12机械专业英语c答案
机械英语试题及答案解析
机械英语试题及答案解析一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the process of removing material froma workpiece to create a part?A. MachiningB. WeldingC. CastingD. Forging答案：A2. Which of the following is a type of metal cutting operation?A. DrillingB. SolderingC. BrazingD. Annealing答案：A3. The term "CNC" stands for:A. Computer Numerical ControlB. Closed Network CircuitC. Centralized Network CommunicationD. Continuous Numerical Calculation答案：A4. What is the primary function of a lathe?A. To shape woodB. To cut threads on a workpieceC. To bend metal sheetsD. To forge metal答案：B5. In the context of manufacturing, what does "CAD" refer to?A. Computer Aided DesignB. Computer Aided DraftingC. Computer Aided DevelopmentD. Computer Aided Diagnosis答案：A6. Which of the following is a common material used in the production of machine parts?A. PlasticB. CeramicC. AlloyD. Glass答案：C7. The process of joining two pieces of metal by heating them to their melting point is known as:A. SolderingB. BrazingC. WeldingD. Gluing答案：C8. What is the role of a milling machine in the manufacturing process?A. To cut internal threadsB. To shape the surface of a workpieceC. To drill holesD. To create a smooth finish on a surface答案：B9. The term "tolerance" in mechanical engineering refers to:A. The maximum weight of a partB. The acceptable variation in size or shape of a partC. The minimum strength of a materialD. The standard size of a part答案：B10. What is the purpose of a jig in manufacturing?A. To hold workpieces in place during machiningB. To measure the dimensions of a partC. To cut threads on a workpieceD. To provide power to a machine tool答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The process of shaping metal by applying pressure is known as _______.答案：Forging12. A _______ is a tool that holds a cutting tool and guides it through a specific path.答案：Cutter13. In machining, the term "feed rate" refers to the _______ of the tool relative to the workpiece.答案：Speed14. The _______ is a device that can be used to measure the internal diameter of a hole.答案：Micrometer15. The process of hardening a metal to increase its strength is called _______.答案：Quenching16. A _______ is a machine tool used for shaping a workpiece by removing material.答案：Milling Machine17. The _______ is the process of cutting a workpiece along a straight line.答案：Sawing18. The _______ is a type of machine tool used for cutting internal threads.答案：Tapping Machine19. The _______ is the process of heating and cooling a metalto alter its physical properties.答案：Heat Treatment20. A _______ is a device that holds a workpiece in place during machining.答案：Vise三、简答题（每题5分，共10分）21. Explain the difference between a milling machine and a lathe.答案：A milling machine is used for shaping the surfaceof a workpiece by removing material with a rotating multi-toothed cutter, whereas a lathe is used for shaping a workpiece by rotating it and cutting it with a stationary tool.22. What is the purpose of a jig in the manufacturing process?答案：A jig is a device used in manufacturing to hold a workpiece in a specific position while it is being machined, ensuring accuracy and repeatability in the production process.四、论述题（每题15分，共15分）23. Discuss the importance of precision in mechanical engineering and how it affects the performance of a machine.答案：Precision in mechanical engineering is crucial asit ensures that components fit together correctly andfunction as intended. Inaccurate parts can lead to poor performance, increased wear, and even failure of the machine. Precision is achieved through the use of。
机械专业英语试题及答案精编WORD版
机械专业英语试题及答案精编W O R D版IBM system office room 【A0816H-A0912AAAHH-GX8Q8-GNTHHJ8】学院院长（系主任）（签字）C. degradation…corrosionD. corrosion… degradation12. Most frames _______ cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete.A. are made fromB. are made up ofC. was produced byD. was consist of13. Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designed toavoid operationat speeds.A . lowB .overload C. critical D. hollow14. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires a .A. patternB. modelC. moldD. patent15. The term is used to describe joints with surface contact, as with a pin surrounded by a hole.A. high pairB. low pairC. surface pairD. rotary pair二、完型填空（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计15分）The term shaft usually refers to a relatively long member of round cross section that rotates and transmits power. One or more members such as gears,sprockets, pulleys, and cams are usually (16) to the shaft by means of pins, keys, splines, snap rings, and other devices. These latter members are among the “associated parts” considered in this text, as are couplings and universaljoint, which serve to (17) the shaft to the source of power or load.考生注意：考试时间 120 分钟试卷总分 100 分共 5 页第 1 页Sometimes members like gears and cams are made (28) with shaft,but more often such members (which also include pulleys,sprockets, etc)are made separately and then(29) shaft. Theportion of the mounted member in contact with the shaft is thehub. Attachment of the hub to the shaft is made in variety ofways. A gear can be gripped (30) between a shoulder on the shaftand a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key. Thegrooves in the shaft and hub into which the key fits are calledkeyways.16、 A) cement B) attached C) connected D)concrete17、 A) endure B) transmit C) serve D)connect18、 A) support B) meet C) satisfy D) strong19、 A) aims B) idler C) terminal D) tomb20、 A) due to B) weather C) whether D) for21、 A) elasticity B) torsional C) inertia D)acceleration22、 A) subjected B)…connect C) and D) From23、 A) deeply B) strength C) clearly understandD) long time24、 A) identify B) cross C) round D) 订线read as follows.Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is decision making process(often iterative),in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resourcesoptimally to meet a sated objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis,construction ,testing, and evaluation. The engineering design component of a curriculum must include most of the following features : development of student creativity, use of open-ended problem statement and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statement and specification, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production process, concurrent engineering design, and detailed system descriptions. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, andsocial impact.31、what’s the main meaning of message (1)?A) Engineering design is a systematic process B) materials engineer’s mainworkC) mechanical engineer’s has good idea D) electrical engineer’ mainduty32、In the author’s opinion, the design process is very complex and should takeninto account many factors, from the message who should NOT join into the design team _______.A) environmentalists,B) sociologistsC) engineersD) Government officials33、From the message, we can know the meaning of words “ABET”(at line third paragraph) is _____.A) a set of accredits standardB) a kind of design methodC) a department of US government which responsible for engineering designD) A set of law34、It can be concluded from the passage that in the exercise and training of student, which character of the following is NOT included in the curriculum ______.A) creativityB) new materialC) ethicsD) economic factors35、The title of the message is ______.A) the roles of engineers in manufacturingB) the importance of mechanical designC) engineering designD) The process of machine designTEXT 2Working drawings are the complete set of standardized drawings specifying the manufacture and assembly of a product based on its design. The complexity of the design determines the number and types of drawings. Working drawings may be on more than one sheet and may contain written instructions called specifications.Working drawings are blueprints used for manufacturing products. Therefore, the set of drawings must:(a) completely describe the parts, both visually and dimensionally;(b)show the parts in assembly;(3)identify all the parts; and (4)specify standard parts. The graphics and text information must be sufficiently complete and accurate to manufacture and assemble the product without error.共 5 页第 2 页(1) Detail drawings of each nonstandard parts.(2) An assembly or subassembly drawing showing all the standard and nonstandard parts in a single drawing.(3) A bill of materials (BOM).(4) A title block.A detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single part, describing the part’s shape, size, material, and surface roughness, in sufficient detail for the part to be manufactured based on the drawing alone. Detail drawings are produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models. They adhere strictly to ANSI standards and the standard for the specific company, for dimensioning, assigning part numbers, notes, tolerances, etc.In an assembly, standard parts such as threaded fasteners and bearings are not drawn as details, but are shown in the assembly view. Standard parts are not drawn as details because they are normally purchased, not manufactured, for assembly.For large assemblies or assembled with large parts, details are drawn on multiple sheets, and a separate sheet is used for the assembly view. If the assembly is simple or the parts are small,detail drawings for each part of an assembly can be placed on a singlesheet.TEXT 3One principle aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subjects’ mechanical parts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations, which those will create on the parts. Since, for most earthbound mechanical systems, the mass remains essentially constant with time, defining the accelerations as a function of time then also defines the dynamic forces as a function of time. Stresses, in turn, will be a function of both applied and inertial (ma) forces. Since engineering design is charged with creating systems which will not fail during their expected service life, the goal is to keep stresses within acceptable limits for the materials chosen and the environmental conditions encountered. This obviously requires that all system forces be defined and kept within desired limits. In machinery, the largest forces encountered are often those due to the dynamics of the machine itself. These dynamic forces are proportional to acceleration, which brings us back to kinematics, the foundation of mechanical design. Very basic and early decision in the design process involving kinematic principles can be crucial to the success of any mechanical design; a design which has poor kinematics will prove troublesome and perform badly.Any mechanical system can be classified according to the number of degree of freedom (DOF) which it processes. The system’s DOF is equal to the number of independent parameters which are needed to uniquely define its position in space at any instant of time.A rigid body free to move within a reference frame will, in the general case, has complex motion, which is a simultaneous combination of rotation and translation. In three-dimensional space, there may be rotation about any axis and also simultaneous translation which can be resolved into components along three axes. In a plane, or two-dimensional space, complex motion becomes a combination of simultaneous rotation about one axis (perpendicular to the plane) and also translation resolved into components along two axes in the plane41、Kinematics research focus on the following EXCEPT ______..A) accelerations B) forceC) positions, D) velocities42、From the passage that for the design engineer the first and most important is____A) the service life of a machine B) the materials chooseC) the degree of freedom D) kinematic principles43、An mechanical system has uniquely defined position in space at any instant of time that ___.A) It should has one DOFB) It should Has two DOFC) the DOF and the number of independent parameters should equalD) It should has any DOF as want44、 which one of the following is NOT TRUE _______?.A) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may rotation about anyaxisB) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space is a simultaneouscombination of rotation and translationC) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space can be resolved intocomponents along three axesD) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may has complex motion45、The best title for this passage would be _______.A) kinematics B) dynamicsC) kinematics and dynamic D) the important of kinematics共 5 页第3 页1．将下列英语句子译成汉语（共5小题，每小题2分）（1）A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of a real machine member.（2）Foundations should ensure the machine’s stiffness; shock absorption and isolation are secondary considerations.(3)Thus, if a mechanical component such as a spring is subjected to repetitive or cyclical applications of stress levels much lower than the ultimate strength, it will fracture after a large number of repetitions of this stress.（4）Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, i.e., able to replace each other, whether during assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.（5）A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft anda spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key.2、将下段英语翻译成汉语（10分）As we look around us w e see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are ease to use. Ideally , however, every such itemhas been designed according to some set of “functional requirements”（5）当一个装置意外地失效后，通常需要进行研究工作，来找出失效的原因和确定可能的改正措施。
