【全国校级联考】江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级下学期期中(一模)考试化学试题(解析版)

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2018年江苏省徐州市中考数学一模试卷

2018年江苏省徐州市中考数学一模试卷一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1．（3.00分）下列图形中，是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（）A．等边三角形B．正六边形C．正方形D．圆2．（3.00分）下列计算正确的是（）A．30=0 B．﹣|﹣3|=﹣3 C．3﹣1=﹣3 D．3．（3.00分）如图是由四个相同的小正方体组成的立体图形，它的俯视图为（）A．B．C．D．4．（3.00分）某同学一周中每天体育运动时间（单位：分钟）分别为：35、40、45、40、55、40、48．这组数据的众数、中位数是（）A．55、40 B．40、42.5 C．40、40 D．40、455．（3.00分）人体血液中，红细胞的直径约为0.000 007 7m．用科学记数法表示0.000 007 7m是（）A．0.77×10﹣5B．7.7×10﹣5C．7.7×10﹣6D．77×10﹣76．（3.00分）袋子里有4个黑球，m个白球，它们除颜色外都相同，经过大量实验，从中任取一个球恰好是白球的频率是0.20，则m的值是（）A．1 B．2 C．4 D．167．（3.00分）如图，平行四边形ABCD中，E，F分别为AD，BC边上的一点，增加下列条件，不一定能得出BE∥DF的是（）A．AE=CF B．BE=DF C．∠EBF=∠FDE D．∠BED=∠BFD8．（3.00分）如图，点A，B的坐标分别为（1，4）和（4，4），抛物线y=a（x ﹣m）2+n的顶点在线段AB上运动（抛物线随顶点一起平移），与x轴交于C、D 两点（C在D的左侧），点C的横坐标最小值为﹣3，则点D的横坐标最大值为（）A．﹣3 B．1 C．5 D．8二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）9．（3.00分）分解因式4ab2﹣9a3=．10．（3.00分）若a2﹣2a﹣4=0，则5+4a﹣2a2=．11．（3.00分）数轴上的两个数﹣3与a，并且a＞﹣3，它们之间的距离可以表示为．12．（3.00分）通过平移把点A（2，﹣3）移到点A′（4，﹣2），按同样的平移方式可将点B（﹣3，1）移到点B′，则点B′的坐标是．13．（3.00分）设x1、x2是方程2x2+nx+m=0的两个根，且x1+x2=4，x1x2=3．则m+n=．14．（3.00分）如图，DE为△ABC的中位线，点F在DE上，且∠AFB=90°，若AB=6，BC=8，则EF的长为．15．（3.00分）点A（a，b）是函数y=x﹣1与y=的交点，则a2b﹣ab2=．16．（3.00分）如图，已知AB、AD是⊙O的弦，∠ABO=30°，∠ADO=20°，则∠BAD=．17．（3.00分）已知﹣1＜b＜0，0＜a＜1，则代数式a﹣b、a+b、a+b2、a2+b中值最大的是．18．（3.00分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，OA=AB，∠OAB=90°，反比例函数y=（x＞0）的图象经过A，B两点．若点A的坐标为（n，1），则k的值为．三、解答题（本大题共10小题，共86分）19．（10.00分）（1）计算（﹣）﹣1+﹣（﹣）0（2）计算（﹣）÷20．（10.00分）（1）解不等式组：（2）解方程：﹣2=21．（7.00分）某校为更好的开展“春季趣味运动会”活动，随机在各年级抽查了部分学生，了解他们最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型（跳绳、实心球、50m、拔河共四类），并将统计结果绘制成如下不完整的频数分布表（如图所示）根据以上信息回答下列问题：最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型频数分布表：（1）直接写出a=，b=；（2）将图中的扇形统计图补充完整（注明项目、百分比）；（3）若全校共有学生1200名，估计该校最喜爱50m和拔河的学生共约有多少人？22．（7.00分）甲、乙、丙三人准备玩传球游戏．规则是：第1次传球从甲开始，甲先将球随机传给乙、丙两人中的一个人，再由接到球的人随机传给其他两人中的一个人…如此反复．（1）若传球1次，球在乙手中的概率为；（2）若传球3次，求球在甲手中的概率（用树状图或列表法求解）．23．（8.00分）新房装修后，某居民购买家用品的清单如下表，因污水导致部分信息无法识别，根据下表解决问题：（1）居民购买垃圾桶，鞋架各几个？（2）若居民再次购买字画和垃圾桶两种家居用品共花费150元，则有哪几种不同的购买方案？24．（8.00分）如图，在菱形ABCF中，∠ABC=60°，延长BA至点D，延长CB至点E，使BE=AD，连结CD，EA，延长EA交CD于点G．（1）求证：△ACE≌△CBD；（2）求∠CGE的度数．25．（8.00分）某化工车间发生有害气体泄漏，自泄漏开始到完全控制利用了40min，之后将对泄漏有害气体进行清理，线段DE表示气体泄漏时车间内危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（0≤x≤40），反比例函数y=对应曲线EF表示气体泄漏控制之后车间危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（40≤x≤？）．根据图象解答下列问题：（1）危险检测表在气体泄漏之初显示的数据是；（2）求反比例函数y=的表达式，并确定车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值．26．（8.00分）如图，在电线杆CD上的C处引拉线CE、CF固定电线杆，拉线CE 和地面所成的角∠CED=60°，在离电线杆6m的B处安置高为1.5m的测角仪AB，在A处测得电线杆上C处的仰角为30°，求拉线CE的长．（结果保留根号）27．（10.00分）在Rt△ABC中，AB=BC=5，∠B=90°，将一块等腰直角三角板的直角顶点O放在斜边AC上，三角板的两直角边分别交直线AB、BC于E、F两点．（1）如图①，若O为AC的中点，点E、F分别在边AB、BC上．①当△OFC是等腰直角三角形时，∠FOC=；②求证：OE=OF；（2）如图②，若AO：AC=1：4时，OE和OF有怎样的数量关系？证明你发现的结论．28．（10.00分）在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k与直线y=kx+1交于A、B两点，点A在点B的左侧．（1）如图1，当k=1时，直接写出A，B两点的坐标；（2）在（1）的条件下，点P为抛物线上的一个动点，且在直线AB下方，试求出△ABP面积的最大值及此时点P的坐标；（3）如图2，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k（k＞0）与x轴交于点C、D两点（点C 在点D的左侧），是否存在实数k使得直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切？若存在，请求出k的值；若不存在，请说明理由．2018年江苏省徐州市中考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1．（3.00分）下列图形中，是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（）A．等边三角形B．正六边形C．正方形D．圆【分析】根据中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念判断即可．【解答】解：等边三角形是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形，A正确；正六边形是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，B错误；正方形是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，C错误；圆是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，D错误；故选：A．【点评】本题考查的是中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念：轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分沿对称轴折叠后可重合；中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后与原图重合．2．（3.00分）下列计算正确的是（）A．30=0 B．﹣|﹣3|=﹣3 C．3﹣1=﹣3 D．【分析】根据平方根，负指数幂的意义，绝对值的意义，分别计算出各个式子的值即可判断．【解答】解：A、30=1，故A错误；B、﹣|﹣3|=﹣3，故B正确；C、3﹣1=，故C错误；D、=3，故D错误．故选：B．【点评】解决此题目的关键是熟练掌握负整数指数幂、零指数幂、二次根式、绝对值等考点的运算．3．（3.00分）如图是由四个相同的小正方体组成的立体图形，它的俯视图为（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据俯视图是从上边看得到的图形，可得答案．【解答】解：从上边看第一列是两个小正方形，第二列后边一个小正方形，故选：C．【点评】本题考查了简单组合体的三视图，俯视图是从上边看得到的图形．4．（3.00分）某同学一周中每天体育运动时间（单位：分钟）分别为：35、40、45、40、55、40、48．这组数据的众数、中位数是（）A．55、40 B．40、42.5 C．40、40 D．40、45【分析】根据众数和中位数的概念求解，即可得出答案．【解答】解：∵40分钟出现了3次，出现的次数最多，∴这组数据的众数是40分；把这些数从小到大排列为35、40、40、40、45、48、55，则中位数是40；故选：C．【点评】本题考查了众数和中位数，一组数据中出现次数最多的数据叫做众数；将一组数据按照从小到大（或从大到小）的顺序排列，如果数据的个数是奇数，则处于中间位置的数就是这组数据的中位数；如果这组数据的个数是偶数，则中间两个数据的平均数就是这组数据的中位数．5．（3.00分）人体血液中，红细胞的直径约为0.000 007 7m．用科学记数法表示0.000 007 7m是（）A．0.77×10﹣5B．7.7×10﹣5C．7.7×10﹣6D．77×10﹣7【分析】绝对值小于1的正数也可以利用科学记数法表示，一般形式为a×10﹣n，与较大数的科学记数法不同的是其所使用的是负指数幂，指数由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．【解答】解：0.000 007 7=7.7×10﹣6，故选：C．【点评】本题考查用科学记数法表示较小的数，一般形式为a×10﹣n，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．6．（3.00分）袋子里有4个黑球，m个白球，它们除颜色外都相同，经过大量实验，从中任取一个球恰好是白球的频率是0.20，则m的值是（）A．1 B．2 C．4 D．16【分析】根据概率公式列出从中任取一个球恰好是白球的概率，求出m的值即可．【解答】解：袋子里有4个黑球，m个白球，若从中任取一个球恰好是白球的概率是，根据题意可得：=0.2，解得m=1．故选：A．【点评】此题考查概率的求法：如果一个事件有n种可能，而且这些事件的可能性相同，其中事件A出现m种结果，那么事件A的概率P（A）=．7．（3.00分）如图，平行四边形ABCD中，E，F分别为AD，BC边上的一点，增加下列条件，不一定能得出BE∥DF的是（）A．AE=CF B．BE=DF C．∠EBF=∠FDE D．∠BED=∠BFD【分析】由四边形ABCD是平行四边形，可得AD∥BC，AD=BC，然后由AE=CF，∠EBF=∠FDE，∠BED=∠BFD均可判定四边形BFDE是平行四边形，则可证得BE ∥DF，利用排除法即可求得答案．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AD∥BC，AD=BC，A、∵AE=CF，∴DE=BF，∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF；B、∵BE=DF，∴四边形BFDE是等腰梯形，∴本选项不一定能判定BE∥DF；C、∵AD∥BC，∴∠BED+∠EBF=180°，∠EDF+∠BFD=180°，∵∠EBF=∠FDE，∴∠BED=∠BFD，∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF；D、∵AD∥BC，∴∠BED+∠EBF=180°，∠EDF+∠BFD=180°，∵∠BED=∠BFD，∴∠EBF=∠FDE，∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF．故选：B．【点评】此题考查了平行四边形的判定与性质．注意根据题意证得四边形BFDE 是平行四边形是关键．