动词to do 和ing形式区分
小学英语动词to do、动词ing和动词原形的用法总结及运用技巧
小学英语动词to do、动词ing和动词原形的用法总结运用技巧动词to do(不定式)、动词ing(动名词)以及动词原形这三种动词形态是小学英语考试的一个重难点,也是困扰很多学生的一个难题,下面讲解下这三种基本动词形态的区别。
一、动词原形怎么用?1、语法层面。
一般现在时中,主语非第三人称单数,其后的动词用原形。
如:We all like learning English.(we不是第三人称单数,其后like用原形)2、句式层面。
祈使句(表达命令、要求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子)开头的动词用原形。
如下2例:(1)Be quiet!all of you.(你们所有人都要保持安静!)(2)Don't do your homework late at night! or you will be late for school tomorrow. (晚上不要做你的家庭作业太晚,否则你明天将会上学迟到)3、用词搭配层面。
分几种情况:(1)情态动词。
如can/could/should/must/will等后面动词用原形。
例:Daniel can play basketball well.(情态动词can紧随其后的动词用原形)(2)固定搭配。
let sb do sth./make sb do sth./ help sb do sth.例:Let's have some fun!(让我们玩的开心)(3)助动词。
如do/does/did以及它们的否定形式,后面跟动词原形。
例:Does she read newspapers?(does后紧随其后的动词用原形)(4)why not do sth.为什么不做某事例:Why not sing a song?(为什么不唱首歌呢?)二、动词to do怎么用?1、语法层面。
动词to do 形式表目的,意为“为了……/去干……”,放在句首的时候表达“为了”,放在句中或句末时表达“去干”,下面举3个例子说明:例1:To keep safe, you shouldn't run on the road.(为了保持安全,你不应该在路上跑)例2:What should you do to cross the road safely?(你应该做什么去安全地穿过马路?)例3:Beijing is a beautiful place to travel.(北京是一个去旅游的好地方)2、句式层面。
动名词与动词不定式的区别
动名词与动词不定式的区别动名词和动词不定式是英语中的两种非谓语动词形式,它们在用法和含义上有一些区别。
本文将介绍动名词和动词不定式的区别。
1. 形式- 动名词的形式是动词的现在分词形式,通常以-ing结尾。
例如:doing, going。
- 动词不定式的形式是动词的原形,通常以to加在动词前面。
例如:to do, to go。
2. 主语- 动名词可以作为句子的主语。
例如:Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)- 动词不定式不能直接作为句子的主语,但可以通过动名词的形式来表示。
例如:To swim is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
)3. 动词后的宾语- 动名词可以直接跟在动词后作为宾语。
例如:I enjoy swimming.(我喜欢游泳。
)- 动词不定式通常需要用介词to来连接动词和宾语。
例如:I want to go swimming.(我想去游泳。
)4. 介词用法- 动名词可以直接跟在介词后使用。
例如:I'm interested in learning new languages.(我对研究新的语言感兴趣。
)- 动词不定式通常需要用介词to来引导介词短语。
例如:I'm looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。
)5. 用法和含义- 动名词表示一种持续性的动作或状态。
例如:He enjoys singing.(他喜欢唱歌。
)- 动词不定式表示一种将要发生的动作或状态。
例如:He wants to sing.(他想要唱歌。
)总结:动名词和动词不定式在形式、主语、宾语和介词用法上存在一些差异。
学会区分它们的用法和含义有助于提高英语表达的准确性和流利度。
小学英语动词to do、动词ing和动词原形的用法总结及运用技巧
小学英语动词to do、动词ing和动词原形的用法总结及运用技巧动词to do、动词ing和动词原形是小学英语考试的难点,下面介绍它们的用法。
一、动词原形的用法1.在一般现在时中,主语非第三人称单数,其后的动词用原形,例如:We all like learning English.2.祈使句开头的动词用原形,例如:Be quiet!all of you.3.情态动词后面跟动词原形,例如:___ ___.4.固定搭配let sb do sth./make sb do sth./help sb do sth。
例如:Let's have some fun!5.助动词do/does/did以及它们的否定形式后面跟动词原形,例如:Does she read newspapers?6.why not do sth.为什么不做某事,例如:Why not sing a song?二、动词to do的用法1.动词to do形式表目的,放在句首时表达“为了”,放在句中或句末时表达“去干”,例如:To keep safe。
you shouldn't run on the road.2.动词to do也可以用在不定式结构中,例如:What should you do to cross the road safely?3.动词to do也可以用在一些固定搭配中,例如:I want to go to the park to play.以上是动词to do、动词ing和动词原形的用法总结,希望对大家有所帮助。
Beijing is a great n for travelers。
With its rich history and culture。
stunning architecture。
and us food。
it offers a ___ Forbidden City。
climb the Great Wall。
-ing和to do的区别
1.stop to do sth ;stop doing sth (停止去做某事;停止正在做的事)2.remember to do sth ;remember doing sth (记得去做某事;记得曾做过某事)3.forget to do sth ; forget doing sth (忘记去做某事;忘记曾做过某事)4.go on to do sth ; go on doing sth (继续去做另一件事;继续去做上一件事)5.like to do sth ; like doing sth6.love to do sth ;love doing sth7.prefer to do sth.;prefer doing sth8.hate to do sth ;hate doing sth打起来费劲,还是搜一个不错的推荐给你吧。
