直接引语变间接引语的五种方法
(详细版)直接引语变间接引语
4.直接引语是祈使句
间接引语应改为 “Tell (ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型 。
"Don't make any noise," the teacher said to the studen →She told (ordered) the students not to make any noise. “Open the door, please," said she. →She asked him to open the door. The teacher said to the students, “Stop talking.” →The teacher told the students to stop talking. “Don’t touch anything.” He said. →He told us not to touch anything.
指示代词this, Nhomakorabeathese
时 间 状 语
now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month
The day after tomorrow
地点状语
方向性动词
直接引语变间接引语面面观
一、如何变人称: 口诀:一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语 是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中 主语的人称变化如: She said. "My brother wants to go shopping with me. ” →She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语 是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主 句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称 ,如:
直接引语变间接引语的五点变化
直接引语变间接引语的五点变化1.时态变化直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句的时态如下表:直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时(不变)过去进行时过去进行时(不变)can couldmay mightmust must/ had toeg: "l like English very much,"he said. 他说:“我很喜欢英语。
” →He said that he liked English very much.He said, "It would rain soon." 他说:“很快就会下雨。
” →He said that it would rain soon.注意:[1] 若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变:The teacher said to us,"Knowledge is power."老师对我们说:“知识就是力量” →The teacher told us that knowledge is power.[2]有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时态状语,变为间接引语时时态也可不变:He said that his daughter was born in 1997."他说:“我的女儿是1997年出生的。
” →He said that his daughter was born in 1997.2时间状语,地点状语,指示代词和动词的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,有些时间状语,地点状语,指示代词和动词也要作相应的变动。
直接引语间接引语时间状语now 现在then 那时;当时时间状语today 今天that day 那天时间状语tonight 今晚that night 那天晚上时间状语this week 本周that week 上周时间状语yesterday 昨天the day before前一天时间状语the day beforeyesterday 前天two days before 前两天时间状语two days ago 两天前three days before 三天前时间状语last week 上周the last week 前一周时间状语tomorrow 明天the next day 第二天时间状next week 下周the next week 第二个语星期this 这that 那指示代词these 这些those 那些指示代词here 这里there 那里地点状语动词come 来go 去注:直接引语转换成间接引语时的变化应视实际情况而定。
直接引语变间接引语(记住这5变)
直接引语变间接引语一、陈述句1.直接引语与间接引语概念:Our teacher said: “British food is disgusting.”引用别人的原话,称为直接引语。
Our teacher told us that British food was disgusting.转述别人的话,称为间接引语。
2.直接引语变间接引语直接引语:Paul said,“I travel to London every weekend.”一现间接引语:Paul said that he travelled to London every weekend .步骤:抄、变、变、变、查①抄:xxx说——saidxxx告诉我/我们—— told me/us②变:变符号,“/:“———that.”——— . 句号③变:变人称人称代词/ 人名/ 物主代词+n. / n.he she we they / Rose / my friends / mom④变:变时态时态倒推)现进(was/were+doing)一将动原/ wouldn’t+动原)情态动词:改变:cancan’t不变:shouldshouldn’t⑥查:注意:She told me that...√ She said that...√She told that...× She said me that...×二、一般疑问句(可以用Yes/No 回答的问句)Paul asked me : “Are you watching the match?"Paul asked me if I was watching the match.步骤:抄变变变变查1 抄:____ asked _____宾语/人名/物主代词+ n./ n.me/Jack/her friends/ mom2 变:变符号:“ / ,“ → if/whether +主语(人/物)?” → .