中考英语长句难句分析之句子结构
[全]中考英语阅读理解真题讲解,长难句句子成份分析
![[全]中考英语阅读理解真题讲解,长难句句子成份分析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/7bb386cbb7360b4c2f3f641f.png)
中考英语阅读理解讲解，长难句句子成份分析本文从中考英语阅读理解真题中，摘取两句长难句，进行句子成分分析，主要学习定语从句，宾语从句，状语从句。
第一句：Those who choose to be happy must help others to findhappiness , as the happiness of eachhas something to do with the happiness of all.长句分析：（1）首先寻找连词：who, as（2）As 引导原因状语从句，as 前面的句子是主句；（3）在主句中，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those, 并且在定语从句中充当主；（4）Must help 是主句的符合谓语，others 是宾语，to find happiness 是宾语补足语；重点词汇解析：（1）choose to do something: 选择做某事；（2）help somebody ( to ) do something : 帮助某人做某事，to可以省略；（3）happiness: 幸福；（4）have something to do with : 和…有关系；have nothing to do with: 和…无关系；长句翻译：选择快乐的人必须帮助别人找到幸福，因为每个人的幸福都与所有人的幸福有关。
第二句：A survey made by Nelsen last year showed that kids are using mobile phone even before they go into their teens.长句分析：首先找出连词,有that, before ;（1）that 引导宾语从句，做动词showed 的宾语。
在此宾语从句中,before 引导时间状语从句，before前面是that宾语从句的主句；（2）A survey 是整个复合句的主语，其中made by Nelsen last year是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰survey重点词汇解析：（1）survey : 调查；信息反馈；问卷调查;（2）get into : 进入；穿上；成癖；陷于；（3）teens: 青少年；十多岁；青少年读物（13到19岁之间）长句翻译：尼尔森去年做的一项调查显示，孩子们甚至在十几岁之前就开始使用手机。
[全]中考英语-阅读理解真题精讲,长难句分析
![[全]中考英语-阅读理解真题精讲,长难句分析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/71228296336c1eb91b375d20.png)
中考英语-阅读理解精讲，长难句分析第1句From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his mother would point to his hand which had been hurt before.长句分析：（1）首先寻找连词，例句中涉及到的连词有when, what和which；（2）when引导的是时间状语从句，该从句中，he 是主语，wanted是谓语动词，后面的what引导了宾语从句，充当wanted的宾语；（3）在what引导的宾语从句中，what充当谓语动词have的宾语；（4）His mother 是主句主语，would point to 是谓语动词，his hand是宾语；主句时态是过去将来时；（5）在主句中，Which 引导了定语从句，修饰先行词hand ，Which充当此定语从句的主语。
定语从句的时态是过去完成时的被动语态,由had been done 构成;重点词汇&语法解析：（1）from then on：从那时起；（2）point to: 指向，指明；（3）过去将来时：表示过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或者状态，由would + 动词原形构成；（4）过去完成时：表示过去的过去发生的动作，对过去的影响，由had done 构成，被动语态had been done长句翻译：从那时起，当他想要不该有的东西时，他的母亲会指着他以前受伤的手。
第2句：What is more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create the first impression in about three seconds .长句分析：（1）首先寻找连接词，本句中出现了what 和that;（2）what 引导了一个主语从句，that引导的是表语从句，interesting 和that 之间的is 是主干句的系动词；（3）what在其引导的主语从句中充当主语的成分；（4）that引导的表语从句中,the brain 是主语，takes in 是谓语，information 是宾语，to create the first impression 是动词不定式短语做目的状语，in about three seconds是时间状语重点词汇&语法解析：（1）take in : 接纳,接待;吸收,汲取;（2）information : 信息，注意是不可数名词；（3）impression：印象，first impression 第一印象（4）that在其引导的表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只是起到了连接的作用，但不可以省略（和主语从句类似）；长句翻译：更有趣的是，大脑在大约3秒钟内吸收所有的信息来产生第一印象。
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例英语长句分析和翻译实例是对英语长句的结构和翻译方法进行探讨和示范。
英语长句通常由多个从句和状语从句组成，其结构复杂、语法层次丰富。
以下是一些常见的英语长句结构和翻译实例：
1.主从复合句结构：
-原句结构：主句+从句
- 翻译实例：I will go to the movie theater tonight, if I finish my homework.（如果我完成作业，我今晚会去电影院）
2.并列句结构：
-原句结构：句子1，连词，句子2
- 翻译实例：He studied hard for the exam, but he still failed.（他为了考试努力学习，但仍然没通过）
3.倒装句结构：
-原句结构：完全倒装句型，谓语在主语前
- 翻译实例：Only when the rain stopped did we go outside.（只有等雨停下来我们才出去）
4.强调句结构：
- 原句结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分
- 翻译实例：It was Tom who broke the vase.（正是汤姆打碎了花瓶）
对于长句的翻译，可以采取以下方法：
-分割长句，将从句、状语从句分别翻译，再进行合并。
