’s so not like you.B: LOL, that’s true.A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL.B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell? Yes, why not? I’ll go.A: OK, well, OK. What do you wanna do? Do you want to come to mine first?B: Sounds good.A: And ETA?B: Eh eight o’clock?A: Eight, eight o’clock?B: Yeah.A: On the dot?B: Won’t be late.A: OK. Cool. Later.B: See you later, bye.A: Bye.Reading & InteractingI. Understanding the Text1. Text Organization2. Comprehension Check2.1 Digging into detail1) They are more concerned with getting their message across rather than grammar, spelling or sentence structure.2) We are increasingly using more streamlined and concise language.3) They can be used to describe the mood of communicators and clarify the real meaning of theirmessage.4) It is sharpening up writing skills. It shows the disparity between good and bad writing, and as a result writers are becoming better educated and more aware of global grammatical standards.5) Because of the Internet, many Americanisms such as “road trip” and “what’s up” have been ingrained into “International English.”6) Writers who specialize in short form and writers who focus on long form.7) There is a 140-character limit to a message and little room to worry about grammar.8) It is the web culture itself rather than mobile devices and social channels.9) It is best to communicate formally in the workplace, especially with older co-workers and clients.10) It will become less of a priority since “standard” grammar is evolving.2.2 Understanding difficult sentences1. B2. A3. B4. BII. Focusing on Language in Context1. Key Words & Expressions1.11) We had a detailed dis cussion of Jane Austen’s writing style.2) A motivated and committed team is vital to business success.3) The experiment is at best only partially successful, leaving much to be desired.4) Nearly everyone here hails from a small town at the foot of Mount Eden.5) Despite the weak economy, these CEOs are quite confident about the future of their own business.6) You have to be aware of cultural differences when doing business in a globalized market.7) Professional translators quite often specialize in just one field, for example law or medicine.8) When pursuing the deeper meaning of any event in history, it is essential to understand its historical context.9) Professor Peterson was invited to give a speech at a conference held for the top executives at Fortune 500 companies.10) The most common mistake one may commit is submitting a “one-size-fits-all” application letter that lacks personality.11) It is the way a team plays as a whole that determines its success, not the individual stars.12) An example of mobile communication is sending emails from a computer using a wireless network at your local coffee shop.13) Only if you have been in the deepest valley, can you ever know how impressive it is to be on the highest mountain.14) Believe it or not, it is very important to sharpen up your communication skills to excel in every area of your life.15) Speaking of Tom, it seems all his time is taken up with social engagements.1.21) rare2) concise3) dumped4) link5) excels in6) impacted on7) filtered into8) ingrained in9) conforms to1.31) Michael’s parents urged him to study science, but in his second year of college he switched to literature.2) If an employee gets angry with his/her employer, the best thing an employer can do is to communicate with him/her.3) I admit that there were times when I was at a total loss as to how to respond to criticisms.4) The management did not seem to consider office safety (to be) a priority.5) Over the years the small company has evolved into a multi-million dollar enterprise.2. Usage1) Simon unexpectedly won a gold medal in the 10,000 meter run.2) Actually I don’t want to work as hard as I am doing now, and I want more work-life balance.3) The campaign has certainly succeeded in raising public awareness of the urgency ofenvironmentalprotection.4) This software company is reportedly planning on cutting hundreds of jobs.5) This mission could conceivably be accomplished within a month.6) This seafood restaurant is arguably the best in Shanghai.3. Sentence Patterns3.11) There’s no doubt that the Internet impacts (on) our daily lives.2) There’s no doubt that we should conform to the rules of engagement in the workplace.3) There’s no d oubt that body language is vital to effective communication.3.21) We expect you boys to behave yourselves, and the same goes for the girls.2) Life doesn’t pause, and the same goes for learning.3) Simply showing love and support can reduce the pain of an injured child, and the same goes for adults.4. Comprehensive Practice4.1 ClozeHas the evolution of technology been a disaster for the way we communicate with one another? Some people certainly fear that the development of computers and smartphones has had a negative effect on language. But such an assessment is probably too harsh. For language inevitably evolves to take advantage of new methods of communication. Rather than limiting our ability to communicate by killing off language such changes often offer fresh ways for us to sharpen up our communication skills. Emoticons and emojis, for example, may not be appropriate where a more formal tone is required, but in informal contexts they offer a concise way of expressing our mood.4.2 TranslationModern technology impacts on the way we communicate. For example, the language of texting is streamlined, with many abbreviations and acronyms. To get their message across and avoid misunderstanding, people also use qualifying emoticons to clarify tones or moods. The economic forms used in digital communication are creeping into our spoken language. Somepeople respond to the change with negative and even harsh comments. They think this type of change is a disaster and the Internet is killing off our language. But most experts believe that languages have a way of evolving and technology has always had an effect on language. The evolution should be viewed as progress, not regression.Reading & Comprehending1. Comprehension Check for Reading 1A. (1)B. (4)C. (11)D. (12)E. (14)2. Translation1) 在工作场所，原本被认为不合适的表情符和绘文字正逐渐被接受，这主要是因为工作场所中的人员构成在改变。

新风尚大学实用英语第三册课后练习答案for unit 6

东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。
There was a bigcontrastbetween the two opponents.
两位对手之间的观点有巨大的差别。
b)v.(contrast A and/with B)to compare in order to show difference between them对照，对比
e.g.
It’s interesting tocontrastthe British legal system with the American one.
把英国的法制与美国的对比很有意思。
His actionscontrastedsharply with his promises.
他的行动和他的诺言相差甚远。
3.Wearingundershirt, I wassprawledon the living room floor exhausted because I had just spent a sleepless night on dutyin my hospital.(Para.5)
分词在句中可以充当不同的成分：在此句中“wearingundershirt”在句中作伴随状语，“sprawled”作表语，“exhausted”作状语,修饰谓语“was sprawled”。
这种新的制度一开始将会面临很大困难。
He was confronted with the possibilities of failure.But he persisted.
他遇到了失败的可能。但他没有放弃
2.Bright Leaves,reflectingsunlight from a cloudless sky, made a pleasantcontrastwith shadows in my garden as Igazedthroughwide-flungdoorsopeningto the south.