noam chomsky

Five stages of development
The Classical Theory(古典理论)----aiming to make linguistics a science The Standard Theory（标准理论）---dealing with how semantics should be studied in a linguistics theory The Extended Standard Theory（扩展的标准理论） ---discussing on language universals and universal grammar The Revised Extended StandardTheory(or GB) （修正的扩展标准理论或称管约理论）---discussing on government and binding The Minimalist Program（最简方案）----making a further revision of the previous theory
Chomsky
has his unique ideas and achievements in many fields
the contribution of linguistics
He
is the conversion - generative grammar founder. Chomsky is a rich exploration spirit of
“a
Transformational—Generative Grammar(TGG)
system of rules that in some explicit and well-defined way assigns structural descriptions to sentences”（一套用来给 句子进行结构描ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu 、 定义明确严格的规则 系统）
the linguists, especially in the syntax structure research, he is a world-famous linguist .
LAD—language acquisition devices （语言习得机制）
Chomsky
believes that language is somewhat innate, and that children are born with what he calls a LANGUAGE ACQUISITION DEVICE(LAD), which is a unique kind of knowledge that fits them for language learning.
Noam Chomsky
Noam Chomsky,
American linguist, philosopher, political activist, conversion - generative grammar founder（转换-生成语法创始人）.
He
was born in Philadelphia（费城） in 1928. In 1947, under the influence of the Harris, he started to study linguistics. In 1955 Chomsky get linguistics doctor‘s degree in university of Pennsylvania （宾夕法 尼亚大学） In 1976 he was appointed professor, and then to nearly fifty years have been in MIT(麻省理 工大学) to teach.
Main
Books
For the United States government criticism
Chomsky
hold sharp critical position to U.S. government . To U.S. foreign policy criticism became many of his political one of the base . Chomsky think the United States as the world's existing the only superpower, and former all superpower as arbitrariness, especially in the Vietnam war and the war in Iraq.

Thank you
Chomsky
argues that LAD probably consists of three elements: a hypothesis-maker, linguistic universal, and an evaluation procedure.
the psychology contribution

Main Features
Rationalism (理性主义) ； innateness (先天论) ； deductive methodology （演绎的方法）； emphasis on interpretation (强调解释) ； formalization (形式化)； emphasis on linguistic competence (强调语言 能力) ； strong generative powers (强大的生成力) ； emphasis on linguistic universals(重视语言的普遍 性)
Syntactic
Structures (1957) 《句法结构》 Current Issues in Linguistic Theory(1964)《当 前语言学中的争端》 Aspects of the Theory of Syntax(1965)《句法理 论的若干问题》 Language and Mind(1968)《语言和心灵》 Studies on Semantics in Generative Grammar(1972)《生成语法的语义学研究》 Reflections on Language（1975）《语言论》
Chomsky‘s
linguistics works, for psychology in the 20th century have exerted great influence on the development direction. Chomsky in his 1966 Cartesian linguistics （笛卡尔主义语言学） and later on in the works of the capacity for human language to explain later became some psychology research in the field of template.