动词讲义
高考英语基础语法谓语动词的讲义
课程主题:谓语动词学习目标掌握谓语动词的基本用法。
结合高考真题及模拟题分析谓语动词的考点。
教学内容【知识梳理】考点一动词的时态动词各种时态的形式(以do为例) ,加粗的为课标要求掌握的十大时态,其余了解即可。
一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在do/does am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去did was/were doing had done had been doing将来will/shall do will/shall bedoingwill/shall havedonewill/shall have beendoing过去将来would/shoulddowould/should bedoingwould/shouldhave donewould/should havebeen doing一、一般现在时 (do/does)1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,常与表频率的时间状语连用;也可表示现时的情况或状态等。
例1 New year in Chinese people’s eyes means a family reunion. Every year _sees_(see) the largest annual mass migration on the planet when one sixth of the world’s population travels home to celebrate with their families.2.表示观事实、普遍真理,不受主句的时态限制。
例2 The geography teacher told his students that the earth _moves_ (move)around the sun.3.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
例3 My mother will be very angry with me when she _finds_ (find) out I’m lying.二、一般过去时(did)1.表示过去某个特定时间或某段时间内所发生的动作或存在的状态。
非谓语动词使用讲义
1。 不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别
不定式:出乎意料的结果
I woke up in the morning, to find the outside world greatly changed.
Please lend me a pen to write th。
②be+adj.+to do
The question is not easy to answer。
不定式与疑问代词连用时
School uniforms are not cool enough, so students don’t know what to expect.
To save time is to lengthen life. (不定式短语作主语)
You should continue to learn as long as you live。 要活到老学到老。(不定式短语作宾语)
She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings。 她晚上经常有很多会要开。(不定式短语作定语)
There be结构中不定式修饰主语时,主动式和被动式皆可。
如果不定式有逻辑主语,只用主动式.
There is nothing for me to do today。
4。只接不定式作宾语的动词:hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen
非谓语动词讲义
非谓语动词1.非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其他所有成分都可以做。
[思维导图]2.非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式,其次这种动词形式不能做谓语。
非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外,其他所有成分都可以做。
3.非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般式句子的主语。
4.(1)若提示词为动词,句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,就该填谓语动词,此时要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致,有时还需考虑虚拟语气。
(2)若提示词为动词,句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,就该填非谓语动词,就要确定是v.-ing形式,v.-ed形式,还是不定式。
一般来说,v.-ing 形式表示主动、进行;v.-ed形式表示被动、完成;不定式表示尚未发生的动作。
命题点一动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
不定式可以加宾语或状语构成不定式短语,它没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。
(一)不定式的用法1.作主语(1)不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是正确的。
(2)在“It is/was+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.”结构中,若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征,则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of,此时形容词常为kind, nice, foolish等词,且sb.与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系;若形容词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点,则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。
It is generous of him to contribute so much.他捐献了这么多真是太慷慨了。
It was important for us to live a low-carbon life.过一种低碳生活对我们来说很重要。
2.作宾语(1)下列动词只能用不定式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀:我们一致同意在校门口见面。
动词PPT讲义最新
动词的分类
连系动词 助动词 用 于 疑 问 句 和 否 定 句 中 情态动词 行为动词 实义动词 后 面 接 动 词 原 形
后 面 要 接 形 容 词
时 态 和 被 动 语 态
类
别
意
义
例
句
She has some bananas. 她吃些香蕉。 实义 动词 含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句 子中能独立作谓语。 I have a round face. 我有一张圆脸。 They eat a lot of potatoes. 他们常吃土豆。 I’m reading an English book now.
