全媒体时代双语播音教育人才需求与教育变革

一、全媒体时代双语播音人才培养的紧迫性主持人双语播报能力、主持人双语即兴评述能力有利于第一时间处理国内外信息，迅速现场出镜，及时传播我们自己的声音，这是一场话语权的较量。

培养一支骁勇善战的双语播音主持队伍是新时期我国新闻传播最前沿的呼声，是强化我国对外传播力量的迫切需要。

新闻传播是一个开放的系统，将“双语”纳入这个体系中来，有利于改变语言单一化的发展趋势。

我们培养双语播音主持人才队伍的实质目标是：借英语之通用性，扬汉语之生命活力，让中国的声音汇入世界文化的海洋，有利于在世界范围内推广标准优美的汉语普通话，加大汉语的规范力度和推广力度。

在有声语言的传播平台上，双语播音主持的语言形态就是一个汉语足以保持传统，也足以面向世界的、最合理的、最有弹性的传播架构，而这个传播架构急需专业的“双语播音主持人才”担负起保卫并继续发展民族语言的使命。

二、全媒体时代双语播音人才的培养方向1.平民化。

在全媒体时代，网络媒体的交互性、共享性和免费性特征，使得受众成为传播主体，这迫使双语播音教育由精英主义走向草根主义，由专业教育走向素养教育。

新闻传播双语教育主要向两个方向进行转变，一是推进媒介素养教育，提高每个双语播音人才的媒介素养；二是提高媒体从业人员的双语职业技能，强化其对微内容的再加工能力，从而提升微内容的双语传播效能。

2.职业化。

在全媒体时代，在全时空传播时代，双语播音人才的专业分工和社会分工应该如何转变呢？新闻传播双语人才的专业职能将向“意见领袖”进行转变，专业化的信息筛选能力、专业化的深度报道能力和专业化的时事分析能力将成为新闻传播双语教育培养的重要目标。

3.资本化。

在全媒体时代，媒体产业竞争将向集团化竞争转变，从纵向上看，集团化主要表现为全产业链竞争，媒体集团涵盖内容、渠道和终端各个环节；从横向上看，集团化则表现为多媒体竞争。

4.国际化。

培养具有跨文化传播能力的双语播音专业人才，成为网络媒体发展的现实需求。

在网络时代，跨文化新闻传播人才培养有两个目标：一是熟练掌握网络媒体的跨文化传播特点；二是通过双语教育、双学位教育和中外合作教育等教育方式，提高新闻传播从业人员的双语对话能力。

5.品牌化。

对双语播音教育而言，强化双语播音人才的个人品牌意识，训练其个人品牌打造技巧，处理好团队合作与塑造个人品牌之间的关系，成为双语播音教育的一个全新命题。

三、全媒体时代双语播音教育变革的建议1.开展双语教学师资认定，加强双语师资队伍建设。

要提高双语教学质量，教师队伍建设是关键。

一方面，可以“请进来”，请外籍教师或留学国外多年的华裔教师作为客座教授，讲授专业课或开设讲座，增强外语学习的氛围；另一方面，在财力允许时，可以考虑“走出去”，学校更多地创造机会让教师赴外进行中短期交流、学习。

另外，可以加强校际间的合作，实现人才共享。

每个学校都有其优势，各个学校可以充分利用教师资源，引入竞争机制，实行教师跨校授课、学生跨校选课，实现资源更有效的组合。

但培养和激发现有师资的潜能，用好现有的人也是非常关键的。

2.处理好引进外文原版教材和选用优秀中文教材的把关和利用。

建立严格的审核制度，选用真正优秀的能体现学科发展前沿的教材，不能因要引进外文原版教材而完全放弃对国内优秀教材的选用与教材建设。

增加本专业相关的英文材料阅读量要让学生明白双语教学的重要性，会使他们终身受益。

对原版教材的引进一方面应尽量选用能提供该领域较新的专业知识、实用性强、难度适中的优秀原版教材引进原版教材还须与其他相关课程相协调，避免出现重复、失衡、缺乏衔接与连贯等现象；另一方面应组织学科骨干结合实践优势，自行编写适合我国国情的英语教材。

有条件的学校甚至可以成立专门的双语教材编写小组，组织教师对原版的英文教材进行改编，编写出适合本专业学生的双语教学教材。

3.改革双语教学方法，对学生因材施教。

研究双语教学教法的教师首先要对英文教材进行充分理解，然后要采用行之有效的方法将其传授给学生。

这就要求教师仔细研究双语教学教法，在教学中要及时不断地创建英语氛围。

借助多媒体课件、辩论等形式有利于教师充分地讲清知识的内涵和外延，提高学生学习的积极性。

同时要加强课堂练习。

课堂练习是课堂中必不可少的一部分，要将英文试题在投影或其他形式的展板中做好示范，给学生一个模式供参考，这样能极有效地提高正确率。

同时对实时报道也要采用英文的形式进行。

在其他各门专业课中要加强他们之间的逻辑性，积极开展双向交流活动。

总的来说，在全媒体时代，媒体的交互性、复合性、国际性和共时性的特征改变了其对双语播音专业人才的需求类型，这使得双语播音教育在教育理念、教育目标和教育方式等方面进行全方位的变革。

在全媒介融合的大趋势下，双语播音专业只有与时俱进，不断探索，大胆创新，才能培养出有更加丰厚的知识底蕴、开阔的眼界以及具备多种技能并能适应媒体变革的双语播音人才。

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