第七课 libido for ugly
The Libido for the Ugly 课件讲义教材
-----Richard Wright
Mencken’s Writing Style
• Rip-roaring, witty, humorous, ironical, combative,
with unrestrained hyperbole, extravagant accentuation, fond of pairing adjectives, playful, comical.
institution which supported the middle class. He
enjoyed, met and challenged his antagonists with his
direct and devastating attacks.
H. L. Menken’s Great Concerns
felt the greatest threat of literature was the country’s
prevailing religion “fundamentalism”, the opinions of
which were based on the literary interpretation of the
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• Became a reporter on Baltimore Herald • Joined Sunpaper • Edited Smart Set • Edited American Mercury
H. L. Mencken’s Great Concerns
• He was a central figure in American intellectual life
高级英语第七课The+Libido+for+The+Ugly
Chen Huanhong
– He helped to found and edit two literary magazines which were highly influential among intellectuals.
1)The Smart Set 2) The American Mercury
Chen Huanhong
• In caustic, witty essays, he derided (mocked) the institution which supported the middle class. He enjoyed controversy and tried to arouse his antagonists with his direct and devastating attacks.
Chen Huanhong
• A few years later, he joined the staff of its rival newspaper, the Baltimore Sun or Evening Sun, first as a reporter, then as its drama critic and editor, a position which he held until 1941.
Chen Huanhong
• 1) He hated narrow-minded religion. He believed strongly in intellectual freedom and fought all attempts to censor literature and drama. He felt that the greatest threat of censorship came from the country's religion "fundamentalists", whose opinions were all based on their interpretation of the Bible.
The-Libido-for-the-Ugly-讲义PPT课件
H. L. Menken’s Great Concerns
• He hated narrowed-minded religions and strongly supported intellectual freedom. He fought with every effort to maintain the independence of literature. He felt the greatest threat of literature was the country’s prevailing religion “fundamentalism”, the opinions of which were based on the literary interpretation of the Bible.
8
Mencken’s Writing Style
• “I opened A Book of Prejudices and began to read. I was jarred and shocked by the style, the clear, clean, sweeping sentences. Why did he write like that? And how did one write like that? I pictured the man as a raging demon, slashing with his pen. I read on and what amazed me was not what he said, but how on earth anybody had the courage to say it…I identified myself with that book.” -----Richard Wright 9
The Libido for the Ugly 课件讲义
reality essentially by specific and concrete words that
appeal to the reader’s sense of sight, smell, sound, taste and touch.
What is the order of organization for a description?
exert “democracy” wisely.
Mencken’s Writing Style
• “I opened A Book of Prejudices and began to read. I
was jarred and shocked by the style, the clear, clean,
7
The Libido for the Ugly
(爱丑之欲)
Henry Louis Mencken
Outline of Class Teaching
• An introduction to Henry Louis Mencken His early life and career His writing style
James Lowell (詹姆斯· 洛威尔)
Edgar Allan Poe (埃德加· 爱伦· 坡)
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• Born in Baltimore
• Privately educated there
• Graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute
What is a description?