句号3 变:变人称人称代词/人名/物主代词+ n./ n.4 变:变时态时态倒推一般现在时(do) → 一般过去时(did) → 过去完成时(had done) → 过去完成时现在完成时(have done)现在进行时(am/is/are doing) → 过去进行时(was/were doing)一般将来时(will/won't +动词原形)→ 过去将来时(would/wouldn't +动词原形)情态动词can/can't → could/couldn't + 动词原形不变:should → should + 动词原形shouldn't → shouldn't5 变:变语序陈述语序(主语+ be/动词)6 查:句意查一遍练习:1. 一般现在时(do) → 一般过去时(did)Henry asked me: “Do you always wear a scarf?"Do 的作用:①判断句型:一般疑问句②判断时态:一般现在时Henry asked me if I always wore a scarf.2. 一般过去时(did) → 过去完成时(had done)Jack asked me: “Did yo u go to the party?"Did 作用:①判断句型②判断时态③还原时态:动原→动过去式一般疑问句一般过去时you went to the partyJack asked me if I had gone to the party.3. 现在完成时(have done) → 过去完成时(had done)Jack asked his friend: “Have you read the Little Prince?"Jack asked his friend if they had read the Little Prince.4. 现在进行时(am/is/are doing) → 过去进行时(was/were doing) Jack asked Lily and Rose: “Are you painting?"Jack asked Lily and Rose if they were painting.5. will/won't → would/wouldn'tJack asked his dad: “Will we go travelling during the gap year ?" Jack asked his dad if they would go travelling during the gap year.6. can/can't → could/couldn'tJack: “Can you swim, grandpa ?"Jack asked his grandpa if he could swim.7. should/shouldn't → should/shouldn'tTara:Should I bring a coat?Tara asked herself if she should bring a coat.三、直接引语变间接引语——特殊疑问句(含有特殊疑问词且不可以用Yes/No 回答的疑问句)Paul asked me : “What are you reading?"Paul asked me what I was doing .步骤:抄变变变变查①抄:____ asked _____宾语/人名/物主代词+ n./ n.me/Jack/her friends/ mom②变:变符号:“ / ,“ →特殊疑问词+主语(人/物)(what,which,who,where,when,why,how)?” → .句号③变:变人称人称代词/人名/物主代词+ n./ n.④变:变时态时态倒推一般现在时(do) → 一般过去时(did) → 过去完成时(had done) → 过去完成时现在完成时(have done)现在进行时(am/is/are doing) → 过去进行时(was/were doing)一般将来时(will/won't +动词原形)→ 过去将来时(would/wouldn't +动词原形)情态动词can/can't → could/couldn't + 动词原形不变:should → should + 动词原形shouldn't → shouldn't⑤变:变语序陈述语序(主语+ be/动词)⑥查:句意查一遍练习:1. 一般现在时(do) → 一般过去时(did)Kate asked me: “Why do you like extreme sports?"Do 的作用:①判断时态:一般现在时Kate asked me why you liked extreme sports.Jake:”What time is it?Kate asked me what time it was.2. 一般过去时(did) → 过去完成时(had done)Jack: “Who did you see, Jack?"Did 作用:①判断时态②还原时态:动原→动过去式一般过去时who you saw,JackJack asked Jack who he had seen.3. 现在完成时(hav e done) → 过去完成时(had done)Jack : “Where have you been to,my sister?"Jack asked his sister where she had been.4. 现在进行时(am/is/are doing) → 过去进行时(was/were doing) Rose asked:“What are you doing,grandma?”Rose asked her grandma what she was doing.5. will/won't →would/wouldn'tPeter:“Which subject will robots teach at school,Miss Jiang?”Peter asked Miss Jiang which subject robots would teach at school.6. can/can't →could/couldn'tLaura asked “how can I help you?”Laura asked me how she could help me.7. shou ld/shouldn't → should/shouldn'tTina asked,“What should we bring?”Tina asked us what we should bring.。
语文:直接引语改为间接引语
小天地文化艺术学校
教导处
直接引语与间接引语
直接引语:直接引述别人的话 间接引语:转述别人的话
一、比较简单句子的转换
• 例 1 :小王说:“这是我的书。” • 改为 :小王说,这是他的书。 • 例 2 :明明对妈妈说:“我生病了。” • 改为 :明明对妈妈说,他生病了。
• 例 4:老师对我说:“我来帮助你。” • 改为:老师对我说,他来帮助我。
例 3:老师对小明说:“我来帮助你。” 改为:老师对小明说,他来帮助小明。 例 4:老师对我说:“我来帮助你。” 改为:老师对我说,他来帮助我。
摸索这种转述句的变化规律后,总结这种转述的方法为: A对B说:“代表A的人称代词......代表B的人称代词......” 把代表A的人称代词改为第三人称(他或他们), 代表B的人称代词改为 B 的名字。
三、较为复杂句子的转换
• 当有三个人称时,代表第三个人物的人称代词用 原名 表示。
• 例 5:老师对我说:“你告诉小明,我帮他复习功课。” • 改为:老师对我说,让我告诉小明,他帮小明复习功课。
• 注意:第三个人称代词的变化,以及需要适当增加或是删减 • 个别词语,让句子变得更通顺。
四、改变语气