至于记忆的诀窍嘛,后接doing sth.多是指做过某事、持久的事;to do sth 去做另一件事、一时的想法。
建议多读几遍,感觉就出来了。
一.含有ing句型:1. carry on\keep doing 坚持做某事2. practise doing sth. 练习做某事3. keep sb. Doing 使某人一直做某事4. enjoy doing 喜欢做某事5. finish doing 完成做某事6. be afraid of doing 害怕做某事7. (sth)be worth doing 值得做8. be busy doing 忙于做某事9. how about doing//what about doing 做某事怎么样10. spend some time (in)doing 花时间做某事11. spend some money (in) buying 花钱做某事12. feel like doing 想做某事13. stop/keep/prevent … from doing 阻止某人做某事14. thank sb for doing 感谢某人做某事15. thanks for doing 感谢做某事16. do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做点饭、打扫一下卫生、读点书、逛逛街、洗洗衣服17. go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 去游泳、钓鱼、逛街、滑冰、划船18. mind doing 介意做某事19. prefer doing … to doing… 比起做某事更喜欢做某事20. can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事21. have fun/difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 做某事有趣、有困难、有困难、有困难22. waste time/money doing 浪费时间、钱做某事23. instead of doing 代替做某事24. miss doing 错过做某事二、含有不带to的动词不定式句型:1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事2. would you please (not) do sth. 你可以做某事吗?3. why not do sth. 为什么不做某事?4. why don’t you do sth. 为什么你不做某事?5. Shall we do sth.? 我们要做某事吗?6. let sb do sth. 让某人做某事7. make/have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事三、含有带to的动词不定式句型:1. It’s time to do sth. 现在是做某事的时候了2. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人时间3. tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/ sb. to do sth. 告诉、叫、想、鼓励、邀请某人做某事4. Would you like to do sth.? 你想做某事吗/5. It’s good/bad to do sth. 做某事好、不好6. It’s good/bad for sb.to do sth. 某人做某事好、不好7. be+adj.+enough to do sth. 足够+形容词做某事8. sb. is ready to do sth. 某人准备好做某事9. It’s+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人+形容词(做这件事对你好)10. It’s+adj.+ of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事+形容词(你做这件事真好)11. would like/love /decide/want/wish/to do sth. 想、喜欢、决定、想、希望做某事12. would like/love sb. to do sth. 想、喜欢某人做某事13. Prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里不愿出去14. how/ when/where/whether to do sth 怎么、什么时候、在哪里、要不要做某事15. can’t wait to do 迫不及待做某事16. too … to do … 太怎么样而不能做某事17. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do 害怕、准备、能够、确定做某事18. seem to do 似乎做某事四、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型:1.stop to do/ doing 停下来做另一件事停止做某事2.forget to do/ doing 忘记做某事忘记做过某事3.remember to do/doing 记住做某事记得做过某事4.go on to do/doing 继续做另一件事继续做某事5.like to do/doing 喜欢做某事(临时、长期)6.love to do/doing 喜欢做某事(临时、长期)7.prefer to do/doing 更喜欢做某事(临时、长期)8.hate to do/doing 讨厌做某事(临时、长期)五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同:1.begin to do/doing 开始做某事2.start to do/doing 开始做某事3.continue to do/doing 继续做某事六、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型:用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程;用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。
非谓语动词之动词ing的用法
非谓语动词ing基本用法一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。
一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s useless doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
动词不定式和动词 -ing形式运
Remember to do --- 记得要去做某事(该事情还没开始做)
Remember doing --- 记得做过某事(该事情已经作了)
Forget to do --- 忘记去做某事(该事情还没做)--- 例如:Don’t forget to bring my book.
