主动语态变被动语态所应注意的几个问题

主动语态变被动语态所应注意的几个问题

一、主动语态变被动语态所应注意的几种结构

（一）含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构

1.My elder sister gave me an English dictionary yesterday. (to)

____________________________________________________________

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2.Tom bought me a book as my birthday present.(for)

_____________________________________________________________

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（二）含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构

1.Everybody here called her Big Sister.

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2.I noticed a boy enter the classroom just now.

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3.We last saw the girl playing in the street.

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（三）含情态动词的主动结构变为被动结构

情态动词+ be+过去分词

1.You must finish your homework before dinner.

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2.May I open the door?

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（四）含短语动词的主动结构变为被动结构

动词词组构成被动语态时，注意介词或副词不能遗漏。但有些动词词组是不能变为被动语态的，如take place, break out, agree with, live with, write to, have on 等。

1.You must hand in your homework after class.

________________________________________________________________________

2.You should pay more attention to your spelling.

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（五）含宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构

若主句的谓语动词是say, think, know, report, consider, expect, believe等，后跟宾语从句，变被动语态有两种：一种是用it作形式主语结构，另一种是用不定式结构。

1.They think that the boy is honest.

_____ ______ ______ that the boy is honest.

_____ _______ _______ ________ to be honest

2.We know that Li Wen is very famous now.

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二、主动语态表示被动含义

（一）有些连系动词，主要指物作主语的系动词:look, become, go, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, remain, stay, appear等。

1.Cotton __________(feel) soft.

2.The music _________(sound) comfortable.

3.It has ________(go) bad.

（二）有些不及物动词（其主语多指物）。

1、表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如sell,read,draw, wash, write, open, wear, run, burn等。这类动词多不单独使用，常有一个修饰语（副词）。

1）This kind of book sells well.

2）The letter reads as follow.

3）The cloth _______(wash) well.

2、不及物动词或某些短语，如last, cost, spread, happen (to), take place, belong to, break out,

go out, run out, shut off, turn off, work out等。

1）The accident ___________(happen) outside my house.

2）It was almost midnight when a fire ______________(break out) in the neighborhood. （三）不定式的主动语态表示被动含义。

1、不定式在easy, difficult, fit等形容词之后作状语时，且不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上

的动宾关系，不定式的宾语必须省略。

1）The book is easy to understand.

2）The problem is difficult to settle.

2、若作定语用的不定式与其所修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系，并与句子的主语之间存在