• Description conveys the sensations, emotions and impressions that affect a writer experiencing a person,
The Libido for Ugly
AssignmentLesson Seven The Libido for UglyClass 英语N083 Name 梁伊丽 No. 200845639324I. SummaryThe writer is referring to industrial production which is the most lucrative and characteristic activity in the United States. One day on one of the expresses if the Pennsyluania Railroad, the author passes through the coal and steel towns of Westmoreland country. What surprised him is its appalling desolation and a dreadfully hideous scene. The author think that nowhere on this earth have he seen anything to compare to this villages. In fact, it is because of the aesthetic tastes of the local people. The buildings are in comparable in design and color. Ugliness is not due to poverty but to something innate in the American character. That is a love of ugliness for its own sake or the libido for the ugly.II. CommentThe many metaphors and similes in the essay are largely appropriately used in describing the ugliness of Westmoreland County. For example, in paragraph 3 the metaphor of comparing the houses there to pigs wallowing in the mud~ the metaphor in the same paragraph of comparing the patches of paint to dried up scales formed by a skin disease~ and the simile in paragraph 2 as shown in the sentence "one blinks ... shot away", the simile in the same paragraph as shown in the sentence "a steel stadium-- the line", just to mention a few. Hyperboles are profusely used in the essay. They are mostly very effective in conveying what the author had to say.In paragraph 1, we read the sentence "Here was wealth ... alley cats", exaggerating the richness and grandeur of this region and of America as a whole, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth.III. Most impressive sentences + translation + sentence making1. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.(尽管四处林立的工厂使得烟尘无处不在，但这一地区本身的自然风景并不难看。
7The Libido for the Ugly(张汉熙高级英语 2)
dormer-window a bare leprous hill
a hillside was bare and looked as repulsive as the skin of a leper
pent house
Lesson Seven
The Libido for the Ugly
Pre-Text Questions
What do you know about the author? What kind of writing is this one? Why does Mencken uses such a pathological term like libido?
What literary device is used in this sentence?
sarcasm The color and design were so bad that one couldn’t find any which was worse.
It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius,…the making of them.
the U. S., the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth, both boasts about and feels proud of this center of industrial activity
it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a … joke
高级英语第7课 The Libido for the Ugly[精]
![高级英语第7课 The Libido for the Ugly[精]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/b25dfb27e518964bce847c2f.png)
His Style
He employed a huge vocabulary and liked to insert unusual or unexpected words, for surprise or comic effect, into otherwise normal sentences. Although his style is occasionally difficult to read, Mencken is still considered one of the best and liveliest essayists of this century.
"The American Language"
a) It examined the development of the English language in America,
b) It contrasted English and American expressions and usage.
*/gibbonsb/mencken/*
Description
Description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object and scene.
Description
It conveys the sensations, emotions and impressions that affect a writer experiencing a person, place, object or idea. The writer describes what he sees, hears, smells, feels or tastes, and it often includes his emotional reactions to the physical sensation of the experience.