-对英语长句进行拆分，将其翻译为多个简洁且清晰的句子。
-确保翻译的流畅性和准确性，同时要注意语序的变化。
总之，对于英语长句的结构分析和翻译实例，重要的是理解其语法结构、使用正确的连词、灵活运用翻译策略，并保持翻译的准确和自然。
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法；英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句；那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢；1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构；2、找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语；3、分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、；4、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等；依照上面四个结构分析步骤，英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可可能为并列，包含与被包含、镶嵌等形式。
因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及清楚从句之间的关系。
英语经常出现的复合句包括：名词性从句，它又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；形容词性从句，即定语从句；另外还有一种叫做状语从句。
那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢？有以下几点最为基础的步骤需要考生们记住：1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构；2、找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词；3、分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等；以及词，短语和从句之间的关系；4、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
依照上面四个结构分析步骤，我们对下面的句子进行了分解与解析，希望同学们能够在看完例子后，有进一步的理解。
例句：，whowascryingasifhisheartwouldbreakandsaid，whenI例句分析：第一，拆分句子。
这个长句可以拆分为四段：①“InAfricaImetaboy”②“whowascryinga sifhisheartwouldb reak”、③“whenIspoketohim，thathewashungrybecau se”、④“hehadhadnofoodfortwodays”.第二，句子的结构分析。
英语长难句语法分析
第二类：大段的插入语或同位语 这种难句是初学者感到最不习惯的一种难句。因为在汉语中几乎碰不到这种表达方 式，此类难句之所以难，在于其插入成分在句中打断读者的思路，割裂插入成分前 后之间的句意，造成理解的困难。
读法：插入语的标志是成对出现的逗号。建议初学者凡是在阅读中遇到成对出现的 逗号时，或是发现句意尚未完整时出现了逗号，先跳过插入语，将其前后的内容连 起来读；待句意读完整后再回头读插入语。经过系统训练之后，在一般情况下(插入 语长度不超过三行)是可以将此类难句按照原文的语序直接读下去的。但请注意，如 果插入语达到三行或三行以上，即使训练到了最后，大家读难旬的能力已经很高， 还是要先跳过，回头再把它看全。
b. 在 which引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处是在在 maximize的第一个 宾语the number of descendants that an individual will have的定语从句，但是因 为 descendants在从句中作have的兵语，所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略 是在第二个 the number of 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分 that sex ratio which maximizes。
译文：那种能够最大化(一个个体所拥有的)后代的数目并且因此可以最大化 (被传播的)基因复制的性别比率将会是有利的。
2023年中考英语阅读理解长难句句子分析练习
中考英语阅读理解长难句句子分析练习一、英语五大句子类型①主语+谓语；②主语+谓语+宾语；③主语+谓语+双宾语（直接宾语+间接宾语）；④主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语；⑤主语+系动词+表语。
二、句子中修饰成分三、划出插入语并缩句★1.John, my best friend from childhood, has just moved to a new city.2.Today I have brought “Cinderella” and “Snow White” with me.“Cruella”, their stepmother, is with them.3.Scientists found that about a third of younger females-- the generationborn after 1992-- never developed tusks(象牙).四、划出介词短语并缩句★4.Sales of camping goods rose by 90 percent in the week before theMay Day holiday.5.The demand for campsites is greater than the available supply(供给).五、划出非谓语并缩句★★★6.The wind resistance(阻力) produced by such speed--in a freezingcompetition area, is hard for skaters to open their eyes.7.In this special situation, the animal’s motivation(动机) to act sociallyand playfully may be higher in its need hierarchy(层次) than eating. 8. A new AI system developed by China is shortening the time it willtake to detect(探测) earthquakes.六、划出定语从句并缩句★★9.Cleaning is actually a job that requires much physical strength,especially when moving furniture（家具）or reaching high places.10.British Sign Language is a way of communicating that uses handsigns, facial expressions and body language, and is mostly used by the deaf community.