方法: 1、说前面不变,冒号改为逗号。 2、去掉双引号. 3、把第一人称改为第三人称 。 注意:间接引语里不能出现第二人称,不能有相同的两个他或者她等。
二、稍微复杂句子的转换
• 当所引述的话里有第二人称时,需要根据语境的不同调整人称
• 例 3:老师对小明说:“我来帮助你。” • 改为:老师对小明说,他来帮助小明。
例 6:姑娘对孩子们说:“我可以喝你们井里的水吗?” 改为:姑娘问孩子们,她可不可以喝孩子们井里的水。
直接引语变间接引语的转换
直接引语变间接引语的转换:〔一〕如何变人称:口诀:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。
“一随主〞是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。
如:She said. “My brother wants to go with me. 〞→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾〞是指直接引语变间接引语时,假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称。
如:He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?〞→ He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新〞是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰,从句中的人称一般不需要变化。
如:Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.〞→ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good work er.〔二〕时态的变化①如果引述动词为现在时态,间接引语的动词可以保持原来的时态。
He says, “I have been writing a novel.〞------- He says that he has been writing a novel.He says:"that's all right."----- He says that's all right.②如果引述动词为过去时态,间接引语中的时间就要往后推,即现在时间推至过去时间,过去时间推至过去的过去,将来时间推至过去将来时间。
具体变化见下表:She said:"I am a student."------- She said (that) she was a student.(一般现在时变成一般过去时)She said:"He will go to see his friend"-----She said he would go to see his friend.(一般将来时变成过去将来时) Tom said:"I am going to play basketball tomorrow."The teacher said, “You are doing OK.〞老师说:“你们干得很不错。
直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧
直接引语转换为间接引语的技巧一、人称的转换1. 直接引语中的第一人称,一般转换为第三人称如:He said,“I am very sorry.”→He said that he was very sorry.2. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对转述人说的,应转换为第一人称如:“You should be more careful next time.”my father told me.→ My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3. 直接引语中的第二人称,如果原话是针对第三人称说的,要转换成第三人称如:She said to her son,“I’ll check your homework tonight.”→ She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等如:He asked me,“Will you go to the station with me to meet afriend of mine this afternoon?”→He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.5. 口诀巧记人称变化口诀:“一主、二宾、三不变”。
(1)“一主”指当直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。
如:He said,“I am forty.”→ He said that he was forty.(2)“二宾”指当直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称上的一致。
如:He said,“Are you coming tomorrow?”→He asked me if I was coming the next day.(3)“三不变”指当直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。
(完整版)直接引语改为间接引语
(完整版)直接引语改为间接引语直接引语改为间接引语基本方法及例句基本方法1、改标点①把“冒号”改成“逗号”②去掉“双引号”2、改人称(一般情况下)③把“我”改成“他”/“她”把“我们”改成“他们”/“她们”④把“他”/“她”改成“我”把“他们”/“她们”改成“我们”⑤把“你”改成“我”/“他”/“她”⑥把“你们”改成“我们”/“他们”/“她们”(根据说话的对象决定)3、检查句子,添加/减少/修改一两个词语,使句子意思通顺,表达合理举例说明这些句子分成三类:①××对我说……1、直接引语是直接引用别人的话,而间接引语则是转达别人说的话,因此,直接引语改为间接引语时,说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”。
如:张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
”改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
2、当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。
如:姐姐对我说:“你说得对,我就这样做。
”改:姐姐告诉我,我说得对,她就这样做。
上面的例句中涉及了第二人称,在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。
还应注意,冒号和引号前的内容不变。
②我对××说……如:我对小王说:“你的成绩总是名列前茅,我要向你学习。
”改:我对小王说,他的成绩总是名列前茅,我要向他学习。
③××对××说……如:妈妈对爸爸说:“我明天要去开会。
”改:妈妈对爸爸说,她明天要去开会。
妈妈告诉爸爸,她明天要去开会。