(精品word)Thelibidofortheugly课文翻译
爱丑之欲几年前的一个冬日，我乘坐宾夕法尼亚铁路公司的一班快车离开匹兹堡,向东行驶一小时，穿越了威斯特摩兰县的煤城和钢都。
这是我熟悉的地方，无论是童年时期还是成年时期，我常常经过这一带。
但以前我从来没有感到这地方荒凉得这么可怕。
这儿正是工业化美国的心脏，是其最赚钱、最典型活动的中心，世界上最富裕、最伟大的国家的自豪和骄傲—-然而这儿的景象却又丑陋得这样可怕，凄凉悲惨得这么令人无法忍受，以致人的抱负和壮志在这儿成了令人毛骨悚然的、令人沮丧的笑料。
这儿的财富多得无法计算，简直都无法想象—-也是在这儿，人们的居住条件又是如此之糟，连那些流浪街头的野猫也为之害羞。
我说的不仅仅是脏.钢铁城镇的脏是人们意料之中的事。
我指的是所看到的房子没有一幢不是丑陋得令人难受，畸形古怪得让人作呕的。
从东自由镇到格林斯堡，在这全长25英里的路上，从火车上看去，没有一幢房子不让人看了感到眼睛不舒服和难受。
有的房子糟得吓人，而这些房子竞还是一些最重要的建筑——教堂、商店、仓库等等。
人们惊愕地看着这些房子，就像是看见一个脸给子弹崩掉的人一样。
有的留在记忆里，甚至回忆起来也是可怕的：珍尼特西面的一所样子稀奇古怪的小教堂，就像一扇老虎窗贴在一面光秃秃的、似有麻风散鳞的山坡上；参加过国外战争的退伍军人总部，设在珍尼特过去不远的另一个凄凉的小镇上。
沿铁路线向东不远处的一座钢架，就像一个巨大的捕鼠器。
但我回忆里出现的三要还是一个总的印象—-连绵不断的丑陋。
从匹兹堡到格林斯堡火车调车场,放眼望去，没有一幢像样的房子。
没有一幢不是歪歪扭扭的，没有一幢不是破破烂烂的.尽管到处是林立的工厂，遍地弥漫着烟尘，这一地区的自然霉仟并不差。
就地形而论,这儿是一条狭窄的河谷,其中流淌着一道道发源自山间的深溪.这儿的人口虽然稠密，但并无过分拥挤的迹象,即使在一些较大的城镇中，建筑方面也还大有发展的余地。
这儿很少见到有高密度排列的建筑楼群,几乎每一幢房屋，无论大小，其四周都还有剩余的空地.显然,如果这一地区有几个稍有职业责任感或荣誉感的建筑师的话，他们准会紧依山坡建造一些美观雅致的瑞士式山地小木屋——一种有着便于冬季排除积雪的陡坡屋顶，宽度大于高度,依山而建的低矮的小木屋。
LESSON 7：The Libido for the Ugly 补充练习题
D. a large basket
31. perpendicular
A. vertical
B. straight
C. upright
D. all the above
B. powerful
C. timid
D. panic
23. aberrant
A. incorrect
B. obstinate
C. unusual
D. normal
C. control
D. hurt
18. forlorn
A. movable
B. liberal
C. deserted
D. divided
19. streak
D. analysis of the past
27. pathology
A. the study of religion
B. the study of philosophy
C. the study of disease
C. picturesque
D. charming
26. retrospect
A. thought about the future
B. contemplation of the past
C. examination of the present
24. inimical
A. favourable
B. intimate
C. comical
D. hostile
25. grotesque
A. strange
B. graphic
The Libido for the Ugly 讲义(课堂PPT)
2
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• The 1st American to be widely read as a critic (批评家)
James Lowell (詹姆斯·洛威尔)
Edgar Allan Poe (埃德加·爱伦·坡 )
Mencken’s Writing Style
• Rip-roaring, witty, humorous, ironical, combative, with unrestrained hyperbole, extravagant accentuation, fond of pairing adjectives, playful, comical.
• Mencken’s writing is endearing because of its wit, its crisp style, and the obvious delight he takes in it.
10
Mencken’s Writing Style
• No other entertainment gave him greater pleasure than reporting from the conventions; nor did anyone appreciate his efforts more than Mencken himself. One reporter, peering through Mencken's window late at night after one rally, recalled watching him at work alone in his hotel room, pounding out copy on a typewriter propped on a desk. He would type a few sentences, read them, slap his thigh, toss his head back, and roar with laughter. Then he would type some more lines, guffaw, and so on until the end of the article.
高英Lesson7(Book 2)The Libido for the Ugly
The most prominent newspaperman, book reviewer, and political commentator of his day, Henry Louis Mencken was a libertarian before the word came into usage. His prose is as clear as an azure sky, and his rhetoric as deadly as a rifle shot. No other entertainment gave him greater pleasure than reporting from the conventions; nor did anyone appreciate his efforts more than Mencken himself. One reporter, peering through Mencken's window late at night after one rally, recalled watching him at work alone in his hotel room, pounding out copy on a typewriter propped on a desk. He would type a few sentences, read them, slap his thigh, toss his head back, and roar with laughter. Then he would type some more lines, guffaw, and so on until the end of the article. Mencken's writing is endearing because of its wit, its crisp style, and the obvious delight he takes in it.
《The Libido for the Ugly》浅析
Foregrounding
The Libido for the Ugly
——Foregrounding, Contrast, Imagery
apply impression technique(印象手法) use many derogatory words & derogatory imagery. a blend of foregrounding, contrast and imagery
derogatory(贬义) commendatory(褒义）
appalling dreadfully desolation disgrace hideous intolerably alley cat reduce bleak
forlorn macabre depressing
abominable
Contrast
可译为对照。用比较不同或相反性质的办法来加以区分 （distinguish or be distinguished by comparison of unlike or opposite qualities）
对照是将两种事物（或情形）放在一起就某一性质进行 比较，以显现其反差。
END.
Imagery
可译为意象，是一种使用语言的艺术手法。
赋义予诗歌或其他文学作品中提及的感官感受到的 一切物体和性质，其提及方式可以是文字描述、暗示 或比照物（如用于明喻和暗喻中的喻体）
高级英语课堂演示版副本
Unit 7
Libido for the ugly
Detailed explanations
编辑课件
Libido for the Ugly
The strong urge to love things ugly.
Libido: a special term used in psychoanalysis meaning a strong desire.
编辑课件
On a winter day some years ago, coming out of Pittsburgh on one of the expresses of Pennsylvania Railroad, I rolled eastward for an hour through the coal and steel town of Westmoreland County.
sake.
编辑课件
About the Author ②
According to H. L. Menckn, the American
race hates beauty as it hates truth. In his
essay, he chooses the strongest words to
without people in it; lonely, uninhibited, solitary, deserted荒凉的，荒芜的。 wretched, very sad 忧伤的 Usually in passive voice when used as a verb
▪ To be continued
烟稀少的 ③ alone without companions （文）孤
The-Libido-for-The-Ugly中英文版
THE LIBIDO FOR THE UGL Y1、On a Winter day some years ago, coming out ofPittsburghon one of the expressesof thePennsylvania Railroad, I rolled eastward for an hour through the coal and steel towns of Westmoreland county. 几年前的一个冬日，我乘坐宾夕法尼亚铁路公司的一班快车离开匹兹堡，向东行驶一小时，穿越了威斯特摩兰县的煤城和钢都。
It was familiar ground; boy and man, I had been through it often before. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appallingdesolation. 这是我熟悉的地方，无论是童年时期还是成年时期，我常常经过这一带。
但以前我从来没有感到这地方荒凉得这么可怕。
Here was the very heart of industrialAmerica, the center of its most lucrativeand characteristic activity, the boastand pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth-and here was a scene so dreadfully hideousso intolerably bleak and forlornthat it reduced the whole aspirationof man to a macabreand depressing joke. 这儿正是工业化美国的心脏，是其最赚钱、最典型活动的中心，世界上最富裕、最伟大的国家的自豪和骄傲——然而这儿的景象却又丑陋得这样可怕，凄凉悲惨得这么令人无法忍受，以致人的抱负和壮志在这儿成了令人毛骨悚然的、令人沮丧的笑料。
The-Libido-for-The-Ugly中英文版
THE LIBIDO FOR THE UGL Y1、On a Winter day some years ago，coming out of Pittsburgh on one of the expresses of the Pennsylvania Railroad, I rolled eastward for an hour through the coal and steel towns of Westmoreland county。
几年前的一个冬日，我乘坐宾夕法尼亚铁路公司的一班快车离开匹兹堡，向东行驶一小时,穿越了威斯特摩兰县的煤城和钢都。
It was familiar ground；boy and man，I had been through it often before. But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation。
这是我熟悉的地方，无论是童年时期还是成年时期，我常常经过这一带。
但以前我从来没有感到这地方荒凉得这么可怕。
Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity，the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth-and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke. 这儿正是工业化美国的心脏，是其最赚钱、最典型活动的中心,世界上最富裕、最伟大的国家的自豪和骄傲-—然而这儿的景象却又丑陋得这样可怕，凄凉悲惨得这么令人无法忍受,以致人的抱负和壮志在这儿成了令人毛骨悚然的、令人沮丧的笑料。
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Images: leprous hill, uremic yellow, eczematous patches, malarious hamlets, one blinks before a man with his face shot away, bury themselves swinishly, like gravestones in some gigantic decaying cemetery, color of an egg long past all hope or caring, that of a fat woman with a black eye, that of a Presbyterian grinning Sentences with sarcasm, ridicule and irony: would have disgraced a race of alley cats, insult and lacerate the eye there was not a single decent house in sight…there was not one that was not shabby I award this championship incomparable in color, incomparable in design, the Parthenon would not doubt offend them
Pennsylvania