2020年(机械制造行业)机械专业英语
94.pinch bar撬杠
95.power slip动力卡瓦
96.ring gasket钢圈
97.ring spanner梅花扳手
98.rotary table转盘
99.screw driver螺丝刀
100.seamless pipe无缝钢管
101.shock absorber减震器
23.buttress-thread梯形扣
24.butterfly valve蝶阀
25.by-pass旁通
26.choke line阻流管线
27.choke valve节流阀
28.clutch离合器
29.dead line死绳
30.direct current drive直流电驱动
31.drawworks motor绞车电机
32.drift mandrel通径规
33.drilling line (work line)钻井大绳
34.driving chain传动链条
35.drum滚筒
36.drum clutch滚筒离合器
37.elevator link吊卡耳环
38.elevator-spider吊卡-卡瓦
39.eye plate吊耳，吊环
144.Blowing motor风机马达
145.Drive shaft驱动轴
146.Driven shaft从动轴
147.Input shaft输入轴
148.Output shaft输出轴
149.Master bushing大补芯
150.High Speed Clutch高速离合器
151.Low Speed Clutch低速离合器
机械专业英语试题及答案
教研室主任 （签字） 学院院长（系主任） （签字）C. degradation…corrosionD. corrosion… degradation12. Most frames _______ cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete.A. are made fromB. are made up ofC. was produced byD. was consist of13. Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designed to avoidoperationat speeds.A . lowB .overload C. critical D. hollow14. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires a .A. patternB. modelC. moldD. patent15. The term is used to describe joints with surface contact, as with a pin surrounded by a hole.A. high pairB. low pairC. surface pairD. rotary pair二、完型填空（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计15分）The term shaft usually refers to a relatively long member of round cross section that rotates and transmits power. One or more members such as gears, sprockets, pulleys, and cams are usually (16) to the shaft by means of pins, keys, splines, snap rings, and other devi ces. These latter members are among the “associated parts” considered in this text, as are couplings and universal joint, which serve to (17) the shaft to the source of power or load.考生注意：考试时间 120 分钟试卷总分 100 分共 5 页第 1 页Sometimes members like gears and cams are made (28) with shaft, butmore often such members (which also include pulleys, sprockets, etc)aremade separately and then(29) shaft. The portion of the mounted memberin contact with the shaft is the hub. Attachment of the hub to the shaftis made in variety of ways. A gear can be gripped (30) between ashoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmittedthrough a key. The grooves in the shaft and hub into which the key fitsare called keyways.16、 A) cement B) attached C) connected D) concrete17、 A) endure B) transmit C) serve D) connect18、 A) support B) meet C) satisfy D) strong19、 A) aims B) idler C) terminal D) tomb20、 A) due to B) weather C) whether D) for21、 A) elasticity B) torsional C) inertia D)acceleration22、 A) subjected B)…connect C) and D) From23、 A) deeply B) strength C) clearly understand D)long time24、 A) identify B) cross C) round D)lateral25、 A) lucrative B) objectionable C) attractable D)terrible订线read as follows.Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is decision making process(often iterative),in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a sated objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction ,testing, and evaluation. The engineering design component of a curriculum must include most of the following features : development of student creativity, use of open-ended problem statement and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statement and specification, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production process, concurrent engineering design, and detailed system descriptions. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.31、what’s the main meaning of message (1)?A) Engineering design is a systematic process B) materials engineer’s main workC) mechanical engineer’s has good idea D) electrical engineer’ main duty32、In the author’s opinion, the design process is very complex and should taken intoaccount many factors, from the message who should NOT join into the design team _______.A) environmentalists,B) sociologistsC) engineersD) Government officials33、From the message, we can know the meaning of words “ABET”(at line third paragraph)is _____.A) a set of accredits standardB) a kind of design methodC) a department of US government which responsible for engineering designD) A set of law34、It can be concluded from the passage that in the exercise and training of student,which character of the following is NOT included in the curriculum ______.A) creativityB) new materialC) ethicsD) economic factors35、The title of the message is ______.A) the roles of engineers in manufacturingB) the importance of mechanical designC) engineering designD) The process of machine designTEXT 2Working drawings are the complete set of standardized drawings specifying the manufactureand assembly of a product based on its design. The complexity of the design determines the number and types of drawings. Working drawings may be on more than one sheet and may contain written instructions called specifications.Working drawings are blueprints used for manufacturing products. Therefore, the set of drawings must:(a) completely describe the parts, both visually and dimensionally;(b)show the parts in assembly;(3)identify all the parts; and (4)specify standard parts. The graphics and text information must be sufficiently complete and accurate to manufacture and assemble the product without error.共 5 页第 2页(1) Detail drawings of each nonstandard parts.(2) An assembly or subassembly drawing showing all the standard and nonstandard parts in a single drawing.(3) A bill of materials (BOM).(4) A title block.A detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single part, describing the part’s shape, size, material, and surface roughness, in sufficient detail for the part to be manufactured based on the drawing alone. Detail drawings are produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models. They adhere strictly to ANSI standards and the standard for the specific company, for dimensioning, assigning part numbers, notes, tolerances, etc.In an assembly, standard parts such as threaded fasteners and bearings are not drawn as details, but are shown in the assembly view. Standard parts are not drawn as details because they are normally purchased, not manufactured, for assembly.For large assemblies or assembled with large parts, details are drawn on multiple sheets, and a separate sheet is used for the assembly view. If the assembly is simple or the parts are small, detail drawings for each part of an assembly can be placed on a single sheet.Multiple details on a sheet are usually drawn at the same scale. If different scales are used, they are clearly marked under each detail. Also,when more than one detail is placed on a sheet, the spacing between detailsTEXT 3One principle aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subjects’ mechanical parts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations, which those will create on the parts. Since, for most earthbound mechanical systems, the mass remains essentially constant with time, defining the accelerations as a function of time then also defines the dynamic forces as a function of time. Stresses, in turn, will be a function of both applied and inertial (ma) forces. Since engineering design is charged with creating systems which will not fail during their expected service life, the goal is to keep stresses within acceptable limits for the materials chosen and the environmental conditions encountered. This obviously requires that all system forces be defined and kept within desired limits. In machinery, the largest forces encountered are often those due to the dynamics of the machine itself. These dynamic forces are proportional to acceleration, which brings us back to kinematics, the foundation of mechanical design. Very basic and early decision in the design process involving kinematic principles can be crucial to the success of any mechanical design; a design which has poor kinematics will prove troublesome and perform badly.Any mechanical system can be classified according to the number of degree of freedom (DOF) which it processes. The system’s DOF is equal to the number of independent parameters which are needed to uniquely define its position in space at any instant of time.A rigid body free to move within a reference frame will, in the general case, has complex motion, which is a simultaneous combination of rotation and translation. In three-dimensional space, there may be rotation about any axis and also simultaneous translation which can be resolved into components along three axes. In a plane, or two-dimensional space, complex motion becomes a combination of simultaneous rotation about one axis (perpendicular to theplane) and also translation resolved into components along two axes in the plane41、Kinematics research focus on the following EXCEPT ______..A) accelerations B) forceC) positions, D) velocities42、From the passage that for the design engineer the first and most important is____A) the service life of a machine B) the materials chooseC) the degree of freedom D) kinematic principles43、An mechanical system has uniquely defined position in space at any instant of time that ___.A) It should has one DOFB) It should Has two DOFC) the DOF and the number of independent parameters should equalD) It should has any DOF as want44、 which one of the following is NOT TRUE _______?.A) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may rotation about any axisB) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space is a simultaneous combinationof rotation and translationC) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space can be resolved into componentsalong three axesD) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may has complex motion45、The best title for this passage would be _______.A) kinematics B) dynamicsC) kinematics and dynamic D) the important of kinematics共 5 页第3 页1．将下列英语句子译成汉语（共5小题，每小题2分）（1）A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of a real machine member.（2）Foundations should ensure the machine’s stiffness; shock absorption and isolation are secondary considerations.(3)Thus, if a mechanical component such as a spring is subjected to repetitive or cyclical applications of stress levels much lower than the ultimate strength, it will fracture after a large number of repetitions of this stress.（4）Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, i.e., able to replace each other, whether during assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.（5）A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key.2、将下段英语翻译成汉语（10分）As we look around us we see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are ease to use. Ideally , however, every such item has been designed according to some set of “functional requirements” as perceived by thedesigners—that is, it hs been designed so as to answer the question,（5）当一个装置意外地失效后，通常需要进行研究工作，来找出失效的原因和确定可能的改正措施。
机械制造专业英语
金属切削m etalcutti ng机床machi ne to ol金属工艺学 te chnol ogy o f met als 刀具 cut ter摩擦 fric tion联结 lin k传动d rive/trans missi on轴s haft弹性 ela stici ty频率特性 fre quenc y cha racte risti c 误差e rror响应 res ponse定位 al locat ion机床夹具 ji g动力学dynam ic运动学 kine matic静力学s tatic分析力学analy se me chani cs拉伸pulli ng压缩hitti ng剪切shear扭转 tw ist弯曲应力 be nding stre ss强度inten sity三相交流电three-phas e AC磁路 mag netic circ les变压器 tra nsfor mer异步电动机a synch ronou s mot or 几何形状 geo metri cal精度 prec ision正弦形的sinus oid 交流电路A C cir cuit机械加工余量 mach ining allo wance 变形力d eform ing f orce变形 def ormat ion应力 stre ss硬度rigid ity热处理 hea t tre atmen t退火a nneal正火 no rmali zing脱碳 dec arbur izati on渗碳carbu rizat ion电路 circ uit半导体元件s emico nduct or el ement反馈 fe edbac k发生器gener ator直流电源DC el ectri cal s ource门电路g ate c ircui t逻辑代数 logi c alg ebra外圆磨削exter nal g rindi ng内圆磨削 int ernal grin ding平面磨削plane grin ding变速箱 ge arbox离合器c lutch绞孔 fr aisin g绞刀r eamer螺纹加工threa d pro cessi ng螺钉screw铣削 mi ll铣刀milli ng cu tter功率 po wer工件 work piece齿轮加工gearmechi ning齿轮 gea r主运动mainmovem ent主运动方向d irect ion o f mai n mov ement进给方向 dire ction of f eed进给运动 fe ed mo vemen t合成进给运动 re sulta nt mo vemen t offeed合成切削运动 resu ltant move mentof cu tting合成切削运动方向d irect ion o f res ultan t mov ement of c uttin g 切削深度 cutt ing d epth前刀面 ra ke fa ce刀尖noseof to ol前角rakeangle后角c leara nce a ngle龙门刨削p lanin g主轴s pindl e主轴箱heads tock卡盘 chu ck加工中心 mac hinin g cen ter车刀 lath e too l车床lathe钻削镗削 bore车削 tu rning磨床 gr inder基准 be nchma rk钳工locks mith锻 forg e压模s tampi ng焊w eld拉床 broa ching mach ine拉孔 broa ching装配 as sembl ing铸造 foun d流体动力学 flu id dy namic s流体力学 flui d mec hanic s加工m achin ing液压 hydr aulic pres sure切线 tan gent机电一体化 mech anotr onics mech anica l-ele ctric al in tegra tion气压 air pres surepneum aticpress ure 稳定性 st abili ty介质mediu m液压驱动泵 flu id cl utch液压泵 hy draul ic pu mp阀门valve失效 in valid ation强度 in tensi ty载荷load应力 str ess安全系数 sa fty f actor可靠性r eliab ility螺纹 th read螺旋 hel ix键s pline销 pin滚动轴承rolli ng be aring滑动轴承slidi ng be aring弹簧 sp ring制动器 ar reste r bra ke十字结联轴节c rossh ead联轴器 cou pling链 cha in皮带strap精加工f inish mach ining粗加工r oughmachi ning变速箱体g earbo x cas ing腐蚀 rust氧化 ox idati on磨损wear耐用度 du rabil ity随机信号 ra ndomsigna l离散信号 disc retesigna l超声传感器 ult rason ic se nsor集成电路i ntegr ate c ircui t挡板o rific e pla te残余应力 re sidua l str ess 套筒 sle eve 扭力 tor sion冷加工 co ld ma chini ng电动机 ele ctrom otor汽缸 cy linde r过盈配合 int erfer encefit热加工 hot work摄像头 CC D cam era倒角 roun dingchamf er优化设计 opt imaldesig n工业造型设计 in dustr ial m ouldi ng de sign有限元 fi niteeleme nt滚齿hobbi ng插齿gearshapi ng伺服电机 act uatin g mot or铣床milli ng ma chine钻床 dr ill m achin e镗床b oring mach ine步进电机 st epper moto r丝杠s crewrod导轨 lead rail组件 su basse mbly可编程序逻辑控制器P rogra mmabl e Log ic Co ntrol ler P LC 电火花加工 el ectri c spa rk ma chini ng电火花线切割加工 elec trica l dis charg e wir e - c uttin g相图p hasediagr am热处理 heat trea tment固态相变solid stat e pha se ch anges有色金属nonfe rrous meta l陶瓷ceram ics合成纤维 sy nthet ic fi bre电化学腐蚀e lectr ochem icalcorro sion车架 aut omoti ve ch assis悬架 su spens ion转向器 red irect or变速器 spee d cha nger板料冲压s heetmetal part s孔加工spotfacin g mac hinin g车间w orksh op工程技术人员e ngine er气动夹紧 pne uma l ock数学模型 ma thema tical mode l画法几何 desc ripti ve ge ometr y机械制图 Mech anica l dra wing投影 pro jecti on视图view剖视图 pr ofile char t标准件 stan dardcompo nent零件图 pa rt dr awing装配图a ssemb ly dr awing尺寸标注sizemarki ng技术要求 tec hnica l req uirem ents刚度 rig idity内力 in terna l for ce位移displ aceme nt截面 sect ion 疲劳极限f atigu e lim it断裂 frac ture塑性变形p lasti c dis torti on脆性材料 bri ttlen ess m ateri al刚度准则 rig idity crit erion垫圈w asher垫片 sp acer直齿圆柱齿轮 stra ighttooth ed sp ur ge ar 斜齿圆柱齿轮h elica l-spu r gea r直齿锥齿轮 str aight beve l gea r运动简图 kin emati c ske tch齿轮齿条 pi nionand r ack 蜗杆蜗轮w orm a nd wo rm ge ar虚约束 pass ive c onstr aint曲柄 cra nk摇杆racke r凸轮c ams共轭曲线 co njuga te cu rve范成法 gen erati on me thod定义域d efini tiona l dom ain值域 rang e导数\\微分 di ffere ntial coef ficie nt求导deriv ation定积分defin ite i ntegr al不定积分 ind efini te in tegra l曲率c urvat ure偏微分 par tialdiffe renti al毛坯rough游标卡尺slide cali per千分尺 mic romet er ca liper s攻丝tap二阶行列式s econd orde r det ermin ant逆矩阵 inv ersematri x线性方程组 lin ear e quati ons概率 prob abili ty随机变量 ran dom v ariab le排列组合 per mutat ion a nd co mbina tion气体状态方程 equa tionof st ate o f gas动能 ki netic ener gy势能poten tialenerg y机械能守恒 con serva tionof me chani cal e nergy 动量 mo mentu m桁架t russ轴线 axe s余子式cofac tor逻辑电路 lo gic c ircui t触发器flip-flop脉冲波形p ulseshape数模 di gital anal ogy 液压传动机构 flui d dri ve me chani sm机械零件 mec hanic al pa rts淬火冷却 qu ench淬火 har denin g回火t emper ing调质 hard ening andtempe ring磨粒 ab rasiv e gra in结合剂 bond ing a gent砂轮 gri nding whee lMi lling mach ines,unive rsal万能铣床Mil lingmachi nes,v ertic al 立式铣床Milli ng ma chine s,ver tical & ho rizon tal 立式及卧式铣床M old & diecompo nents模具单元Mo ld ch angin g sys tems换模系统Mol d cor e 模芯Mol d hea ters/chill ers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold poli shing/text uring模具打磨/磨纹Mold repa ir 模具维修Molds模具Nail maki ng ma chine s 造钉机Oi l coo lers油冷却器Ove rflow cutt ing m achin es fo r alu miniu m whe els 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVCwater proof roll ed sh eet m aking plan t P型P VC高分子防水PCB f ine p iecin g sys tems印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tu be ma kingmachi nes 管筒制造机Pla ningmachi nes 刨床P lanin g mac hines vert ical立式刨床Pne umati c hyd rauli c cla mps 气油压虎钳Pne umati c pow er to ols 气动工具Powd er me tallu rgicformi ng ma chine s 粉末冶金成型机Pre sses,coldforgi ng 冷锻冲压机pres ses,c rank曲柄压力机Pr esses,ecce ntric离心压力机P resse s,for ging锻压机Pres ses,h ydrau lic 液压冲床Pres ses,k nuckl e joi nt 肘杆式压力机Pre sses,pneum atic气动冲床Pre sses,servo伺服冲床Pr esses,tran sfer自动压力机Pr essin g die s 压模Pun ch fo rmers冲子研磨器Q uickdie c hange syst ems 速换模系统Qui ck mo ld ch angesyste ms 快速换模系统Rev erber atory furn aces反射炉Roll ers 滚筒R ollin g mac hines辗压机Rot ary t ables转台Sawi ng ma chine s 锯床Saw ing m achin es,ba nd 带锯床S aws,b and 带锯S aws,h ack 弓锯S aws,h orizo ntalband卧式带锯Saw s,ver tical band立式带锯s hafts轴Shape rs 牛头刨床Shear ing m achin es 剪切机S heetmetal form ing m achin es 金属板成型机She et me tal w orkin g mac hines金属板加工机Slott ing m achin es 插床sp indle s 主轴Sta mping part s 冲压机St raigh tenin g mac hines矫直机Swi tches & bu ttons开关及按钮T appin g mac hines攻螺丝机Tr ansmi ttedchain s 传动链Tu be be nding mach ines弯管机Vert icalhydra ulicbroac hingmachi ne 立式油压拉床Vis es 虎钳Vi ses,t ool-m aker精密平口钳Wh eel d resse rs 砂轮修整器Wove n-Cut tingmachi nes 织麦激光切割机W rench es 扳手按中文拼音字母排序铝轮冒口切断机Overf low c uttin g mac hines foralumi niumwheel s离心压力机Press es,ec centr ic六角立式铣床 Mil lingmachi nes,t urret vert ical六角车床 Lat hes,t urret螺栓,螺帽及螺丝 Bol ts,sc rews& nut s螺纹磨床G rinde rs,th read冷却机 Cool ers 冷锻F orgin g,col d冷锻冲压机Press es,co ld fo rging立式双柱加工中心 Mac hinin g cen ters,verti cal d ouble-colu mn ty pe立式铣床Milli ng ma chine s,ver tical立式油压拉床Verti cal h ydrau lic b roach ing m achin e立式刨床P lanin g mac hines vert ical立式车床 Lat hes,v ertic al立式带锯Saws,verti cal b and 立式加工中心 Ma chini ng ce nters,vert ical立式及卧式铣床Milli ng ma chine s,ver tical & ho rizon tal 立式钻床 Dril lingmachi nes,v ertic al联轴器C oupli ng连续溶解保温炉 Al uminu m con tinuo us me lting & ho lding furn aces连续冲模 Die s-pro gress ive 链传动Chain driv e切断机 Cu tting-offmachi nes CNC刀杆 CNC tool ings曲柄压力机 pr esses,cran k修整机 Fi nishi ng ma chine s舍弃式刀头Dispo sable tool holde r bit s润滑系统L ubric ation Syst ems 润滑液Lubri cants熔热处理炉H eatin g tre atmen t fun aces三爪、分割工具头 3-Ja ws in dexin g spa cers伺服冲床 Pre sses,servo输送链 Con veyin g cha ins 手工具Handtools砂轮修整器W heeldress ers 蚀刻机Etchi ng ma chine s外圆磨床G rindi ng ma chine s,cyl indri cal 搪磨机Honin g mac hines搪孔头 Bor ing h eads卧式铣床 Mil lingmachi nes,h orizo ntal卧式带锯 Saw s,hor izont al ba nd卧式加工中心 Mac hinin g cen ters,horiz ontal卧式及立式加工中心 Ma chini ng ce nters,hori zonta l & v ertic al 万能铣床Milli ng ma chine s,uni versa l万能磨床G rindi ng ma chine s,uni versa l镗床 Bor ing m achin es弯曲机B endin g mac hines弯管机 Tub e ben dingmachi nes 通用加工中心 Ma chini ng ce nters,gene ral 铜锻F orgin g,cop per 铣头 Mill ing h eads铣床Milli ng ma chine s无心磨床G rindi ng ma chine s,cen terle ss无心精研机 Lapp ing m achin es,ce nterl ess 压模P ressi ng di es压铸冲模Die c astin g die s压铸机 Di e cas tingmachi nes 油冷却器 Oilcoole rs造链机C hainmakin g too ls造线机C ablemakin g too ls造钉机N ail m aking mach ines印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统 PCBfinepieci ng sy stems摇臂钻床 Dr illin g mac hines, rad ial 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组H ard/s oft a nd fr ee ex pansi on sh eet m aking plan t 辗压机 Ro lling mach ines液压元件 Hyd rauli c com ponen ts液压冲床Press es,hy draul ic液压动力元件 Hyd rauli c pow er un its 液压工具 Hydr aulic powe r too ls液压回转缸 Hydr aulic rota ry cy linde rsP型PVC高分子防水 P ty pe PV C wat erpro of ro lledsheet maki ng pl ant 刨床P lanin g mac hines牛头刨床 Sh apers其他铸造 Ca sting, oth er其他锻造Forgi ng, o thera ir pe rmeab ility test透气性试验au steni tic s teel沃斯田铁钢bri nellhardn ess 布耐内尔硬度bri nellhardn ess t est 布氏硬度试验cha rpy i mpact test夏比冲击试验c onica l cup test圆锥杯突试验c up fl ow te st 杯模式流动度试验da rt dr op im pacttest落锤冲击试验El mendo rf te st 埃罗门多撕裂强度试验envir onmen tal s tress crac kingtest环境应力龟裂试验erice ssentest埃留伸薄板拉伸试验fall ing b all i mpact test落球冲击试验f atigu e tes t 疲劳试验fe rrite纯铁体gant t cha rt 甘特图he at cy cle t est 热循环试验hist ogram柱状图hotbendtest热弯试验izod impa ct te st 埃左德冲击试验loo p ten acity环结强度mar tensheatdisto rtion temp eratu re te st 马顿斯耐热试验mar tensi te 马氏体mu llenburst ing s treng th te ster密廉式破裂强度试验机nol ring test诺尔环试验no rmaldistr ibuti on 常态分配o zoneresis tance test抗臭氧试验pa retodiagr am 柏拉图pe eling test剥离试验pin holetest针孔试验机rat tlertest磨耗试验rock weelhardn ess t est 洛氏硬度试验roc kweel hard ness洛氏威尔硬度ro linxproce ss 罗林克斯射出压缩成形法ross i-pea kes f low t est 罗西皮克斯流动试验sampl ing i nspec tion抽样检查scra tch h ardne ss 抗刮硬度s horehardn ess 萧氏硬度spira l flo w tes t 螺旋流动试验surfa ce ab rasio n tes t 表面磨耗试验taber abra ser 泰伯磨耗试验机te nsile impa ct te st 拉伸冲击试验tens ile s treng th 抗拉强度t ensio n tes t 张力试验th ermal shoc k tes t 冷热剧变试验torsi on te st 扭曲试验u bbelo hde v iscom eter乌别洛德黏度计v icatinden tatio n tes t 维卡针压陷试验Vick ers h ardne ss te st 维氏硬度试验warp age t est 翘曲试验weath erome ter 人工老化试验机we issen bergeffec t 威森伯格回转效应aut ocoll imato r 自动准直机b enchcompa rator比长仪bloc k gau ge 块规bor e che ck 精密小测定器cali brati on 校准cal ipergauge卡规check gaug e 校对规cle aranc e gau ge 间隙规cl inore tee 测斜仪c ompar ator比测仪cylin der s quare圆筒直尺dep th ga uge 测深规d ial i ndica tor 针盘指示表dial snap gaug e 卡规digi tal m icrom eter数位式测微计fe elergauge测隙规gaug e pla te 量规定位板heigh t gau ge 测高规in sidecalip ers 内卡钳i nside micr omete r 内分??卡i nterf erome ter 干涉仪l eveli ng bl ock 平台li mit g auge限规m icrom eter测微计mil 千分之一寸mono meter压力计mors e tap er ga uge 莫氏锥度量规non ius 游标卡尺optic al fl at 光学平晶o ptica l par allel光学平行pas simet er 内径仪po sitio n sca le 位置刻度p rofil e pro jecto r 轮廓光学投影仪prot racto r 分角器rad ius 半径ri ng ga uge 环规si ne ba r 正弦量规sn ap ga uge 卡模sq uaremaste r 直角尺sty lus 触针te lesco pic g auge伸缩性量规wor kinggauge工作量规Ris ersR isers aredesig ned a nd pl acedso as to e nsure fill ing t he ca vitydurin g sol idifi catio n.Th ey al so ac t torelie ve ga s pre ssure in t he mo ld an d toreduc e pre ssure on t he li ftingsurf acesof th e mol d.Th e vol ume o f met al in theriser shou ld be suff icien t toretai n hea t lon g eno ugh t o fee dthe shri nkage cavi ty an d toequal ize t he te mpera turein th e mol d, av oidin g cas tingstrai ns.The r iserrequi remen ts va ry wi th th e typ e ofmetal bein g pou red.Graycastiron, forexamp le, n eedslessfeedi ng th an so me al loysbecau se aperio d ofgraph itiza tionoccur s dur ing t he fi nal s tages of s olidi ficat ion,which caus es an expa nsion that tend s tocount eract themetal shri nkage.Man y non ferro us me talsrequi re el abora te fe eding that tend s tocount eract thecasti ng.T wo ri ser d esign s for thesamecasti ng ar e sho wn in Fig.7-4.Rise rs ar e pla ced n ear t he he avy s ectio ns of thecasti ng. The f eed m etalmustbe lo cated abov e the high est p ointof th e poi nt of thecasti ng.Chill Bloc ksCh ill b locks aremetal bloc ks pl acedin th e mol d for loca lized heat diss ipati on.T hey m ay be plac ed at an i nters ectio n orjoint wher e the re is a co mpara tivel y lar gevo lumeof me tal t o coo l, th us re lievi ng ahot s pot o r mai ntain ing a more unif orm c oolin g rat e and bett er mi crost ructu re.T hey m ay al so be plac ed at farsurfa ce of a mo ld, a way f rom a rise r orsprue.Thi s wil l hel p the farend o f the mold to f reeze rapi dly,promo tingdirec tiona lsol idifi catio n.Ch ill b locks arealsousedat po intswhere it i s des ignab le to have loca lized hard ening, asin th e cas e ofbeari ngs o r wea r sur faces.Pa ddingPadd ing c onsis ts of addi ng to or b uildi ng up a se ction to o btain adeq uatefeedi ng ofisol atedsecti ons.Fig.7-4sho wed t wo me thods of f eedin g the cent ral a nd ou tside boss .Sho wn at (b)is th e pla n ofusing tworiser s and at (c) on e ris er wi th apad.The s econd plan prov idesa yie ld of 45%of th e met al po ured, comp aredto 30% whe n two rise rs ar e use d. Th e fee dingdista nce t o the cent ral h ub is 4.5t, whe re t= thethick nessof th e fee d pat h. By ruleof t humb, thetotal thic kness of p ad an d cas ting(at t he pa d loc ation) sho uld n ot be less than one-fifth of t he me tal-f eedin g dis tance. Thi s rul e isnot a bsolu te bu ta g ood g enera lizat ion.冒口冒口的设计及放置等，以确保加油站腔凝固过程。
机械专业 的英语
机械专业的英语Title: Mechanical Engineering: A Comprehensive Overview Mechanical engineering is a multidisciplinary field that integrates principles of physics, mathematics, and material science to design, analyze, and manufacture mechanical systems. From the smallest micro-scale devices to large-scale industrial machinery, mechanical engineers play a pivotalrole in shaping the modern world. In this comprehensive overview, we delve into various aspects of mechanical engineering, including its history, fundamental principles, key subfields, applications, and future prospects.**History of Mechanical Engineering:**Mechanical engineering has roots dating back to ancient civilizations, where early humans developed rudimentary tools and machines to aid in tasks such as agriculture and transportation. However, the formalization of mechanicalengineering as a distinct discipline emerged during the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. Innovations such as the steam engine, textile machinery, and the development of precision manufacturing techniques propelled the field forward, laying the groundwork for modern mechanical engineering practices.**Fundamental Principles:**At the core of mechanical engineering are fundamental principles derived from physics and mathematics. These principles include mechanics, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, and materials science. Mechanics deals with the behavior of solid bodies and structures under various loads and conditions, while thermodynamics governs the transfer of energy and heat in mechanical systems. Fluid dynamics focuses on the behavior of fluids (liquids and gases), and materials science explores the properties and behavior of engineering materials such as metals, polymers, and composites.**Key Subfields:**Mechanical engineering encompasses a diverse range of subfields, each specializing in different aspects of mechanical systems. Some key subfields include:1. **Mechatronics:** Combines mechanical engineering with electronics and computer science to design and control advanced systems such as robotics and automated manufacturing equipment.2. **Automotive Engineering:** Focuses on the design, development, and manufacturing of vehicles and their components, including engines, transmissions, and chassis systems.3. **Aerospace Engineering:** Involves the design and development of aircraft, spacecraft, and related systems, including aerodynamics, propulsion, and avionics.4. **Energy Systems:** Addresses the generation, conversion, and utilization of energy in various forms, including renewable energy technologies, power generation, and energy storage systems.5. **Manufacturing Engineering:** Focuses on optimizing manufacturing processes and systems for efficiency, quality, and cost-effectiveness, including techniques such as machining, casting, and additive manufacturing (3D printing).**Applications:**Mechanical engineering finds applications across numerous industries, driving innovation and technological advancement. Some notable applications include:1. **Transportation:** Designing and manufacturing vehicles, aircraft, and ships for transportation of goods and people.2. **Energy Production:** Developing renewable energy technologies such as wind turbines, solar panels, and hydroelectric systems, as well as traditional power generation methods.3. **Biomedical Engineering:** Creating medical devices and equipment, prosthetics, and biomedical implants to improve healthcare outcomes.4. **Manufacturing:** Optimizing production processes in industries such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, and consumer goods.5. **Infrastructure:** Designing and maintaining infrastructure systems such as bridges, tunnels, and buildings to ensure safety and durability.**Future Prospects:**The future of mechanical engineering is marked by rapid technological advancements and evolving global challenges.Emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and sustainable design are reshaping the landscape of mechanical engineering. Engineers are increasingly focused on developing eco-friendly technologies, improving energy efficiency, and addressing issues such as climate change and resource scarcity. With the rise of digitalization and Industry 4.0, mechanical engineers are leveraging data analytics, simulation tools, and automation to optimize design processes and enhance product performance.In conclusion, mechanical engineering is a dynamic and interdisciplinary field that continues to drive innovation and shape the world we live in. From pioneering new technologies to solving complex engineering challenges, mechanical engineers play a crucial role in advancing society and improving quality of life for people around the globe.。
机械专业英语试题及答案
精品文档机械工程专业英语课程考试方式（□闭卷□开卷）课程性质（□必修□限选□任选）一、选择题分，115小题，每小题（在每题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共分）总计15planar undergoes the system linkage move in parallel planes 1. If all points in a.motion and the linkage may be described as aD. slide B. planar linkage C. joints A. planar motion sometimes are Though 2. frame material and design should handle damping, built into frame sections to handle specific problems.D. screwC. dampers A .beams B. holesThe maximum allowable deflection of a shaft ______ determined by critical speed, 3. gear, or bearing requirements.D. is usually C. was B. must A. oftenmore generate solutions as we to _____ to better and better 4. We will have information.D. try ways B. iterating C. iterate A. repeat many timesdetermine to then examined configuration is _______ specified and 5. If a product whether the performance requirements are met.D. have beenC. temporary B. tentatively A. finallyManufacturing can be defined as the _____ of raw materials into useful products 6. through the use of the easiest and lest-expensive methods.D. transformingC. process B. processing A. transformation7. The planer and knee types of milling machine is _____ because of its flexibility.B. most popular A. used most commonlyD. most powerfulC. the most commonly usedforce _____ frequency of the vibrate result, the system will at the 8. As a regardless of the initial conditions or natural frequency of the system.D. actC. out B. excitation A. actionthe between the relationship components are assembled together, Before 9. two dimensions of the mating surfaces_______.should printed clearlyB. A. must be giving outC. must be specifiedD. should be clearly noted10. The main practical advantage of lower pairs is their better ability to trap lubricant between their ______ surfaces.D. outsideA. envelopingB. matingC. outer11. The word______ itself usually refers to the deterioration of metals and ceramics, while similar phenomena in plastics generally called ______.A. recrystallization…. corrosionB. recrystallization…degradation精品文档．精品文档D. corrosion…degradation C. degradation…corrosion12. Most frames _______ cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete.B. are made up ofA. are made fromD. was consist ofC. was produced by13. Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designed to avoid operationspeeds.atD. hollow C. critical B .overload A . low.14. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires aD. patentC. mold B. model A. patternis used to describe joints with surface contact, as with a pin surrounded by a hole.15. The termD. rotary pair C. surface pair B. low pair A. high pair15分）二、完型填空（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计The term shaft usually refers to a relatively long member of round cross section that rotates andtransmits power. One or more members such as gears, sprockets, pulleys, and cams are usually (16)to the shaft by means of pins, keys, splines, snap rings, and other devices. These latter members areamong the “associated parts”considered in this text, as are couplings and universal joint, which servethe shaft to the source of power or load.to (17)A shaft can have a noround cross section, ant it need not necessarily rotate. It can be stationary anda rotating member, such as the short shafts that support the nondriving wheels of an serve to (18)(20) depending on automobile. The shafts supporting(19) gears can be either rotating or stationarythe gear is attached to the shaft or supported by it through bearings.of shafts can be subjected to various combinations axial, bending, and(21) that It isapparentloads, and that these loads may be static or fluctuating. Typically, a rotating shaft transmitting power isreversed a completely together a mean torsional stress) with a (22) to constant torque (producingbending load (producing an alternating bending stress).requirements, shafts must be designed so that deflections are within In addition to satisfying (23)cause (25) deflection acceptable limits. Excessive (24) shafts can hamper gear performance andbearings(either noise. The associated angular deflection can no-self- aligning be very destructive tomechanism. gear driven cam the can affect accuracy of a or or plain rolling). (26) deflectioncorresponding lower the (27) or the Furthermore, the greater flexibility -either lateral torsional-thespeed.100 试卷总分分钟120 考试时间考生注意：分页5 共1 第页精品文档．精品文档Sometimes members like gears and cams are made (28) with shaft, but moreoften such members (which also include pulleys, sprockets, etc)are made separately and then(29) shaft. The portion of the mounted member in contactwith the shaft is the hub. Attachment of the hub to the shaft is made invariety ofways. A gear can be gripped (30) between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key. The grooves in the shaft and hub intowhich the key fits are called keyways.班级attached C) connected B) D) concrete 16、A) cement connect D) C) serve 17、A) endure B) transmitsupport B) meet C) satisfy 18、A) D) strong 学号idler C) terminal 19、A) aims B) D) tomb装whether C) D) for20、A) due to B) weather torsional C) inertia 21、A) elasticity B) D) accelerationsubjected B)…connect C) and 、A) D) From22姓名strength C) clearly understand 23、A) deeply B) D) long time lateral D) C) round 24、A) identify B) cross objectionable C) attractable B) D) terrible 25、A) lucrativeTorsional D) Movement C) 26、A) Moment B)Tormentcritical C) first B) D) important 27、A) highintegral C) D) simplification 、A) work B) idealization 28 mounted onto B) refers C) referring to 29、A) D) indicatesaxially D) 30、A) deformations B) bending limits C) laternal 订三、阅读理解（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，填在题头的表中）（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，总计40分）Text 1Engineering design is a systematic process by which solution to the needs of humankind are obtained .The process is applied to problems(needs) of varying complexity .For example, mechanical engineers will use the design process to find an effective, efficient method to convert reciprocating motion to circular motion for the drive train in an intnternal combustion engine; electrical engineers will use the process to design electrical generating systems using falling wateras the power source; and materials engineers use the process to design ablative materials whichenable astronauts to safely reenter the earth's atmosphere.线The vast majority of complex problems in today's high technology society depend for solutionnot on a single engineering discipline, but on teams of engineers, scientists, environmentalists, economists, sociologists, and legal personnel. Solutions are not only dependent regulations and political influence. As engineers we are empowered with the technical expertise to develop new and improved products and systems, but at the same time we must be increasingly aware of the impactof our actions on society and the environment in general and work conscientiously toward the best solution in view of all relevant factors.Design is the culmination of engineering educational process; it is the salient feature thatdistinguishes engineering design is found in the curriculum guidelines of the Accreditation Boardfor Engineering and Technology(ABET).ABET accredits curricula in engineering schools andderives its membership from the various engineering professional societies. Each accredited curriculum has a well-defined design component which falls within the ABET statement on design精品文档．精品文档read as follows.Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is decision makingprocess(often iterative),in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resourcesoptimally to meet a sated objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction ,testing, and evaluation. The engineeringdesign component of a curriculum must include most of the following features : development of student creativity, use ofopen-ended problem statement and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statementand specification, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production process, concurrent engineeringdesign, and detailed system descriptions. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economicfactors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.31、what's the main meaning of message (1)?A) Engineering design is a systematic process B) materials engineer's main workC) mechanical engineer's has good idea D) electrical engineer' main duty32、In the author's opinion, the design process is very complex and should taken into account many factors, from themessage who should NOT join into the design team _______.A) environmentalists,B) sociologistsC) engineersD) Government officials33、From the message, we can know the meaning of words “ABET”(at line third paragraph) is _____.A) a set of accredits standardB) a kind of design methodC) a department of US government which responsible for engineering designD) A set of law34、It can be concluded from the passage that in the exercise and training of student, which character of the following isNOT included in the curriculum ______.A) creativityB) new materialC) ethicsD) economic factors35、The title of the message is ______.A) the roles of engineers in manufacturingB) the importance of mechanical designC) engineering designD) The process of machine designTEXT 2Working drawings are the complete set of standardized drawings specifying the manufacture and assembly of a productbased on its design. The complexity of the design determines the number and types of drawings. Working drawings may be onmore than one sheet and may contain written instructions called specifications.Working drawings are blueprints used for manufacturing products. Therefore, the set of drawings must:(a) completelydescribe the parts, both visually and dimensionally;(b)show the parts in assembly;(3)identify all the parts; and (4)specifystandard parts. The graphics and text information must be sufficiently complete and accurate to manufacture and assemble theproduct without error.共5 页第 2 页精品文档．精品文档Generally, a complete set of Working drawings for an assembly includes:(1) Detail drawings of each nonstandard parts.(2) An assembly or subassembly drawing showing all the standard and nonstandard parts in a single drawing.(3) A bill of materials (BOM). (4) A title block.A detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single part, describing the part's shape, size, material, and surface roughness, in sufficient detail for the part to be manufacturedbased on the drawing alone. Detail drawings are produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models. They adhere strictly to ANSI standards and the standard for the specific company, for dimensioning, assigning part numbers, notes, tolerances, etc. In an assembly, standard parts such as threaded fasteners and bearings are not drawn as details, but are shown in the assembly view. Standard parts are not drawn as details because they are normally purchased, not manufactured, for assembly.For large assemblies or assembled with large parts, details are drawn on multiple sheets, and a separate sheet is used for the assembly view. If the assembly is simple or the parts are small, detaildrawings for each part of an assembly can be placed on a single sheet.Multiple details on a sheet are usually drawn at the same scale. If different scales are used,they are clearly marked under each detail. Also, when more than one detail is placed on a sheet, the spacing between details is carefully planned, including leaving sufficient room for dimensions and notes.36. Based on the message, which of the follow is wrong?订A) standard parts needn't drawn as detailsB) for simple parts, sometimes needn't to draw the detail working drawingC) for large assemblies details may drawn on multiple sheetsD) If different scales used in a single sheet, they should clearly marked under each detail37. Working drawings for an assembly MAY NOT includes: ?A) BOM B) title blockC) An assembly or subassembly drawing D) Detail drawings of all parts.38. For detail drawing, Which one of the following statement is not true ?A) should not has different scalesB) Detail drawing can produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computermodels.线C) detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single partD) should Adhere strictly to ANSI standards39. From the message we can infer ANSI is ?A) a set of law B) a set of notificationC) an Organization D) IEEE government40. The topic of the message is ?A) How to design working drawings.B) working drawing's character and the key influence of how to draw a working drawingC) In the design process, what should be considered?What is working drawing D)精品文档．精品文档TEXT 3One principle aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subjects' mechanicalparts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations, which those will create onthe parts. Since, for most earthbound mechanical systems, the mass remains essentially constant with time,defining the accelerations as a function of time then also defines the dynamic forces as a function of time.Stresses, in turn, will be a function of both applied and inertial (ma) forces. Since engineering design ischarged with creating systems which will not fail during their expected service life, the goal is to keepstresses within acceptable limits for the materials chosen and the environmental conditions encountered. Thisobviously requires that all system forces be defined and kept within desired limits. In machinery, the largestforces encountered are often those due to the dynamics of the machine itself. These dynamic forces areproportional to acceleration, which brings us back to kinematics, the foundation of mechanical design. Verybasic and early decision in the design process involving kinematic principles can be crucial to the success ofany mechanical design; a design which has poor kinematics will prove troublesome and perform badly.Any mechanical system can be classified according to the number of degree of freedom (DOF) which itprocesses. The system's DOF is equal to the number of independent parameters which are needed touniquely define its position in space at any instant of time.A rigid body free to move within a reference frame will, in the general case, has complex motion, whichis a simultaneous combination of rotation and translation. In three-dimensional space, there may be rotationabout any axis and also simultaneous translation which can be resolved into components along three axes. Ina plane, or two-dimensional space, complex motion becomes a combination of simultaneous rotation aboutone axis (perpendicular to the plane) and also translation resolved into components along two axes in theplane41、Kinematics research focus on the following EXCEPT ______..A) accelerations B) forceC) positions, D) velocities42、From the passage that for the design engineer the first and most important is____A) the service life of a machine B) the materials chooseC) the degree of freedom D) kinematic principles43、An mechanical system has uniquely defined position in space at any instant of time that ___.A) It should has one DOFB) It should Has two DOFC) the DOF and the number of independent parameters should equalD) It should has any DOF as want44、which one of the following is NOT TRUE _______?.A) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may rotation about any axisB) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space is a simultaneous combination of rotationand translationC) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space can be resolved into components alongthree axesD) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may has complex motion45、The best title for this passage would be _______.A) kinematics B) dynamicsC) kinematics and dynamic D) the important of kinematics共5 页第 3 页精品文档．精品文档四、英译汉（共20分）1．将下列英语句子译成汉语（共5小题，每小题2分）A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of ）1（a real machine member.Foundations should ensure the machine's stiffness; shock absorption and isolation ）（2are secondary considerations.cyclical or spring a mechanical component such as a is subjected to repetitive Thus, (3)if large after a strength, of applications stress levels much lower than the ultimate it will fracture number of repetitions of this stress.Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, i.e., able to replace each 4）（other, whether during assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with ）（5torque being transmitted through a key.分）、将下段英语翻译成汉语（102As we look around us we see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we 订have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are easeto use. Ideally , however, every such item has been designed according to some set of “functional the answer to been that designers—is, it hs designed so as perceived requirements”as by themajor engineering, the world In it “exactly question, what function should perform?”the of function frequently is to support some type of loading due to weight, inertia , pressure, etc.五、英译汉（共20分）1、将下列分）25小题，每小题句子译成英语（共一个或多个诸如齿轮，链轮，皮带轮和凸轮等类的构件通常借助于销、键、）（1 线花键、卡环或其它装置连接到轴上。
[新版]机械工程专业英语教程（第2版）[施平主编][翻译]_lesson12
![[新版]机械工程专业英语教程（第2版）[施平主编][翻译]_lesson12](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/62824efc18e8b8f67c1cfad6195f312b3169eb4d.png)
Spur GearsGears , defined as toothed members transmitting rotary motion from one shaft to another , are among the oldest devices and inventions of man . In about 2600 B.C. , the Chinese are known to have used a chariot incorporating a complex series of gears . Aristotle , in the fourth century B.C. , wrote of gears as if they were commonplace . In the fifteenth century A.D. , Leonardo da Vinci designed a multitude of devices incorporating many kinds of gears .齿轮，在最古老的设备和发明人中，被定义为通过轮齿将旋转运动从一根轴传递到另一根轴，大约在公元前2600年，中国人就知道用战车组成一系列复杂的齿轮系。
西元前四世纪，亚里士多德记述了齿轮就好像是他们司空见惯的一样。
在十五世纪，达芬奇设计了大量的包含各种各样齿轮的设备。
Among the various means of mechanical power transmission (including primarily gears , belts , and chains ) , gears are generally the most rugged and durable . Their power transmission efficiency is as high as 98 percent . On the other hand , gears are usually more costly than chains and belts . As would be expected , gear manufacturing costs increase sharply with increased precision -- as required for the combination of high speeds and heavy loads , and for low noise levels . ( Standard tolerances for various degrees of manufacturing precision have been established by the AGMA , American Gear Manufacturers Association. )在众多的机械传动方式中（包括齿轮传动，带传动，链传动），一般来说，齿轮是最经久耐用的，它的能量传递效率高达98%。
机械专业考研英语试题及答案
机械专业考研英语试题及答案机械专业考研英语模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices printed, A, B, C and D, and decide which one would be the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation 1W: I'm really tired of all this paperwork. Do you think we could use a computer to do it?M: Yes, I think it would be a great help.Questions:1. What does the woman imply?A. She is not good at typing.B. She is tired of using the computer.C. She is bored with the paperwork.D. She wants to get rid of the computer.2. How does the man react to the woman's suggestion?A. He agrees with her.B. He disagrees with her.C. He has no opinion.D. He has no idea about it.Conversation 2...Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages, and you will be asked 3 questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read once, but the questions will be spoken twice. After you hear a question, read the four choices printed, A, B, C and D, and decide which one would be the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1[Passage will be about a new development in mechanical engineering.]Questions:1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The history of mechanical engineering.B. A recent breakthrough in mechanical engineering.C. The challenges faced by mechanical engineers.D. The future of mechanical engineering.2. What does the speaker think about the new development?A. It is controversial.B. It is promising.C. It is expensive.D. It is unnecessary....Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section ADirections: Read the following passage. After reading it, you are required to complete the statements that follow by choosing the correct answer from the four choices provided A, B, C, and D. Mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1The field of mechanical engineering has seen significant advancements in recent years, largely due to the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies. These technologies have revolutionized the way engineers design and manufacturemechanical components, leading to increased efficiency and precision.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of mechanical engineering.B. The impact of CAD and CAM on mechanical engineering.C. The challenges faced by mechanical engineers.D. The future of mechanical engineering.2. According to the passage, what have CAD and CAM technologies contributed to?A. Cost reduction in manufacturing.B. Increased efficiency and precision in design and manufacturing.C. A decrease in the need for skilled engineers.D. A shift towards manual design methods....Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Section ADirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, choose the appropriate answer from the four choices given. Then, mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.PassageThe development of modern machinery has been greatlyinfluenced by the availability of new materials and the application of advanced technologies. For instance, the use of high-strength alloys has allowed engineers to design components that are both lighter and stronger, which has significantly improved the performance of mechanical systems.1. The new materials have led to components that are _______.A. heavierB. lighterC. more expensiveD. less efficient2. The performance of mechanical systems has been _______.A. reducedB. improvedC. unchangedD. compromised...Part IV Writing (20 points)Section ADirections: Write an essay of about 200 words based on the following picture. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of continuous learning in the field of mechanical engineering.Picture[A picture showing an engineer working on a computer with a background of various mechanical components and a book titled "Advanced Mechanical Engineering" open beside him.]Sample EssayThe picture vividly depicts an engineer deeply engrossed in his work。
机械专业英语试题及答案
机械专业英语试题及答案12. Most frames _______ cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete.A. are made fromB. are made up ofC. was produced byD. was consist of13. Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designed to avoidoperationat speeds.A . lowB .overload C. critical D. hollow14. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires a .A. patternB. modelC. moldD. patent15. The term is used to describe joints with surface contact, as with a pin surrounded by a hole.A. high pairB. low pairC. surface pairD. rotary pair⼆、完型填空（在每个⼩题四个备选答案中选出⼀个正确答案，本⼤题共15⼩题，每⼩题1分，总计15分）The term shaft usually refers to a relatively long member of round cross section that rotates and transmits power. One or more members such as gears, sprockets, pulleys, and cams are usually (16) to the shaft by means of pins, keys, splines, snap rings,a nd other devices. These latter members are among the “associated parts” consideredin this text, as are couplings and universal joint, which serve to (17) the shaft to the source of power or load.A shaft can have a noround cross section, ant it need not necessarily rotate. It canbe stationary and serve to (18) a rotating member, such as the short shafts that support the nondriving wheels of an automobile. The shafts supporting(19) gears can be either rotating or stationary depending on (20) the gear is attached to the shaft or supported by it through bearings.It is apparent that shafts can be subjected to various combinations of axial, bending, and(21) loads, and that these loads may be static or fluctuating. Typically,a rotating shaft transmitting power is (22) to a constant torque (producing a meantorsional stress) together with a completely reversed bending load (producing an alternating bending stress).In addition to satisfying (23) requirements, shafts must be designed so that deflections are within acceptable limits. Excessive (24) shafts deflection can hamper gear performance and cause (25) noise. The associated angular deflection can be very destructive to no-self- aligning bearings(either plain or rolling). (26) deflection can affect the accuracy of a cam or gear driven mechanism. Furthermore, the greater the flexibility -either lateral or torsional-the lower the corresponding (27) speed.考⽣注意：考试时间 120 分钟试卷总分 100 分共 5 页第 1 页Sometimes members like gears and cams are made (28) with shaft, but more often such members (which also include pulleys, sprockets, etc)are made separately and then(29) shaft. The portion of the mounted member in contact with the shaft is the hub. Attachment of the hub to the shaftis made in variety of ways. A gear can be gripped (30) between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key. The grooves in the shaft and hub into which the key fits are called keyways.16、 A) cement B) attached C) connected D) concrete17、 A) endure B) transmit C) serve D) connect18、 A) support B) meet C) satisfy D) strong19、 A) aims B) idler C) terminal D) tomb20、 A) due to B) weather C) whether D) for21、 A) elasticity B) torsional C) inertia D) acceleration22、 A) subjected B)…connect C) and D) From23、 A) deeply B) strength C) clearly understand D) long time24、 A) identify B) cross C) round D) lateral25、A) lucrative B) objectionable C) attractable D)terrible26、 A) Moment B)Torment C) Torsional D) Movement27、 A) high B) critical C) first D) important28、A) work B) idealization C) integral D)simplification29、 A) mounted onto B) refers C) referring to D) indicates30、 A) deformations B) bending limits C) laternal D) axially三、阅读理解（在每个⼩题四个备选答案中选出⼀个正确答案，填在题头的表中）（本⼤题共20⼩题，每⼩题2分，总计40分）Text 1Engineering design is a systematic process by which solution to the needs of humankind are obtained .The process is applied to problems(needs) of varying complexity .For example, mechanical engineers will use the design process to find an effective, efficient method to convert reciprocating motion to circular motion for the drive train in an intnternal combustion engine; electrical engineers will use the process to design electrical generating systems using falling water as the power source; and materials engineers use the process to design ablative materials which enable astrona uts to safely reenter the earth’s atmosphere.The vast majority of complex problems in today’s high technology society depend for solution not on a single engineering discipline, but on teams of engineers, scientists, environmentalists, economists, sociologists, and legal personnel. Solutions are not only dependent regulations and political influence. As engineers we are empowered with the technical expertise to develop new and improved products and systems, but at the same time we must be increasingly aware of the impact of our actions on society and the environment in general and work conscientiously toward the best solution in view of all relevant factors.Design is the culmination of engineering educational process; it is the salient feature that distinguishes engineering design is found in the curriculum guidelines of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology(ABET).ABET accredits curricula in engineering schools and derives its membership from the various engineering professional societies. Each accredited curriculum has a well-defined design component which falls within the ABET statement on design订线read as follows.Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is decision making process(often iterative),in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resources optimally to meet a sated objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis, construction ,testing, and evaluation. The engineering design component of a curriculum must include most of the following features : development of student creativity, use of open-ended problem statement and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statement and specification, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production process, concurrent engineering design, and detailed system descriptions. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, and social impact.31、what’s the main meaning of message (1)A) Engineering design is a systematic process B) materials engineer’s main workC) mechanical engineer’s has good idea D) electrical engineer’ main duty32、In the author’s opinion, the design process is very complex and should taken into account manyfactors, from the message who should NOT join into the design team _______.A) environmentalists,B) sociologistsC) engineersD) Government officials33、From the message, we can know the meaning of words “ABET”(at line third paragraph) is _____.A) a set of accredits standardB) a kind of design methodC) a department of US government which responsible for engineering designD) A set of law34、It can be concluded from the passage that in the exercise and training of student, which characterof the following is NOT included in the curriculum ______.A) creativityB) new materialC) ethicsD) economic factors35、The title of the message is ______.A) the roles of engineers in manufacturingB) the importance of mechanical designC) engineering designD) The process of machine designTEXT 2Working drawings are the complete set of standardized drawings specifying the manufacture and assembly of a product based on its design. The complexity of the design determines the number and types of drawings. Working drawings may be on more than one sheet and may contain written instructions called specifications. Working drawings are blueprints used for manufacturing products. Therefore, the set of drawings must:(a) completely describe the parts, both visually and dimensionally;(b)show the parts in assembly;(3)identify all the parts; and (4)specify standard parts. The graphics and text information must be sufficiently complete and accurate to manufacture and assemble the product without error.共 5 页第 2 页(1) Detail drawings of each nonstandard parts.(2) An assembly or subassembly drawing showing all the standard and nonstandard parts in a single drawing.(3) A bill of materials (BOM).(4) A title block.A detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single part, describingthe part’s shape, size, material, and surface roughness, in sufficient detail forthe part to be manufactured based on the drawing alone. Detail drawings are produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models. They adhere strictly to ANSI standards and the standard for the specific company, for dimensioning, assigning part numbers, notes, tolerances, etc.In an assembly, standard parts such as threaded fasteners and bearings are not drawn as details, but are shown in the assembly view. Standard parts are not drawn as details because they are normally purchased, not manufactured, for assembly.For large assemblies or assembled with large parts, details are drawn on multiple sheets, and a separate sheet is used for the assembly view. If the assembly is simple or the parts are small, detail drawings for each part of an assembly can be placedon a single sheet.Multiple details on a sheet are usually drawn at the same scale. If differentscales are used, they are clearly marked under each detail. Also, when more than one detail is placed on a sheet, the spacing between details is carefully planned, including leaving sufficient room for dimensions and notes.36. Based on the message, which of the follow is wrongA) standard parts needn’t drawn as detailsB) for simple parts, sometimes needn’t to draw the detail working drawingC) for large assemblies details may drawn on multiple sheetsD) If different scales used in a single sheet, they should clearly marked undereach detail37. Working drawings for an assembly MAY NOT includes:A) BOM B) title blockC) An assembly or subassembly drawing D) Detail drawings of all parts.38. For detail drawing, Which one of the following statement is not trueA) should not has different scalesB) Detail drawing can produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models.C) detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single partD) should Adhere strictly to ANSI standards39. From the message we can infer ANSI isA) a set of law B) a set of notificationC) an Organization D) IEEE government40. The topic of the message isA) How to design working drawings.B) working drawing’s character and the key influence of how to draw a workingdrawingC) In the design process, what should be consideredD) What is working drawingTEXT 3One principle aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subjects’ mechanical parts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations, which those will create on the parts. Since, for most earthbound mechanical systems, the mass remains essentially constant with time, defining the accelerations as a function of time then also defines the dynamic forces as a function of time. Stresses, in turn, will be a function of both applied and inertial (ma) forces. Since engineering design is charged with creating systems which will not fail during their expected service life, the goal is to keep stresses within acceptable limits for the materials chosen and the environmental conditions encountered. This obviously requires that all system forces be defined and kept within desired limits. In machinery, the largest forces encountered are often those due to the dynamics of the machine itself. These dynamic forces are proportional to acceleration, which brings us back to kinematics, the foundation of mechanical design. Very basic and early decision in the design process involving kinematic principles can be crucial to the success of any mechanical design; a design which has poor kinematics will prove troublesome and perform badly.Any mechanical system can be classified according to the number of degree of freedom (DOF) which it processes. The system’s DOF is equal to the number of independent parameters which are needed to uniquely define its position in space at any instant of time.A rigid body free to move within a reference frame will, in the general case, has complex motion, which is a simultaneous combination of rotation and translation. In three-dimensional space, there may be rotation about any axis and also simultaneous translation which can be resolved into components along three axes. In a plane, or two-dimensional space, complex motion becomes a combination of simultaneous rotation about one axis (perpendicular to the plane) and also translation resolved into components along two axes in the plane41、Kinematics research focus on the following EXCEPT ______..A) accelerations B) forceC) positions, D) velocities42、From the passage that for the design engineer the first and most important is____A) the service life of a machine B) the materials chooseC) the degree of freedom D) kinematic principles43、An mechanical system has uniquely defined position in space at any instant of time that ___.A) It should has one DOFB) It should Has two DOFC) the DOF and the number of independent parameters should equalD) It should has any DOF as want44、 which one of the following is NOT TRUE _______.A) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may rotation about any axisB) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space is a simultaneous combinationof rotation and translationC) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space can be resolved into componentsalong three axesD) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may has complex motion45、The best title for this passage would be _______.A) kinematics B) dynamicsC) kinematics and dynamic D) the important of kinematics共 5 页第 3 页1．