七、划出状语并缩句★★11.At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor atNew Jersey Medical School in Newark said developments in using genes(基因) as well as nanotechnology(纳米技术) make it likely that humans will live longer in the future.八、根据下列语篇选出正确的答案★★★12.Trip, an online travel agency, said page views for their camping goodson the first day of the May Day holiday rose by 90 percent over the previous week, reported Global Times.( )Which of the following statements is true?A.More than 90 percent of people went camping on May 1.B.Sales of camping goods rose by 90 percent in the week before theMay Day holiday.C.More online stores are selling camping goods.D.Much more people looked at camping goods online one the firstday of the May Day holiday than the week before.13.Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve theirliteracy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and full love, dogs can provide the perfect listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence(自信心), according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City.( )Which of the following statements is true?A.Reading to dogs is a common way to build children's confidence.B.Dogs have a negative influence on a beginning reader's confidence.C.Dogs can be beneficial in helping children gain confidence in reading.D.Dogs are not able to help children improve their literacy skills.14.Perhaps the best sign(迹象) of how computer and internet use pushesup demand(需求) for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most hopeful new market.( )Which of the following statements is true?A.The demand for paper is caused by the high-tech industry's need forprinting.B.The use of computers and the internet has led to a decrease in thedemand for paper.C.Internet workers consider printing as a hopeful growth market.D.The computer and internet industry is influenced by the increased useof paper.15.They had no connection with the outside world for more than athousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures, called Moai, for which the island is most famous. ( )Which of the following statements is true?A.They had a strong connection with the outside world for more than athousand years.B.They had time long enough for them to build the stone figures.C.People outside helped them build the stone figures.D.They had plenty of time to build the stone figures because of theirconnection with the outside world.参考答案1.John, my best friend from childhood, has just moved to a new city.插入语：my best friend from childhood缩句：John has just moved to a new city.2.Today I have brought "Cinderella" and "Snow White" with me."Cruella", their stepmother, is with them.插入语：their stepmother缩句：Today I have brought "Cinderella" and "Snow White" with me. "Cruella" is with them.3.Scientists found that about a third of younger females --thegeneration born after 1992 -- never developed tusks.插入语：the generation born after 1992缩句：Scientists found that about a third of younger females never developed tusks.4.Sales of camping goods rose by 90 percent in the week before theMay Day holiday.介词短语：of camping goods; in the week before the May Day holiday 缩句：Sales rose by 90 percent.5.The demand for campsites is greater than the available supply.介词短语：for campsites缩句：The demand is greater than the available supply6. The wind resistance produced by such speed --in a freezingcompetition area, is hard for skaters to open their eyes.-非谓语动词修饰部分：produced by such speed-缩句：The wind resistance is hard for skaters to open their eyes. 7. In this special situation, the animal's motivation to act socially and playfully may be higher in its need hierarchy than eating.-非谓语动词修饰部分：to act socially and playfully-缩句：The animal's motivation may be higher than eating.8. A new AI system developed by China is shortening the time it will take to detect earthquakes.-非谓语动词修饰部分：developed by China-缩句：A new AI system is shortening the time.9. Cleaning is actually a job that requires much physical strength, especially when moving furniture or reaching high places.-定语从句：that requires much physical strength-缩句：Cleaning is a job.10. British Sign Language is a way of communicating that uses hand signs, facial expressions, and body language, and is mostly used by the deaf community.-定语从句：that uses hand signs, facial expressions, and body language-缩句：British Sign Language is a way of communicating.11. At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor atNew Jersey Medical School in Newark, said developments in using genes as well as nanotechnology make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past.-状语：At the conference in San Francisco-缩句：Donald Louria said developments make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past.12.D13.C14.A15.B。
英语长难句分析 英语长句结构分析及翻译实例
◆ 主句：any texts would not result in any
donations, so no money would have
changed hands ◆ -ed: sent to……Research ◆ -ing：going to…… ◆ -ing：calling……adoptions
◆ 主句：the small writing room stood in
the garden of a house ◆ -ed分句:built out of a wooden tool shed ◆ 定语从句：in which……famous novels ◆ 定语从句：she bought……in 1919
◆ 主句：To ponder……general seems to me to be sheer folly
◆ 主语：To ponder……in general
客观地讲，没玩没 了地思考自己为何 存在或者生命的意 义是愚蠢的行为。
While Facebook often gives an insight into a person's private life, Twitter is more likely to be used in a professional manner, with many doctors discussing healthcare issues via a tweet of 140 characters or less.
Built out of a wooden tool shed, the small writing room in which Virginia Woolf penned many of her most famous novels stood in the garden of a house she bought with her husband Leonard in 1919.
英语长难句分析
11. In our new society there is a growing dislike of original, creative men. The manipulated do not understand them; the manipulators fear them. The tidy committee men regard them with horror, knowing that no pigeonholes can be found for them. 解读:主要考虑"tidy"的讽刺语气。 翻译:在现代社会里，人们对开拓型的有创造力的人有一 种与日俱增的厌恶情绪。受人摆布的人不理解他们，摆布别 人的人害怕他们。衣冠楚楚的委员们知道不可能使他们就范， 因此怀着恐惧的心理看待他们。
3. Such inns as there were dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. 解读:第二个分句中,simply是副词，意为“食物只 有.......”，而accompanied含被动意思，说明人们把陈面包和 乳酪搭配着吃，并不是乳酪自己同面包相配。第二句作者把 谓语省略了。 翻译：那里的小旅店通常又肮脏，跳蚤又多．吃的食物 仅仅是当地产的乳酪加上存放了一年之久的面包，大家只能 就着下等酒把它们吞下去．
7.On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise. 解读：local patriotism是热爱本乡本土之心， 注意不要理解成地方主义（localism） 翻译：当你在乡村的草坪上比赛时，随意分为 两边，并不存在热不热爱本地区的问题，只有这个 时候才有可能为了娱乐和锻炼而进行比赛。
