2013年MBA联考英语考试大纲全解(二)——学苑教育
2013MBA联考英语试卷(附答案)_2
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语（二）真题试卷Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1In an essay entitled ―Making It in America‖ the author Adam Davison relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, ―a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machine or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average is just wo n’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genins. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra – their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, ― In the 10 years ending in 2009, factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs – about 6 millions in total – disappeared.‖There will always be change – new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution , the beat jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to buttress employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate .A. the impact of technological advancesB. the alleviation of jobs pressureC. the shrinkages of textile millsD. the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a success employer, one has to .A. adopt an average lifestyleB. work on cheap softwareC. contribute something uniqueD. ask for a moderate salary23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that .A. gains of technology have been erasedB. job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC. factories are making much less money than beforeD. new jobs and services have been offered.24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is .A. to accelerate the I.T. revolutionB. to ensure more education for peopleC. to advance economic globalizationD. to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A. Technology Goes CheapB．New Law Takes EffectC. Recession Is BadD. Average Is Over参考答案：ACBBDText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came, those who had no intengtion to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname,‖ uccelli dipassaggio,‖ birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and particle physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26.‖Birds of passage‖refers to those who_____.[A]find permanent jobs overseas[B]leave their home countries for food[C]immigrate across the Atlantic[D]stay in a foreign country temporarily27.It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US_____.[A]needs new immigrant categories[B]has loosened control over immigrants[C]should be adapted to meet challenges[D]has been fixed via political means28.According to the author, today`s birds of passage want______.[A]financial incentives[B]a global recognition[C]opportunities to get regular jobs[D]the freedom to stay and leave29.The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated______.[A]as faithful partners[B]with legal tolerance[C]with economic favors[D]as mighty rivals30.The most appropriate title for this text would be_____.[A]Come and Go:Big Mistake[B]Living and Thriving:Great Risk[C]Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake[D]With or Without:Great Risk参考答案：DCDBCText 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to access other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is social, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t excusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to customer products or housing options when we see a happy face ( one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases – or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly ―thin slice‖ information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in ―thick sliced‖long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by passing is what differentiates us from animals: the dogs can thinks about future only intermittently or for a few minutes . but historically we have spent about 12 percent our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we changed our nature. We will have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may .A. vary according to the urgency of the situationB. prove the complexity of our brain reactionC. depend on the importance of assessmentD. predetermine the accuracy of out judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions .A. can be associativeB. are not unconsciousC. can be dangerousD. are not impulse33. To reverse the negative effects of snap decisions, we should .A. trust our first impressionB. do as people usually doC. think before we actD. ask for expert advices34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on .A. critical assessmentB. ―thin sliced‖ studyC. sensible explanationD. adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is .A. tolerantB. uncertainC. optimisticD. doubtful参考答案：DACDCText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60%. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40% female board membership. The Forte foundation in America has now flowed suit with its own list of ―board-ready women.‖ But Reding’s appeal in Europe was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?―Personally, I don’t like quotas,‖ Reding said recently. ―But I like what the quotas do.‖ Quotas get action: they ―open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,‖ according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reticence --- and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, governance by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions --- no matter how much ―soft pressure‖ is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power --- as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook --- they garner massiver attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.Of appropriate public policies were in place to help all women --- whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers --- and all families, Sandberg would e no more newswarthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally _______.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senor management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is _______.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ________.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward REding’s appeal is one of _______.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of _____.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater ―soft pressure ‖36. 细节题：选B，要含有男性的这个对象，男性主导37. 细节题：选B，选择有陷阱的，干扰项C。
13年MBAMPAMPCC管理学联考单词记忆(大纲全)
cap capable capacity capital capitalism captain captive capture car carbon card care career careful cargo carpenter carpet carriage carrier carrot carry cart cartoon carve case cash cashier cassette cast castle casual casualty cat catalog catch category cater cathedral Catholic cattle cause caution cautious
August aunt Australia Australian author authority auto automatic automation automobile autonomy autumn auxiliary avail available avenue average avert aviation avoid avoidable await awake award aware away awful awkward axe axis baby bachelor back background backward bacon bacterium bad badly badminton bag baggage bail
answer ant anticipate anxiety anxious any anybody anyhow anyone anything anyway anywhere apart apartment apologize apology apparatus apparent appeal appearance appendix appetite applaud applause apple appliance applicable application applied apply appointment appraisal appreciate apprehension approach appropriate approval approve approximate approximately April apt Arabian
2013年MBA英语真题及答案解析
[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析
[选项分析]根据only知道，空格处所填单词词义应与前一句的”revolutionize”(变革)发生同义替换，因此ABCD四个选项中只有D.reverse (颠覆)符合。A. reward奖赏B. resist抵抗C. resume重新开始，继续。
9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print
10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down
11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when
12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
5. [标准答案] [C]
[考点分析]上下文语义及形容词词义辨析
[选项分析]根据上文得知，早在1975年就预测了无现金社会可能即将到来，而作者谈到实际上“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，因此这种无现金社会只可能缓慢到来，故答案选择C。A. silent沉寂的，B. sudden突然的，D. steady平稳的。
13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though
14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease
考试大纲深度解析及英语真题试题命题来源揭秘
2013年MBA考试大纲英语真题试题命题来源揭秘2012年考研英语题目来源分析：/thread-9240-1-1.html 2008年-2013年MBA历年考试真题(综合能力及英语(二)真题和答案) 下载：/thread-9236-1-1.html《TheEconomist》（经济学人）对付考研阅读和翻译为何重要原因：1.从2001年到2012年考研英语真题中，前几名分别是《经济学人》（the Economist）20篇；新闻周刊（Newsweek）6篇；纽约时报（NY times） 4篇；时代周刊（Time）3篇。
从中看出选自《经济学人》(The Economist)的文章超过另外三本英文杂志的总和。
2.并且这本杂志非常具有代表性，文章的谴词造句、行文逻辑非常适合大家阅读，值得大家学习参考，对提高你们的阅读和翻译能力绝对有帮助！3.另外，还有重要一点就是，主要以10月份之前为主，因为10月份考题基本已定稿，考研英语阅读和翻译一般来自《经济学人》杂志上这两个栏目：“Science & Technology”和“Reader”。
4.看《经济学人》绝不仅仅只是为了考研或者学习英语。
作为全球报刊杂志的旗舰，《经济学人》文章所提供的观点与视野也非一般刊物可以比拟，阅读这本刊物从中必可获益良多。
5. 要想提高考研英语的基础，阅读《经济学人》是一个很不错的途径。
阅读经济学人需要精读和泛读相结合，泛读是为了获取信息，精读是为了学习一些比较地道的比较方式。
从而全面的提高自己的英语基础。
从历年考研英语(二)的真题总结得出，考研英语(二)最集中的题源来自：The Economist《经济学人》、《经济学家》Newsweek《新闻周刊》、Time《时代周刊》、The New York Times《纽约时报》4份期刊杂志。
不建议看英国FT=Financial Times<金融时报>，因为FT比较符合英国人的标准，考研英语也从来没从这里出来过！其实就《经济学家》这一本杂志就足够了~~~~从2楼开始发，以<经济学家><新闻周刊>为主2013年MBA考试大纲考试性质2013年MBA考试大纲英语（二）考试主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
(完整word版)2013 MBA英语二真题及答案详解
2013 MBA英语二真题及答案详解Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over[C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call forSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,”a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog i s there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes,”In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[B] to ensure more education for people[C] ro advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage”refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] fiancial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 选出最适合文章的标题[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carrytoo long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced”long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Alt hough technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. Toreverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions,and Europe,s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed,women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent.This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,”Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.”Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,”according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ”is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According ti Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is evervthing[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has ?60 a week to spend, ?40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ?130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42____________________________________________________________This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in handy. With them,there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43_________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44___________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers,delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, Theyil let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every fewmonths treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ?1.75 a week for three months gives you ?21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch atMichelin-starred Arbutus. It's ?16.95 there - or ?12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s hard er for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acture or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hosptibal the day before. I alsoway.47 Writingsuppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and2)encourage them to participate 100 words use LiMing.Don't write your address.48 Write an essay based on the following chart in your writing, you should(1)interpret the chart ,and(2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words.1．【答案】A（However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
2013年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本篇文章是一篇议论文。
阐述了当代社会电子支付方式已日益成为人们生活中不可或缺的生活方式之一。
由此引发的问题是我们是否会迎来一个无现金社会(社会中不存在现金交易，电子支付方式完全将其取代)。
作者认为这样的无现金社会还需很长时间才可实现。
因为虽然电子支付方式相较于现金支付方式有很多优势，但仍存在一定的安全隐患，比如可能泄漏用户信息，不能保障用户的隐私安全等。
试题解析Given the advantages of electronic money,you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.__1__a true cashless society is probably not around the corner.Indeed, predictions have been__2__for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example,Business Weekpredicted in1975that electronic means of payment would soon“revolutionize the very__3__of money itself，”only to __4__itself several years later.Why has the movement to a cashless society been so__5__in coming?【译文】鉴于电子化付款方式的优势，你或许会认为，我们将很快进入一个无现金社会，所有的交易都由电子支付方式完成。
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2013年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文主要分析了无现金社会为何迟迟不来的原因。
第一段是文章的中心段落，指出真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来。
第二、三段从电子支付设备昂贵、纸质支票提供收据、使用纸质支票能获得浮存利息以及电子支付方式存在的安全隐私问题四个方面分析纸币系统得以继续存在的理由。
二、试题解析1．【答案】A （However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入无现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
”而空后说“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，两者之前出现了明显的转折关系，因此答案A。
B. moreover 表递进C.therefore 表结果D. Otherwise 表对比2．【答案】D （around）【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是转折关系。
事实上,这样的预测已经二十年了,但迄今还没有实现。
A. off 停止; B. back 返回; C. over 结束，与后文均不构成转折，故答案选 D. around 出现。
3．【答案】B （concept）【解析】空格所在的句子意思为例如, 1975 年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将“彻底改变货币本身的____”将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A“力量”,C“历史”,D“角色”，语义都不恰当，并且如果选择role 的话，应该是复数roles, 因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。
4．【答案】D （reverse）【解析】空格填入的动词跟前面的动词revolutionize （变革）意思上应该是同义替换的，要选择含有变革，彻底改变意思的词汇，四个选项中 A. reward 奖励 B. 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续，都不合适，只有 D 选项reverse“颠覆”最为贴切，本句译为“电子支付方式不久将改变货币的定义,并将在数年后颠覆货币本身。
考研mba英语二高教版
考研mba英语二高教版一、考研MBA英语二简介考研MBA英语二（简称英语二）是中国大陆地区MBA（Master of Business Administration）研究生入学考试中的一门科目。
英语二旨在测试考生的英语应用能力，包括听、说、读、写四个方面。
英语二的成绩对于MBA 申请者的录取和奖学金评定具有重要意义。
因此，备考英语二至关重要。
二、英语二考试大纲要求1.听力：大纲要求考生能听懂英语广播、电视、电影等素材中的英语口语表达，并能准确理解其意义。
2.口语：要求考生具备一定的英语口头表达能力，能够清晰、准确地表达自己的观点和需求。
3.阅读：大纲要求考生具备较强的英语阅读能力，能迅速理解文章主旨和细节。
4.写作：考生需要具备良好的英语书面表达能力，能够撰写各类商务信函、报告和论文等。
三、英语二备考策略1.制定学习计划：根据自己的英语水平和时间安排，合理分配学习时间，确保各个部分都得到充分练习。
2.夯实基础知识：重视语法、词汇和句型结构的学习，为提高英语应用能力打下坚实基础。
3.模拟实战：通过模拟考试，了解自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行提高。
4.注重练习：多做真题和模拟题，熟悉考试题型和考试节奏。
四、提高英语二成绩的方法1.提高词汇量：每天学习一定数量的英语单词，积累词汇资源。
2.加强阅读训练：多读英文文章，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
3.锻炼听力能力：多听英语广播、音频、视频等素材，提高听力水平。
4.注重口语练习：和朋友、家人或老师用英语交流，提高口语表达能力。
5.提升写作技巧：多写英语作文，向老师请教，不断提高写作水平。
五、总结考研MBA英语二对考生的英语应用能力有较高要求。
要想取得好成绩，需要扎实的英语基础、科学的备考策略和持续的练习。
希望以上内容能为您的备考提供有益帮助，祝您考试顺利！。
2013考研英语二大纲
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲(非英语专业)(2013年版)I. 考试性质英语(二)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II. 考试形式和试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和答题卡。
答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。
考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将英译汉和写作部分的答案按要求写在答题卡2上。
(二)试卷结构试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用主要考查考生对英语知识点的综合运用能力。
共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
第二部分阅读理解主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
A节(20小题)本部分为多项选择题。
共四篇文章，总长度为1 500词左右。
要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。
考生需要在每小题所提供的选项(A、B、C、D)中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。
每篇文章设5题，共20题。
每小题2分，共40分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
B节(5小题)本部分有两种备选题型。
每次考试从这两种题型中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。
本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