Forget doing --- 忘记已经做过的某事 (例如:I cannot forget seeing your friend.)
例如: Tom planned not to do it with him.
动Hale Waihona Puke –ing形式: V+ing功能:正在进行, 主动,强调动作频率大(常常如此)
1, 动词 –ing作主语:
Swimming is a good sport.
2, 动词 –ing 作宾语:
遇到enjoy,finish, keep, mind,practice等词语,后面直接加V+ing作宾语
3, 动词不定式作表语:
My job is to serve you well. --- 主系表结构,表语除了可以用名词,形容词外,还可以有to do不定式。
4, 动词不定式表示目的:
He will go to the shop to buy some food. to buy some food 就是表示目的。
5, 不带to 的动词不定式:
当遇到help, have, let, make等词, 后接的不定式需要省略to,但注意这里任然是不定式结构。 例如:It will make you feel better. I will help you repair your desk.
人教版初中英语短语结构(to do 结构、ing结构、to和ing结构、 do 动词原形结构)
初中英语1.+ to do 结构ask sb. to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 协助做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望做某事invite sb. to do sth. 约请某人做某事drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事offer to do sth. 自动提出做某事plan to do sth. 方案做某事prepare to do sth. 预备做某事pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事promise to do sth. 容许做某事refuse to do sth. 回绝做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事2. -ing结构consider doing sth. 思索做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事put off doing sth. 推延做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事admit doing sth. 承认做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事delay doing sth. 推迟做某事deny doing sth. 否认做某事discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事fancy doing sth. 设想做某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事keep doing sth. 保持做某事mention doing sth. 提及做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事report doing sth. 报告做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事understand doing sth. 理解做某事bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事catch sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事find sb. doing sth. 碰上(撞上)某人做某事get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事send sb. doing sth.使某人(突然)做某事set sb. doing sth. 使(引起)某人做某事start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人做某事3. +to /+ing结构remember to do sth. 记住去做某事,表示这件事情还没有做remember doing sth. 记得做过某事forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事。
常见动词to do 和ing
一、接不定式(而不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词afford to do sth.负担得起做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事ask to do sth. 要求做某事beg to do sth. 请求做某事care to do sth. 想要做某事choose to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事determine to do sth. 决心做某事expect to do sth. 期待做某事fear to do sth. 害怕做某事help to do sth. 帮助做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事learn to do sth. 学习做某事manage to do sth. 设法做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事plan to do sth. 计划做某事prepare to do sth. 准备做某事pretend to do sth. 假装做某事promise to do sth. 答应做某事refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事wish to do sth. 希望做某事注:有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式,不接动名词:aim to do sth. 打算做某事fail to do sth. 未能做某事long to do sth. 渴望做某事happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事struggle to do sth. 努力做某事二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事三、接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的34个常用动词admit doing sth. 承认做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事consider doing sth. 考虑做某事delay doing sth. 推迟做某事deny doing sth. 否认做某事discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事fancy doing sth. 设想做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事keep doing sth. 保持做某事mention doing sth. 提及做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事miss doing sth. 错过做某事pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事put off doing sth. 推迟做某事report doing sth. 报告做某事risk doing sth. 冒险做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事understand doing sth. 理解做某事四,接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词(1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事(2) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事(3) regret to do sth. 后悔(遗憾)要做某事regret doing sth. 后悔(遗憾)曾做过某事(4) try to do sth. 设法要做某事try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果(5) mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事(6) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事(7) go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做的事注:stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同。
动词to do与doing用法区别
动词to do与doing用法区别在英语学习中,动词的 to do 形式和 doing 形式的用法是一个重要且常让人感到困惑的知识点。