直接引语和间接引语句子训练文章摘要:本文章的主要内容是关于直接引语和间接引语句子训练,欢迎您来阅读并提出宝贵意见!直接引语和间接引语(转述句和陈述句)1.直接引语是直接引用别人的话,而间接引语则是转达别人说的话,因此,直接引语改为间接引语时,说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”。
如:张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
”改:张童告诉我,他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。
2.当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。
直接引语变间接引语方法
直接引语变间接引语方法(讲解与练习一概述1 当直接引语为陈述句,变为间接引语时,从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点(状语)等都要发生变化。
2 当直接引语为疑问句,变为间接引语时,从句中人称、时态、指示代词、时间、地点、语序等都要发生变化。
二引导词1 直接引语为陈述句用that引导(可省略)。
2 直接引语为一般疑问句用if/whether引导。
3 直接引语为特殊疑问句用疑问词引导(切记:后用陈述语序)。
4 直接引语为祈使句(命令句)用to do 。
三时态1 直接引语为一般现在时,间接引语根据需要选用时态。
2 直接引语为一般过去时,间接引语变化如下:一般现在时→一般过去时一般将来时→过去将来时现在进行时→过去进行时一般过去式→过去完成时现在完成时→过去完成时过去完成时→过去完成时3 直接引语为客观真理,变间接引语时,时态不变。
四常见变化1 say→tell/ask(针对直接引语首/主句)2 this →that these→ those3 last week→ the week beforenext week →the next weeknow →thentoday →that dayyesterday →the day beforetomorrow →the next daya day ago →a day before4 here →there5 come →go巩固练习(按以上讲解顺序编排):1 She said,"I have to say goodbye now."2 She said to us,"It may snow tonight."3 " I bought the glasses yesterday," She said to me.4 "Is your mother a doctor ?" She asked Lily.5 She asked " Where is Linda ?"6 " Who has brought you to the hospital?" the nurse asked the girl.7 " Please read ten pages today," the teacher said to the students.8 The teacher said to us, " The earth travels around the sun."9 He said, " I was a soldier in 2008." (注意此题)参考答案:1 She said she had to say goodbye then.2 She told us it might snow that night.3 She told me she had bought the glasses the day before.4 she asked Lily if her mother was a doctor.5 She asked where Linda was.6 The nurse asked the girl who had brought her to the hospital.7 The teacher told the students to read 10 pages that day.8 The teacher told us the earth travels around the sun.9 He said he was a soldier in 2008.。
直接引语变间接引语的方法
直接引语变间接引语的方法:从句人称的变化:1)直接引语的主语是第一人称时,变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。
eg:①They said,“We will go there by bus” 他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。
→ They said they would go there by bus. 他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。
②He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” → He said that he was vis iting his aunt next week.2)如果直接引语的主语是第二人称,变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。
eg: ①She said to me,“Are you interested in science?” 她对我说:“你对自然科学感兴趣吗?” → She asked me if /whether I was interested in science. 她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。
②He said to me,“You are hard-working.” → He told me that I was hard-working.3)如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时,变为间接引语时人称保持不变。
eg: His mother said to me,“ He can’t go to school.” 他的妈妈对我说:“他不能去上学”。
→ His mother told me that he couldn’t go to school. 他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。
从句时态的变化:1)如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时,直接引语变间接引语时,从局的时态保持不变。
eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.” 他说:“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。
→ He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.2)如果主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的时态要做相应的变化。
直接引语变为间接引语