怎样分析长难句结构
怎样分析长难句结构?怎样分析长难句结构?英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可能为并列、包含与被包含、镶嵌等形式。
因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及清楚从句之间的关系。
英语经常出现的复合句包括：名词性从句，它又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;形容词性从句，即定语从句;另外还有状语从句。
那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢?有以下几点最为基础的`步骤需要考生们记住：1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构;2、找出句中所有从句的引导词及其所引导的谓语结构;3、找出句中所有的非谓语结构、介词短语;4、分析从句和短语的功能(例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等)以及词、短语和从句之间的关系;5、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
例：Of course, some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary, but a free and democratic society functions best when it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.句子拆分：拆分点参考：标点，并列连词，从属连词Of course,// some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary, //but a free and democratic society functions best //when it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.图示：Of course, some regulation is inevitable and undoubtedly necessary,but a free and democratic societyfunctions bestwhen itleaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the government.参考译文：当然，某些规定是不可避免并且是必需的，但是只有当社会让民众通过自己的理智判断而非政府管制去解决道德难题时，一个自由民主的社会才能最大限地发挥其功能。
英语长难句分析
▪ [例句] It never occur to him that parts of the day have different meanings in different cultures. (it形式主语，that主语从句放在句尾)
▪
▪ [例句] We all think it our duty to support our parents when necessary.(动 词不定式做宾语后置，it作形式宾语)
▪ 在这个句子中,主句有两个并列的谓语动词
stimulates和trims,而且,trims有两个并列的宾语 pollution control和energy costs, that引导的定语从句修 饰industries一词。
分隔结构
为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结 构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,而将语法关系密切的两 个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构 (discontinuous structure)。例如出现较多的是插入语、用破折号 插入的新话题或补充信息。此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定 语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子 原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。
▪ 9、同位语结构——英文句子中，两个描述或表示同一事物或 内容的语言结构放在同等并列的位置上，后者对前者进行解释 说明叫做前者的同位语。前者叫做后者的本位语。可以作同位 语的结构有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词短语、动名词 、介词短语和从句。同位语的出现本身会造成句子的分隔现象 。同位语的后移现象也会造成句子分隔形成长难句。
▪
改变语序主要指倒装句式。这种打破相对固定的常规语
3.分词状语，独立主格结构的干扰
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例
英语长难句分析英语长句结构分析及翻译实例长难句在英语中通常具有复杂的结构和含义，包含多个从句以及各种
修饰成分。
分析长难句结构可以帮助理解句子的含义和关系。
以下是一个例子：
"Although she had not studied for the test, she managed to pass with flying colors."
这个句子可以分为三个部分：
条件从句："Although she had not studied for the test" - 表达
了一个条件或情况。
主句："she managed to pass with flying colors" - 主要陈述了
结果或行为。
并列连词："Although" - 这个词引导了条件从句。
英语长句结构分析及翻译实例:
长句结构分析是解析一个复杂句子的组成部分和句子间的关系，从而
帮助理解其含义。
同时，通过翻译实例可以更好地理解长句的结构和意义。
以下是一个例子：
这个句子可以分为四个部分：
主语："The book" - 句子的主语。
宾语补足语："a bestseller in many countries" - 补充说明"the book"的状态。
翻译实例：
这本书是由一位著名作家写的，在很多国家都成了畅销书。
分析英语长难句的方法
当在阅读时碰到结构复杂、融入了多个从句的语句，同学们往往不知道应该如何对句子的结构进行划分，难以快速找到正确的理解方法，导致直接影响了对全文的理解。
本文将针对这一问题，给同学们讲解一些常规的分析长难句的具体方法，以提升大家对这类句子的分析能力。
一、找出句子的主干要想分析长难句，同学们首先需要做的是准确找到句子的主干，理清句子中存在的逻辑关系，这能够让大家快速提炼语句的核心信息，理清句子的含义。
提炼句子主干的方法有很多，通常来说，大家可以首先尝试找到句子中的主谓宾三种成分，这是把握句子含义的一种直观有效的方法。
当明确了主谓宾三种成分后，再来进一步对各个分支进行拆分，梳理其中的逻辑关系。
以2020年全国卷I阅读理解D篇为例，原文的第二段内容为：To figure out how much power these devices are us⁃ing，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the RochesterInstitute of Technology in New York tracked the environ⁃mental costs for each product throughout its life—fromwhen its minerals are mined to when we stop using thedevice.(为了了解这些设备消耗了多少电能，纽约罗切斯特理工学院的研究员卡丽·巴比特与她的同事们对每一个产品全生命周期的环境能耗进行了跟踪，跟踪过程从矿物采集开始直至设备使用的结束。
)分析：这句子中融入了多个附加成分，同学们如果能够准确提炼其中的主干，会让句子的结构更加清晰，表意也更为明确。
这句话中to figure out之后引导的为一个目的状语，并列主语为Callie Babbitt and hercolleagues，谓语为track，宾语为the environmentalcost。
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法50888
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可可能为并列，包含与被包含、镶嵌等形式。
因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及清楚从句之间的关系。
英语经常出现的复合句包括：名词性从句，它又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；形容词性从句，即定语从句；另外还有一种叫做状语从句。
那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢有以下几点最为基础的步骤需要考生们记住：1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构；2、找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词；3、分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等；以及词，短语和从句之间的关系；4、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
依照上面四个结构分析步骤，我们对下面的句子进行了分解与解析，希望同学们能够在看完例子后，有进一步的理解。
例句：In Africa I met a boy，who was crying as if his heart would break and said，when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because he had had no food for two days.例句分析：第一，拆分句子。
这个长句可以拆分为四段：①“In Africa I met a boy”②“who was crying as if his heart would break”、③“when I spoke to him，that he was hungry because”、④“he had had no food for two days”.第二，句子的结构分析。
(1)主干结构是主语+过去式+宾语——“I met a boy”；(2)“crying”后面是壮语从句“as if his heart would break”；(3)“when I spoke to him”是介于“said”和“that he was hungry because”之间的插入语。
长难句要点呈现与讲解-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习
[例2] Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented (发酵) would kill off the yeast (酵母菌) that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer.
What Winter knows of the 19yearold who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation (移植)．
procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is
included among modern social institutions. Science moves forward , they say ,not so much through the
把握大意, 找出上文对应信息,
补充省略成分
意群阅读
①When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other，② an unbelted driver would meet the windshield ③with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.
英语句法分析--长句分析
3.（2003年真题）Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patient, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements above the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. stake 赌注 stakeholder利益相关者 recruit 招聘；新兵；新成员 cause n. 原因；事业；目标 最后，因为投下赌注的最终还是病人，所以医学研 究界不但要努力邀请像斯蒂芬库珀这样的知名人士 来支持自己的事业（他已经勇敢的做出了动物研究 价值的有关声明），还力图得到所有接受医疗的人 的支持
练习真题---参考答案
1. （2001年真题）There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the "standard templates" of the newsroom seem alien to many readers
2000年真题
佳句妙译 The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry o women into the maledominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.
初升高衔接英语句子结构长难句突破攻略
在英语中，根据句子结构，可以将其划分为简单句、复合句和并列句。
简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。
简单句的八种基本句型一、主谓(SV)该句型中谓语是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语。
Eg. Every second counts．分秒必争。
Our efforts paid off．我们的努力有所回报。
二、主谓状(SVA)该句型中谓语是不及物动词；副词、介词短语等作状语。
Eg. The boy is crying loudly. 那个男孩正大声哭着。
（loudly为副词修饰is crying这一动作，做状语）My mother cooks in the kitchen every day. 妈妈每天在厨房做饭。
（in the kitchen 为地点状语，every day 为时间状语）三、主系表(SVP)侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样。
表语多为形容词，也可是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。
系动词要记牢，五感五变三保持，一是一像永不忘（1）五感：look , sound , smell , taste , feel（2）五变：grow , turn , get go , become , come , fall（3）三保持：keep , stay , remain（4）一是：be ( am , is , are , was , were )（5）一像：seemEg. The flowers smell sweet. 花闻起来很香四、主谓宾(SVO)该句式用于说明某人/某物做什么事即“谁+做+事”。
谓语动词是及物动词。
宾语是动作的承受者。
作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词＋动词不定式和动词-ing形式。
Eg. Who knows the answer？谁知道答案？She accepts the fact.她接受了事实。
五、主谓宾状(SVOA)该句型中谓语是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词，其后接宾语。
英语句子长难句的意群划分法
介词：如 引导介词短语作修饰语
等 介词常常
不定式符号 to：不定式常常构成不定式短 语做定语或者状语修饰语，所以也可以是拆 分点。
分词：过去分词和现在分词可以构成分词 短语作修饰语，所以可以是拆分点。
标点符号：标点符号常常断开句子的主干 和修饰部分，也是一个明显的拆分点
where, because, since, thought, although, s7
关系词： 如连接名词性从句关系代词和关系副词 如who, whom, whose, what, which,
whatever, whichever ；when, where, how, why 连接定语从句的关系代词 如who, which, that, whom, whose 等等； 它们也是理解英语句子的拆分点。
英语连词成句主要有三大手段：连词、介词和分词。 英语长难句意群划分的六个黄金分割点： 1.并列句的并列连词（and, but, or, either…or…, not only…but
also, neither…nor, etc.） 2.三大从句的引导词或关系词（连接词）：名词从句的连接
英语复杂难句惯用的手段。汉语喜欢短句，英语欣赏长句。 汉语一个句子一般只表达一个意思，英语一个复杂的句子可 以包含多层意思；汉语是按时间顺序列或事物发展的逻辑先 后关系，采用短句的形式来展开叙事。汉语造句以名词为重 心，以词组、散句和分句为手段，习惯按照时间、逻辑顺序 进行横排式表达，其内部逻辑关系“含而不露”，甚至断句 不严，外形松散，因此汉语常被称为时间型的动态结构，主 要体现在形式自由，富于弹性。而英语则以“主+谓”的主 干结构为中心来统领各语言成分，句界分明，外形严谨。英 语则借助于时态、各种从句的连词、分词、介词搭配等手段 来连接事件之间的逻辑关系。
高中英语---分析句子成分是理解长难句的关键
分析句子成分—-- 理解长难句的关键现在很多同学在英语学习中不注重句成分的分析，有些同学甚至根本不知道如何分析，结果一遇到长句就感到困惑，不能理解句子的准确含义。
其实，懂得如何分析句子结构是中国学生学习英语的重要手段，有助于更深刻更准确地理解语言。
高考阅读理解中有很多长句、难句，若我们能像庖丁解牛那样把其结构分析出来，对文章的理解也就迎刃而解了。
分析句子成分是理解长、难句的关键。
一、句子的成分句子的成分是句子的组成部分。
英语句子的成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、定语、状语、补语和独立成分等。
例如：I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard.分析：I 是主语，can’t see是谓语，any coffee是宾语，in the cupboard是地点状语。
译文：我在这个碗橱中没见到任何咖啡。
Faced with a difficult situation, Tom decided to ask his boss for advice.分析：Tom是主语，decided是谓语，to ask his boss for advice是宾语，Faced with a difficult situation是原因状语。
译文：汤姆因为遇到困境，于是决定去向他的老板征询意见。
I saw the young man smoking in the reading room.分析：I是主语，saw是谓语，the young man是宾语，smoking in the reading room 作补语。
二、句子的种类请分析下列句子，判断它们是简单句、主从复合句还是并列句。
1.Simon thought his computer was broken until his little brother pointed out that hehad forgotten to turn it on.2.Lead was also used in older water pipes.3.So it isn’t enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well.例1是主从复合句，例2是简单句，例3是并列句。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
18
原则上，只要“含义相似，结构相同”的东西都
能并列。读句子时要注意意识到是谁和谁并列。
形容词并列：Mr. Smith is a kind, patient and
knowledgeable English teacher.
9
从句
定义：由引导词引导的主谓结构 结构：引导词+主语+谓语+宾语， 引导词：that/ who/ whom/ why/ when/ where/ which/ how/ if/ although …
10
从句
【起始标识】从句一定从引导词开始（有时可省 略），但有以下四种终止标识： 1.到句尾终止： Li Hui is a teacher (who teaches English). 2.到逗号终止： (When I was young), I listened to the radio.