理解它们之间的区别对于正确使用英语、表达准确的意思至关重要。
首先,让我们来看看动词不定式 to do 的用法。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,可以在句子中充当多种成分。
作为主语时,如“To learn English well is not easy”(学好英语不容易。
)此时,它常常表示具体的、一次性的或未来的动作。
作宾语时,常见的动词有 want, hope, decide 等。
例如:“I want to go shopping”(我想去购物。
)这里表达的是一种意愿或计划。
作定语时,它通常放在被修饰词的后面。
比如:“I have a lot of work to do”(我有很多工作要做。
)作状语时,可表示目的、结果等。
“He came here to see me”(他来这儿是为了看我。
)这就是表示目的。
而动词的 ing 形式(doing),也有着丰富的用法。
作主语时,“Reading is a good habit”(阅读是个好习惯。
)它更强调一种一般性、习惯性的动作。
作宾语时,比如 enjoy, finish 等动词后常接 ing 形式。
“I enjoy reading books”(我喜欢读书。
)作定语时,“The swimming pool is very big”(这个游泳池很大。
)作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、伴随等。
“While reading the book, I fell asleep”(在读书的时候,我睡着了。
)在某些动词后,接 to do 和 doing 形式会有不同的含义。
例如,remember to do 表示“记得去做某事(还未做)”,remember doing 表示“记得做过某事”;forget to do 是“忘记去做某事(还未做)”,forget doing 则是“忘记做过某事”。
to_do_与_doing_区别
(一)动词不定式:动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。
1、动词不定式的形式变化:动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。
语态式一般式完成式进行式完成进行式主动to buildto have builtto be buildingto have been building被动to be build to have been build2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如:(1)作主语:To help each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other.(2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。
(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up… 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。
)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。
ving和to do口诀
1). 只能-ing作宾语的常见动词: avoid避免,miss错过,put off,delay,postpone[pə'sp-] 推迟 避免错过莫推迟 suggest建议,practice练习,finish,complete完成 建议练习早完成 keep保持,imagine想象, can`t stand/bear/help禁不住 保持想象禁不住 admit,acknowledge承认,deny否认,mind介意 承认否认勿介意 escape逃避,risk,excuse原谅 逃避冒险可原谅 give up,quit放弃,envy妒忌/resist抵抗, fancy,appreciate,enjoy喜欢 放弃妒忌/抵抗皆喜欢 如:I can’t avoid going.我不能不去。
2 只接tБайду номын сангаас to作宾语的常见动词: 1)manage尽量, prepare准备, fail失败 尽量准备免失败 2)plan计划, seem,appear好像,refuse拒绝 计划好像又遭拒 3)long,desire渴望,aim,decide, determine,choose决定, tend往往,易于,arrange安排 渴望决定易安排 4) demand,ask要求,afford买得起,hope希望,care愿意 要求购买(得起)望愿意 5),promise承诺,agree同意,offer提供, expect期待 承诺同意(提)供期待
非谓语动词的三种形式
非谓语动词的三种形式
1、动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
2、动名词:Ving,动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。
3、现在分词:-ing形式,现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
4、过去分词:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。
三种形式的选择和区分
1、现在分词用来表示现在进行的动作,主动语态
2、过去分词表示已经完成的动作或被做的事,被动语态。
3、动词不定式表示将要发生的动作。
扩展资料:
原则一:用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式;
原则二:用作伴随状语,原则上要用现在分词;
原则三:用作结果状语时,可用-ing或不定式;
原则四:凡是含有被动意义时,原则上要用过去分词;
原则五:非谓语动词作状语时,其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致;
原则六:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式;
原则七:用于名词后作定语时,原则是:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用-ing,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作已经发生,同时表示被动意义。
谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
不定式与-ing的区别事项
关于动词不定式与动词-ing形式的若干问题:动词不定式、现在分词和动名词称为非谓语动词的三种形式。
所谓不定式,是指由小品词to加动词原形构成的一种结构,如to do , to go , to get up,etc;而动名词和现在分词形式相同,都以ing结尾,只是名称不同且用法有别,如doing, making, beginning,etc.动词不定式和V-ing形式用法大相径庭,主要用法区别如下:A代指不定式,B 代指V-ing.I 作主语及宾语“A”常指具体某次动作,目的性较强。
如To learn English well is not easy.I like to see the film.“B”常指经常性的、一般性的行为,习惯。
如Learning English is important.I like seeing films. (动名词)II 作表语“A”具有将来时特征,且指具体某次动作。
如The flight is to start at 7 a.m.“B”构成进行时态,指当前的动作或状态。
如The boy is swimming. (现在分词)III 作定语“A” 具有将来的特征,动作尚且未做。
如I’d like something to eat.“B”具有进行时特征或目的、作用、用途特征。
The swimming pool is large.(动名词)IV 作状语“A”动作具有“将来”性,可表原因、目的、结果、方式、程度等。
“B”动作具有“进行性”或“习惯性”,可表时间、原因、目的、结果、方式等。
如The box is tooheavy to carry. 〈结果或程度〉The water is boiling hot. 〈程度〉V 作宾补“A”表宾语(发出)的动作已完成或宾语的结果。
如I saw him go into the room.She found him to be a good pupil.“B”表宾语的动作正在进行。
动词后面接动名词ing的情况和接不定式to do 的情况归类
跟ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ练习:
• 1、I enjoy spending time _____(swim)in my spare time. • 2、I don’t feel like ____( walk ) very much today. • 我今天不太想散步. • 3、The report is worth _____(listen)to. • 4、I really thank my parents for ______( 支持)my idea. • 5、I’m gradually getting used to _____(eat)with chopsticks. • 6、They have nothing against ______(play)football agter class. • 7、On my way home,I saw some old people ____(fish)by the sea.