直接引语变为间接引语一、简单的句子转换例题一:他小声地说:“我不要紧,我的身体还结实。
”他小声地说,他不要紧,他的身体还结实。
例题二:小红对我说:“这是我的房间。
”小红对我说,这是她的房间。
转换方法:说前面的不变,冒号改为逗号,双引号要去掉,第一人称改为第三人称。
注意:间接引语不能出现第二人称,不能有两个她或他等。
二、复杂句子的转换当句子中出现第二人称时,需要根据具体的语境来调整人称。
例题三:小红对小明说:“我来看望你奶奶。
”小红对小明说,她来看望小明奶奶。
例题四:小红对我说:“我来看望你奶奶。
”小红对我说,她来看望我奶奶。
转换方法:说前面的不变,冒号改为逗号,双引号要去掉,第一人称改为第三人称。
加一步,凡是文中已知姓名的第二人称,都要用姓名来代替。
掌握变化规律后,总结这种转述句的方法为A对B说代表A的人称代词。
代表B的人称代词把代表a的人称代词改为第三人称。
他或他们代表B的人称代词改为B的名字三、很复杂的句子转换当有三个人称时,代表第三个人物的人称代词用原名代替例题五:邻居对我说:“你告诉小红,我晚上带她回家。
邻居对我说,让我告诉小红,他晚上带小红回家。
例题六:老班长轻声对我说:“小声点儿,小梁!咱们俩是党员,你既然知道了,可不要再告诉别人。
”老班长轻声对小梁说,小声点儿,他们俩是党员,小梁既然知道了,可不要再告诉别人。
注意:第三个人称代词的变化,以及需要适当增加或是删减个别词语,让句子更加通顺。
四、改变语气例题七:老师对孩子们说:“我可以和你们一起玩吗?“老师问孩子们,他可不可以和孩子们一起玩。
五、当堂练习1、爸爸对小红说:“今天放学,我接你去吃肯德基。
“爸爸对小红说,今天放学,他接小红去吃肯德基。
2、爸爸说:“你先和妈妈吃饭,我有事先走了。
“爸爸说,我和妈妈吃饭,他有事先走了。
3、老师对小红说:“我有事,你帮我管好纪律。
老师对小红说,他有事,让小红帮他管好纪律。
4、鲁肃对我说:“都是你自找的,我怎么帮得了你的忙。
直接引语变间接引语的规则语文
直接引语变间接引语的规则语文
直接引语变间接引语是指从直接引语中转换为间接引语的过程,在中文文本写作中可以广泛运用。
间接引语一般指称所引述的话语在句中暗含出来,而不是用引号把话话完整地引述出来。
一般来讲,直接变间接的规则有以下几点:
一是把引述句中的人称、时态发生变化,并在句尾加上“某某说”这样的句子成分。
比如直接引语是“我今天放假了”,那么间接引语就可以变成:他说他今天放了假。
二是把引述句中的某些词语进行替换,以便表达出原来的意思。
比如直接引语是“明天你要去上学吗”,转成间接引语就可以变成:他问明天你是否要去上学。
三是把直接引语的句子进行延伸,比如直接引语是“今天天气很晴朗”,转换为间接引语就可以变成:他说今天的天气晴朗,阳光明媚。
四是在句尾加上表示推测、心理状态等句子成分,比如直接引语是“我很高兴”,那么转换为间接引语就可以变成:他说他很高兴,大概是发生了什么好事吧。
五是把使用的措辞从准确变为不准确,比如直接引语是“今天温度很低”,那么间接引语就可以变成:他说今天气温不高。
除了以上几点,直接引语变间接引语还有其他特殊情况,需要我们在实际运用中重点借鉴,也可以根据实际情况设计出更合适的句式。
总之,直接变间接引语是中文写作中一个重要部分,通过经常注意这一点,写作才能更加得体恰当。
直接引语变间接引语的几种变化及举例
直接引语变间接引语的几点变化一、时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个,即一般现在时变为一般过去时,一般将来时变为过去将来时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,现在完成时变为过去完成时,一般过去时也变为过去完成时,等等(若直接引语为过去完成时,变为间接引语可以不变)。
另外,若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等,也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词mu st可以变为had to,也可不变,should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)。
如:“I like to watch TV,” she said. 她说:“我喜欢看电视。
”→She said that she liked to watch TV. 她说她喜欢看电视。
He said, “I’m waiting for her.” 他说:“我在等她。
”→He said that he was waiting for her. 他说他在等她。
“It will rain soon,” he said. 他说:“很快就会下雨。
”→He said that it would rain soon. 他说很快就会下雨。
“She can swim,” he said. 他说:“她会游泳。
”→He said that she could swim. 他说她会游泳。
注意:(1)若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变:The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.” 老师说:“地球绕着太阳转。
”→The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun. 老师说地球绕着太阳转。
(2)有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态也可不变:He said, “ was born in 1954.” 他说:“我是1954年生的。
直接引语变间接引语口诀
直接引语变间接引语口诀一、当直接引语为陈述句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加that,人称变化要灵活,时态向后退一步,状语变化按规则。
She said,“My brother doesn't want to go there.”→She said that her brother didn't want to go there.二、当直接引语为一般疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号加if,陈述语序要记住,时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。
I asked her,“Do you study English here?”→I asked her if she studied English there.三、当直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:直接去引号,陈述莫忘掉,小心助动词,丢它最重要。
“What do you want?”he asked me. →He asked me what I wanted.四、当直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语的“顺口溜”是:去掉引号要加to, ask,tell须记住,直引若是否定式,not加在to前部。