5
把握英语句子，关键在于把握 “较长修饰成分”
1.介词短语 2.从句 3.非谓语动词
英语中的三种较长修饰成分
6
介词短语
定义：从介词开始到名词结束，表达一个独
立的完整的含义的结构
结构：从介词开始到名词结束
at home; in the school beyond my wildest imagination during my happy childhood over the last few years
7
介词短语
例句： After chatting with Laura on this matter for two hours from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon, I returned to my office.
8
介词短语
例句： (After chatting) (with Laura) (on this matter) (for two hours) (from 2:00) (to 4:00) (in the afternoon), I returned (to my office).
12
非谓语动词
定义：非谓语动词是指动词在句子中“不是谓语” 时的几种变化形式，即动词的非谓语形式，主要 包括动词不定式，动名词和分词（现在分词/ 过 去分词） • 由非谓语开头的、表达一个独立的完整的含
义的结构叫做非谓语动词短 • 结构：非谓语动词+名词+副词
13
非谓语动词
【起始标识】非谓语动词一定从动词不定式(to do)； 动名词(doing)；分词(现在分词doing/ 过去分词done) 开始，同样有四种终止标识： 1.到句尾终止： Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English). 2.到句中的逗号终止： (To improve my English), I often chat with foreigners.
The house (made of wood) was built (to shelter the refugees).
15
如何读懂英语长难句？
读懂英语长难句的关键在于：
识破句子中的介短、从句、非谓语
➢ 从句 v.s. 非谓语 This is a tiger (which is running fast) (to the forest). This is a tiger (which is chased) (by a hunter). Li Hui is a teacher (whteoatcehaicnhges English).
哪些短 哪些长
形容词 副词 介词短语 从句 非谓语动词
17
关于“平行并列结构”
定义：由“并列词”and/ or/ but/ as well as/ not only… but also/ both … and…/ either … or …/ neither … nor …等，“含义 相似、结构相同”的并列项连接起来构成的 结构。 简记为“A and B”或“A, B and C”
16
基本句型汉英语序一致
主谓宾
主系表 注：汉语中系动词常省略，如“我（感觉）热”
主干成分
此外还有若干高级句型 注：there be 句型； it + be + adj. + for sb to do sth； 强调句； 倒装句； 祈使句； 感叹句等
句子规律
修饰成分
汉语中，修饰成分位于中心词之前
英语中， 较短修饰成分位于中心词之前， 较长修饰成分位于中心词之后
初中英语高分策略
上课时间：February 16, 2021 中学英语高级教师 方舟
1
句子成分
句子结构
主谓宾 定状补 主系表
主谓 主谓宾 主谓宾宾 主谓宾补 主系表
2
英语和汉语 像？不像？
请翻译： 1.我爱你。
I love you. 2.我在心中爱你。
I love you in my heart.
3
英语和汉语 像？不像？
请翻译： 1.我是个学生。
I am a student. 2.我是个初二的学生。
I am a student in Junior two.
4
英语语法入门级规律
主干部分： • 汉语和英语基本一致 • 英语中有若干固定句型（如强调句/ it 做形式主语等句型） 修饰成分： 汉语多“前修”，而英语… • 较短修饰成分放在被修饰词前面 • 较长修饰成分放在被修饰词后面
11
从句
【起始标识】从句一定从引导词开始（有时可省 略），但有以下四种终止标识： 3.到下一修饰成分终止： I will invite Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) to Beijing. 4.到下一个谓语动词终止： Yao Ming (who was a top basketball player) is studying in Shanghai.
14
非谓语动词
【起始标识】非谓语动词一定从动词不定式(to do)； 动名词(doing)；分词(现在分词doing/ 过去分词done) 开始，同样有四种终止标识： 3.到下一修饰成分终止：
Jack walked in, (waving confidently) (to the audience). 4.到下一谓语动词终止：