B: 根据实义动词动作发生过程的长短,分为延续性动词和非延续性动词(终 止性动词/瞬间动词)。 延续性动词
表示的动作是一种延续的动作,这种动作可延续下去或产生持久的影响。如:
learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live等 。
等。其用法为:
①常与段时间连用。例如:Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张先生在 这儿住了两年了。
He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。
②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。例如:Mary has worked at eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)
我现在正看一本英文书。
本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语, 必须和表语一起构成谓语。 His father is a teacher.他父亲是教师。 Twins usually look the same. 双胞胎通常看起来一样。 The teacher became very angry. 老师变得很生 气。
人教版英语八年级上册暑假班讲义+1动词
新初二暑假班讲义 1实义动词系动词be动词(am,is,are),感官动词(feel,look,smell,sound,taste,seem)+动原/形容词,“变得”词(get,become,turn,grow),“保持”(remain)。
情态动词助动词协助主要动词构成谓语的词叫助动词,也叫辅助动词。
被协助的动词称作主要动词。
助动词用来构成时态和语态。
最常用的助动词有:have/has, do/does/did 等。
考点二.七上到八上所有动词及词组分类(需要死记硬背.硬背.硬背)四个看see see sb doing sthlook look at注视;考察固定搭配,完型或语填watch watch TVread Read newspaper四个说speak speak Chinese;演讲give a speech(n.) say say sthtalk talk about(关于某事)/to(对某人)tell Tell(告诉;讲述) sb(not) to do sth四个花费spend(人)spend on sth spend (in )doing sth cost(物)cost sb some moneytake(物)It takes sb some money to do sthpay pay for(支付) pack back回报pay off付清四个变化turn颜色变化get天变黑.变长.变短become天气变暖.变冷grow形状变大或变小三个穿dress dress sb/dress sb upwear穿着He wears a coat today. put on He is putting on a coat.三个听hear听到sound听起来;n.声音listen listen to三个到达get get toreacharrive arrive in arrive atbe good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. be good with sb. be good for. be strict with sb. be strict in sth.be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth.+doing+to do+动原thank you for doing sth need sb. to do sth let sb do sth. what/how about doing sth help sb. to do sth make sb do sth practice doing sth want sb. to do sth Why not do. sth.?■■既可以remember/forget to do sth remember/forget doing sth (指动作尚未发生) (指动作已经发生)stop to do sth stop doing sth 停止手中事,去做另一件事停止正在做的事go on to do sth go on doing sth 接着做另外一件事接着做同一件事try to do sth try doing sth 设法,努力去做,尽力试试去做,看有何结果mean to do sth mean doing sth 打算做,企图做意识是,意味着can’t help to do sth can’t help doing sth 不能帮忙做忍不住要做give 短语give away赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,让掉give out 用完,耗尽,发出(声音),宣布,分发give off 释放,发出放出(烟.光.热等) give up 停止,放弃,自首give in 承认,投降,屈服;交上,呈上give back 归还,返还look短语look into 调查look after 照顾,照料,照管;注意,关心look out=be careful=take care留神,当心,注意,警惕,提防look up 查找,查阅, 查字典look through 快速浏览,翻阅,温习look at 朝..看;看待;考虑,研究look for 调查,研究;寻找look forward to sth(doing sth)期望,盼望look over把...看一遍,把...过目;察看,参观look around 环顾四周;转头看look like...看起来像...get 短语get away 移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离get down 下来,降下get in 进入,收获,达到get into... 进入...... get on 上车get off 下车get on / along with..进展,与...相处get out 离开,出去get over 克服,恢复,原谅get up 起床,起身have a good time=have a great time =have fun ( doing sth)ask sb. to do sth ask sb not to do sthenjoy doing sth like/love doing sth tell sb.to do sth.tell sb. (not) to do sth.be interested in doing sth decide to do sth.keep(on) doing sth.seem+(to be)+ adj.feel like doing sth.it’s adj. for sb. to do sth miss doing sth.plan to do sthmind doing sth.hope to do sthstand doing sth.happen to do sthplay a role in doing sth.expect to do sthlook forward to doing sth.try one’s best to do sthbe ready to do sthpromise to do sthagree to do sth.the way to do sth.invite sb. to do sthadvise sb. to do sth.advise sb (not) to do sth.get to 到达,抵达go短语go away 走开,离去go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去按go off 走开,熄灭,(闹钟)闹响go on 发生,进行,继续go over 复习,审阅,仔细检查go back 回去come 短语come across 偶然相遇come along 出现,随同,进展,加油come in 进来,进入come on 过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开come true 变为现实,成为事实come up with... 