8．（3.00分）如图，点A，B的坐标分别为（1，4）和（4，4），抛物线y=a（x ﹣m）2+n的顶点在线段AB上运动（抛物线随顶点一起平移），与x轴交于C、D 两点（C在D的左侧），点C的横坐标最小值为﹣3，则点D的横坐标最大值为（）A．﹣3 B．1 C．5 D．8【分析】当C点横坐标最小时，抛物线顶点必为A（1，4），根据此时抛物线的对称轴，可判断出CD间的距离；当D点横坐标最大时，抛物线顶点为B（4，4），再根据此时抛物线的对称轴及CD的长，可判断出D点横坐标最大值．【解答】解：当点C横坐标为﹣3时，抛物线顶点为A（1，4），对称轴为x=1，此时D点横坐标为5，则CD=8；当抛物线顶点为B（4，4）时，抛物线对称轴为x=4，且CD=8，故C（0，0），D （8，0）；由于此时D点横坐标最大，故点D的横坐标最大值为8；故选：D．【点评】能够正确地判断出点C横坐标最小、点D横坐标最大时抛物线的顶点坐标是解答此题的关键．二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）9．（3.00分）分解因式4ab2﹣9a3=a（2b+3a）（2b﹣3a）．【分析】首先提取公因式a，再利用平方差公式分解因式得出答案．【解答】解：原式=a（4b2﹣9a2）=a（2b+3a）（2b﹣3a）．故答案为：a（2b+3a）（2b﹣3a）．【点评】此题主要考查了提取公因式法以及公式法分解因式，正确应用公式是解题关键．10．（3.00分）若a2﹣2a﹣4=0，则5+4a﹣2a2=﹣3．【分析】原式变形后，将已知等式代入计算即可求出值．【解答】解：∵a2﹣2a﹣4=0，即a2﹣2a=4，∴原式=5﹣2（a2﹣2a）=5﹣8=﹣3，故答案为：﹣3【点评】此题考查了代数式求值，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．11．（3.00分）数轴上的两个数﹣3与a，并且a＞﹣3，它们之间的距离可以表示为a+3．【分析】根据两数间的关系，即可在数轴找出上二者之间的距离．【解答】解：∵数轴上的两个数﹣3与a，且a＞﹣3，∴两数之间的距离为|a﹣（﹣3）|=|a+3|=a+3．故答案为：a+3．【点评】本题考查了数轴以及两点间的距离，牢记数轴上两点间的距离公式是解题的关键．12．（3.00分）通过平移把点A（2，﹣3）移到点A′（4，﹣2），按同样的平移方式可将点B（﹣3，1）移到点B′，则点B′的坐标是（﹣1，2）．【分析】直接利用平移中点的变化规律求解即可．注意平移前后坐标的变化．【解答】解：把点A（2，﹣3）移到A′（4，﹣2）的平移方式是先把点A向右平移2个单位，再向上平移1个单位得到．按同样的平移方式来平移点B，点B（﹣3，1）向右平移2个单位，得到（﹣1，1），再向上平移1个单位，得到的点B′的坐标是（﹣1，2），故答案为：（﹣1，2）．【点评】考查平移的性质和应用；注意点平移后坐标的变化．平移中点的变化规律是：横坐标右移加，左移减；纵坐标上移加，下移减．13．（3.00分）设x1、x2是方程2x2+nx+m=0的两个根，且x1+x2=4，x1x2=3．则m+n=﹣2．【分析】根据根与系数的关系可得x1+x2=﹣，x1x2=，进而可得﹣=4，=3，解出m、n的值，从而可得答案．【解答】解：∵x1、x2是方程2x2+nx+m=0的两个根，∴x1+x2=﹣，x1x2=，∵x1+x2=4，x1x2=3．∴﹣=4，=3，解得：n=﹣8，m=6，∴m+n=﹣2，故答案为：﹣2．【点评】此题主要考查了根与系数的关系，关键是掌握ax2+bx+c=0（a≠0）的两根时，x1+x2=﹣，x1x2=．14．（3.00分）如图，DE为△ABC的中位线，点F在DE上，且∠AFB=90°，若AB=6，BC=8，则EF的长为1．【分析】根据直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半求出DF的长度，根据三角形的中位线平行于第三边并且等于第三边的一半求出DE的长，然后相减即可得到EF的长．【解答】解：∵DE为△ABC的中位线，∠AFB=90°，∴DE=BC，DF=AB，∵AB=6，BC=8，∴DE=×8=4，DF=×6=3，∴EF=DE﹣DF=4﹣3=1．故答案为：1．【点评】本题考查了三角形的中位线定理，直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半的性质，熟记定理与性质是解题的关键．15．（3.00分）点A（a，b）是函数y=x﹣1与y=的交点，则a2b﹣ab2=2．【分析】构建方程组求出点A坐标即可解决问题；【解答】解：由，解得或，∴a=2，b=1或a=﹣1，b=﹣2，当a=2，b=1时，a2b﹣ab2=2当a=﹣1，b=﹣2时，a2b﹣ab2=2，故答案为2．【点评】本题考查反比例函数于一次函数的交点问题，解题的关键是学会构建方程组确定两个函数的交点坐标，属于中考常考题型．16．（3.00分）如图，已知AB、AD是⊙O的弦，∠ABO=30°，∠ADO=20°，则∠BAD=50°．【分析】连接OA，根据等腰三角形的性质求出∠DAO与∠BAO的度数，进而可得出结论．【解答】解：连接OA，∵OA=OD，OB=OA，∴∠DAO=∠D=20°，∠BAO=∠B=30°，∴∠BAD=∠DAO+∠BAO=20°+30°=50°．故答案为50°．【点评】本题考查的是圆周角定理，根据题意作出辅助线，构造出等腰三角形是解答此题的关键．17．（3.00分）已知﹣1＜b＜0，0＜a＜1，则代数式a﹣b、a+b、a+b2、a2+b中值最大的是a﹣b．【分析】首先根据﹣1＜b＜0，0＜a＜1，判断出﹣b＞b，0＜b2＜1，0＜a2＜1，然后比较大小，判断出在代数式a﹣b，a+b，a+b2，a2+b中，对任意的a，b，对应的代数式的值最大的是哪个算式即可．【解答】解：∵﹣1＜b＜0，∴﹣b＞b，0＜b2＜1，∴a﹣b＞a+b，a﹣b＞a+b2；又∵0＜a＜1，∴0＜a2＜1，∴a﹣b＞a2+b；综上，可得在代数式a﹣b，a+b，a+b2，a2+b中，对任意的a，b，对应的代数式的值最大的是a﹣b．故答案为：a﹣b．【点评】此题主要考查了代数式的求值问题，以及代数式的值的大小比较，要熟练掌握，解答此题的关键是要明确：∴﹣b＞b，0＜b2＜1，0＜a2＜1．18．（3.00分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，OA=AB，∠OAB=90°，反比例函数y=（x＞0）的图象经过A，B两点．若点A的坐标为（n，1），则k的值为．【分析】作AE⊥x轴于E，BF⊥x轴于F，过B点作BC⊥y轴于C，交AE于G，则AG⊥BC，先求得△AOE≌△BAG，得出AG=OE=n，BG=AE=1，从而求得B（n+1，1﹣n），根据k=n×1=（n+1）（1﹣n）得出方程，解方程即可．【解答】解：作AE⊥x轴于E，BF⊥x轴于F，过B点作BC⊥y轴于C，交AE于G，如图所示：则AG⊥BC，∵∠OAB=90°，∴∠OAE+∠BAG=90°，∵∠OAE+∠AOE=90°，∴∠AOE=∠GAB，在△AOE和△BAG中，，∴△AOE≌△BAG（AAS），∴OE=AG，AE=BG，∵点A（n，1），∴AG=OE=n，BG=AE=1，∴B（n+1，1﹣n），∴k=n×1=（n+1）（1﹣n），整理得：n2+n﹣1=0，解得：n=（负值舍去），∴n=，∴k=；故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质、反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、解方程等知识；熟练掌握反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征，证明三角形全等是解决问题的关键．三、解答题（本大题共10小题，共86分）19．（10.00分）（1）计算（﹣）﹣1+﹣（﹣）0（2）计算（﹣）÷【分析】（1）先计算负整数指数幂、立方根、零指数幂，再计算加减可得；（2）根据分式的混合运算顺序和运算法则计算可得．【解答】解：（1）原式=﹣4+3﹣1=﹣2；（2）原式=[﹣]•（a+1）=•（a+1）=a﹣1．【点评】本题主要考查分式和实数的混合运算，解题的关键是熟练掌握分式混合运算顺序和负整数指数幂、立方根、零指数幂．20．（10.00分）（1）解不等式组：（2）解方程：﹣2=【分析】（1）分别求出不等式组中两不等式的解集，找出两解集的公共部分即可；（2）分式方程去分母转化为整式方程，求出整式方程的解得到x的值，经检验即可得到分式方程的解．【解答】解：（1），由①得：x＞0，由②得：x≤3，则不等式组的截击机为0＜x≤3；（2）设y=，方程变形为：y﹣2=，去分母得：y2﹣2y﹣3=0，解得：y=﹣1或y=3，可得=﹣1或=3，解得：x=或x=﹣，经检验x=与x=﹣都是分式方程的解．【点评】此题考查了解分式方程，以及解一元一次不等式组，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．21．（7.00分）某校为更好的开展“春季趣味运动会”活动，随机在各年级抽查了部分学生，了解他们最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型（跳绳、实心球、50m、拔河共四类），并将统计结果绘制成如下不完整的频数分布表（如图所示）根据以上信息回答下列问题：最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型频数分布表：（1）直接写出a=0.25，b=40；（2）将图中的扇形统计图补充完整（注明项目、百分比）；（3）若全校共有学生1200名，估计该校最喜爱50m和拔河的学生共约有多少人？【分析】（1）根据跳绳所对应的百分比可得a的值，再结合跳绳人数求得总人数，进一步求解可得b；（2）用360°乘以各自的频率即可求出圆心角，即可解答；（3）用总人数1200乘以喜爱50m和拔河的学生频率即可求解．【解答】解：（1）由扇形图知a=25%=0.25，∵总人数为25÷0.25=100（人），∴b=100×0.4=40，故答案为：0.25、40；（2）如图，实心球所占百分比为×100%=20%，50m所占百分比为0.4=40%，拔河所占百分比为0.15=15%，补全扇形图如下：（3）1200×（0.4+0.15）=660（人），答：全校共有学生1200名，估计该校最喜爱背夹球和拔河的学生大约有660人．【点评】本题考查了频数分布表及频数分布直方图，用到的知识点是：频率=频数÷总数，用样本估计整体让整体×样本的百分比即可．22．（7.00分）甲、乙、丙三人准备玩传球游戏．规则是：第1次传球从甲开始，甲先将球随机传给乙、丙两人中的一个人，再由接到球的人随机传给其他两人中的一个人…如此反复．（1）若传球1次，球在乙手中的概率为；（2）若传球3次，求球在甲手中的概率（用树状图或列表法求解）．【分析】（1）若传球1次，球有可能在乙手中，也有可能在丙手中，所以球在乙手中的概率为．（2）若传球3次，应用树状图法，求出球在甲手中的概率是多少即可．【解答】解：（1）∵传球1次，球有可能在乙手中，也有可能在丙手中，∴球在乙手中的概率为．（2），∵3次传球后，所有等可能的情况共有8种，其中球在甲手中的有2种情况，∴若传球3次，求球在甲手中的概率是：=．故答案为：．【点评】此题主要考查了列表法与树状图法，要熟练掌握，解答此题的关键是要明确：树状图法一般是选择一个元素再和其它元素分别组合，依次列出，像树的枝丫形式，最末端的枝丫个数就是总的可能的结果n．23．（8.00分）新房装修后，某居民购买家用品的清单如下表，因污水导致部分信息无法识别，根据下表解决问题：（1）居民购买垃圾桶，鞋架各几个？（2）若居民再次购买字画和垃圾桶两种家居用品共花费150元，则有哪几种不同的购买方案？【分析】（1）设居民购买垃圾桶x个，鞋架y个，根据表格中的数据列出方程组，求出方程组的解即可；（2）购买字画a个，购买垃圾桶b个，根据题意列出方程15b+45a=150，求出正整数解即可．【解答】解：（1）设居民购买垃圾桶x个，鞋架y个，则，解得：x=1，y=2，答：居民购买垃圾桶1个，鞋架2个；（2）设购买字画a个，购买垃圾桶b个，字画单价为90÷2=45，则15b+45a=150，b=10﹣3a，当a=1时，b=7，当a=2时，b=4，当a=3时，b=1，即有三种不同的购买方案：第一种方案是：购买字画1个，购买垃圾桶7个；第二种方案是：购买字画2个，购买垃圾桶4个；第三种方案是：购买字画3个，购买垃圾桶1个．【点评】本题考查了二元一次方程组和二元一次方程的应用，解此题的关键是弄懂题意，找出合适的等量关系，并列出方程组．24．（8.00分）如图，在菱形ABCF中，∠ABC=60°，延长BA至点D，延长CB至点E，使BE=AD，连结CD，EA，延长EA交CD于点G．（1）求证：△ACE≌△CBD；（2）求∠CGE的度数．【分析】（1）先判断出△ABC是等边三角形，根据等边三角形的性质可得BC=AC，∠ACB=∠ABC，再求出CE=BD，然后利用“边角边”证明即可；（2）连接AC，易知△ABC是等边三角形，由探究可知△ACE和△CBD全等，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠E=∠D，然后根据三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和求出∠CGE=∠ABC即可．【解答】解：（1）∵AB=AC，∠ABC=60°，∴△ABC是等边三角形，∴BC=AC，∠ACB=∠ABC，∵BE=AD，∴BE+BC=AD+AB，即CE=BD，在△ACE和△CBD中，，∴△ACE≌△CBD（SAS）；（2）如图，连接AC，易知△ABC是等边三角形，由（1）可知△ACE≌△CBD，∴∠E=∠D，∵∠BAE=∠DAG，∴∠E+∠BAE=∠D+∠DAG，∴∠CGE=∠ABC，∵∠ABC=60°，∴∠CGE=60°．【点评】本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质，等边三角形的判定与性质，菱形的性质，熟记性质并确定出三角形全等的条件是解题的关键，（2）作辅助线构造出探究的条件是解题的关键．25．（8.00分）某化工车间发生有害气体泄漏，自泄漏开始到完全控制利用了40min，之后将对泄漏有害气体进行清理，线段DE表示气体泄漏时车间内危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（0≤x≤40），反比例函数y=对应曲线EF表示气体泄漏控制之后车间危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（40≤x≤？）．根据图象解答下列问题：（1）危险检测表在气体泄漏之初显示的数据是20；（2）求反比例函数y=的表达式，并确定车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值．【分析】（1）根据题意和图象中的数据可以求得DE段对应的函数解析式，从而可以解答本题；（2）根据（1）中的函数解析式可以求得反比例函数的解析式，再根据（1）中的答案，即可解答本题．【解答】解：（1）当0≤x≤40时，y与x之间的函数关系式为y=ax+b，，得，∴y=1.5x+20，当x=0时，y=1.5×0+20=20，故答案为：20；（2）将x=40代入y=1.5x+20，得y=80，∴点E（40，80），∵点E在反比例函数y=的图象上，∴80=，得k=3200，即反比例函数y=，当y=20时，20=，得x=160，即车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值是160．【点评】本题考查一次函数的应用、反比例函数的应用，解答本题的关键是明确题意，找出所求问题需要的条件，利用函数的思想解答．26．（8.00分）如图，在电线杆CD上的C处引拉线CE、CF固定电线杆，拉线CE 和地面所成的角∠CED=60°，在离电线杆6m的B处安置高为1.5m的测角仪AB，在A处测得电线杆上C处的仰角为30°，求拉线CE的长．（结果保留根号）【分析】由题意可先过点A作AH⊥CD于H．在Rt△ACH中，可求出CH，进而CD=CH+HD=CH+AB，再在Rt△CED中，求出CE的长．【解答】解：过点A作AH⊥CD，垂足为H，由题意可知四边形ABDH为矩形，∠CAH=30°，∴AB=DH=1.5，BD=AH=6，在Rt△ACH中，tan∠CAH=，∴CH=AH•tan∠CAH，∴CH=AH•tan∠CAH=6tan30°=6×=2（米），∵DH=1.5，∴CD=2 +1.5，在Rt△CDE中，∵∠CED=60°，sin∠CED=，∴CE==4+≈5.7（米），答：拉线CE的长约为5.7米．【点评】此题主要考查解直角三角形的应用．要求学生借助仰角关系构造直角三角形，并结合图形利用三角函数解直角三角形．27．（10.00分）在Rt△ABC中，AB=BC=5，∠B=90°，将一块等腰直角三角板的直角顶点O放在斜边AC上，三角板的两直角边分别交直线AB、BC于E、F两点．（1）如图①，若O为AC的中点，点E、F分别在边AB、BC上．①当△OFC是等腰直角三角形时，∠FOC=90°或45°；②求证：OE=OF；（2）如图②，若AO：AC=1：4时，OE和OF有怎样的数量关系？证明你发现的结论．【分析】（1）①分两种情形分别求解即可；②图①中，连接OB．只要证明△BOE≌△COF，可得OE=OF；（2）结论：OF=3OE．首先证明△ANO∽△OMC，可得==，再证明△ONE ∽△OMF，可得==；【解答】（1）①解：当OF=OC，∠C=∠OFC=45°，∴∠FOC=90°．当FC=FO时，∠FOC=∠C=45°，故答案为90°或45°．②证明：如图①中，连接OB．∵BA=BC，∠ABC=90°，OA=OC，∴OB=OA=OC，∠ABO=∠C=45°，OB⊥AC，∴∠EOF=∠BOC=90°，∴∠EOB=∠FOC，∴△BOE≌△COF，∴OE=OF．（2）解：结论：OF=3OE．理由如下：作OM⊥BC于M，ON⊥AB于N．∵∠ANO=∠ABC=90°，∴ON∥BC，∴∠AON=∠C，∵∠ANO=∠OMC，∴△ANO∽△OMC，∴=，∴OA：AC=1：4，∴OA：OC=1：3，∴ON：OM=1：3，∵∠MON=∠EOF，∴∠EON=∠MON，∵∠ONE=∠OMF，∴△ONE∽△OMF，∴==【点评】本题考查三角形综合题、等腰直角三角形的性质、全等三角形的判定和性质、相似三角形的判定和性质等知识，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，构造相似三角形解决问题，属于中考常考题型．28．（10.00分）在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k与直线y=kx+1交于A、B两点，点A在点B的左侧．（1）如图1，当k=1时，直接写出A，B两点的坐标；（2）在（1）的条件下，点P为抛物线上的一个动点，且在直线AB下方，试求出△ABP面积的最大值及此时点P的坐标；（3）如图2，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k（k＞0）与x轴交于点C、D两点（点C 在点D的左侧），是否存在实数k使得直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切？若存在，请求出k的值；若不存在，请说明理由．【分析】（1）当k=1时，联立抛物线与直线的解析式，解方程求得点A、B的坐标；（2）如答图2，作辅助线，求出△ABP面积的表达式，然后利用二次函数的性质求出最大值及点P的坐标；（3）设直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切的切点为Q，以OC为直径的圆与直线AB相切于点Q，由圆周角定理可知，此时∠OQC=90°且点Q为唯一．以此为基础，构造相似三角形，利用比例式列出方程，求得k的值．需要另外注意一点是考虑直线AB是否与抛物线交于C点，此时不存在．【解答】解：（1）当k=1时，抛物线解析式为y=x2﹣1，直线解析式为y=x+1．联立两个解析式，得：x2﹣1=x+1，解得：x=﹣1或x=2，当x=﹣1时，y=x+1=0；当x=2时，y=x+1=3，∴A（﹣1，0），B（2，3）．（2）设P（x，x2﹣1）．如答图2所示，过点P作PF∥y轴，交直线AB于点F，则F（x，x+1）．∴PF=y F﹣y P=（x+1）﹣（x2﹣1）=﹣x2+x+2．S△ABP=S△PFA+S△PFB=PF（x F﹣x A）+PF（x B﹣x F）=PF（x B﹣x A）=PF =（﹣x2+x+2）=﹣（x﹣）2+∴S△ABP当x=时，y P=x2﹣1=﹣．∴△ABP面积最大值为，此时点P坐标为（，﹣）．（3）设直线AB：y=kx+1与x轴、y轴分别交于点E、F，则E（﹣，0），F（0，1），OE=，OF=1．在Rt△EOF中，由勾股定理得：EF==．令y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k=0，即（x+k）（x﹣1）=0，解得：x=﹣k或x=1．∴C（﹣k，0），OC=k．Ⅰ、设直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切的切点为Q，如答图3所示，则以OC为直径的圆与直线AB相切于点Q，根据圆周角定理，此时∠OQC=90°．设点N为OC中点，连接NQ，则NQ⊥EF，NQ=CN=ON=．∴EN=OE﹣ON=﹣．∵∠NEQ=∠FEO，∠EQN=∠EOF=90°，∴△EQN∽△EOF，∴=，即：=，解得：k=±，∵k＞0，∴k=．∴存在实数k使得直线y=kx+1与以OC为直径的圆相切，此时k=．Ⅱ、若直线AB过点C时，此时直线与以OC为直径的圆要相切，必有AB⊥x轴，而直线AB的解析式为y=kx+1，∴不可能相切，综上所述，k=时，使得直线y=kx+1与以OC为直径的圆相切．【点评】本题是二次函数压轴题，综合考查了二次函数及一次函数的图象与性质、解方程、勾股定理、直线与圆的位置关系、相似等重要知识点，有一定的难度．第（2）问中，注意图形面积的计算方法；第（3）问中，解题关键是理解“使得直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切”的含义．。

江苏省徐州市2018届中考英语一模试卷(含答案)

2018年春学期九年级摸底考试英语一、单项选择。

（本题共15小题；每题1分，计15分）( )1.-What does your new teacher look like?-She is a pretty lady ＿long hair.A. atB. forC. withD. of( )2 the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are teachers.A. A number of, womenB. A number of, womanC. The number of, womanD. The number of, women( )3 -Look,_ is dancing under the tree.-Oh, that's my cousin, Anna.A. everybodyB. somebodyC. anybodyD. nobody( )4 We have friends to help us fight against pollution, and trees are one of_ . A. themselves B. they C. their D. them( )5.Tom,a_ boy, can speak English quite well. He wants to learn language next term.A. twelve一year一old, a secondB. twelve一years一old, secondC. twelve一years一old, a secondD. twelve year old, the second( )6 -Why did you vote for Muggie?-Because she is very _.she always shares things with others.A. practicalB. activeC. generousD. energetic( )7 Love will last if we love the whole fine things around us.A. seldomB. alwaysC. neverD. sometimes( )8 I really enjoyed your speech,_ there were some parts I didn't quite understand.A. thoughB. becauseC. forD. until( )9. W hen you are swimming,_ your ears. You can use earplugs to stop water getting into your ears.A. take afterB. take part inC. take offD. take care of( )10.We pay to get into the concert. It's free.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. might notD. don't have to( )11.--I can't find Ted for three days. Where is he?-He Beijing for a meeting.A. has been toB. has gone toC. have been toD. have gone to()12. -I feel very happy that I to be the host.-Congratulations!A. chooseB. am chosenC. was chosenD. have chosen( )13. by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to stay another two days in the farm.A. AttractingB. AttractedC. To be attractedD. Having attracted( )14 I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonderA. Where you buy the ticketsB. why you like to go thereC. If you'd like to come alongD. when you watch the match( )15.-Hi, Paul. Long time no see. ?