动词后面加ing的情况
avoid doing避免干某事 against doing 反对干某事 be worth doing 值得干某事 be busy doing 忙于做某事 be interested in doing 有兴趣做某事 be used to doing 习惯干某事 enjoy doing喜欢干某事 finish doing完成干某事 feel like doing sth. 想要干某事 get used to doing 习惯干某事 give up doing放弃干某事
_____(watch) TV.
• Too…to 太……而不能…… • It is too heavy to carry. • He is too scared to swim in the river. 练习: English is too difficult for Ling Ling_____(learn).
非谓语动词之-to-do和ing的区别
非谓语动词之 to do和ing的区别一,作主语时的区别不定式指较具体的行为Ing表示抽象或者泛指的动作(但在实际应用中通常已经可以互换)注意:两者都可以用it作形式主语,但结构不同1)ing词it is + no using/no good/useless/ a waste of time + doing sthThere is no + ing =it is impossible to do sth’s no use waiting here.There is no telling why he did so.(there is no knowing/there is no persuading=it is impossible to persuade …)2)to do 不定式》It is +adj(n)+(for sb)/(of sb) + to do sthEg. It is very difficult to drive in the mountains.It is a shame to say like that .二,作表语时的区别不定式强调一次具体动作Ing强调抽象行为三,作宾语不定式agree decline 拒绝refuse offer promise choose decide determine attempt intend manage fail ask hope want tend expect desire wish seek plan prepare pretend learn mean dare arrange demand happen intendIng 词admit stand appreciate avoid finish complete consider delay deny suggest enjoy escape forgive keep mind miss practise risk advise allow permit forbid 或者介词短语的宾语go on insist on , persist in , keep on , take to 喜欢,dream of , get down to , 等等四,作定语(不定式后置与修饰词之间有动宾关系必要时要添加介词He is a pleasant fellow to work with .常表示未来发生的动作The man to come our assitance is Mike.在the first, the second , the best, the only thing 等后常加不定式作定语He is always the first to answer questions.Ing词1)多为合成词表中心词的性质Parking lot , sleeping bag, drinking water, cooking oil, driving licence 等2)单个分词前置,短语后置,相当于一个定语从句》He is a businessman growing rich in recent years.3)其中现在分词常表示动作正在进行或即将进行过去分词常表示动作已经完成Is this the book written by Mike五,作状语不定式1) 目的状语=in order to2) 结果状语表意外only to do sth too…to, so…as to . enough…to3) 原因状语一般放在句尾表示引起某种情绪的原(happy,lucky,fortunate, ashamed , surprised, shocked, sorry , glad, delighted, disappointed, anxious, unwise, foolish, rude, considerate, annoyed, bored, puzzled 等等)4)条件状语谓语动词中常有will, must , shall 等5)独立结构to tell the truth, to be ture, to be plain, to cut the matter short, to make matters worse, to be brief, to be exact, to conclude, to be honest, to start with, to sum up 等等。
初中英语动词todo和doing总结
xx 动词+to do 和+doing一、 ing 形式keepdoing 持做某事keepsb.doing 使某人向来做某事practicedoingsth.做某事enjoydoing 喜做某事finishdoing 达成做某事beafraidofdoing 惧怕做某事bebusydoing 忙于做某事lookforwardtodoing 期望做某事howaboutdoing 、.whataboutdoing 做某事怎么spendsometime(in)doing 花做某事spendsomemoney(in)buying 花做某事feellikedoing 想做某事stop/keep/prevent⋯ fromdoing阻挡某人做某事thanksbfordoing 感某人做某事thanksfordoing 感做某事dosome cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing 做点、打一下生、点、走走街、洗洗衣服goswimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 去游泳、垂钓、逛街、xx、划船minddoing 介怀做某事can ’ thelpdoing不由自主做某事considerdoing 考虑做某事havefundoingsth..