巧记初中形容词否定前缀
表否定的前缀
一.表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable (不光彩的)disagree(不同意)2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability (无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)4.il-加在以1开头的词前illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)5.ir-加在以r开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)7.non-加在形容词,名词前non-existence(不存在),non-essential (不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8.mis -加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune (不幸)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear (消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)二.表示“前before”的前缀1.pre-preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection (选举前的)preface(前言)2.Ante-anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)3.Fore-forehaed(前额),foreground (前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)4.Pro-programme (计划),prologue(序幕)5.Ex-ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife (前妻)三.表示“后-post”的前缀1.post-post-war(战后),post-position (后置词),postmeridian(下午)四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀1.Hypo-Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)2.Infra-Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)3.Sub-Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle (副标题)五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀1.Re-Refuel(给…加油),retranslate (再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2.Retro-Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1.Co-co-exist(共存),co-operate (合作),co-education(男女同校)七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀1.Inter-Interchangeble(可互换的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1.Ec-Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy (狂想)2.Extra-Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)九.表示“超过”的前缀1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)十.其它的前缀1.auto-自automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)2.mal-坏,恶Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)3.Micro-Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)4.Tele-远Telegram (电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)5.Demi-,semi-hemi-Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)7.Bi-,di-二Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)8.Tri-三Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)9.Multi-多multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)10.Poly –多Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)11.Arch-首领archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)12.bene-善,好benefit (利益),benevolence(善意)13.homo-同homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)14.neo新neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)15.ortho-正确,直orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)16.philo-挚爱philosopher(哲学家)17.proto-原始protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism (假共产主义)19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)20.Apo-,aph-来自apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)21.se-分离separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)22.para-防parachute(降落伞),23.omni-所有的,公共的omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence (万能)24.pan-全,泛Pan-American (全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)25.panto-全pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)26.dia-通过,借以diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)27.Per-通过,彻底,不利perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的28.trans-通过,横过transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation (翻译),transparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption (贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)30.syn-共同synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)31.meta-和,在……之后metaphor (比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)32.Cis-在这一边cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)33.pen-几乎,相近peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)34.en-,em-往……里,使……encamp (扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))35.intro内在intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular (分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)36.intro-到……中introduce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)37.dys-坏dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)38.Eu-优,美好eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)39.ambi-,amphi-两者amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)40.penta-五pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)41.sex-六sexangle(六角),sexennial (六年一度的)42.sept-七September 九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)43.hepta-七heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)44.octa-,octo,oct八octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)45.nona-,ennea-九nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)46.deci-,deca-十decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)47.centi-百centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)48.milli-千millenias (千年的),millimeter(毫米)49.Kilo-千kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)后缀1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6.-ship 意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7.-ful 意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12.-ness;-ity (ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability13.-ism 意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,racism二、动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify,diversify,(使多样化)simplify2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate三、形容词后缀:常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词:childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词:changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary,contradictory11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词:historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic13.-ive 意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having thenature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive四、副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)例词:happily,boldly,attentive- ly,strangely2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(as far as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词:run + er = runner hit + ing = hitting。
形容词的否定前后缀规律
形容词的否定前后缀规律在英语中可以在单词的词首加上一个表示否定的前缀,变成该词的反义词。
这类否定前缀主要有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-和un-,可译成汉语“非”、“无”、“不(是)”、“未”等。
1.dis-常加在名词、形容词、动词之前。
honest (诚实的) — dishonest (不诚实的)agreement (同意;一致) — disagreement (分歧;不一致)advantage (优势;有利条件;利益) — disadvantage (不利条件;缺点)like (喜欢) — dislike (不喜欢)appear (出现) — disappear (消失)2.im-常加在以字母m, p,b开头的形容词之前初中英语主要在字母p前,。
moral (道德的)— immoral (不道德的)possible (可能的) — impossible (不可能的)polite (有礼貌的;客气的) — impolite (无礼的;粗鲁的)patient(有耐性的)-impatinet(不耐烦的)3. in-常加在名词、形容词之前。
ability(能力)— inability(无能;无力)correct(正确的)— incorrect(不正确的)active(活跃) inactive(不活跃的)4. ir-常加在以r-开头的形容词前。
regular(规则的)— irregular(不规则的;不规律的)5. un-常加在名词、形容词、副词之前。
大多数形容词否定前缀都是以un-开头.happiness (幸福)— unhappiness (不幸福)usual (通常的) — unusual (不寻常的;罕见的)important (重要的) — unimportant (不重要的)friendly (友好的) — unfriendly (不友好的;不友善的)healthy (健康的) — unhealthy (不健康的;不益于健康的)crowded (拥挤的) — uncrowded (不拥挤的)able (能;会) — unable (无能的;不会的)fair (公平的;公正的) — unfair(不公平的;不公正的)familiar (熟悉的) — unfamiliar (不熟悉的;没有经验的)necessary (必要的) — unnecessary (不必要的)fortunately (幸运地) — unfortunately (不幸运地)popula(流行的)— unpopular(不流行的)comfortable(舒适的)— uncomfortable(不舒适的)happy(开心的)— unhappy(不开心的)welcome(欢迎)— unwelcome(不受欢迎的)common(普通的)— uncommon(不普通的)safe(安全的)— unsafe(不安全的)usua(寻常的)— unusual(不同寻常的)6.-less加在词尾表否定。
初中英语形容词否定前后缀语法归纳
2011级英语总复习构词法-2◊初中阶段,形容词否定前缀大多以un-构成,除去少数几个以-less否定后缀结尾外,不是以un-否定前缀构成的形容词基本上只有7个。
即上表中以dis-, im-, in-, ir-开头的七个例词。
换言之,如果把这七个词烂熟于心,那么记忆形容词否定前缀就将事半功倍。
◊以un-开头的形容词其前面的冠词用的是an。
例如:an unusual boy。
◊dis-否定前缀除了形容词dishonest外,还常常用在动词前构成否定形式,如dislike, disagree, disappear 等。
用所给单词的适当形式填空:1. You will be ____________ (able) to pass the exam if you don ' t study hard.2. There are lots of _______ (common) kinds of birds in Zhalong. Many people like to go birdwatching there.3. It is __________ (necessary) for you to walk the little dog once a week to the park.4. It is __________ (important) to keep quiet when you watch the birds and insects.5. He feels _________ (happy) because he lost his wallet.6. There is a _______ (regular) rain in Sahara desert every year.7. Is it ________ (possible) to get to the city by train?8. Some people are ___________ ( friendly) to birds. They throw stones to them.9. Some people feel ______ (happy) that government give poor people such small and____ (comfortable) flats.10. It is _____ (safe) to walk on the street at night.11. We should keep students staying away from the ______ (healthy) books.12. These trainers are too small. They are ____________ (comfortable) to wear.13. If someone does not show good manners to others, he is __________ (polite).14. Jim never tells lies and he is an _________ (honest) boy.15. This girl is so _______ (care) that she often makes mistakes in her homework.◊江苏13城市中考试题汇编◊1. It's ________ (friendly) of him to say such bad words to his classmates. (08 常州)2. Don't get ________ (patient) about your personal trouble. (08 无锡)3. He seemed ______ (friend) at first, but now I've got to know him and I realize he'swarm and kind. (08 徐州)4. If someone doesn't show good manners to others, he or she is __________ (polite). (08 宿迁)5. It ' s so ___________ 不_公( 平的)! Mary gets more money for less work. (09 镇江)6. The basketball team was _________ (luck) to lose in the final minute of the game. (09 徐州)7. In some ways, the space shuttles travel fast, but the journey to Mars may bevery___(comfortable). (09 泰州)8. it ' s ___________ (possible) for us to finish so much work within so little time. We needhelp. (2010 南通)9. Simon is such a __________ (honest) person that no one believes him. (2010 扬州)10. Don' t be _________ (patient)! You should listen to what he is saying first. (2010 常州)11. It is _________ (possible) for me to design the poster without your help. (2010 泰州)12. it 'nsot easy for those superstars to face _______________( 无穷无尽的)interviews anddoubts. (2010 镇江)Keys:用所给单词的适当形式填空1. unable2. uncommon3. necessary4. important5. unhappy6. irregular7. possible8. unfriendly9. unhappy,uncomfortable 10. unsafe 11, unhealthy 12. uncomfortable 13. impolite 14. honest 15. careless江苏13 城市中考试题汇编1. unfriendly2. impatient3. unfriendly4. impolite5. unfair6. unlucky7. uncomfortable8. impossible9. dishonest 10. impatient 11. impossible 12. endless。
表否定的前缀
一.表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable (不光彩的)disagree(不同意)2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability (无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)4.il-加在以1开头的词前illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)5.ir-加在以r开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)7.non-加在形容词,名词前non-existence(不存在),non-essential (不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8.mis -加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune (不幸)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear (消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite(解毒药)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)二.表示“前before”的前缀1.pre-preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection (选举前的)preface(前言)2.Ante-anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)3.Fore-forehaed(前额),foreground (前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)4.Pro-programme (计划),prologue(序幕)5.Ex-ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife (前妻)三.表示“后-post”的前缀1.post-post-war(战后),post-position (后置词),postmeridian(下午)四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀1.Hypo-Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)2.Infra-Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)3.Sub-Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle (副标题)五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀1.Re-Refuel(给…加油),retranslate (再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2.Retro-Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1.Co-co-exist(共存),co-operate (合作),co-education(男女同校)七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀1.Inter-Interchangeble(可互换的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1.Ec-Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy (狂想)2.Extra-Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)九.表示“超过”的前缀1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)十.其它的前缀1.auto-自automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)2.mal-坏,恶Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)3.Micro-Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)4.Tele-远Telegram (电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)5.Demi-,semi-hemi-Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)7.Bi-,di-二Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)8.Tri-三Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)9.Multi-多multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)10.Poly –多Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)11.Arch-首领archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)12.bene-善,好benefit (利益),benevolence(善意)13.homo-同homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)14.neo新neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)15.ortho-正确,直orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)16.philo-挚爱philosopher(哲学家)17.proto-原始protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism (假共产主义)19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)20.Apo-,aph-来自apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)21.se-分离separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)22.para-防parachute(降落伞),23.omni-所有的,公共的omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence (万能)24.pan-全,泛Pan-American (全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)25.panto-全pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)26.dia-通过,借以diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)27.Per-通过,彻底,不利perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的28.trans-通过,横过transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation (翻译),transparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption (贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)30.syn-共同synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)31.meta-和,在……之后metaphor (比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)32.Cis-在这一边cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)33.pen-几乎,相近peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)34.en-,em-往……里,使……encamp (扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))35.intro内在intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular (分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)36.intro-到……中introduce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)37.dys-坏dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)38.Eu-优,美好eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)39.ambi-,amphi-两者amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)40.penta-五pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)41.sex-六sexangle(六角),sexennial (六年一度的)42.sept-七September 九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)43.hepta-七heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)44.octa-,octo,oct八octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)45.nona-,ennea-九nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)46.deci-,deca-十decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)47.centi-百centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)48.milli-千millenias (千年的),millimeter(毫米)49.Kilo-千kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)后缀1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词:usherette4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6.