Dominant impression of ugliness
Nouns: desolation, filth, grime, horror, ugliness, monstrousness, grotesqueries Adjectives: hideous, bleak, forlorn, abominable, dirty, horrible, misshapen, shabby, uncomely, dingy, decomposing, shocking, loathsome, gloomy, Godforsaken, frightful, putrid, ghastly, unlovely, diabolical, dreadful, macabre, depressing phrases: appalling desolation, dreadfully hideous, intolerably bleak, unbroken and agonizing ugliness, revolting monstrousness, incomparable
Structure of the text
Part I (para 1-5) Description of the ugliness : coverage, design, color; conclusion-championship In ugliness
Part II (para 6-9) Analysis of the source of the ugliness—the libido for the ugliness
Pittsburgh: a city in Southwest Pennsylvania. It is one of the most important industrial cities of America, and a center of rail and river transportation. Termed the “Steel City” or “Smoky City”, it is the center of rich bituminous-coal(生煤 region, 生煤) 生煤 producing also natural gas, oil and limestone; a large part of U.S. steel and iron is produced here. Westmoreland county: a county in Southwest Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Greensburg. It is a mining and manufacturing region. Greensburg: a county city of Westmoreland county, Southwest central Pennsylvania. 25 miles east southwest of Pittsburg.
《高级英语》 高级英语》 第二册
精品课程
制作人： 制作人： 徐李洁
Unit Seven
Libido for the
Ugly
-- Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
Teaching Aims1)2) Nhomakorabea3)
4)
To acquaint students with subjective description writing. To help students to understand the author’s real intention behind the description. To help students to compare the style with that of Unit Two “Marrakech”. To make students to learn all the expressions concerning ugliness.
Mencken’s quotation: A cynic is a man who, when he smells a flower, looks around for a coffin.
Mencken's Creed I believe that religion, generally speaking, has been a curse to mankind - that its modest and greatly overestimated services on the ethical side have been more than overcome by the damage it has done to clear and honest thinking. I believe that no discovery of fact, however trivial, can be wholly useless to the race, and that no trumpeting of falsehood, however virtuous in intent, can be anything but vicious. I believe that all government is evil, in that all government must necessarily make war upon liberty... I believe that the evidence for immortality is no better than the evidence of witches, and deserves no more respect. I believe in the complete freedom of thought and speech... I believe in the capacity of man to conquer his world, and to find out what it is made of, and how it is run. I believe in the reality of progress. I - But the whole thing, after all, may be put very simply. I believe that it is better to tell the truth than to lie. I believe that it is better to be free than to be a slave. And I believe that it is better to know than be ignorant. He jeered at American sham, pretension, provincialism, and prudery, and he ridiculed the nation’s organized religion, business and middle class.
The Main idea of each paragraph
Para 1--- The writer contrasts the great wealth of this region with the abominable human habitations seen everywhere. Para 2 ---The writer describes the coverage of the ugliness in the county. Para 3 ---The writer describes the ugliness of the house design Para 4 ---The writer describes the ugliness of the color of the bricks Para 5 ---The writer evaluates the ugliness of this region as the top one in the world. Para 6 ---The writer tries to trace the source of the ugliness from the foreigners Para 7 ---The writer speculates on a solution for the puzzle: libido for the ugly Para 8 ---The writer shows evidence to prove himself right Para 9 ---The writer finally gives an answer.