做某事风趣havedifficultydoingsth 做某事有困难havetroubledoingsth 做某事有困难haveproblemdoingsth 做某事有困难wastetime/moneydoing 浪费时间或金钱做某事insteadofdoing 取代做某事missdoing 错过做某事holdontodoing 坚持做某事payattentiontodoing 集中精力做某事suggestdoing建议做某事It ’ stimefordoing到该做某事的时间了Thereissbdoingsth 有人正在做某事beusedtodoingsth 习惯做某事beusedfordoingsth 被用来做某事havealotofexperience 拥有做某事的丰富经验sballowdoingsth 同意做某事putoffdoingsth 推延做某事succeedindoingsth 成功做某事endupdoing 以做某事结束giveupdoing 放弃做某事二.含有不带to 的动词不定式句型(动词原形)1.hadbetter(not)dosth. 最好(不)做某事2.wouldyouplease(not)dosth 你能够做某事吗?3.whynotdosth. 为何不做某事?whydon’ tyoudosth为.什么你不做某事?4.Shallwedosth.?我们要做某事吗?5.letsbdosth.让某人做某事使某人做某事7.feelsbdosth 感觉某人做某事三、含有带 to 的动词不定式句型1.It’ stimetodosth该是.做某事的时候了做某事花了某人时间3.tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/sb.todosth.告诉、叫、想、鼓舞、邀请某人做某事4.Wouldyouliketodosth.? 你想做某事吗?5.It good/badtodosth’s做某事好 / 不好6.It’ sgood/badforsb.todosth.对某人来说,做某事好/ 不好7.be+adj.+enoughtodosth.足够 +形容词做某事8.sb.isreadytodosth.某人准备好做某事9.It’ s+adj.+forsb.todosth.做某事对某人 +形容词(做这件事对你好)10.It’ s+adj.+ofsb.todosth某人做某事 +形容词(你做这事真好)11.wouldlike/love/decide/want/wish/todosth.想、喜爱、决定、想、希望做某事12.wouldlike/lovesb.todosth. 想让某人做某事13.prefertodoratherthandosth.情愿做某事而不肯做某事四、两个动作连用,表目的:edtodosth 过去经常做某事41.beusedtodosth 被用来做某事42.besupposedtodosth 理应做某事,应当做某事43.allowsbtodosth 同意某人做某事44.sbbeallowedtodosth 某人被同意做某事45.thebestwayistodosth 最好的方法是做某事46.thenextstepistodosth 下一步是做某事47.havenothingtodowith 与某事没关48.thefirstthingistodosth 第一件事是做某事49.it’ sbesttodosth最好做某事50.it’ sagoodtimetodosth这是做某事的最好时间itisagoodwaytodosth 做某事是个好的方法51.addtodo 增补做某事52.urgesbtodo 敦促某人做某事catesbtodo 教育某人做某事54.waitforsbtodo 等候某人做某事55. ordersbtodo 命令某人做某事56.happentodosth 刚巧做某事57.leadsbtodosth 领导某人做某事58.it's agoodplacetodosth 这是做某事的好地方59.invitesbtodo 邀请某人做某事60.gettodosth 设计做某事61.expecttodo 希望做某事62.volunteertodosth 志愿做某事63.offertodosth 主动供给做某事64.haveanopportunitytodo 有时机做某事65.getsbtodosth 使某人做某事66.it’ sone’ sdutytodosth做某事是某人的责任esthtodosth 用某物做某事68.besuretodosth 必定会做某事69.havetodosth 不得六、既用不带to 的动词不定式又用此刻分词的句型:用不带 to 的动词不定式(原形)重申换作的达成过程;用此刻分词重申换作的进行状态。
七年级英语动词ing形式(动名词)的形式及用法人教版知识精讲
七年级英语动词ing形式(动名词)的形式及用法人教版【本讲教育信息】一教学内容:动词ing形式(动名词)的形式及用法1 doing的形式:doing; being done2 doing做主语,表语和宾语。
3 doing与to do在动词后面做宾语的区别二知识总结归纳:(一)动词ing形式起名词作用,在语法中也称做动名词.在句中做主语,宾语,表语和定语。
它的基本形式有doing; being done。
例句:1 ain hobb i coecting taming6 He diaing to ca ate(四)doing与to do在动词后面做宾语的区别:remember/forget to do:记住/忘记了去做某事Don’t forget to do th=remember to do thregret to do: 遗憾地去做/说regret doing: 后悔做了某事mean to do= want to do mean doing 意味着做tofort to ocia critic Friendhie more coming with internationa trade deaing with foreigncountrie’ currencB Internationa trade introduce the cement of the foreign echange rate indicating a foreign currenc at our own ent in internationa trade indicating the of the ent introduced to denote the of the id—1988, how much doar did one have to have in order to echange for 10,000,000 Ja an American eie of foreign echange rateB do not have to now more the true economic of foreign echange rateC have to now nothing more than economic of foreign echange rateD do not have to graic of foreign echange rate at a given eve【试题答案】一单项选择:1 A the quetion _____ at the moment指此刻正在被讨论的问题。
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I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。(想了解)
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法)
10) mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想,mean doing 意味着。例如:
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去,但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买力。
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着,不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
9)be interested doing/to do
interested to do 对做某事感兴趣,想了解某事,interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣,doing 通常为想法。例如:
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习
8)be afraid doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢,胆怯去做某事,是主观上的原因不去做,意为"怕",be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的,意为"生怕,恐怕"。例如:
I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。
d) 事物作主语时。例如:
The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了
6)try doing/to do
try to do 努力,企图做某事,try doing 试验,试着做某事。例如:
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉,但未成功。
1.remember to do sth.记住要做某事
remember doing sth.记住曾做过某事
2.forget to do sth.忘记要做某事
forget doing sth.忘记曾做过某事
3.try to do sth.设法要做某事
try doing sth.做某事试试看有何效果
4.mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
5.can't help to do sth.不能帮助做某事
can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事
6.go on to do sth.做完某事后接着做另一事
go on doing sth.继续做一直在做的事
只+to do 做宾语的动词有:
wish, hope, want(想要), ask, demand, agree, promise, decide, determine, plan, tend, mean(打算), fail, refuse, decline, manage, learn, pretend, choose, prepare, offer, desire, long(渴望), expect, undertake, happen(碰巧), arrange等.
7)go on doing/to do
go on to do 做了一件事后,接着做另一件事,go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如:
After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后,他接着去做物理。
4)regret doing/to do
regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾,regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如:
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
注:stop to do sth.与stop doing sth.也不同,前者指停下来去做某事,后者指停止正在做的事,但stop to do sth.中的不定式不是宾语,是目的状语。
只+doing做宾语的动词有:
finish, enjoy, suggest, mind, dislise, allow, forgive, imagine, prevent, understand, resist, reject, consider, avoid, delay, deny, excuse, admit, endure, escape, pardon, postpone, risk, fancy, tolerate等。还有get/be used to(习惯于), can’t help/ can’t stand(禁不住), feel like, look forward to, pay attention to, give up, be worth, be busy, be fond of(喜欢), object to, lead to, put off, insist on/stick to(坚持), keep on, keen on(渴望), refer to(参考)等短语之后(因为要做介词宾语),以及sb spend sm/st (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have fun/pleasure (in), it’s no use/good, it’s ( a) waste of time (in), there is no (不可能e.g.: There is no joking about such matters. 译文:这种事开不得玩笑。)等句型后。
b) begin, start用进行时时,后面动词用不定式to do。例如:
I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
c) 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时,常用不定式to do。例如:
7.cease to do 长时间,甚至永远停做某事
cease doing 短时停止做某事,以后还会接着做
That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时,停了会聊天
11)begin(start) doing/to do
begin / start to do sth /begin / start doing sth.
a) 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时,使用doing。例如:
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴?