6000m3内浮顶油罐设计

本科毕业论文

题目：6000m3内浮顶油罐设计

院系：机械工程学院专业：油气储运工程班级：

学生姓名：

指导教师：

毕业设计任务书机械工程学院油气储运工程专业班学生:

设计参数：

1． 公称容积：6000m 3

2． 设计压力：常压

3． 设计温度：0℃～50℃

4． 贮液重度：3

750m kg =液γ

5． 罐底地基系数：35cm kgf K b =

6． 焊接接头系数：9.0=φ

7． 腐蚀裕度：C 1=1mm

8． 设计风速：55m/s

9． 地震防烈度：8度

10． 贮罐场地类型：II 类

11． 贮液进出口管：DN200，流速2m/s

摘要

本设计题目为6000立方米内浮顶油罐。储罐是一种储存液体或气体的钢制密封容器。主要应用与石油化工工业贮存石油及其产品以及其他液体化学产品。钢制储罐是石油、化工、粮油、食品、消防、交通、冶金、国防等行业必不可少的、重要的基础设施，我们的经济生活中总是离不开大大小小的钢制储罐，钢制储罐储油是目前应用最普遍的一种储油方式。它很少受到自然条件和地理位置的制约，储油容量可以根据需要灵活确定。

浮顶是一覆盖在油面上，并随着油面升降的盘状结构物。由于浮顶外缘与罐壁之间有环形密封装置，使得浮顶与油面间几乎不存在气体空间，从而极大的减少油品的蒸发损耗，减少油气对大气的污染，减少火灾的危险性。浮顶罐特别适宜建造大容积储罐，建造大容积储罐，可以节省单位储油容积的耗钢量和建设投资。但是，由于外浮顶直接暴露于大气，储存的油品很容易被雨雪、灰尘玷污，故外浮顶多用于储存原油，较少用于储存成品油。

内浮顶储罐是在拱顶储罐内部增设浮顶而成，罐内增设浮顶可减少介质的挥发损耗，外部的拱顶又可以防止雨水、积雪及灰尘等进入罐内，保证罐内介质清洁。这种储罐主要用于储存轻质油，例如汽油、航空煤油等。目前国内的内浮顶有两种结构：一种是与浮顶储罐相同的钢制浮顶；另一种是拼装成型的铝合金浮顶。

通过查阅工具书及相关参考资料，了解贮罐，罐壁，罐顶，罐底和其他附件等各部件的结构和功能，并分析它们在各种载荷下的受力及各种应变，通过分步完成各部件的选材，设计计算和各种应力校核，最终完成一个公称容积为6000立方米的内浮顶贮罐的设计，指明贮罐在工业

应用中的注意事项并制定各种安全防护措施来保证贮罐的安全使用。本设计的主要特点是：本贮罐的罐顶形式采用内浮顶，容积为6000立方米，专题为内浮顶结构设计。

本设计文字资料完成文献综述一份，设计计算书一份，设计说明书一份，专题内浮顶的设计计算及相关说明书一份，设计中所查参考的参考文献记载一份，英文文献一份及英文文献的翻译一份。

本设计共完成A0号图纸一张，A1号图纸四张。包括6000立方米内浮顶油罐装配图一张，内浮顶油罐罐体图一张，内浮顶油罐罐底图一张，内浮顶油罐浮顶装配图一张，内浮顶油罐浮顶零件图一张。它们分别描绘了6000立方米贮液罐各个主要部件的组成与结构特点。

关键词：贮罐；浮顶；内浮顶；

Abstract

This design project is relation to the floating roof tank of 6000 cubic meters. Storage tank is a kind of sealed steel container used to storage liquid or gas. Main application is storage of petroleum and petrochemical industry products and other liquid chemical products. Steel storage tank is necessary for us to many aspects, for example petroleum, chemical, grain, food, fire, transportation, metallurgy, national defense and other industries, critical infrastructure, our economic life are relation to small and large steel storage tank , steel storage tank is currently the most common form of a reservoir. It is rarely affected by natural conditions and geographical constraints, and storage capacity can be flexibly determined.

Floating roof is the discoid structures which is covered above the oil surface, and with the oil lifted. Because there is the outer ring seal between the floating roof and tank wall, making floating roof and the oil surfaces have virtually no air space, thus greatly reducing the evaporation loss of oil and reduce oil pollution in the atmosphere, reducing the risk of fire. Floating roof tank is particularly suitable for the construction of large capacity storage tank, construction of large capacity storage tank can save steel consumption of unit capacity of soil storage and construction investment. However, because of the floating roof is exposed to the atmosphere, oil can be easily polluted by rain and snow, dust, so at most floating roof are used for the storage of crude oil, and less for the storage of oil products.

Internal floating roof storage tank is added dome on the internal floating roof tank, and additional floating roof can reduce the dielectric evaporation loss, outside of the dome roof can also prevent rain, snow and dust from entering the tank, ensure the oil of tank clean. This tank is mainly used for storage of light oil, such as gasoline, kerosene and so on. Currently, there are two internal floating roof structure: one is the floating roof steel the same with storage tank floating roof; the other is the shape of the aluminum floating roof assembly.

Through access to books and related reference materials, understanding of tank, tank walls, tank top and the bottom of the tank and other accessories, and other parts of the structure and function, and analyze them under various loads and various contingency force, through the sub- step to complete all parts of the selection, design and calculation and various stress check, the final completion of a nominal volume of 6000 cubic meters of inner floating roof tank design, storage tanks in industrial applications specified precautions and to develop a variety of security measures to ensure the safe use of tanks. The main features of this design are: the tank of tank top form with internal floating roof, the volume of 6000 cubic meters of topics as the internal floating roof structure design.

The design of written materials to complete a literature review, design