-ship 意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7.-ful 意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12.-ness;-ity (ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,。
初中英语否定前缀
disadvantage (不利条件;缺点) honest (诚实的) — dishonest (adj.不诚实的) like (喜欢) — dislike (v.不喜欢)
appear (出现) — disappear (v.消失)
2.in-;ig-,il-,im-,ir-(in-在辅音n,l,m,p,r 前的变体)加在形容词、名词、副词上
logical(合逻辑的)-----illogical (不合逻辑的)
regular(规则的)-----irregular (不规则)
3. un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作 形容词的分词上
happy(高兴的) — unhappy (不高兴的) usual (通常的) — unusual (不 寻常的;罕见的) important (重要的) — unimportant (不重要的) friendly (友好的) — unfriendly (不友好的;不友善的)
healthy (健康的) — unhealthy (不健康的;不益于健康的)
able (能;会) — unable (无能 的;不会的)
fair (公平的;公正的) — unfair(不平的;不公正的)
fortunately (幸运地) — unfortunately (不幸运地)
4.non-加在名词、形容词、副词或作形容词的分 词上,表示“无,抗,防,非,不”之意
capable(有能力的)---Incapable (adj.不能的)
comparable(比较的)---incomparable(adj.无比的)
ability(可能性)----inability (n.不能)
im-常加在以字母m-, p-开头的形容词之 前。如:
否定前缀归纳
dis-:主要加在名词、形容词 ,动词之前, dis-为否定前缀的词有:disadvantage 、 disappear 、 dislike、 dishonest、 disagree 等。
in-:常加在形容词,名词之前,如 incorrect、 inability、 inaccurate 、 inactive、informal、 incredible 等。
im-:加在字母 m,b,p 之前, 这样的词有 impossible 、 impolite、 impractical 、 imbal ance、 immodest 、 immobile 等等。
il-:主要加在以 1 开头的单词的前边, 如:illegal、 illiterate 文盲的没有文化的、 illo gical 不合逻辑的,等等。
ir-: 放在以 r 开头的英语单词前面 , 如:irregular 、 irresponsible、irresolvable 不能分解的不能解决的、 irresistible 不可抵抗的;禁不住的,等等。
un-: 主要放于名词,形容词,副词前面, 常见的例子有 unfinished 、 undoubted、 une mployment、 uninterested 、 unhappy、 unable、 unhealthy 、 unfortunate 等等。
non-:加在形容词、名词前 , 这样以 non-为否定前缀的词有 non-existence 不存在、non-essential 不重要的、 non-electrical 非电的;mis-:加在动词、名词前, 如 misunderstand 误解、 misjudge 误判、 mislead 误导、misfortune 不幸等。
注: normal →abnormal。
初中英语形容词否定前后缀语法归纳
2011级英语总复习构词法-2初中英语形容词否定前后缀语法归纳☆特别提醒:◇初中阶段,形容词否定前缀大多以un-构成,除去少数几个以-less否定后缀结尾外,不是以un-否定前缀构成的形容词基本上只有7个。
即上表中以dis-, im-, in-, ir-开头的七个例词。
换言之,如果把这七个词烂熟于心,那么记忆形容词否定前缀就将事半功倍。
◇以un-开头的形容词其前面的冠词用的是an。
例如:an unusual boy。
◇dis-否定前缀除了形容词dishonest外,还常常用在动词前构成否定形式,如dislike, disagree, disappear等。
用所给单词的适当形式填空:1. You will be_____________ (able) to pass the exam if you don’t study hard.2. There are lots of ________ (common) kinds of birds in Zhalong. Many people like to go birdwatching there.3. It is ___________ (necessary) for you to walk the little dog once a week to the park.4. It is ___________ (important) to keep quiet when you watch the birds and insects.5. He feels _________(happy) because he lost his wallet.6. There is a ________ (regular) rain in Sahara desert every year.7. Is it __________(possible) to get to the city by train?8. Some people are ___________ ( friendly) to birds. They throw stones to them.9. Some people feel ____ (happy) that government give poor people such small and ____(comfortable) flats.10. It is _______ (safe) to walk on the street at night.11. We should keep students staying away from the ________ (healthy) books.12. These trainers are too small. They are ______________(comfortable) to wear.13. If someone does not show good manners to others, he is ____________(polite).14. Jim never tells lies and he is an ___________ (honest) boy.15. This girl is so __________(care) that she often makes mistakes in her homework.