将下列英语句⼦译成汉语（共5⼩题，每⼩题2分）（1）A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of a real machine member.（2）Foundations should ensure the machine’s stiffness; shock absorption and isolation are secondary considerations. (3)Thus, if a mechanical component such as a spring is subjected to repetitive or cyclical applications of stress levels much lower than the ultimate strength, it will fracture after a large number of repetitions of this stress.（4）Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, ., able to replace each other, whether during assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.（5）A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft and a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key.2、将下段英语翻译成汉语（10分）As we look around us we see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are ease to use. Ideally , however, every such item has been designed according to some set of “functional requirements” as perceived by the designers—that is, it hs been designed so as to answer the question, “exactly what function should it perform” In the world of engineering, the major function frequently is to support some type of loading due to weight, inertia , pressure, etc.五、英译汉（共20分）1、将下列句⼦译成英语（共5⼩题，每⼩题2分）（1）⼀个或多个诸如齿轮，链轮，⽪带轮和凸轮等类的构件通常借助于销、键、花键、卡环或其它装置连接到轴上。
机械工程学专业词汇英语翻译（C）2
compressive bar 压杆 compressive bending bar 压弯杆 compressive deformation 压缩变形 compressive force 压缩⼒ compressive load 压缩载荷 compressive resultant 压缩合⼒ compressive strain 压缩变形 compressive stress 压缩应⼒ compressive yield point 抗压屈服点 compressor power 压⽓机功率 computation 计算 computational dynamics 计算动⼒学 computational fluid mechanics 计算铃⼒学 computational mechanics 计算⼒学 computational mistake 计算误差 computational scheme 计算图式 computational structural mechanics 计算结构⼒学 computer 计算机 computer aided design 计算机辅助设计 computer simulation 计算机模拟 computing element 运算元件 computing time 计算时间 concentrated constant 集中常数 concentrated couple 集中⼒偶 concentrated force 集中⼒ concentrated load 集中负载 concentrated vortex 集中涡旋 concentrated vorticity 集中涡旋 concentration 浓度 concentration dependent 浓度相关的 concentration difference 浓度差 concentration effect 浓度效应 concentration equation 浓度⽅程 concentration factor 集中系数 concentric 同⼼的 concept 概念 concurrent forces 汇交⼒ concussion of the ground 地⾯振动 condensate 冷凝物 condensation cavity 冷凝腔 condensation heat 凝结热 condensation level 凝聚⾼度 condensation point 凝聚点 condensation product 冷凝物 condensation rate 凝结速度 condensation shock 凝结激波 condensation theory 凝结理论 condensed fluid 冷凝液体 condensed matter 冷凝物质 condensed phase 凝聚相 condensed state 凝聚状态 condition for balance 平衡条件 condition of isentropy 等熵条件 conditional 有条件的 conditional equation 条件⽅程 conditional stability 条件稳定性 conditioning 第 conductivity 电导率 cone of shearing stress 切应⼒锥 configuration 构型 configuration change 配置改变 configurational partition function 位形配分函数 confinement 封闭 confocal paraboloidal coordinates 共焦抛物⾯坐标 conformal coordinates 保⾓坐标 conformal mapping 保⾓映射 congruent transformation 全等变换 conical flow 锥形怜 conical pendulum 锥摆 conical shell 锥壳 conical shock wave 锥形激波 coning 锥旋 conjugate 共轭的 conjugate axis 共轭轴 connecting rod 连结棒 connection 结合 conservation 守恒 conservation field 守恒场 conservation law 守恒定律 conservation of angular momentum ⾓动量守恒 conservation of energy and momentum 能量动量守恒 conservation of gyro axis 陀螺定轴性 conservation of mass 质量守恒 conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒 conservative force 保守⼒ conservative force field 保守⼒场 conservative motion 守恒运动 conservative system 守恒系 conserved quantity 守恒量 consistency 稠度 console 悬臂架 consolidation 固结 consolidation curve 固结曲线 consolidation pressure 固结压⼒ constant 常数 constant acceleration 均匀加速度 constant load 不变荷载 constant motion 匀速运动 constant of gravitation 重⼒常数 constant of inertia 惯性常数 constant pressure 恒定压强 constant pressure combustion 定压燃烧 constant speed airscrew 恒速螺旋桨 constant temperature combustion 恒温燃烧 constant velocity 等速度 constant volume combustion 定容燃烧 constant volume deformation 等积形变 constituent phase 构成相 constitution 结构 constitutional diagram 状态图 constitutionally stable 结构稳定的 constitutive equation 本构⽅程 constitutive function 态函数 constitutive property 结构性质 constrained body 约束物体 constrained distribution 约束分布 constrained material point 受约束质点 constrained motion 约束运动 constrained system 约束系统 constrained vibration 强迫振荡 constraining force 约束⼒ constraint 约束 constraint equation 约束⽅程 constraint factor 约束因数 constraint force 约束⼒ constraint hypersurface 约束超曲⾯ constraint independent of time 不变约束 constraint reaction 约束反⼒ constriction 颈缩 construction 结构 construction drawing 结构图 contact action 接触酌 contact angle 接触⾓ contact bank 触点排 contact equilibrium 接触平衡 contact force 触点⼒ contact friction 接触摩擦 contact load 接触负载 contact noise 接触噪声 contact plate 接触板 contact point 接触点 contact pressure 接触压⼒ contact problem 接触问题 contact resistance 接触阻抗 contact stress 接触应⼒ contact surface 接触⾯ contact transformation 接触变换 containment 封闭 content 含量 contingency 偶然性 continuity 连续性 continuity condition 连续条件 continuity equation 连续⽅程 continuity hypothesis 连续性假设 continuity theory 连续性理论 continuous 连续的 continuous beam 连续梁 continuous control 连续控制 continuous emission spectrum 连续发射谱 continuous excitation 连续激励 continuous flow 连续怜 continuous load 持续负载 continuous medium 连续介质 continuous model 连续模型 continuous motion 连续运动 continuous oscillation 连续振荡 continuous phase 连续相 continuous random variable 连续随机变量 continuous spectrum 连续谱 continuous system 连续系统 continuous transfer 连续转移 continuous transformation 连续变换 continuous transition 连续跃迁 continuous truss 连续桁架 continuous wave 连续波 continuous wave power 连续波功率 continuously deformable 可连续形变的 continuously differentiable 连续可微的 continuously operated 持续⼯啄 continuum 连续体 continuum boundary 连续边界 continuum damage mechanics 连续损伤⼒学 continuum flow 连续怜 continuum mechanics 连续介质⼒学 continuum system 连续介质系统 continuum theory 连续介质理论 contour 轮廓 contracted weir 收缩溢⽔⼝ contractibility 可缩性 contraction 收缩 contraction coefficient 收缩系数 contraction crack 收缩裂纹 contraction hypothesis 收缩假设 contraction of area 断⾯收缩 contraction of cross section 横截⾯收缩 contraction of jet 射琳缩 contraction of solidification 凝固收缩 contraction pressure 收缩压强 contraction ratio 收缩⽐ contraction stress 收缩应⼒ contraflow 逆流 contrail 航迹云 contrast of motion 运动对⽐ contravariance 反变性 contravariant component 逆变分量 contravariant coordinate 反变坐标 contravariant metric tensor 逆变度量张量 contravariant tensor 逆变张量 contravariant vector 逆变⽮量 control 控制 control characteristic 控制特性 control mechanism 控制机构 control system 控制系统 control theory 控制理论 control valve 控制阀 controlled variable 第量 convected coordinates 迁移坐标 convection 对流 convection diffusion 对俩散 convection heat transfer coefficient 对莲热系数 convection heating 对劣热 convection potential 对疗 convection vector 对粮量 conversion 转换 coordinate axis 座标轴 coordinate line 坐标线 coordinate plane 坐标平⾯ coordinate system 坐标系 coordinates 坐标 coordinates of the elliptic cylinder 椭圆柱坐标 coordination shell 配位壳层 coplanar forces 共⾯⼒ coplanar system 共⾯系 core core collision 核芯核芯碰撞 core fracture 芯裂 core moment 核矩 core of the flow 了 core of the section 截⾯中⼼ core velocity 了速度 coriolis acceleration 科⾥奥利加速度 coriolis coupling 科⾥奥利耦合 coriolis effect 科⾥奥利效应 coriolis force 科⾥奥利⼒ coriolis interaction 科⾥奥利相互酌 coriolis parameter 科⾥奥利参数 coriolis perturbation 科⾥奥利摄动 coriolis theorem 科⾥奥利定理 corner crack ⾓裂 corpuscular stream 粒⼦流 correction 修正 correction for edge effect 边缘效应校正 correction term 校正项 correction value 改正值 correlation curve 相关曲线 correlation ellipse 相关椭圆 correlation energy 相关能量 correlation frequency 相关频率 correlation function 相关函数 correlation ratio 相关⽐ correlation tensor 相关张量 corresponding states 对应态 corrosion 腐蚀 corrosion fatigue 腐蚀疲劳 corrosion resistance 耐蚀性 corrosive action 腐蚀酌 corrugated plate 波纹板 corrugated sandwich 波纹夹层板 corrugated sheet 波纹板 corrugated surface 皱褶⾯ corrugated tube 波纹管 cosecant 佘割 cosine 余弦 cosine amplitude 幅⾓余弦 cosine law 余弦定律 cosinusoid 余弦曲线 cosmic gasdynamics 宇宙⽓体动⼒学 cosmic magnetohydrodynamics 宇宙磁铃⼒学 cosmic rocket 宇宙⽕箭 cosmic scale turbulence 宇宙尺度湍流 cosmic velocity 宇宙速度 cosmical aerodynamics 宇宙空⽓动⼒学 cosmical constant 宇宙常数 cosmological constant 宇宙常数 cosmonautics 宇宙航天学 couette flow 库艾特怜 coulomb force 库仑⼒ coulomb friction 库仑摩擦 coulomb law of friction 库仑摩擦定律 coulomb navier criterion 库仑纳维准则 coulombian attraction 库仑引⼒ counter pressure 背压 counter slope 反向坡度 counter torque 反酌扭矩 counteraction 反酌 counterbalance 平衡锤 counterclockwise direction 逆时针⽅向 counterclockwise rotation 逆时针旋转 countereffect 反酌 counterpressure 背压⼒ counterpressure diagram 负压图 counterweight 平衡锤 couple ⼒偶 couple of instantaneous rotations 瞬时转动偶 couple unbalance 偶不平衡 coupled mode 耦合模式 coupled oscillations 耦合振荡 coupled pendulums 耦合摆 coupled vibration 相关振动 coupled wave 耦合波 coupling 耦合 coupling energy 耦合能 coupling factor 耦合系数 coupling matrix 耦合矩阵 coupling parameter 耦合参数 coupling resonance 耦合共振 coupling stiffness 连接刚度 course deviation 航向偏差 course of adaptation 适应过程 covariant 协变式 covariant co ordinate 协变坐标 covariant component 协变分量 covariant derivative 协变导数 covariant tensor 协变张量 crack 裂⼝ crack arrest temperature ⽌裂温度 crack branching 裂隙分⽀ crack closure 裂缝闭合 crack depth 裂缝深度 crack detector 裂纹探测仪 crack extension force 裂纹扩展⼒ crack front 裂纹前缘 crack growth 裂纹增长 crack growth rate 裂纹增长速率 crack indicator 裂纹检查器 crack length 裂隙长度 crack mechanics 裂纹⼒学 crack mode 裂纹型式 crack nucleus 破裂核⼼ crack opening 裂纹张开 crack opening displacement 裂纹张开位移 crack propagation 裂纹扩展 crack sensitivity 裂纹敏感性 cracked rotor 裂纹转⼦ cracking 开裂 cracking resistance 抗裂强度 crank shaft 曲轴 cranking model 强制转动模型 crawling speed 蠕动速率 creep 蠕变 creep buckling 蠕变压曲 creep compliance 蠕变顺度 creep compression 蠕变压缩 creep curve 蠕变曲线 creep damage 蠕变损伤 creep deformation 蠕变变形 creep elongation 蠕变延伸 creep fluidity 蠕变怜性 creep law 蠕变定律 creep limit 蠕动极限 creep of rock 岩⽯蠕变 creep properties 蠕变特性 creep rate 蠕动速率 creep rate limit 蠕动率极限 creep resistance 抗蠕阻⼒ creep rupture test 蠕变破坏试验 creep strain 蠕变变形 creep strain rate 蠕变速度 creep strength 蠕变强度 creep test 蠕变试验 creep viscocity 蠕动粘度 creeping motion 匍匐 cremona force diagram 克雷莫纳⼒图 crest height of wave 波峰⾼ crest length of wave 波峰长度 crest of the wave 波顶 crest of the weir 堰顶 crest value 峰值 crippling force 临界⼒ crippling load 纵弯曲载荷 crippling resilience 折曲应⼒ crisis of drag 阻⼒危机 criterial equation 判据⽅程 criterion 准则 criterion of similarity 相似判据 critical angle of attack 临界迎⾓ critical compressive stress 临界压缩应⼒ critical condition 临界条件 critical cooling rate 临界冷却速率 critical coupling 临界耦合 critical crack 临界裂缝 critical damping 临界阻尼 critical datum 临界参数 critical defect 临界缺陷 critical density 临界密度 critical depth 临界深度 critical diameter 临界直径 critical dimension 临界尺⼨ critical discharge 临界量 critical distance 临界距离 critical explosion pressure 临界爆炸压⼒ critical exponents 临界指数 critical force 临界⼒ critical free stream mach number ⾃由⽓临界马赫数 critical frequency 临界频率 critical glide 临界滑移 critical heat flux 临界热通量 critical humidity 临界湿度 critical isotherm 临界等温线 critical length 临界长度 critical load 临界载荷 critical load of euler 欧拉临界负载 critical mach number 临界马赫数 critical mass 临界质量 critical moment 临界⼒矩 critical number of revolution 临界转数 critical opalescence 临界乳光 critical parameter 临界参数 critical phenomena 临界现象 critical potential 临界势 critical pressure 临界压⼒ critical pressure ratio 临界压⼒⽐ critical pressure rise 临界压升 critical rayleigh number 临界瑞利数 critical resistance 临界阻⼒ critical reynolds number 临界雷诺数 critical roughness 临界粗度 critical section 临界截⾯ critical shape of the drop 液滴的临界形状 critical shear strain 临界切应变 critical shear stress 临界切应⼒ critical sound velocity 临界声速 critical state 临界状态 critical state of flow 临界怜状态 critical stress 临界应⼒ critical temperature 临界温度 critical tensile stress 临界拉应⼒ critical tension 临界张⼒ critical value 临界值 critical velocity 临界速度 critical velocity of deposition 临界淤积临 critical viscosity 临界粘度 critical viscous sublayer 临界粘性底层 criticality 临界 crocco equation 克罗克⽅程 crocco formula 克罗克公式 crocco function 克罗克函数 crocco vector 克罗克⽮量 crooked 弯曲的 crooked line 曲线 cross 横向的 cross beam 横梁。