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上turn 短语.turn on 打开(灯,气,水,电器等)turn off 关掉(灯,气,水,电器等) turn up 把音量大,卷起,翻起,发生,出现,到达turn down 关小/调低(音量/热度),拒绝turn over 把......翻过来,翻动,犁翻(土地),细想turn in 上缴,归还turn into 变成turn out 结果是,生产turn right / left 向右/向左拐keep短语keep away from 避开,别靠近keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物keep...out 把......挡住,把......留在外面keep up with... = catch up with...跟上,赶上keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事keep... from doing 阻止....做,不让....做take短语take away 拿走,拿去,使离开take down 拿下,记下,记录take off (飞机)起飞,脱掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,开始流行/畅销take out 拿出,取出take over 继承,接管,接替take up 从事,开始,专注于,占去(时间.空间.地位等)take a message (to sb) (给某人)捎个口信take care of 照顾,照看take part in 参加take place 发生,出现,举行take pride in ...= be proud of...对......感到自豪put短语put on 穿上; put into 使进入;把...放进;在......上种植put up 提供;建造;举起;推举,提名;供给...住宿put together ..放在一起;组合;装配put out 熄灭;伸出;出版;使不方便,打扰put down 镇压;记下;贬低;制止put off 推迟;扔掉;阻止put away把......收起来1.--- Jane’s spoken English is pretty good.---- Yeah, she works hard and practices _________ (speak)it both in and out of class.2.----The weather report says it's going to have a shower this afternoon.-It does?We'd better____(leave)now,just in case.3.We are glad ________ (know)that traditional Chinese medicine can work wonders in preventing some diseases.4.You ______(be) from India. Brian _____(be) from Korea. And I _____ (be)from China.5.Peter____________English very well.(speak.say.tell.talk)6.Don‘t forget___________(bring)your clothes.7.Could you ask her____________(have)dinner with me?8.It‘s6:20.It‘s time___________(get)up now.9.Why not___________(come)to China?Good idea.10.Let me___________(help)you.11. -- How about____________(swim)this Sunday?-- No problem.12.Do you know her? I remember you ______ (tell)about her.13.My brother practices _________ (swim)e very Sunday.14.Jack, are you having a great time (swim)in the pool?15.They _____ a tent and made a fire to keep them warm .A put upB put onC put downD put off16.Food is good _______ our health,and my friend Lily is good ________ cooking(烹饪) nice food. A. at;for B. with;for C. for;at D. at;with 17.The baby is sleeping.Don’t the radio!A turn upB turn onC turn downD turn off 考点三.七上到八上动词时态(没错,就是重点中的重点) 练习:一.用动词的正确形式填空1. Tom always __________(get) up at seven in the morning .2. Lynn seldom ___________ (play) the guitar because she is good at ________ (dance)3. Listen ! Who is ___________ (sing) in the classroom ?4. The pen ____________ (look) nice .5. I usually ____________(play) sports at 4:306. She often _____________(go) shopping on the weekend .7. He is___________ (write) a letter now.8. I'm going to ______________(visit)my grandparents tomorrow.9. Janet ______________ (get) up at 7:30 a.m. every day, so she is always late for school. 10. We_______________ (go) a park last weekend.11.He______________(read) when the teacher comes in. 12.I am reading while he____________(wash) the clothes 13.He ________(visit) his aunt next week.14.There ________(be) more people in the future. 二.单项选择( )1. What _____ you _____ over the weekend? A. will; do B. does; do C. did; do D. were,; doing ( )2. Xiao Li usually _____ to school by bike last year.时态类别一般现在时 现在进行时 一般过去时 一般将来时概 念表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。
中考英语备课指导:英语专题讲义:动词(带答案)
中考英语专题讲义:动词(带答案)学科老师辅导讲义实义动词:有完整的词义,并能单独作谓语,实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
例如:表示能力,义务,必要,猜测等说话人的语气或情态。
情态动词只能和动词原形5. Computers __________solve many dif ficult problems quickly.6. It ________ be fantastic if more students join in2. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you __________ buy any mo re.C. needn'tA.6) be good at/ do well in doing sth.satisfying感到担心的A. not drinkingB. not drinkC.don't dri nkD. not to drinkC)clean D)B. doing二、英语书面表达专项训练2.今天手机在我们日常生活中已广泛使用。