-I've just bought a new car. It's great!A. What's newB. What's wrongC. How are youD. What about you二、完形填空（本题共15小题；每题1分，计15分）It's never easy to admit（承认）you are wrong. We all 16 to know the art of apology. Think how often you've done wrong. Then count how many 17 you've expressed clearly you were 18 ．You can't go to bed with an easy mind if you do19 about it.A doctor, Mr Lied, told me about a man who came to him with different kinds of signs: headache, heart 20 and insomnia（失眠）.21 some careful exams, Mr Lied found nothing 22 with him and said, "If you don't tell me what 23 you, I can't help you."The man admitted he was cheating his brother of his inheritance（遗产）.Then the 24 doctor 25 the man write to his brother and 26 his money. As soon as the 27 was put into the post box, the man suddenly cried."Thank you, "he said to the doctor."I think I've got 28 ．"An apology can not only save a broken relationship but also make it 29 . If you can think of someone who should be 30 an apology from you, do something about it right now.( )16.A. decide B. have C. need D. try( )17.A. mistakes B. people C. ways D. times( )18.A. sorry B. weak C. sad D. wrong( )19.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything( )20.A. trouble B. matter C. illness D. question( )21 .A. Before B. After C. Till D. Since( )22. A. well B. wrong C. good D. bad( )23 .A. hurts B. changes C. touches D. worries( )24. A. clever B. silly C. good D. kind( )25 .A. made B. helped C. saw D. let( )26. A. return B. give C. keep D. pay( )27 .A. paper B. box C. money D. letter( )28 .A. better B. well C. sick D. worse( )29.A. never B. worse C. stronger D. harder( )30.A. given B. received C. known D. forgotten三、阅读理解A．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，（本题共15小题；每题2分，计30分）Be patient. Line up on the platform（站台）and wait for the train.Be polite. Let passengers get off first.31.The text is mainly about how to_ .A. be a careful driverB. buy MTR ticketsC. be a good passengerD. keep safe at home（）32. People who will get on the train should_ .A. wait in lineB. open the doorC. ask for helpD. leave the seats（）33 .When you hear a "beep" sound, _ .A. close the doorB. rush onto the trainC. get off the train at onceD. stop and wait for the next train（）34. Which picture shows the good behaviour on the train according to the text?（）35.The text is probably a _ .A .report B. notice C. diary D. poem(B)Do you want to live a happier, less stressful（有压力的）life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world-and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr Madan Kataria."Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day, "says Dr Kataria. "Everyone's naturally good at laughing-It' s the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives."There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1300 worldwide.Many doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLS School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.So, what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest illness club in south London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest-I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, nd I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say" ho ho ho, ha ha ha, "while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects.Surprisingly, it works! After ten minutes, everybody in the room was laughing for real-and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class, I was surprised by how relaxed and comfortable I felt.So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!( )36. In which country was the first Laughter Club started?A. Britain.B. America.C. Australia.D. India( )37 .How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class?A. Surprised.B. Pleased.C. Nervous.D. Stressful.( )38.When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real?A. After a few minutes.B. After a few hours.C. After a few seconds.D. After a few days.( )39 What does the underlined word mean in Chinese?A．影响B．效果C．力量D．价值( )40 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health.B. 40% of the people in Laughter Clubs are good friends.C. Adults laugh more often than children in a day.D. Laughing is the best way to prevent illness.(C)Are you ready to take action to protect Planet Earth? You may think it impossible, but you can begin by taking some small, but important, first steps. Many children and their classes in the USA are taking action.Children Campaingn Against WasteChildren are paying attention to the packaging（包装）of the things they buy. Packaging includes all the things you throw away when you unwrap anything new. One third of all rubbish is packaging. Mrs Perez's 4th grade class decides to make their school and neighbourhood know the waste in packaging. They want people to think before they buy. They also want to let people who make the products know that they want less waste in packaging. So they start a campaign to help people change how they shop.Class Project: Campaign Against Waste*Find out the facts. Use the websites to find out how much waste comes from packaging.*Go on a trip to the shops. Take notes about how products, such as CDs, are packaged. Report on how much will be thrown away.*Say no to bags. If we don't need one, we don't use one.*Make posters to tell others what they can do.*Talk to our families and friends about what we learn.*Write class letters to the people who produce our favourite products. Ask them to reduce packaging.Children Save WaterAnother class decides to help save water. Here's how they get started.Miguel Salazar lives in Meridian, Texas. Every day he walks home from school and passes Carrollton Creek（小溪）.The creek is filled with rubbish. But the creek is not always this way. Miguel's grandfather remembers flowers and plants grew along it and many people fished there in the past. So Miguel's class decides to clean up the creek. They make a plan.Class Project: Creek Clean Up* Write a letter to the mayor（市长）asking her to let us have a clean-up day at Carrollton Creek. Ask her for garbage cans to keep rubbish.*Make posters inviting others to help.*Ask parents to come along and help on Clean-Up Day.*Choose a day for the big Clean-Up!If one person can make a difference, think how much more can get done if people work together to care for Planet Earth.( )41 .The children in Mrs Perez's class start the campaign against_ .A. waterB. wasteC. shoppingD. fishing( )42. Miguel's class project is to_ .A. stop packagingB. go on a tripC. clean up Carrollton CreekD. talk to families and friends( )43.The underlined phrase" garbage cans" means"_ "in Chinese.A．批准B．捐款C．赞助商D．垃圾桶( )44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. There were flowers and plants along the creek.B. One third of all rubbish is packaging.C. Children use posters and letters to help with their work.D. Mrs Perez's class wants to choose a day for not using bags.( )45 .What's the main idea of the passage?A. Children can use the websites to find out the facts.B. People liked to fish along Carrollton Creek in the past.C. Everyone can do something small to help save Planet Earth.D. The mayor in Meridien can help the children with their project.第II卷（非选择题，共60分）B．任务型阅读（本题共10小题；每题1分，计10分）Many people find good friends but they fail to continue with their friendship, because they do not know their role as a friend. Let us see some important points that we should take care of if we wish to be a good friend for someone.Be a secret admirer of your friend: If your friend is good at something, then do not praise him just in front of him. Praising（表扬）a person for what he is good at does not improve his qualities. It surely will do harm to your friend. A good friendshould never miss an opportunity to praise his friend in front of others when he is not around.Pull your friend away from making mistakes: If your friend is doing something wrong, It is your duty to let him know it at earliest. Keep in mind: A best friend has to play a role of critic（批评家）if he wants his friend to stop doing wrong things. But keep in mind not to show your friend's mistakes in front of other people. It will spoil your friend's image in others' view. And additionally your friendship will be in danger. Sometimes it is important to understand your friend's intentions behind his actions and try to analyze（分析）the situation, then only you should give your opinion.Try to understand your friend: It is always important to understand what your friend is worried about or what problem he is facing. Always try to understand the situation your friend is in and try to calm him. It is obvious that if people have some problems, they will not speak up their problems to their brothers or sisters, they will instead tell everything to their friends. Let your friend speak up, just listen to him until your friend feels better.Try to teach good things: if you are a true friend, you should never give your hungry friend a fish, instead, you should teach him how to fish. This will give your friend food for lifetime. A good friend will never wish his friend to be dependent on someone.Do not interfere（妨碍）:The most important point that one should take care of is that your friend has his own life and you should not interfere in his life. You have a right to tell your friend what is good and what is bad, but you do not have a right to make someone do what you wish.Hope this will help you solve out some of your problems you are facing inC．阅读与回答问题（本题共5小题；每题2分，计In the early 1990s,China dreamt to build its spaceexploration station so that it can be one of thespace powers in the world. According to the ChinaNational Space Administration（中国航天局）,China' sSpace Program is made up of three steps.The first step is sending up a manned spacecraft. It will carry out all kindsof space experiments. The Shenzhou-5 and Shenzhou-6 have completed this task. Sending up a space laboratory marks the second step of the program. One of the most important tasks during this step is docking（对接）of a manned spacecraft and space lab.Shenzhou-7 was the third human space flight, which included the first Chinese extravehicular(舱外）activity. It is a milestone（里程碑）during this project. The building of the Tiangong-1 Space Lab, together with Shenzhou-8 to 10 Spacecraft, is expected to complete the rest of the second step tasks, which prepares for China's final goal of building a space station. It is part of Step 3.After about two years, Tiangong-1 returned to earth in 2013.Tiangong-2 was launched in 2016. It can do many experiments. And then, the Tiangong-3 space station will have astronauts living inside and can develop new types of vegetables and fruits or produce new materials in space. Cargo shuttles（货运飞机）will carry food, space suits and other necessary things into space. To our excitement, the first cargo shuttle named Tianzhou-1 will be sent into space. To our excitement, the first cargo shuttle named Tianzhou-1 will be sent into space late this month.The goal of having a space exploration station is to be realized by 2020. Then China will be the first country to build its space exploration station on its own. All Chinese look forward to seeing the day.56. Who plans the China's Space Program?(no more than 5 words)57.How many steps does the China's Space Program experience?(no more than 2 words)58.What is one of the most important tasks in the second step of China's Space Program?59. How can the necessary things be sent into space?(no more than 3 words)60. Why does China want to build space exploration station?四、词汇（本题共20小题；每题1分，计20分）A．根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。

2018年江苏省徐州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷和参考答案

2018年江苏省徐州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷一、选择填空（每小题1分，共15分）1．（1.00分）Be quick，__________ you'll be late for school．（）A．or B．so C．and D．but2．（1.00分）I need to buy a large，strong ___________ to carry food and water for the picnic on Sunday．（）A．helmet B．backpack C．pan D．tent3．（1.00分）This work is __________ for me than for you．It's new for me，but you have some experiences in this field．（）A．easy B．difficultC．more difficult D．much easier4．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Don't _______ hope．Everything will be over soon．﹣﹣﹣Yes．We should learn to be brave when we are in trouble．（）A．cheer up B．clean up C．give up D．use up5．（1.00分）David recommended me a few foreign songs，but __________ was to my taste．（）A．none B．neither C．some D．all6．（1.00分）I can guess you were in a hurry．You ___________ your T﹣shirt inside out．Be careful next time．（）A．have worn B．wore C．were wearing D．are wearing7．（1.00分）We'll never forget the people and places ______________ we visited in China．（）A．what B．which C．that D．where8．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Good news! I hear that we will go on a school trip out of our city．﹣﹣﹣Really？We wonder if not in Xuzhou，_____________．（）A．where we can go B．when we can goC．when can we go D．where can we go9．（1.00分）Look at the big window in my bedroom．Next to it ________ shelves fullof my favourite toys．（）A．are B．is C．was D．were10．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Where shall we go for dinner this evening？﹣﹣﹣A restaurant nearby．I have _________ a table there（）A．ordered B．bought C．sold D．booked11．（1.00分）The teacher did what she could _____________ me with my lessons．（）A．help B．helps C．helped D．to help12．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Where have you _______？I didn't see you a moment ago．﹣﹣﹣I _______ to the library．（）A．gone；have gone B．gone；wentC．been；went D．been；have gone13．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Jane won the first prize in the English competition．﹣﹣﹣____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English．（）A．How a B．How C．What a D．What14．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣How could I thank you enough？﹣﹣﹣___________．Any other man would have done that．（）A．As you like B．It's kind of youC．Don't mention it D．Well，it depends15．（1.00分）﹣I don't want to see Jack any more．What he did to me really surprised me．﹣Oh，I think you should have a good talk with him．After all，______．（）A．a friend in need is a friend indeedB．a friend is easier lost than foundC．a friend is never known till a man has needD．a life without a friend is a life without a sun二、完型填空（每小题1 分，共15分）16．（15.00分）Many years ago，I owned a service station and roadhouse on themain road between Melbourne and Adelaide．One very cold，wet night at about 3：30a．m．，there was a （1）on the front door of our house．A young man，wet from （2）to toe，explained that he had （3）out of petrol about 30km up the road．He had left his wife and his two children （4）at the car and said that he would hitchhike（搭便车）back．Once I had （5） a can with petrol，I took him back to his car where his two﹣year﹣old and four﹣year﹣old children were both （6），saying that they were cold．Once the car had started，I suggested that he could （7）me back．Before leaving，I had turned the heater （8）in the roadhouse，so that when we went in，it was nice and warm．While the little ones played and ran （9），I prepared bread and butter for the children，and hot chocolate for the adult．It was about 5a．m．before they （10）．The young fellow asked me how much he should pay for and I told him that the petrol pump（加油泵）had （11）￥15．He offered to pay "call﹣out fee"，but I wouldn't accept it．About a month later，I received a （12）from Interstate，a large bus company that we had been trying to get to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time．It （13）out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager，the most （14）person in the company．In his letter，he （15）me again and informed me that，from then on，all their buses would stop at my service station．In this case，a little bit kindness was rewarded with a huge prize．1．A．kick B．hit C．beat D．knock 2．A．finger B．shoulder C．head D．hand 3．A．driven B．used C．come D．run4．A．away B．behind C．over D．out5．A．fell B．poured C．put D．filled 6．A．sleeping B．crying C．quarrelling D．fighting 7．A．allow B．ring C．lead D．follow8．A．on B．off C．in D．over 9．A．around B．inside C．nearby D．along 10．A．left B．arrived C．ate D．disappeared 11．A．appeared B．seemed C．found D．shown 12．A．call B．letter C．check D．notice 13．A．pointed B．turned C．worked D．found 14．A．generous B．successful C．serious D．powerful 15．A．thanked B．complained C．encouraged D．supported三、阅读理解（每小题6分，共24分）阅读下面三篇短文，从各题所给地A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项17．（6.00分）CHARACTERS﹣﹣﹣Max and EmmaSCENE 1﹣﹣﹣Dining hall，Sunville Middle SchoolEMMA：Max! Hi! Mr．Sosa says our band（乐队）can play in the talent show! MAX：Cool! I'll tell Felipe to meet us in the music room after school for a practice．EMMA：Umm．I wonder if it's a good idea to have Felipe in our band…MAX：（With his mouth open）Of course it is! He's really good at the keyboard．EMMA：Really？He seems more interested in maths than anything else．MAX：Well，he says maths and music are connected．He says that learning to read music and playing keyboard is like learning maths formulas（公式）．EMMA：Then I'm sure he's good at music，too．With Felipe on keyboard，we'll really have an edge over the other groups．1．What is this passage probably taken from？A．A novelB．A surveyC．A playD．A newspaper2．The underlined word "edge" means ""．A．temperatureB．conversationC．advantageD．relationship3．Why does Emma wonder if it is a good idea to have Felipe in the band？A．She's not sure if Felipe is good at music．B．She thinks Felipe will help them win．C．She thinks the band has had enough players．D．She's imagining what songs Felipe likes to play．18．（8.00分）Jane Austen（1775﹣1817），an English novelist，started writing young and completed six novels in her life．Today Austen's books are more popular than ever．