《机械工程专业英语》测试题(15-17)含答案
《机械工程专业英语》测验题(15-17)一、将下列词组译成汉语1.kinematic chain（运动链）2.skeleton diagram（草图，示意图，简图）3.Gear system/Cam system（齿轮传动系统/凸轮系统）4.uniform motion/nonuniform motion（匀速运动/非匀速运动）5.nonlinear motion（非线性运动）6.kinematic analysis（运动分析）7.schematic diagram（运动简图）8.textile machinery（纺织机械）9.Kinematic design/ kinematic syntheses（运动设计/运动合成）10.machine design（机械设计）11.Gear trains/ Cam mechanisms（轮系，齿轮传动链/凸轮机构）12.dynamic force/inertia force/ static force（动力/惯性力/静力）13.relative velocity/ absolute velocity（相对速度/绝对速度）14.angular acceleration/ tangential acceleration/ centripetal acceleration/ velocity vector（角加速度/切向加速度/向心加速度/速度矢量）15.binary link/ ternary link（二杆组/三杆组）二、将下列短语译成汉语1.Plane and spatial linkages（平面和空间连杆）2.constrained kinematic chain/unconstrained kinematic chain（约束运动链/非约束运动链）3.closed-loop linkage（闭环运动链）4.four-bar linkage（四连杆机构）5.slider-crank (or crank and slider) mechanism（曲柄滑块机构）6.internal combustion engine（内燃机）7.the kinematic analysis of mechanisms（机构运动分析）8.degree of freedom of the mechanism（机构自由度）9.kinematic analysis process /kinematic synthesis process（运动分析步骤/运动合成步骤）10.input angular velocity（输入角速度）11.input angular acceleration（输入角加速度）12.automatic packaging machinery（自动包装机）13.cam-contour dimensions/cam-follower diameters（凸轮轮廓尺寸/凸轮从动件直径）14.mechanical analog computer（机构模拟计算机）15.dead-center position（死点位置）16.crank-rocker linkage/double-rocker linkage/double-crank (drag-link) linkage（曲柄摇杆机构/双摇杆机构/双曲柄机构）17.maximum force component/ resulting output force or torque（最大的力量组成/输出的最大力或力矩）18.output motion variables/input motion variable（输出运动变量/输入运动变量）19.absolute angular positions（绝对角位置）20.velocity polygon method（速度的多边形的方法）21.instantaneous center method/instant center method（瞬心法/即时瞬心法）22.inertia-force analysis of mechanisms and machines（机构和机器的惯性力分析）23.one and the same coordinate system /inertia frame of reference（惯性参考系）24.systematic design of mechanisms（机械设计的系统）25.cam-contour dimensions/cam-follower diameters（凸轮轮廓尺寸/凸轮从动件直径）三、将下列单词译成汉语1.Mechanism（机械，机构，机构学）2.configuration（外形，构造，结构）3.displacement（位移）4.velocity（速度）5.acceleration（加速度）6.gear（齿轮）7.sprocket（链轮）8.pulley（带轮）9.kinematician /dynamics（运动/动力学，力学）10.kinematician（运动）四．翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。
机械专业英语期末考试题及答案
机械专业英语期末考试题及答案一．词汇翻译画法几何 descriptive geometry机械制图 Mechanical drawing投影 projection视图 view剖视图 profile chart标准件 standard component零件图 part drawing装配图 assembly drawing尺寸标注 size marking技术要求 technical requirements主轴 spindle主轴箱 headstock卡盘 chuck加工中心 machining center车刀 lathe tool车床 lathe钻削镗削 bore车削 turning磨床 grinder基准 benchmark钳工 locksmith机螺纹 thread电一体化 mechanotronics mechanical-electrical integration 精加工 finish machining粗加工 rough machining变速箱体 gearbox casing表面粗糙度 surface roughness二．将下列短语译成汉语1.the fatigue loading（疲劳载荷）2.the radial loads（径向负荷）3.the thrust loads逆负荷4.the ball bearing球轴承5.the roller bearing滚子轴承6.the single-row bearings单沟轴承7.the double-row bearing双沟轴承8.the needle bearing滚针轴承9.the bearing life轴承寿命10.The rating life额定寿命11.the axis of rotation旋转轴12.The helix angle螺旋角13.a right-hand helix 右旋14.a left-hand helix左旋15.an involute helicoids螺旋面16.an involute curve渐开线17.the shaft centerlines轴中心线18.worm gear蜗轮19.the hypoid gear准双曲面齿轮20.right angle直角21.worm gearing蜗杆传动22.the lead angle导角23.shaft angle轴线角度24.bending load弯曲载荷25.tension load张力负荷pression load压缩负载27.torsional load扭转负荷28.the bending moment弯矩29.the bending stress弯曲应力30. linkage（四连杆机构）三．翻译下列句子1. The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four-bar linkage, which has three moving links (plus one fixed link) and four pin joints.（最简单的封闭式的连杆机构就是四杆机构，四杆机构有三个运动构件（加上一个固定构件）并且有四个销轴。
2012大学生英语c类竞赛答案及听力原文
2012 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C - Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)1—5 CBBACSection B (10 marks)6—10 BAACB 11—15 CABCBSection C (5 marks)16—20 ACABASection D (10 marks)21. disruption 22. air pressure 23. slow down 24.immune system 25.stimulates26. bear in mind 27. circulation 28. decreases 29. Consult 30. side effectsPart II Vocabulary and Structure (15 marks)31—35 BDABC 36—40 BDDAB 41—45 CADBCPart III Cloze (10 marks)46. likelihood 47. fortune 48. take 49. with 50. knowing51. dozens 52. least 53. burning 54.easy/simple 55. realizePart IV Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Section A (10 marks)56. describe 57. opportunity 58. honeymoon 59. transition 60. characterizedSection B (10 marks)61. F 62. T 63. T64. The special depth that true friendship is about.65. They need to get over fear of confrontation and rejection.Section C (10 marks)66. High fatality 67. thrill seeking; risk taking 68. pushing out personal boundaries 69.C 70. ASection D (10 marks)71.“Linguistic”intelligence and Logical mathematical intelligence.72. The ability to gauge one’s own mood, feelings and mental states, and the ability to gauge it in others and- 1 -use the information.73.“Logic al mathematical intelligence and the bodily-kinesthetic intelligence.74. 他的观点引发了激烈的讨论，应如何定义智力。
机械专业英语试题及答案
机械专业英语试题及答案一、词汇题（每题1分，共10分）1. The process of changing a solid object into a liquid by heating is called ________.A. meltingB. evaporationC. condensationD. solidification答案：A2. A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is known as a ________.A. engineB. generatorC. turbineD. pump答案：A3. The study of the forces and motion of objects is called ________.A. physicsB. mechanicsC. thermodynamicsD. fluid dynamics答案：B4. A machine that uses a rotating wheel to lift water is called a ________.A. pumpB. wheelC. turbineD. lever答案：A5. The process of removing heat from a substance is called ________.A. heatingB. coolingC. insulationD. refrigeration答案：D6. The science of measuring the properties of materials is called ________.A. metrologyB. material scienceC. thermodynamicsD. mechanics答案：A7. A machine that uses a pivot point to multiply force is called a ________.A. leverB. pulleyC. wheel and axleD. inclined plane答案：A8. The process of making a solid object by heating a liquidis called ________.A. meltingB. evaporationC. condensationD. solidification答案：D9. A machine that uses a belt and pulley system to transmit motion is called a ________.A. leverB. pulleyC. wheel and axleD. inclined plane答案：B10. The study of the behavior of materials under stress is called ________.A. mechanicsB. material scienceC. thermodynamicsD. fluid dynamics答案：B二、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下段落，并回答问题。
机械专业英语课后习题答案
机械专业英语课后习题答案机械专业英语课后习题答案在机械专业的学习中，英语是一个必不可少的工具。
通过学习机械专业英语，我们可以更好地理解和应用机械工程领域的知识。
下面是一些机械专业英语课后习题的答案，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
1. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) CNC b) CAD c) CAMa) CNC：CNC是计算机数控的缩写，它是一种通过计算机控制机床进行加工的技术。
通过CNC技术，我们可以实现高精度、高效率的加工过程。
b) CAD：CAD是计算机辅助设计的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行产品设计和制图的技术。
通过CAD技术，我们可以快速、准确地设计出产品的三维模型。
c) CAM：CAM是计算机辅助制造的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行制造过程的技术。
通过CAM技术，我们可以自动化地生成加工程序，提高制造效率和质量。
2. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) torque b) horsepower c) efficiencya) torque：torque是力矩的意思，它是描述力在旋转物体上产生转动效果的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用力矩来描述机械系统的转动特性。
b) horsepower：horsepower是马力的意思，它是描述功率的单位。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用马力来衡量机械设备的功率大小。
c) efficiency：efficiency是效率的意思，它是描述能量转换或工作过程中能量利用率的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用效率来评估机械系统的能量转换效果。
3. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) stress b) strain c) modulus of elasticitya) stress：stress是应力的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的内部力的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用应力来评估材料的强度和稳定性。
b) strain：strain是应变的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的形变程度的物理量。
机电专业英语试卷C答案
Answer of quiz 3Ⅰ. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese or English.(2×10)1.机械工程学2. interdisciplinary subject3.自动化平台4.Ethernet communication5.节约能源6.precise automatic regulation7.电器驱动8.mechanical energy9.压力补偿泵10.hi-lo circuitII. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words or phrases given below.(3×6+2)1. an early invention2. the early fifth century3. by the Romans4. even further5. become tired of6. in factIII. Translate the Chinese parts given in the brackets into English.(4×10)1. they are being called “intelligent”or “smart” machines2. in the design and manufacture of products and processes.3. consists of a sequence of mnemonic codes of the commands4. but rather they are bits in a register that you can use simulate a relay5. the implementation of sophisticated modern control theory in AC motor drives6. The flow of fluids may be classified in many ways7. All hydraulic systems depend on Pascal’s law8. Regulating pump pressure from a remote station can be accomplished9. pump output at the preset pressure is only sufficient to make up for leakage10. This requires removing the palletIV. Translate the following paragraphs. (20)将来，微机利用其计算能力来执行通过现代控制理论控制的交流电机，并完成日常诊断和自检系统。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
皖西学院2013 –2014学年度第2学期期末考试试卷（C卷）
答案
国际交流中心学院机械专业12（2+2）级机械专业英语课程
一．词汇题：本大题共36小题，每小题1分，共36分。
1．mechanism 机构
2．prototype 样机
3．machine frame 机架
4．motivity member 原动件
5．Gear 齿轮
6．cycloidal 摆线的
7．spatial visualization 空间想象
8．horizontal projection 水平投影
9．inconsistency 不兼容性
10．NC. Numerical Control 数控
11．rigor 精确
12．mesh 网格
13．scenario 某一特定情节
14．perspective 透视图
15．dynamic simulation 动态仿真
16．off-road 越野的
17．amortization 分期偿还
18．topologically 拓扑的
19．cutting fluid 切削液
20．additive 添加剂
21．impregnate 注入
22．galvanise 电镀
23．dislocation 位错
24．polygonized subgrain structure多晶界亚晶结构
25．micrometer/nanometer technology 微米/纳米技术
26．flourishing 繁荣的
27．midget 小型的
28．millibot 毫米机器人
29．interdisciplinary 学科间的
30．paradigm 范例31．connecting rod 连杆
32．valve train 阀系
33．spout 喷口；喷嘴
34．governor 调速器
35．culmination 顶点
36．contractual 契约的
二．英译汉：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。
1. Machinery design （1分）is either to formulate （1分）an engineering plan （1分）for the satisfaction of a specified need（1分）or to solve an engineering problem.（1分）
2. Gears （1分）are direct contact bodies（1分），operating in pairs（1分），that transmit motion and forc（1分）e from one rotating shaft to another，or from a shaft to a slide (rack)，by means of successively engaging projections called teeth（1分）．
3. According to the Chinese National Standard of Technical Drawings,（1分）the first-angle projection（1分）is used to make engineering drawings（1分）while in some other countries, such as in the USA and Canada（1分）, the third-angle projection（1分）is used.
4.Automation operation（1分）by NC（1分）is readily adaptable to the operation of all metalworking machines（1分）. Lathes, milling machines, drill presses, boring machines, grinding machines, turret punches（1分）, flame or wire-cutting and welding machines, and even pipe benders are available with numerical control（1分）s.
5.Production processes （1分）covered herein are divided into several broad categories
including forming （0.5分）, forging （0.5分）, casting/molding （0.5分）, heat treatment
（0.5分）, fastening/joining（0.5分）, metrology/quality control （0.5分）, and material removal（1分） .
三．汉翻英：本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分。
1.The criterion （1分）which distinguishes the groups（1分），however，is to be found in the characteristics （1分）of the motions （1分）of the links（1分）．
2.This change in the length of the bolt（1分）can be caused by a number of factors-creep （1分）in the bolt, loss of resilience（1分）, difference in thermal expansion （1分）between the bolt and the bolted members, or wear（1分）.
3.where production runs（1分）are larger , riveting machine （1分）are used , exerting pressure on the rivet to head it rather than heading it （1分）by hammering （1分）improperly formed heads fail quickly when placed under stress（1分）.
4. ball and roller bearings（1分）can be designed to absorb thrust loads （1分）in addition to radial loads（1分）, whereas needle bearings （1分）are limited to radial load applications only （1分）.
5. Gears are direct –contact （1分）bodies , operating in pairs （1分）, that transmit motion
and force （1分）from one rotating shaft to another , or from a shaft to a slide (rack) （1分）, by means of successively engaging projections c（1分）alled teeth . There are four main types of gears : spur , helical , worm , and bevel （1分）.
四．作文，通过2年的学习，谈谈对机械设计、制造与自动化专业的认识与感想，（字数不少于120字），14分。
( 略)。