备选题型包括：1)多项对应本部分为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。
2013MBA年英语二考试大纲
2013年英语二考试大纲全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲(非英语专业)(2013年版)I. 考试性质英语(二)考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II. 考试形式和试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和答题卡。
答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。
考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将英译汉和写作部分的答案按要求写在答题卡2上。
(二)试卷结构试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用主要考查考生对英语知识点的综合运用能力。
共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
第二部分阅读理解主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
A节(20小题)本部分为多项选择题。
共四篇文章，总长度为1 500词左右。
要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。
考生需要在每小题所提供的选项(A、B、C、D)中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。
每篇文章设5题，共20题。
每小题2分，共40分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
B节(5小题)本部分有两种备选题型。
每次考试从这两种题型中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。
本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
备选题型包括：1)多项对应本部分为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。
2013text2英语二
2013text2英语二摘要：一、引言二、2013年英语二考试概述三、考试各部分内容分析1.阅读理解2.完形填空3.翻译4.写作四、考试难度及特点五、应对策略六、总结正文：一、引言2013年的英语二考试对于许多考生来说是极具挑战性的。
本篇文章将针对这一年的英语二考试进行详细的分析，并提供一些应对策略，希望能对考生有所帮助。
二、2013年英语二考试概述2013年的英语二考试继续遵循着我国高考改革的方向，注重考查考生的实际英语运用能力。
整张试卷的结构和题型设置与往年大致相同，分为阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作四个部分。
三、考试各部分内容分析1.阅读理解2013年英语二阅读理解部分共有20个小题，涉及各种题型，如细节题、推断题、主旨题等。
文章内容丰富，涉及文化、科技、社会等多个领域，要求考生具备一定的词汇量和阅读理解能力。
2.完形填空完形填空部分共有20个小题，要求考生在理解文章的基础上，从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
2013年的完形填空文章主题多样，考生需要通过上下文推断出最佳选项。
3.翻译翻译部分共有10个小题，要求考生将中文句子翻译成英文或英文句子翻译成中文。
题目涉及日常生活、文化、社会等多个方面，要求考生具备较强的英汉互译能力。
4.写作2013年英语二写作部分要求考生根据所给的图画材料写一篇150词左右的短文。
题目具有一定的开放性，要求考生能运用一定的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力进行创作。
四、考试难度及特点整体来说，2013年英语二考试难度适中，但题目设置较为灵活，考查考生的实际英语运用能力。
考生需要在备考过程中注重提高自己的阅读理解、英汉互译和写作能力。
五、应对策略针对2013年英语二考试的特点，考生在备考过程中应注重以下几点：1.提高词汇量，扩大阅读范围，增强阅读理解能力；2.多做翻译练习，提高自己的英汉互译能力；3.积累写作素材，提高自己的写作能力；4.注重实际英语运用能力的提高，而不仅仅是应试技巧。
2013英语二
2013英语二
2013年英语二考试
2013年英语二考试主要分为听力、阅读理解、完形填空
和写作四个部分。
以下是对这四个部分的详细介绍。
听力部分
英语二听力部分共分为四个部分，考查听力理解和应对
能力。
这四个部分包括图片理解、问答、对话理解和短文理解。
每个部分都需要考生根据所听内容回答问题。
听力部分涵盖了日常生活中的各种场景，如购物、旅行、工作等。
考生需要注意听力细节，并准确理解对话和短文的主旨意思。
阅读理解部分
英语二阅读理解部分共有三篇阅读材料，每篇材料后面
有五个问题。
考生需要仔细阅读材料，并根据问题选择正确的答案。
阅读材料包括新闻报道、广告、公告、访谈等。
阅读理解部分考查考生的阅读理解和推理能力。
完形填空部分
英语二完形填空部分共有两篇短文，每篇短文并列五个
问题。
考生需要阅读短文，并选择合适的词语填入空白处，使短文完整。
短文内容详细描述了一个具体的情境，考生需要根据上下文和自己的语言感觉来选词填空。
写作部分
英语二写作部分要求考生根据所给的提示，自选一个题
目并写一篇150-200字的短文。
考生需要注意写作时的语言组织和逻辑性，文章内容要连贯、准确，语法和拼写也要正确无
误。
总结
2013年英语二考试主要考查考生的听力理解、阅读理解、语法和写作能力。
考生应充分准备各个部分的题型，多进行模拟考试和练习。
熟悉考试形式和内容，提高自己的英语水平和应对能力，才能取得好的成绩。
2013_MBA英语二真题与答案详细讲解
2013 MBA英语二真题及答案详解Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper,several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over[C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America”, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill only two employees today,”a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog i s there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle ,But ,today ,average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra-their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. AsDavidson notes,”In the 10 years ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs-about 6 million in total -disappeared.There will always be changed-new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to poet-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_______[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to______[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that ______[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_____[A] to accelerate the I.T. revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] ro advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds ofpassage.T oday, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to twonations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage”refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] fiancial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 选出最适合文章的标题[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. T o accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced”long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a muck longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: doge canthink about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technol ogy might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may____.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snao decisions____.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. Toreverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should____.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reaction are based on____.[A] critical assessment[B]‘‘thin sliced ’’study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is____.[A] tolerant[B] uncertain[C] optimistic[D] doubtfulText 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions,and Europe,s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed,women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent.This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,”Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.”Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,”according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure ”is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According ti Reding, quotas may help women ______.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism[B] objectiveness[C] indifference[D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is evervthing[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, T ony has ?60 a week to spend, ?40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning ?130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._____________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, makingshopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42____________________________________________________________This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43_________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked orjuiced.44___________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, Theyil let you have for free.45__________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every fewmonths treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - ?1.75 a week for three months gives you ?21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch atMichelin-starred Arbutus. It's ?16.95 there - or ?12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s hard er for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acture or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hosptibal the day before. I also remember that the musical paly Hamopened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.47 Writingsuppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. write your classmates an email to1) inform them about the details and2)encourage them to participate 100 words use LiMing.Don't write your address.48 Write an essay based on the following chart in your writing, you should(1)interpret the chart ,and(2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words.1．【答案】A（However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
2013MBA联考英语真题
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语（二）真题试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. __1__, a true society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such society have been __2___for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon “revolutionize the very ___3__of money itself,” only to___4___ itself several years later. Why has the movements to a cashless society been so ___5___ in coming?Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work ____6___the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the __8__ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantages that they ___9___receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ____10____. Third , the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of “float”—it takes several days __11____a check is cashed and funds are _12____from the issuer’s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13____ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may __14___ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there.The fact that this is not an _16____occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and __17__ from someone else’s accounts. The ___18__of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science is developing to ____19__security issues. A further electronic means of payments leaves an electronic ____20__ that contains a large number of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1.【A】However .【B】moreover .【C】Therefore . 【D】Otherwise2.【A】Around 【B】back .【C】over 【D】off3.【A】power 【B】concept . 【C】history 【D】role4.【A】reword .【B】resist .【C】resume 【D】reverse5.【A】silent 【B】sudden .【C】slow 【D】steady6.【A】for 【B】against. 【C】with 【D】on7.【A】expensive 【B】imaginative . 【C】sensitive 【D】productive8.【A】dominant 【B】original . 【C】temporary 【D】similar9.【A】collect 【B】provide . 【C】copy 【D】print10.【A】give up 【B】take over . 【C】bring back 【D】pass down11.【A】when 【B】after . 【C】since 【D】before12.【A】kept 【B】borrowed . 【C】withdraw 【D】released13.【A】unless 【B】because . 【C】until 【D】though14.【A】hide 【B】express . 【C】raise 【D】ease15.【A】analyzed 【B】shared . 【C】displayed 【D】stored16.【A】unsafe 【B】unnatural. 【C】unclear 【D】uncommon17.【A】choose 【B】steal . 【C】benefit 【D】return18.【A】consideration 【B】manipulation 【C】prevention 【D】justification19. 【A】call for 【B】fight against 【C】adapt to 【D】cope with20. 【A】chunk 【B】chip 【C】trail 【D】pathSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1In an essay entitled “Making It in America” the author Adam Davison relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machine or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average is just wo n’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap geni u s. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra– their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “ In the 10 years ending in 2009, factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs– about 6 millions in total – disappeared.”There will always be change– new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to buttress employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate .A.the impact of technological advancesB.the alleviation of jobs pressureC.the shrinkages of textile millsD.the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a success employer, one has to .A.work on cheap softwareB.ask for a moderate salaryC.adopt an average lifestyleD.contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that .A.gains of technology have been erasedB.job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC.factories are making much less money than beforeD.new jobs and services have been offered.24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is .A.to accelerate the I.T. revolutionB.to ensure more education for peopleC.to advance economic globalizationD.to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A.Technology Goes CheapB.New Law T akes EffectC.Recession Is BadD.Average Is Over Text 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folkslooking to make a permanent home in the United States came, those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli dipassaggio,”birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and particle physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who_____.A.find permanent jobs overseasB.leave their home countries for foodC.immigrate across the AtlanticD.stay in a foreign country temporarily27. It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US_____.A.needs new immigrant categoriesB.has loosened control over immigrantsC.should be adapted to meet challengesD.has been fixed via political means28. According to the author, today`s birds of passage want______.A.financial incentivesB. a global recognitionC.opportunities to get regular jobsD.the freedom to stay and leave29. The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated______.A.as faithful partnersB.with legal toleranceC.with economic favorsD.as mighty rivals30. The most appropriate title for this text would be_____.e and Go: Big MistakeB.Living and Thriving: Great RiskC.Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeD.With or Without: Great Risk Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to access other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is social, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of T oronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to customer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases– or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by passing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We will have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may .A.vary according to the urgency of the situationB.prove the complexity of our brain reactionC.depend on the importance of assessmentD.predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions .A.can be associativeB.are not unconsciousC.can be dangerousD.are not impulse33. To reverse the negative effects of snap decisions, we should .A.trust our first impressionB.do as people usually doC.think before we actD.ask for expert advices34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on .A.critical assessmentB.“thin sliced” studyC.sensible explanationD.adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is .A.tolerantB.uncertainC.optimisticD.doubtful Text 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60%. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40% female board membership. The Forte foundation in America has now flowed suit with its own list of “board-ready women.” But Reding’s appeal in Europe was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairly as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France a nd other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s re luctance—and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them.When women do break through to the summit of corporate power—as, for example, Shery1 Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society. 36. In the European corporate workplace, generally _______.A.women take the leadB.men have the final sayC.corporate governance is overwhelmedD.senor management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is _______.A. a reflection of gender balanceB. a reluctant choiceC. a response to Reding’s callD. a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women ________.A.get top business positionsB.see through the glass ceilingC.balance work and familyD.anticipate legal results19. The author’s attitude toward R e ding’s appeal is one of _______.A.skepticismB.objectivenessC.indifferenceD.approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of _____.A.more social justiceB.massive media attentionC.suitable public policiesD.greater “soft pressurePart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitle from A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Live like a peasantB.Balance your dietC.Shopkeepers are your friendsD.Remember to treat yourselfE.Stick to what you needF.Planning is everythingG.Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a year working in corporate communications and eati ng at London’s best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. “The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I’d lost. But it’s still a day-by-day thing.” Now he’s living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He’s feeling positive, but he’ll carry on blogging—not about eating as cheaply as you can—“there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food”—but eating well on a budget. Here’s his advice for economical foodies.21. ______________________________________Impulsive spending isn’t an option, so plan your week’s menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it’s not just cost effective but helps you balance your die t. It’s also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because,being human, you’ll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.22. _______________________________________This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in handy. With them, th ere’s not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan property, you’ll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.23. _______________________________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer—that’s not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus v egetables you’ll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to “go off” will be cooked or juiced.24. ________________________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you’ll feel comfortable asking if they’ve any knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, they’ll let you have for free.25. _________________________________________You won’t be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant—£1.75 a week for three months gives you £21—more than enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It’s £16.95 there—or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino’s : I know which I’d rather eat.Section Ⅲ Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does—try to put it to one side.I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day—they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section Ⅳ WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1)inform them about the details and2)encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming instead” .Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)某高校大学生兼职比例。
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2013年MBA联考英语考试大纲全解（二）——学苑教育
Ⅱ．2013年MBA考试形式和试卷结构
（一）考试形式
考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和答题卡。
答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。
考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将英译汉和写作部分的答案按要求写在答题卡2上。
（二）试卷结构
试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用
主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。
共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
大纲提出，英语知识运用主要考查考生对英语知识点的综合运用能力，具体来讲，英语知识运用部分考核的重点：语法结构、固定搭配、近义词辨析和逻辑关系等，希望广大考生能够以考试大纲为准绳，以历年真题为研究范本，吃透知识点，认真准备和复习有关考研英语知识运用方面的知识点，提高解题能力。
第二部分阅读理解
考生应能读懂不同题材和体裁的文字材料。
题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。
根据阅读材料，考生应能：
（1）理解主旨要义；
（2）理解文中的具体信息；
（3）理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系；
（4）根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义；
（5）进行一定的判断和推理；
（6）理解作者的意图、观点或态度。
主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
2013年管理类(MBA)考试大纲规定了阅读理解A部分考查文章的题材、体裁、考查能力要求及考查形式，从题材上来讲，英语（二）的阅读理解A部分偏重考查经济类文章和管理类文章，平时复习时要有所侧重。
从考查能力上来讲，英语（二）的阅读理解A部分主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力，这就要求考生做题时能定位到具体信息，准确理解，排除干扰选项，判断出正确选项，从而能够拿到高分。
A节（20小题）本部分为多项选择题。
共四篇文章，总长度为1600词左右。
要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。
考生需在每小题所提供的选项（A、B、C、D ）中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。
每篇文章设5题，共20题。
每小题2分，共40分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
B节（5小题）本部分有3种备选题型。
每次考试从这3种题型中选择其中的一种形式。
或者这3种形式中某几种形式的组合进行考查。
本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
备选题型包括：
1、多项对应
本部分为一篇长度为450～550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。
要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。
2、小标题对应
在一篇长度为450～550词的文章前有7个概括句或小标题。
这些文字或标题分别是对文章中一部分的概括或阐述。
要求考生根据文章内容和篇章结构从这7个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入文章空白处。
3、正误判断
在一篇长度为450～550词的文章后有与文章内容有关的5项陈述。
要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容、判断各项陈述的内容是“正确”（True）还是“错误”（False）。
本部分有三种题型：多项对应题、小标题对应题和正误判断题，2010年考查的是正误判断题，2011年考查的是多项对应题，2012年考查的是多项对应题，本部分难度较低，建议考生按照2013年考试大纲的要求，合理有效地利用参考资料对三种题型进行全面的复习和准备。
第三部分英译汉
考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。
要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，并将其全部译成汉语。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
共15分。
翻译的要求是译文准确、完整、通顺，需要考生准确理解所给的英语语言材料，在此基础上用通顺的汉语表达出来。
建议考生以大纲为准绳，以历年真题为参照，把握好采分点，掌握常考点，再辅之一定的实战训练，攻克翻译题型。
第四部分写作
考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。
短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。
该部分由A、B两节组成，主要考查考生的书面表达能力。
共2题，25分。
A节题型有两种，每次考试选择其中的一种形式。
备选题型包括：
1、考生根据所给情景写出约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。
2、要求考生根据所提供的汉语文章，用英语写出一篇80~100词的该文摘要。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
共10分。
B节要求考生根据所规定的情景或给出的提纲，写出一篇150词以上的英语说明文或议论文。
提供情景的形式为图画、图表或文字。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
共15分。
写作能力的提高不可能一蹴而就，需要在实战中训练。
建议每周提笔练习大小作文各一篇，提高自己的写作表达能力。
对于应用文来讲，要着重注意格式和语域，积累常用的句型表达，对于各种类型的应用文，要能把握本质，举一反三，此外还要注意训练摘要写作。
摘要写作的实质是提取中心句以后的汉译英，当然也有一些固定句式可以套用，以保证摘要的结构完整。
对于大作文来讲，重点还是图画和图表作文，每写完一篇作文后，要注意对照范文，找出自己在表达上的薄弱点并注意改进，熟练掌握写作套路和框架，多积累
和运用亮点词汇、高分句型。
依据《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲解析（非英语专业）（2013年版）》，2013年MBA/MPA等管理类联考英语考研大纲要求没有实质性的变化，同学可以基本上按照原有的思路进行更加系统、更具深度的复习。
从近几年的试卷结构当中，我们可以看出对英语语言能力的考查加深了。
所以我们建议，对于参加2013年MBA考试的同学们在备考的时候应该把更多的精力真正的放在扎扎实实提高自身英语语言能力上面，在坚实的语言能力基础上，再结合具体题型的应试技巧和策略，辅之合理的训练，才能真正在2013年MBA/MPA等管理类联考考研考试中取得优异的成绩。