The teacher said to her mother,“Please give me the book.” →The teacher told her mother to give her the book.五、对于人称变化,要求学生们记住的“顺口溜”是:第一人称看主语,第二人称看宾语,宾语若是不存在,活用代词I,my,me。
He said to her,“Are you interested in English?”→He a sked her if she was interested in English.The teacher said,“Where have you been?”→The teacher asked me(us) where I(we) had been.六、时态对应表:直接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时→ 一般过去时一般将来时→ 过去将来时现在进行时→ 过去进行时一般过去时→ 过去完成时现在完成时→ 过去完成时(过去完成时时态不变)情态动词也要变成相应的过去式:can could; may might; must must/had to一般疑问句whether/if 引导的宾语从句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.特殊疑问句wh-词引导的宾语从句“Mary, when will you return John asked Mary when she wouldme the book?” asked John return him the book主句动词为一般现在时或现在完成时从句动词时态不变She often says, “All men and women She often says that all men and womenar e equal under the law.”are equal under the law.主句动词为一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时“I know it,” he said.He said that he knew it现在进行时过去进行时“I’m making coffee for you all,” she said.She said she was making coffee for us all.现在完成时过去完成时“I have seen her before,” said he. He said he had seen her before.一般过去时过去完成时“I saw her last Monday,” he said.He said he had seen her the previous Monday过去完成时过去完成时“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed.Jack asked if I knew Rick had been ill in bedfor many days till he died?” Jack asked for many days till he died一般将来时过去将来时He said: “We shall start tomorrow He said they would start the next day由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1. 不变的真理The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.2. 经常的习惯:He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 历史事件:The teacher said, “World War Ⅱended in 1945.”→ The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等:She said to me: “You must hurry up.”→ She said that I must hurry up.练习题;1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”Jack told me that ___ worried ___.A. he looks…todayB. you look…todayC. we looked…that dayD. I looked…that day2. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”We told her that ___ through the street ___.A. we were walking…thenB. you are walking…nowC .they were walking…then D. they walking…now3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that __ a long way __.A. I had walked…last wee kB. he had walked…that weekC. I walked…last weekD. he has walked…this week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that __ take it back ____.A. I shall…tomorrowB. I shall…the next dayC. he should…tomo rrowD. he wo uld …the next day5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house.A. that were we…thisB. that we were…thatC. if were we …thisD. if we were…that6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked ____ about _____.A. that he heard…a week ag oB. what he had heard…the week beforeC. what he had herd… a week agoD. if he heard…the week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”She asked whose house ____ break into __A. will he…next timeB. would he…the next timeC. he would…the next timeD. he will…next time8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where ____ holidays.A. she spent herB. you spend yourC. she spend herD. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”Black asked me why ____ yet.A. I hadn’t left thereB. I haven’t left hereC. hadn’t I left thereD. haven’t I lef t here10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?”The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east.A. if…riseB. if…risesC. whether…roseD. whether did …rise。
