商务英语翻译6-11章

• 4）We were all in favor of his suggestion. • （介词转译成汉语动词） • 我们全体赞成他的建议。 • 5）Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life. • （形容词转译成汉语动词） • 医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。 • 6）He was not aware of her presence till she spoke to him.（形容词转译成汉语动词） • 直到她开口说话他才意识到她在面前。
• 7.In catching up with and surpassing the world’s advanced levels, time is the key factor. Time means life, time means speed, time means strength. • 赶超世界先进水平， 关键是时间。时间就 是生命，时间就是速度，时间就是力量。 • 8. We must actively introduce new techniques, equipment, technologies and material. • 我们必须积极采用新技术，新设备、新工 艺、新材料。
• 四、练习 • 1．They went on strike in demand of a • 40 per cent wage increase. • 他们举行罢工，要求工资增加40%。 • （名词 动词） • 2．Difference between the social • systems of states shall not be an • obstacle to their approachment and • cooperation. • 国与国社会制度的不同不应妨碍彼此 • 的 接近与 合作。（名词动词）
• 2. 形容词译成汉语名词 • 1）They did their best to help the sick and the wounded. • 他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。 • 2 ） Robin Hood and his merry men hated the rich and loved and protested the poor. • 罗宾汉和他的伙伴们痛恨阔人热爱并保 护穷人。 • 3）Steven was eloquent and elegant-- but soft. • 史蒂文森有口才，有风度。
• 4 ） The youths always dream fondly of their future. • 年轻人对前途总是怀有美好的梦想。 • 5) Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction. • 有独立见解的观察家们对你们在这 方面所取得的成就给予了很高的评 价。
• 三、其他转译法 • 1) You are a greater blockhead than I had supposed you to be. • 你比我所想象得要傻的多。（名词 形容 词） • 2) His address impressed me deeply. • 他的话给我留下很深的印象。（副 形容 词） • 3) He is the right man I’m looking for. • 他正是我要找的人。（形 副词）
• 6. The lion is the king of animals. • 7.In catching up with and surpassing the world’s advanced levels, time is the key factor. Time means life, time means speed, time means strength. • 8. We must actively introduce new techniques, equipment, technologies and material.
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4.The Americans and the Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of messages. 美日双方在完全保密的情况下相互交换了信 件。（解释性增加） 5. There were rows of houses which he had never seen before. 一排排的房屋，都是他从来没有见过的。 6. The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王.
• 3．The road to development is long but we are • firmly on it. • 发展的道路虽然漫长，可我们已坚定地走上 • 了这条路。（介词动词） • 4．Don’t be afraid of those who might have a • better idea or who might even be smarter • than you are. • 不要惧怕那些想法比你高明，或者那些可能 • 比你更聪明的人。（形容词动词） • 5．That book will be out pretty soon. • 那本书不久就要出版了。（副词动词
• 3．The road to development is long but we are • firmly on it. • 4．Don’t be afraid of those who might have a • better idea or who might even be smarter • than you are. • 5．That book will be out pretty soon.
• 又如：He took his students to the factory for a visit. “他带学生到工厂去参观。” 原文中只有一个动词took，译成汉语后却出现了 4个动词。可见在翻译中，有时要把原文的一种 词转换成译入语的另一种词类。随着词类的变化， 句子的结构也产生了变化。 • 一、转译成汉语动词 • 在英译汉时，英语中的许多意思都可以用汉 语的动词来表达。例如：ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
• 6．It is our goal that the people in the underdeveloped area will be finally off poverty. • 7．The book did not impress me at all. • 8. Harry aims to become a computer • expert. • 9. Obedience is obligatory on a soldier. • 10. Our government shows great concern for the Chinese resident abroad. • 11．From the front, back and both sides we kept a strict watch on the enemy.
第六章 英语翻译中的 词类转换法
• 英汉两种语言的使用范围和表达方式不尽相同， 翻译时有些句子可以逐词（word-for-word） 对译，如：She is a beautiful girl.“她是个漂 亮姑娘。 • 此译文中的词性基本上与英语相当。 • 但在大多数情况下，翻译句子时不能逐渐词 对译，如：He is a liar. 就不能直译为“他是 个说谎的人，”因为汉语习惯不这样说，可译 为“他爱说谎。”这样，汉语各词的词性与英 语就不对应了。
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二、转译成汉语名词 1． 动词译成汉语名词 1）Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。 2）This store features round-the-clock service. 这家商店的特点是昼夜服务。 3）Your work is characterized by lack of attention to detail. • 你工作的毛病是不注意细节（或：粗心大意）。 • 如果英语动词译成汉语动词时跟前后的修饰语不好搭 配；或搭配起来不符合汉语习惯，可以把动词译成名词， 再在名词前加上与之搭配的动词。
• 练习（第四、五章增词法与减词法） • 1. I knew it quite well as I know it now. • 2. As he sat down and began talking,
words poured out.
• 3. This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. • 4.The Americans and the Japanese • conducted a completely secret exchange of messages. • 5. There were rows of houses which he had never seen before.
• 四、练习 • 1．They went on strike in demand of a • 40 per cent wage increase. • 2．Difference between the social • systems of states shall not be an • obstacle to their approachment and • cooperation.
• 1）We mustn’t lose sight of the fact that air pollution is going from bad to worse in our city. 我们不能忽略这一事实，空气污染在我们城市中 日益严重。 (名词转译成汉语动词) （具备动词概 念的名词） • 2）The airline has been in operation for many years.（名词转译成汉语动词） • 这家航空公司已经营多年。 • 3）Do you see the boy in blue? (介词转译成汉 语动词) • 你看见那位穿蓝衣服的男孩子吗？
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英语中表示知觉、情欲、欲望等心理状态的 形容词，在系动词后做表语，往往可转译成汉语 动 词 。 常 见 的 形 容 词 有 “ confident, certain, careful, cautious, angry, sure, glad, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, sorry, delighted, ashamed, thankful, anxious, grateful, able…” • 7) She opened the window to let fresh air in. (副 词转译成汉语动词) • 她把窗户打开，让新鲜空气进来。
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六、练习（第四、五章增词法与减词法） 1. I knew it quite well as I know it now. 我当时就知道的同现在一样清楚。 (语法增加） 2. As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个 没完。（增加副词） 3. This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 （形容词前增加名词）