但中学生在学校是否应该持有手机,一些学生和老师有不同的观点。
你们学校的校刊英文版正在就此举行征文活动,请根据下列表格提示的内容,用英语写一篇征文。
要求:1. 表达清楚,语法正确,上下文连贯;`2. 必须包含表格所给的提示信息,并作适当发挥;3. 词数:80-100词左右(征文的开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily lifetoday.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________【答案】Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily life today. With the development of economy, mobile phones are more and more widely used in our daily life. However, some parents and teachers have different ideas about whether the students should use mobile phones at school.Some students are for it. They think that it is convenient to contact with parents. Mobilephones will make them more interested in learning so that they can learn more quickly and easily. Some teachers are against it.They think that some students can't control themselves and often play games. What's worse, some students cheat in exams by using mobile phones. Besides, using mobile phones too much does great harm to students' eyes.In my opinion, I think it is helpful for students to use mobile phones in a right way. Firstly,students can learn more knowledge using mobile phones. At the same time, parents and teachers should do something to help students. Only in this way can mobile phones be of help to their studies.【解析】【详解】本篇写作需注意要求中所提供的要点,不可遗漏。
非谓语动词讲义
非谓语动词一.非谓语动词:动词的某种特殊形式,在句子中做除谓语外的其他成分。
分类:动词不定式,动名词,现在分词,过去分词。
二.动词不定式:构成:to do。
否定形式:not to do .发生。
eg: I plan to live a busy life in high school.She seems to be unhappy.The computer needs to be repaired.完成式:不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
eg: I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.The house seems to have been broken into.进行式:不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。
eg: She pretended to be reading when her mother came in.He happened to be searching my bag when I came in.2.句法功能:(1)做主语:To see is to believe. 眼见为实/百闻不如一见。
It is adj for/of sb to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事是It is impossible for me to live alone in Beijing.It is not easy to find your way around the town.(2)做宾语:afford, agree, aim, bear, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, remember, want, wish, promise, happeneg: She has determined to be a leader.注: 如果不定式做宾语,且后面有宾补时,把不定式后置,用it来做形式宾语。
be、助动词、情态动词讲义
be动词、助动词、情态动词讲解 (基础篇)1、be动词的用法。
英语中,be动词选用单数还是复数,要由主语来定,主语是单数,就用单数,反之用复数。
◆句中含有be动词时:肯定句:主语+be +其他否定句:主语+ be + not +其他一般疑问句: Be +主语+其他+?特殊疑问句:疑问词(what / who / when / where)+ be +主语+其他+?I am a teacher. You are right.She is 16 years old. My father is at home.The students are playing games. My teacher was ill yesterday.There is a picture on the wall.There are two books on the table.★ be动词用法歌:我用am,你用are,is 连接他她它。
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃;变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记;疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
★ be动词作谓语,它后面一般跟名词、形容词或介词短语。
她个子很高。
她在教室里。
她是一个高个子的女孩。
2、助动词的用法。
英语句子按正常语序是“什么人或事物” + “做什么”,即,我们常说的“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。
①主语为I 或复数名词、代词时:肯定句: I / We / They / The students +动词原形+其他+。
We watch TV every night.变否定:主语+ don’t +动词原形+其他+。
We don’t watch TV every night.一般疑问句 Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?Do you watch TV every night?Yes, we do. / No, we don’t.特殊疑问句:疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ?1How often do you watch TV?②主语为单数名词或代词时:肯定句:主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他 + 。
超实用高考英语3500单词词性分类记忆:动词讲义
超实用高考英语3500单词词性分类记忆:动词讲义距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
高考质量提升是一项系统工程,涉及到多个方面、各个维度,关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破,收到事半功倍的效果。
一、备考策略务必精准高三备考的不同阶段,目标和任务各不相同,就像打仗一样,攻克不同的山头有不同的打法,只有抓住要领,才能打赢主动仗。
一是细化“作战地图”。
