人教版高一英语必修一课文译文

• 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的， 而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约 在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么 像德语了。因为那时的英国的统治者起 初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居 者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇 方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的 词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年， 一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到 了19世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利 亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语了。 • 最后，到20世纪，英语才真正定形。 那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化： 首先，塞缪尔· 约翰逊编写了词典，后来， 诺厄· 韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》， 后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
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Using Language • Reading and writing Reading, listening and writing • 尊敬的编辑： 亲爱的王小姐： • 我是苏州高中的一名学生。我有 一个难题，我不太善于同人们交 我同班上的同学有件麻烦事。 际。虽然我的确试着去跟班上的 我跟我们班里的一位男同学一 同学交谈，但是我还是发现很难 直相处很好，我们常常一起做 跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时 家庭作业，而且很乐意相互帮 候我感到十分孤独。我确实想改 助。我们成了非常好的朋友。 变这种现状，但是我却不知道该 可是，其他同学却开始在背后 怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议， 议论起来，他们说我和这位男 我会非常感激的。 同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。 我不想中断这段友谊，但是我 又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该 怎么办呢？
•Leabharlann Baidu
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16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几 乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英 国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是，许多 别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往 任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说， 有的是作为第二语言或外语。 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽 相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子： 英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓（flat）里来看看， 好吗？” 美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓 （apartment）去。” 那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？事 实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言 都会有所发展，有所变化。首先，在公元450年 到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语 就很不一样.
• 亲爱的基蒂： • 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我 变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记 得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月 光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里， 这一切都变了。
• Sadly …I am only able to look at • ……令人伤心的是……我只能透过脏 nature through dirty curtains 兮兮的窗帘观看大自然，窗帘悬挂 hanging before very dusty windows. 在沾满灰尘的窗前，但观看这些已 It’s no pleasure looking through 经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必 these any longer because nature is 须亲身体验的。 one thing that really must be experienced.
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Anne’s Best Friend
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安妮最好的朋友
• Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. • • Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.
• Dear Kitty, • I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never • 比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点 have kept me spellbound. That’s changed 半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。 since I was here. 但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还 • For example, one evening when it was so 有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰 warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half 巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关 past eleven in order to have a good look at 窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风吹 the moon by my self. But as the moon gave 雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚…… far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…
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第二单元 世界上的英语
the Road to Modern English
At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. • 通向现代英语之路
• It was base more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to. English began to be spoken in both countries.
• 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的 朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲 笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮· 弗 兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她 就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。 安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿 姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他 们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国 纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后 才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实 朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像 大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把 这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋 友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就 躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。
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Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.