◇江苏13城市中考试题汇编◇1. It's ________(friendly) of him to say such bad words to his classmates. (08常州)2. Don't get _________(patient) about your personal trouble. (08无锡)3. He seemed ______(friend) at first, but now I've got to know him and I realize he's warm and kind. (08徐州)4. If someone doesn't show good manners to others, he or she is __________(polite). (08宿迁)5. It’s so ___________(不公平的)! Mary gets more money for less work. (09镇江)6. The basketball team was __________(luck) to lose in the final minute of the game. (09徐州)7. In some ways, the space shuttles travel fast, but the journey to Mars may be very___(comfortable). (09泰州)8. it’s ___________(possible) for us to finish so much work within so little time. We nee d help. (2010南通)9. Simon is such a __________(honest) person that no one believes him. (2010扬州)10. Don’t be ________(patient)! You should listen to what he is saying first. (2010常州)11. It is _________(possible) for me to design the poster without your help. (2010泰州)12. it’s not easy for those superstars to face ___________(无穷无尽的)interviews and doubts. (2010镇江)Keys:用所给单词的适当形式填空1. unable2. uncommon3. necessary4. important5. unhappy6. irregular7. possible8. unfriendly9. unhappy,uncomfortable 10. unsafe 11, unhealthy 12. uncomfortable 13. impolite 14. honest 15. careless江苏13城市中考试题汇编1. unfriendly2. impatient3. unfriendly4. impolite5. unfair6. unlucky7. uncomfortable8. impossible9. dishonest 10. impatient 11. impossible 12. endless。
否定前缀归纳un-.im-,in,il-,ir-,dis-等
练习:你知道下列单词的否定 形式吗
un, regular, im perfect, logical ir il , fold convenient, accurate , agree, uncertain, in in dishonest,dis ir equality, responsible, im in responsible ir , modest ,comfortable , im, appear un mature, satisfy dis , polite, legal disability ,im il in
misunderstand
misleading
misfortune
拓展:
• misjudge误判, misread
9. anti-加在名词、形容词前边 10.最后一个counter-加在名词、动词前
anti-Japanese 抗 日 战争 厌恶社会的 anti-social 禁毒 anti-drug counterattack 反攻 反击 抵抗阻碍 counteract 反革命 counterrevolution
非法的 文盲的
illegal illiterate 不合逻辑的 illogical
• 拓展: • illimitable(无限的)illegible(难以辨认的)
5. ir-放在以r开头的英语单词前面
不可抵抗的
不规则的 不负责任的
irresistible irregular irresponsible
• 拓展: • irrational(无理的)irrelevant(不相关的)
表示否定的前缀
表示否定的前缀un-unreal不真实(un+real真实的)unequal不平等的(un+equal平等的)unfortunate不幸的(un+fortunate幸运的)unabashed不害臊的(un+abashed难为情的)unassuming不摆架子的(un+assuming自以为是的)uncommitted不承担责任的(un+committed担责任的)unscrupulous肆无忌惮的(un+scrupulosu小心的)untoward不幸的;逆境的(un+toward顺利的→不顺的)unconditional无条件的(un+conditional有条件的)unlimitted无限的(un+limited有限的)unambitious无野心的(un+ambitious有雄心的)unconscionable无节制的(un+conscionabe明智的)unfailing无尽的,无穷的(un+failing有尽头;失败的→没有尽头的)unofficial非官方的(un+official官方的)unjust非正义的(un+just公正的)unworldly非尘世的(un+worldly世俗的)uneducated未受教育的(un+educated有教养的)uncivilized未开化的(un+civilized文明的)undecided未决定的(un+decided决定的)unalloyed未掺杂的(un+alloy合金,混合+ed→没混合的)uncharted图上没标明的(un+chared图上标明的)unlock开锁(un+lock锁)unbind解开(un+bind捆住)unbutton解开钮扣(un+botton钮扣)uncover揭开盖子(un+cover盖子)undress脱衣服(un+dress衣服)untomb掘墓(un+tomb墓)unearth从地下挖出(un+earth土地)unbosom吐露)(un+bosom胸→打开心胸→吐露)unravel解开;拆散(un+ravel纠缠)non- 表示”不,非”nonexistent a.不存在的(non+existent存在的)nonsmoking a.不准吸烟的(non+smoking吸烟的)nonstop a.直达的(non+stop停止→不停→直达的)na.冷漠的(non+chalant关心的→不关心的)nonconformist n.不遵循传统竽活的人(non+conform一致+ist→[和传统]不一致的人)im-①表示“不,无,非”impossible 不可能的(im+plssible 可能的)immoral 不道德的(im+moral 道德的)impolite 无礼的(im+polite 礼貌的)impartial 公平的(im+partial 有偏见的)impassive 无动于衷的(im+pass 感情+ive→没感情)impeccable 无瑕疵的(im+pecc 斑点+able→无斑点的)immortal 不朽的(im+mortal 死的)immutable 不变的(im+mutable 可变的)精品文档交流inglorious 不光彩的(in+glori 光荣+ous→不光荣的)incapable 无能力的(in+capable 有能力的)inhuman 不人道的(in+human 人道的)injustice 不公正(in+justice 公正)incorrigible 积习难改的(in+corrigible 可改正的)inconstant 多变的,无常的(in+constant 稳定的)indifferent 冷漠的(in+different 不同的→同与不同的“事不关已” →冷漠的)innocuous 无害的(in+noc 毒害+ous→无害的)inimitable 无可比拟的(in+imit 模仿+able→不能模仿的)insubordinate 不服从的,反抗的(in+subordnate 服从的)②表示“向内,进入”imprison 监禁(im+prison 监狱)impel 驱动(im+pel 推→推进,驱动)imperil 处于危险中(im+peril 危险)impulse 冲动(im+pulse 跳动→冲动)implicit 含蓄的(im+plic 重叠+it→进入重叠→不直说→储蓄的)impersonate 