从现在到一模考试前,主要任务是过课本、串教材,把基础知识再夯实,为专题复习奠定坚实基础。
各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题,把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”,平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题,并在“作战地图”上一一标注,确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。
二是组织集体攻坚。
发挥学科组集体备考的优势,学科组内任务分解、责任到人,每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。
动词讲义
第八章动词动词种类--------实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词实义动词--------能独立做谓语的动词,分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。
重点:及物动词与不及物动词的区别及物动词:可直接加宾语不及物动词:不能直接加宾语,后接宾语时需加介词系动词:后面必须跟表语,构成系表结构。
说明主语的状况、性质、特征等。
1、be动词(最常见)2.Be以外的系动词look、feel、taste、sound、smell 、become, grow, turn, go, get, come、keep, rest, remain, stay等助动词------助动词是“辅助性”动词,一般没有词义,不能单独作谓语,但可用来帮助构成谓语不能单独用协助主要动词完成以下功用:1. 表时态2.表语态3.构成疑问句4.与否定副词not连用,构成否定句5.加强语气(1)be (am, is, are, was, were, being, been)(2)have (has, had, having)与过去分词结合,构成完成时。
(3)助动词do (does, did) 后只能跟动词原形,与not及其他动词结合构成否定句,或置于主语之前构成疑问句。
(4)will (would)will能用于一般将来时的任何人称后;would是will的过去时,能用于过去将来时;两者后面都接动词原形。
情态动词情态动词在英文中是“辅助性”动词,用来表示说话人的语气、情绪或态度情态动词本身有词义,但词义不完全,不能单独用作谓语,没有人称和数的变化,且后面只跟动词原形。
1. can \ could can的过去式;语气更委婉Can 与be able toCan只能用于现在时,过去时(could)be able to用于各种时态2. may : might 为过去式;语气更委婉3.must : 表必须要做的事“必须,应该”must\ have to1. must 主观上的看法,说话人的命令,要求别人做某事2. must只有一种形式have to 有人称、时态、数的变化3. 否定结构中don’t have to 不必mustn’t 禁止4.need1) 表示“需要,必须”,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。
小升初英语语法讲义:动词(三)
学习目标:1. 了解实义动词形式的变化2. 了解主动语态和被动语态3. 掌握动词与to do,doing的固定搭配考点梳理:实义动词实义动词:含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句子中能独立作谓语。
一、实义动词的变化:(1) 规则动词变化表:双写。
②s/es的读音规则:在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音和元音后读[z];在[ s ]、[ f]、[z]、[tf]、[dv]后读[iz]。
③ed的读音规则:在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id]。
(2) 不规则动词变化表:( 原形→过去式→过去分词)二、主动语态和被动语态:(1) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态:主动句:主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他(动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者)被动句:主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人/ 物+ 其他(2) 被动语态的用法:①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。
如:A man was killed in the accident.一个人死于事故。
This window was broken yesterday. 这扇窗子是昨天被打破的。
②不说或众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。
如:Rice is also grown in this place.这个地方也种水稻。
A railroad will be built here in three years. 三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路。
③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。
如:It was written by Lu Xun.它(书)是鲁迅写的。
A pet dog is never killed by its owner. 宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的。
三、to do 与doing记住下面的固定搭配:Aask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事agree to do sth. 同意做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(sb.)be allowed to do sth. (某人)被允许做某事Bbe interested in doing sth. 热衷于做某事be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事=be afraid of doing sth.be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事Cconsider doing sth. 考虑做某事can't stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事Ddo one's best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力去做某事do well in doing sth. 在某方面做得好decide to do sth. 决定做某事Eenjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事Fforget to do sth. 忘记去做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过的事【比较】He forgot to turn off the light. 他忘了关灯。
英语语法讲义-动词
wear out 穿破,用坏. think over 深思熟虑 turn…into 把…变为 keep back 阻止 think of 想到 wait on 服侍 wait far of 听说 look up 查找 go over 复习 put on 穿上 look for 寻找 keep up with 跟上
Our teacher is not with us.
He is away.
10
动词的种类
3). 助动词: 一般没有词义, 不能单独作谓语, 可 与主要动词构成各种时态、语态和语气等动词 形式,帮助主要动词构成疑问式和否定式。常 用助动词:be, do, have, shall, will, should, would等。
go to the airport to _D__ him ___.