直接引语变间接引语(第三人称转述句)方法大全
直接引语转化为间接引语(含练习与答案)一、语文中直接引语和间接引语互换的方法:1、改变人称,即第一人称(或第三人称)改为第三人称(或第一人称),如果原句中出现了第二人称,则改为双引号以外的具体人称。
2、改动标点符号,冒号与逗号互换,去掉或加入双引号。
3、如果遇到问句,则需要改为表示商量的祈使句。
4、增删个别词语,保证句子的流畅通顺。
二、直接引语和间接引语的转换类型1、标点符号的改变:引述句改转述句,冒号和引号要改为逗号;转述句改引述句,要加上冒号和引号。
2、人称的变化:(1)引述句改转述句时,说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”;如:老师对我说:“把你的作业本拿来我看看。
”改:老师对我说,把我的作业本拿给她看看。
(2)当引述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。
如:姐姐对我说:“你说得对,我就这样做。
”改:姐姐对我说,我说得对,她就这样做。
上面的例句中涉及了第二人称,在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。
应注意,冒号和引号前的内容不变。
(3)转述句改为引述句,第三人称“他”或“她”应改为第一人称“我”,说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。
如:老班长说,他没有完成任务,没把我们照顾好。
改:老班长说:“我没有完成任务,没把你们照顾好。
”三、直接引语转化为间接引语直接引语转换为间接引语时,不管提示语在哪里(前、后、中),都应该将提示语写到前面来。
例:小明说:“下雨了,我今天不到奶奶家去。
”改为:下雨了,小明说,他今天不到奶奶家去。
改为:下雨了,他今天不到奶奶家去。
小明说。
1、标点符号的转换:直接引语转换成间接引语,标点符号遵循“两去两改”的原则。
去掉冒号和引号。
感叹号、问号都改成句号。
例:他笑着问小姑娘:“小朋友,拾到什么好东西?”改为:他笑着问小姑娘拾到什么好东西。
2、人称的转换:a、直接引语中出现了第三人称,改写为间接引语时,人称代词不用改变。
直接将句子整理通顺即可。
例:妈妈说:“小明到外婆家去了。
”改为:妈妈说小明到外婆家去了。
直接引语和间接引语的转换方法
直接引语和间接引语的转换方法直接引语和间接引语是英语中常见的两种引述方式。
直接引语是将某人的原话直接用引号括起来,而间接引语则是将他人的话转述出来。
在英语写作中,我们经常需要进行直接引语和间接引语的转换。
本文将介绍关于直接引语和间接引语的转换方法。
一、直接引语的转换为间接引语当我们需要将直接引语转换为间接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1. 主要变化:将引号去掉,改为使用"that"引导从句。
例如:直接引语:“I am going to the park,” she said.间接引语:She said that she was going to the park.2. 时态变化:根据引语所表示的时间改变时态。
例如:直接引语:“I am studying English,” he said.间接引语:He said that he was studying English.3. 人称变化:根据引语所表示的人称改变人称。
例如:直接引语:“I will help you,” he said.间接引语:He said that he would help me.4. 指示变化:根据引语中的指示词改变指示词。
例如:直接引语:“This is a book,” she said.间接引语:She said that that was a book.5. 修饰变化:根据引语中的修饰词改变修饰词。
例如:直接引语:“I love this beautiful city,” she said.间接引语:She said that she loved that beautiful city.二、间接引语的转换为直接引语当我们需要将间接引语转换为直接引语时,需要注意以下几点:1. 去除“that”:将从句中的"that"去除。
例如:间接引语:She said that she was busy.直接引语:“I am busy,” she said.2. 时态变化:根据引语所表示的时间改变时态。
直接引语变间接引语
直接引语变间接引语直接引语变间接引语有着时态,人称,时间状语,地点状语的变化。
1.时态变化:直接引语:一般现在时间接引语:一般过去时直接引语:现在进行时间接引语:过去进行时直接引语:一般将来时间接引语:过去将来时直接引语:现在完成时间接引语:过去完成时直接引语:一般过去时间接引语:过去完成时2.人称变化:She asked Jack,"Where have you been?"→She asked Jack where he had been.3.指示代词的变化:this→that;these→thoseHe said,"These books are mine"→He said that those books were his.4.时间状语的变化:now →then today →that day yesterday →the day beforetomorrow →the next day/the following daylast month(week) →the month(week)beforenext month(week) →the next month(week)the day before yesterday →two days beforeMy father said,"I worked here twenty years ago."My father said that he had worked there twenty years before.5.地点状语的变化:here →thereHe asked me,"How can I get here?"He asked me how he could get there.注意:直接引语变间接引语的句式变化:1.陈述句:间接引语用that连接或that连接词省略。
2.一般疑问句:间接引语用if或whether, said改为asked,句子用陈述语序。
疑问句由直接引语变间接引语
一、一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后。
如: “are you ill?” he asked. 他问。
如:“你病了吗?”