扮演,模仿(im+person 人+ate→进入别人→扮演别人)inborn 天生的(in+born 出生的)inaugurate 举行就职典礼(in+augur 预兆,开始+ate→进入开始→就职;参考:augury 预兆)incentive 激励(in+cent 唱歌+ive→把精神唱进去→激励)incorporate 合并,并入(in+corpor 团体+ate→成为团体)inflame 使燃烧;激怒(in+flame 火焰)inspired 有灵感的(in+spired 有呼吸的→有生命的,有灵感的)indoor 户内的(in+door 门→门内的) dis-①表示"不,消失掉"dislike 不喜欢(dis+like 喜爱→不喜爱)disorder 无秩序(dis+order 顺序→没有顺序)dishonest 不诚实的(dis+honest 诚实的)disappear 消失(dis+appear 出现→不出现→消失)disproof 反证,反驳(dis+proof 证实→不证实→反证)discourage 使失去勇气(dis+courage 勇气)disarm 解除武装(dis+arm 武装→去掉武装)dispel 驱除,消除(dis+pel 推→推开→驱除)dispassionate 平心静气的(dis+passionate 有激情的)discover 发现(dis+cover 盖→把盖揭开→发现)dismay 沮丧(dis+may 能够→不能做事→沮丧;参考:五月能种粮食,所以叫May)②表示"分开,分离"disseminate 散布,传播(dis+semin 种子+ate→散布〔种子〕)dispense 分配(dis+pense 花费→分开花费→分配〔财富等〕)distract 分心(dis+tract 拉→把〔心〕拉开→分心)distend 膨胀(dis+tend 拉→分开拉→膨胀)discriminate 辨别;歧视(dis+crimin 分辨→ate→分辩开)dismiss 解散;开除(dis+miss 送→送出→解散)disburse 支付,支出(dis+burse 钱包→从钱包中分出→支出)discard 丢弃,抛弃(dis+card 扔→扔出去)discuss 讨论(dis+cuss 敲打→把〔问题〕分开敲→讨论)精品文档交流【下载本文档,可以自由复制内容或自由编辑修改内容,更多精彩文章,期待你的好评和关注,我将一如既往为您服务】精品文档交流。
速记这36个英语单词前缀,迅速搞定无数单词,记不住也能猜对
速记这36个英语单词前缀,迅速搞定无数单词,记不住也能猜对一、表示否定的前缀1. dis- 加在动词、形容词、名词之前2. in- 加在名词、形容词之前3. im-加在首字母m、p、b 的单词之前4. il- 加在首字母 l 的单词之前5. ir- 加在首字母 r 的单词之前6. un- 加在名词、形容词、副词之前7. non- 加在形容词、名词之前8. mis- 加在动词、名词之前二、表示“before …… 前”的前缀1. pre- 如predict 预测2. fore- 如 Foreground 前景3. pro- 如prospect 前途4. ex- 如ex-wife 前妻三、表示“after ……后”的前缀1. post- 如postwar 战后四、表示“低”、“下”的词缀1. sbu- 如subordinate 下级2. hypo-五、表示“回、”“再次” 的词缀1. re- 如react 反应六、表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1. co- 如co-exist 共存的七、表示“相互”、“共同”的前缀1. inter- 如interact 相互影响八、表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1. extra- 如 extraordinary 非凡的九、表示超出的前缀1. hyper-、 preter-、 super-、ultra-十、其它前缀1.auto- 自2.mal- 坏、恶,如:maltreat 虐待3.micro- 微小的,如microwave 微波4.tele- 远5.mono-、 uni- 单一、独立6.bi- 、di-、二,如:biweekly 每周两次的7.tri- 三,如triple 三倍的8.multi- 多,如 multiculture 多元文化的9.homo- 同,如homosexuel 同性恋的10. trans- 通过,穿过,如 transparent 透明的11.intro-到……中,如introduce 介绍12.dys- 坏13. deci-、deca- 十,如decade 十年14.centi- 百,如centimeter 厘米li- 千,如million 百万16.kilo- 万,如kilometer千米。
表示否定的前缀ir,un,im,in,non,dis等的添加规律
表示否认的前缀ir,un,im,in,non,dis等的添加规律表示否认的前缀im-加在字母m,b,p之前impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不准确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)ir-加在以r开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)------------------------------------------------------------------------还有一些前缀的规则:)non-加在形容词,名词前non-existence(不存有),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8.mis-加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune (不幸)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidite (解毒药)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,防碍)counterrevolution (反革命)。
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2.in-常用在以字母c开头的词前
incorrect 前
irregular
4. dis-较常用的前缀
dishonest
5.un- 是最常用的前缀
unimportant unpopular uncomfortable unnecessary unhappy unwelcome uncommon … …
不诚实的
un-
大多数形容词否定 unimportant 不重要的
前缀都是以un-开头 unpopular
不流行的
uncomfortable 不舒适的
unnecessary 不必要的
unhappy
不开心的
你掌握了吗?测试一下吧!
1. _d_is_honest 2. _im__polite 3. _i_n_correct 4. _i_r _regular 5. _im__possible 6. _u_n__able
巧记初中英语形容词的否定前缀
初中英语形容词的否定前缀有:
dis, im, in, ir, un 可译成汉语“非”“无”“不”
怎样正确地给形容词添加词缀?
在教学的过程中,我们会发现学生总是会加 错前缀。如何才能准确的记住这些否定前 缀的应用呢? 我们能找出哪些规律来帮助我们记忆呢?
1. im- 常加在以字母p开头的词前
否定前缀 规律
例词
中文释义
im-
初中英语主要在字 impolite
不礼貌的
母p开头的词前
impossible 不可能的
impatient
不耐烦的
in-
以字母c开头的词前 incorrect
不正确的
inactive
不活跃的
ir-
以字母r开头的词前 irregular
不规则的
dis-
较常用的前缀
dishonest
总结
初中阶段,绝大多数形容词都是加前缀-un构 成其否定形式,记忆起来工程浩大,比较困难。 不是以un-否定前缀构成的形容词基本上只有7 个。即前面讲到的以dis-, im-, in-, ir-开头的七 个例词。也就是说,如果把这七个词熟记于心, 那么记忆形容词否定前缀就将事半功倍。
dis-前缀除了形容词dishonest外,还常常用在动词前构成否定形 式,如dislike, disagree, disappear等。
7.__u_n_common 8.__u_n_friendly 9.__u_n_happy 10._in___active 11._u_n__necessary 12._im___patient