A. put …off
B. drive…off
C. set…off
D. see…off
18
四.练习
4).I wondered what had happened to her. I haven`t _B_
her for a long time.
Those foreigners don`t speak Chinese. What time do you want to come to our factory.
11
动词的种类
He is getting up now. This kind of computer is made in China. 4).情态动词: 表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,认为“
3
动词的种类
同一动词使用场合不同,有时用作及物动词,有 时用作不及物动词,有时词义不变,有时词义有 变化.
第10讲 情态动词(讲义)(原卷版)
第10讲情态动词目录01 考情透视.目标导航 (1)02 知识导图.思维引航 (3)03 考点突破.考法探究 (3)考点一情态动词的基本用法知识点1 情态动词的基本含义和用法 (4)知识点2 情态动词+have done的用法 (7)考点二虚拟语气知识点1 if条件句的虚拟语气用法 (8)知识点2 (should)+动词原形的虚拟语气 (8)知识点3 虚拟语气特殊句式 (9)04真题练习·命题洞现1.真题实战 (10)2.命题演练 (10)考点一情态动词的基本用法知识点1 情态动词的基本含义和用法情态动词:本身具有一定的意义,用于表达说话人的情感态度、语气或主观设想。
情态动词不能独立作谓语,必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词在特殊语境具有特殊含义(如:must“非得;偏要”,should“竟然”,shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等)是高考的热点和难点。
常见情态动词的基本用法是高考考查的重点。
必须根据具体语境判断使用相应的情态动词。
类别:1. 只作情态动词,如may, might, must, can等。
2. 既作情态动词又作实义动词,如need, dare。
3. 具有情态动词特征的动词词组,如have(had, has) to, used to, ought to。
4. 可做情态动词又可作助动词,如shall(should), will(would)。
一can/could的用法1.表示能力,could表示过去的能力。
That’s when APL can make a difference.(2021年上海卷听力)这就是APL能够发挥作用的时候。
How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久?2.表示可能(理论上或是逻辑上)。
He can't/couldn't have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足够的钱买一辆新车。
动词(281-310)讲义—高考英语考前必背同义表达
动词(281-310)讲义—高考英语考前必背同义表达
高中学习与考试中常见、常用、常考的阅读、完形、书面表达中的同义词、近义词、同义异构之动词短语
续表
说明:
这些表格,只是一个纲目,具体发散的内容,看各位的内功了。
希望以此为纲,由点到线到面,慢慢织成一张词汇网
注意有些词在具体语境中的细微差别,讲解时你需要学生注意的地方可以提醒学生在“备注”一栏补充说明(如重点词块、语用区别等)
这一系列有:
名词、动词、形容词、副词、连词等等,考拉会陆续更新。
关于动词这部分的备注,有很多可能的形式,比如:
可以提醒学生记录一些常见的动名搭配、动副搭配、动介搭配
可以记录特殊用法
可以补充词形变换等等
建议根据学生程度和接受能力进行拓展,如果基础比较一般,那么不要引申太多内容,以免增加记忆负担;如果学生程度很好,建议适当扩容,保证能“吃得饱,饿不着”。
记忆是第一步,操练是第二步。
练习形式也很多,可以小语段精读、组词造句、猜词、英汉互译、微写作等等等等。
英语中实义动词
英语实义动词语法讲义I.主要常用不及物的动词。
不及物动词后面不能跟宾语。
只能用以:"主+谓"结构。
agreedisagreequarrelshoutcrylaughobjectsightalkbargainmatterworkstrugglefightgraduatesucceeddielistenlookstareglan cehurryachefevercoughappearbelongcaredependlonghappenoccurexplodepauseresultsnowrain gocomefallarrivesaildiveflowswimtravelwalkskatejumprisesitstaystep waitremainsleeprestheadexistlivedanceII.延续动词与瞬间动词表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成,瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
1)2)答案答案主要常用瞬间动词arrive,borrow,buy,close,fall,finish,go,join,kill,hit,leave,lend,die,marry,open,reach,return,start,stop,recognizeseethrow III.主要及物动词。