→he asked if [whether] i was ill. 他问我是否病了。
注意:
(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say,改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。
二、特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由“疑问词”引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后。
如:
he asked, “when did she leave?”他问。
如:“她什么时候离开的?”
→he asked when she had left. 他问她什么时候离开的。
注意:
(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say,改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。
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1. 直接引语为陈述句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后(that也可省略):
“I don’t love her.” he says. 他说:“我不爱她。”
→He says that he doesn’t love her. 他说他不爱她。
“Could you help us?” he said. 他说:“请帮帮我们好吗?”
→He asked me to help them. 他叫我帮帮他们。
有些直接引语比较特殊,不太适宜用以上方法变间接引语,也应根据句意选用恰当的表达方式:
“Thank you.” he said. 他说:“谢谢你。”
“Shall we meet at two?” he said. 他说:“我们两点集合好不好?”
→He suggested meeting at two. 他建议两点集合。
“Shall I do it for you?” he asked. 他说:“我替你做好吗?”
→He offered to do it for me. 他主动提出替我做。
He says, “I like singing and I want to be a singer.” 他说:“我喜欢唱歌,我想当歌手。”
→He says that he likes singing and that he wanted to be a singer. 他说他喜欢唱歌,想当歌手。
→He thanked me. 他向我表示感谢。
“Good luck.” he said. 他说:“祝你好运。”
→He wished me good luck. 他祝我好运。
He said, “Liar.” 他说:“你撒谎。”
→He called me a liar. 他骂我撒谎
→He told Jim to come early the next day. 他叫吉姆第二天早点来。
“Don’t be late again, Mary.” he said. 他说:“玛丽,不要再迟到了。”
→He told Mary not to be late again. 他叫玛丽不要再迟到了。
→He asked if [whether] I was ill. 他问我是否病了。
【注意】
(1)改为宾语从句的间接引语要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say,改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。
3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由“疑问词”引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:
4. 直接引语为祈使句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这一结构进行转换,若祈使句为否定式,则用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth,其中ask, tell, order的选择视句子的语气而定:
“Come early tomorrow, Jim.” he said. 他说:“吉姆,明天早点来。”
【注意】
(1)若引述动词用的是say to sb,则通常改为tell sb:
“It’s a secret.” he said to me. 他对我说:“这是秘密。”
→He told me that it was a secret. 他对我说那是秘密。
(2)若直接引语是两个并列的陈述句,要注意在第二个宾语从句前加连词that:
在此种情况下,引导第一个宾语从句的that有时可以省略,但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略,以免误解。(from )
2. 直接引语为一般疑问句时如何变为间接引语
方法是:将直接引语变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句跟在引述动词之后:
“Are you ill?” he asked. 他问:“你病了吗?”
5. 直接引语变间接引语的非正常方法
有时直接引语变为间接引语时,可根据具体的语境选用某种特定的方式,而不拘泥于以上通常方法:
“You had better hurry, Bill.” he said. 他说:“比尔,你最好快点。”
→He advised Bill to hurry. 他建议比尔快点。
【注意】
(1)除动词ask, tell, order外,有时也可能用其他动词:
“Don’t go out at night, Jim.” he said. 他说:“吉姆,晚上别出去。”
→He warned Jim not to go out at night. 他警告吉姆晚上不要出去。
(2)若祈使句中没有呼语,应根据句意给动词ask, tell, order等补上适当的宾语:
“Watch carefully.” he said. 他说:“仔细看着。”
→He told us to watch carefully. 他叫我们仔细看着。(from )
He asked, “When did she leave?” 他问:“她什么时候离开的?”
→He asked when she had left. 要用陈述句词序。
(2)若直接引语引述动词为say,改成间接引语应将其改为ask等。