In the last 10years，five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films，while her books continue to be best﹣sellers．Richard Jenkyns，a professor of English at Oxford University，says that her novels are about marriage，friendships and the family，which are still with us today．"The stories are timeless，" Jenkyns said．Pride and Prejudice（偏见）（1813）is Austen's most famous work．It is a love story about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr．Darcy．At first，these two dislike each other．Elizabeth is pretty，smart and lively．She is proud because Darcy doesn't know about her family．Mr．Darcy is handsome，rich and has a better family background．So，he is proud as well．At the same time，Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family．He has no understanding of why the family，especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands．He thinks they are vulgar．Anyway，Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple but their families don't want them to．In Pride and Prejudice，some of the main things that Jane Austen wants to teach people are as follows．Opposites can attract each other．Lovers should not only make each other feel relaxed or comfortable，but also educate and improve each other．Austen is often called the greatest romantic writer，so it is surprising she remained unmarried．"Maybe she was too romantic，waiting for the perfect man，" Jenkyns says．1．From Paragraph 1and Paragraph 2，we can know．A．Jane Austen passed away in her fiftiesB．Austen's works remain popular todayC．all of Austen's works have been made into Hollywood films．D．Austen's works are mostly about war and the family．2．What does the underlined word "vulgar" in Paragraph 3mean？A．粗俗地B．鲁莽地C．吝啬地D．狡诈地3．Elizabeth hasn't a first good impression of Mr．Darcy because he is．A．too richB．too shyC．too proudD．too rude4．Which of the following sentences is True？A．Elizabeth and Darcy fall in love at first sight．B．Elizabeth has a better family background than Darcy．C．Darcy has a first good impression of Elizabeth's family．D．Elizabeth and Darcy become a romantic couple in the end．19．（10.00分）I will never forget my experiences in the United States．I went to an American college a year ago．Yet I did not know the real American society until I was hurt in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court （法院）．After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me．I was very grateful and decided to repay him one day．But the next day，he asked me to pay him ￥200for what he had done．I was surprised．He had a good reason to charge me，he said．And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible（负有责任地）for my accident，I'd have to have a good lawyer．And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer．Now that he had helped me find a good doctor，itwas only fair that I should pay him．But every day I went to see the doctor，I had to wait about 50minutes．He would see two or three patients at the same time，and often stop treating one so as to see another．Yet he charged me ￥115each time．The final examination report consisted of ten lines，and it cost me ￥215．My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met．But after that he avoided seeing me at all．He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident，yet he hardly did anything．He simply waited to collect his money．He was so irresponsible that I decided to refuse his help．And he made me pay him ￥770．Now I had to act as my own lawyer．I told the insurance（保险）company the date I was leaving America because of my inexperience（缺少经验）．Knowing that，they played for time and I left without getting a cent．My experiences taught me two things about America：firstly，in a country like America money is everything．It is more important than friendship，honor or professional morality．Secondly，foreigners are still being unfairly treated．So when we talk about America，we should see both its good and bad sides．1．The writer's roommate offered to help him because．A．he thought it was a chance to make some moneyB．he felt sorry for the writerC．he knew the doctor was a very good oneD．he wanted the writer to have a good lawyer2．A good lawyer is important for the writer to．A．be well treated by the doctorB．get well before he leaves that countryC．talk with the person responsible for the accidentD．get money from the person responsible for the accident3．Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very．A．selfishB．friendlyC．rudeD．busy4．The underlined word "charge" in the second paragraph means．A．职责B．掌管C．要价D．命令5．What conclusion can you get from the story？A．America is not a perfect country．B．One must be very careful while driving a car．C．There are more bad sides in America than good sides．D．Going to court is something very common in America．四、词语运用（每小题5分，共16分）20．（5.00分）选择方框内地单词或词组填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余地．in fact safer supposed homeless customer regret1．I prefer to travel by plane，because I think a plane is faster and than a train．2．，all of us think that is a very good idea．3．"We that the victim knew his murderer．" said Detective Lu．4．I having bought a robot like this．It is too lazy，I need to give it instructions all the time．5．The was angry with the salesgirl for her impolite answer．21．（1.00分）Mr．Li has a loud voice，so the students can hear him （clear）．22．（1.00分）Try to calm down and not to get（patient）while facing much stress．23．（1.00分）Mr．Li's lessons are so（live）that all his students like him．24．（1.00分）It's not an easy job to make your（pronounce）perfect．25．（1.00分）In 2020，the Palace Museum，which was completed in 1620，will celebrate its four（hundred）birthday．26．（6.00分）用所给动词地正确形式完成短文．In Britain，children begin learning French in junior school．Children spend an hour a week learning the language．Some schools even go on a school trip to France （1）（practice）speaking．When children reach high school，they continue their French studies．They （2）（give）the chance to learn German as well．