及物动词后面必须跟宾语,可以用于:"主+谓+宾";"主+谓+双宾"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构. acceptreceiveearngainlosemisspackfoldloadachieveadmitafforddeclareannouncereviewbroadcastdescribediscussdoubtsu pposecorrectmastermentioninferrepeatspellpractiseremindattemptattractinvitebookbitebakefrymilkwaterpourfilllockfaste nbrushcombtidymineburydigremoveploughplantgrowcovercutcelebrateliberatebasechangebuildpumpdustcleansweepclos etearcompletefinishcontainincludedamagedestroyruinwiperepairmendfixdelivercarryshipcrossblocktieparkpulllinelistfigh tstruggledefeatdefendprotecteducatetraintestdecideplandesigninventexaminetestexperiencetrainintroducefollowformperfo rmfoundhitholdincreasereducediscoverstealattackwoundkillmurderstarvekisstreatcuredesertthrowkickdevotetrustloveadmirehonourrespectvaluedesireenjoycomfortcalmpitytrustsupporthatedislikegreetwelcomethankdisturbfoolservesentencepun ishmonitorownplatepricepublishprinttypeprepareputplacelayraiseliftreachheatwarmruleobeypraisescoldblamesavewastes coremarksortstorespenduniteconnectlimitwatchtouchpressvisitwaveweartimeusetotal answerborrowbringbuychargecosthandenvyfetchnamepresentpostofferowequestionshowsupplyprovide astonishdisappointfrighteninterestsatisfyseatshocksurprisetire bearcatchhavekeepmakemeangivepicktakesend considerknowhopeimaginefindproverealizerecognizerequestrequiresaytellsensesuggestunderstandwarnstatethink adviceallowaskcheckdirectemployexpectforbidforceforgiveguidehireexcuseneednoticeletlikepersuadepermitpromisewa ntwishIV.V.V.。
七年级英语动词学习讲义和练习题(含答案解析)
七年级英语动词学习讲义和练习题【连系动词】定义:连系动词本身有词义,但不完整,不单独作谓语,后常跟表语,说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。
分类:口诀:五感官,四变化,三保持,二似乎,一是be1.感官系动词:look(看起来),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(感觉像是)e.g. The hamburger smells good. 这个汉堡包闻起来很香。
e.g. That sounds good. 那听起来不错。
2.表示“变化”e.g. As soon as English children watched the Monkey King, they became interested in the cartoon.e.g. You shouldn’t go across the road until the light turns green.e.g. Do you get ready for the exam?e.g. The milk smells terrible; it must go bad.3.表示“保持”e.g. The best way to keep healthy is through exercise.e.g. You have the right to stay silent.4.表示“似乎;好像”e.g. You seem surprised at what he said. 你对他说的话似乎感到意外。
e.g. He looks to be a totally normal person. 他看起来完全是个正常人。
5.be 动词be 动词常翻译成“是”,相当于数学中的“等号”;其可作助动词,有人称、时态和数的变化。
口诀:我用am,你用are,is连着他、她、它;单数名词用is,复数名词都用are;疑问句,往前提,句末问号别忘记;变否定,也容易,be 后加not莫迟疑。
系动词语法讲义
系动词语法讲义第一节什么是系动词一般来讲,动词是句子中的核心。
从这个角度讲,动词有两大类:行为动词和连系动词。
一个句子中,主要强调谓语,这个谓语的动词有独立性,这个动词称为行为动词。
如:Zilu studies hard.子路学习刻苦。
这里的"studies"表示“学习〃这个行为。
I have a big TV我有一个大电视。
在这里,"have"表示一个状态。
在这些句子中,都是为强调〃学习〃和“有〃的。
一个句子中,主要强调主语,而且表示这个主语的状态、特性等的动词必须跟它后面的表语一同对主语起说明表示作用,这个动词称为〃连系动词〃,即连系主语和表语,并与表语一同构成一个大的谓语。
女山You look excited.你看起来很兴奋。
在这个句子中,重点并不是"look",而是主语"You"它的状态,而且look作为"看起来〃的意思,它没有明确的意思,无法独立表达某种意思。
在这种情况下,它必须与后面的"excited"—同来说明主语"You"的状态。
The flowers smell very wseet.这花闻起来很香。
在这里,并不是强调“smell (闻)〃是什么样的,而是强调"flowers (花)〃是香还是不香。
The apple tastes fine.这个苹果吃起来味道很好。
在这里,并不是强调"taste (吃)〃怎么样,所以不用“eat〃,而是强调主语(苹果)味道好吃或不好吃。
系动词本身难以独立表达一种含义。
比如,我们以前还学习过最常用的系动词b巳看它用起来是不是这样道理呢?如:Li Ming is very happpy.李明很高兴。
在这里,"be (是)〃不是句子的重点,句子的重点是"(李明)〃现在的情绪如何。
“be (是)〃而且完全没有实际意义,它必须与后面的"happy"才能说明问题。
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动词
一.动词的分类一般根据动词的句法功能将其分类
二.实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可以分为及物动词和不及物
1.及物动词及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整
想想下列句子的句式结构
I like this book very much.______________________
We call the bird Polly.__________________________
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.___________________________
Pass me the salt.______________________
要点注意:①带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补得动词有:make,let,have,see,watch,notice,hear,hear
②常见带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell,write,read,return
2.不及物动词不及物动词本身意思完整,无需再接宾语\
Horses run fast.
They work in a factory.
①有些动词既可以作及物动词,又可以作不及物动词
We study English. We should study hard.
Boys fly kites. Birds can fly.
②有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成短语动词,它的作用等于一个及物动词
a>动词+介词
Look at the blackboard. Listen to me carefully.
注意:词类动词后面的宾语无论是否是代词都只能放在介词的后面
b>动词+副词
He turned off the light when he left. He picked it up and give it to me.
注意:代词作宾语时必须放在动词与副词之间,当宾语是名词时则放在副词前后皆可
c>动词+副词+介词
Let’s go on with the work. He gets along well with his classmates.
d>动词+名词+介词
He takes pride in doing a job well. Please pay attention to the phrases in the article. We can make good use of air.
注意:词类词组的名词前面可以加形容词作定语。
e>be+形容词+介词
We are proud of being Chinese. She is satisfied with what I said.
3.延续性动词和非延续性动词
①延续性动词表示动作是可持续的,如live stay study work keep teach等可以和表示一段时间的状语连用
We have lived in China since 2001. You can keep the book for two weeks.
②.非延续性动词表示瞬间动作,动作一经发生便立即结束,如buy lend borrow die
Begin stop finish arrive jion go come等,非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如果要和一段时间连用的话,就必须换用相应的词
He has been here for five years.(这里不能用has arrived here)
The film has been on for ten minutes.(这里不能用has begun)
三.系动词
四.助动词
助动词本身无意义或意义不完整,不能单独用作谓语。
它必须和别的动词连用,帮助构成各种时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构。
常用的助动词有be have do will shall 等
1.助动词be的用法
①be+现在分词构成进行时态
The boss is interviewing some new comers. My little child is reading to her pet.
Jenny was studying in Janpan last year.
②be+及物动词的过去分词构成被动语态
All the projects were completed before last July. The story is said to be very instructive. All the winers will be given a special prize.
2.do 助动词do主要用来构成否定句、疑问句、或对谓语动词进行强调
①构成否定句、疑问句
Do you know Janpan well? Don’t you understand what I am explaining
I don’t like being laughed at. Monica doesn’t live here;she lives neat door.
②构成强调句“助动词do + 动词原形”可以构成强调句
Cheer does like teddy bears. I did phoned you last night,but no one was in.
Do be careful while crossing the busy streets.
3.have
①构成完成时态助动词have与过去分词构成各种完成时态。
You haven’t been abroad before,have you ? We hadn’t walked far when we lost our way.
②构成分词的完成时
Having lived in London for years, I know every place of the city very well.
③.构成虚拟语气在表示对过去的虚拟时,if从句中用had done结构,主句中用would/could/might have done
If they had had time yesterday,they would certainly have come and help us.
五.情态动词。