In certain schools，children also learn Latin．This language is no longer spoken，but many English words and structures come from it．Having a good knowledge of Latin （3）（help）improve your English．Most children in British do not feel like （4）（learn）languages because English （5）（become）the international language，they think they will have no difficulty （6）（communicate）with others．五、阅读填词（每小题10分，共10分）27．（10.00分）Now students' English handwriting gets worse and worse．Their teachers worry about that．Is your English handwriting beautiful？If not，here are four steps that really work!Use paper with linesUsing paper with lines can keep you writing straight instead of up or down when you write English words or sentences．Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size．Be sure to fill the lined space completely．And remember to write proper capital letters．Slow downIf your writing is hard to read，try slowing down a little．For some kids，going a little slowly makes the handwriting clear．If you write too fast，it's hard for you to stop where you should，and even worse，you may make more mistakes．Hold your pencil correctlyWhen you hold your pencil correctly，writing is much easier．Some kids press down really hard when they write．That makes the handwriting not nice．Try to be relaxed and don't hold the pencil so hard．Let your writing appear nice and clean．Draw more picturesDrawing can improve your handwriting．You need to use the skills to control your pencil better when you are drawing pictures．Even though you have no chance to draw at school，you can practice by yourself at home．Handwriting is very important．Imagine you are a world﹣famous movie star or a well﹣known sports player，what do you do when your fans run up to you？Give them your autographs，of course!Steps to （1）Your English HandwritingReason Students' English handwriting gets worse and worse．That makes theirteachers feel （2）．StepsUse paperwith linesIt can help you （3）straight．Those lines helpyou to write in the right size．Make sure that you fill thelined space completely．Capital letters should be written（4）．Slow down If some kids write a little （5），theirhandwriting will be clear．You may make more （6）if you write too fast．Hold yourpencil （7）Writing is much easier．Don't press down too hard whenwriting．Try to （8）and don't hold the pencilso hard．Draw morepicturesIt is believed that drawing can make the handwritingbetter．Keep （9）!Handwriting is very （10）to every person．六、阅读短文，回答问题（每小题10分，共10分）28．（10.00分）Airbnb，the American flat rental （租赁）company，announced its Chinese name last month．It is "Aibiying （爱彼迎）"，meaning "to welcome each other with love"．The name has been met with laughter in China，although it means something good．This Chinese name is just hard to pronounce and sounds strange!It's not easy for companies to come up with a good brand （品牌）name．But it's even more difficult to translate it into Chinese．"Foreign companies have to understand there is meaning in Chinese characters．It's not like English where you can take letters and mix them together to make different sounds，" Tait Lawton from Nanjing Marketing Group said．"The wrong name will just give the wrong impression．"But some brands have done great jobs．Coca﹣Cola is a good example．Its Chinese name "kekou kele （可口可乐）" means "delicious fun" and stays true to the original English．On top of that，part of the name sounds like the Chinese word for "thirsty"．British bank HSBC also came up with a clever one，"hui feng （汇丰）"，it has a good Chinese meaning and sounds like every other local bank，instead of an international big company，according to Vladimir Djurovic from a company that helps brand foreign companies in China．"There is no absolute （绝对地）rule （when choosing a good Chinese name）．The right name will always depend on a couple of things，" he said．1．Why don't people like the Chinese name of Aibiying？2．According to Tait Lawton，which is more difficult，come up with an English brand name or translate it into Chinese？3．What's the difference between Chinese characters and English letters？4．The writer gives two examples of good Chinese name in the passage，what are they？5．Please list at least two possible rules when choosing a good Chinese name．七、书面表达（共20分）29．（20.00分）临近毕业，你们班级在征集如何庆祝毕业地活动建议，作为活动策划人，你采访了三位同学，他们说了自己地想法和理由，请根据记录地内容要点写一篇90词左右英语短文，并谈谈你自己地想法和理由．Name Activity ReasonJim have a party…relax …Lucy plant trees…beautiful …Nancy make a video…record…I…………注意：1．短文必须包括所有要点，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数．2．文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息．2018年江苏省徐州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择填空（每小题1分，共15分）1．（1.00分）Be quick，__________ you'll be late for school．（）A．or B．so C．and D．but【分析】快点，否则你会上学迟到地．【解答】答案：A；根据语境以及上下文，本题考查地是连词地用法．根据设空处前后句子可以推断句意是：快点，否则你会上学迟到地．．句型"祈使句+or+陈述句"，表示在以祈使句为条件下地相反假设，意为"否则，要不然"，所以用连词or（否则）；故选：A．2．（1.00分）I need to buy a large，strong ___________ to carry food and water for the picnic on Sunday．（）A．helmet B．backpack C．pan D．tent【分析】我需要买一个大而结实地背包来为星期天地野餐运送食物和水．【解答】四个选项都是名词，helmet地意思是"头盔，钢盔"，backpack地意思是"背包"，pan地意思是"平底锅"，tent地意思是"帐篷"；结合句意"我需要买一个大而结实地背包来为星期天地野餐运送食物和水．"可知，要填"背包"．故选：B．3．（1.00分）This work is __________ for me than for you．It's new for me，but you have some experiences in this field．（）A．easy B．difficultC．more difficult D．much easier【分析】这项工作比起你对我来说更难．对我来说它是新地，但你有这方面地经验．【解答】根据This work is __________ for me than for you．可知这里than用于比较级之中，从It's new for me判断对我来说应该更困难，这里用difficult．故选：C．4．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Don't _______ hope．Everything will be over soon．﹣﹣﹣Yes．We should learn to be brave when we are in trouble．（）A．cheer up B．clean up C．give up D．use up【分析】﹣﹣不要放弃希望，一切都会很快结束地．﹣﹣是地，当我们遇到困难时，我们应该学会勇敢．【解答】考查动词短语．A（使）振作起来．B打扫．C放弃．D用完．结合语境"﹣﹣不要__希望，一切都会很快结束地．﹣﹣是地，当我们遇到困难时，我们应该学会勇敢．"．可知，应该是"放弃"．故选：C．5．（1.00分）David recommended me a few foreign songs，but __________ was to my taste．（）A．none B．neither C．some D．all【分析】戴维给我推荐了几首外国歌曲，但没有一种符合我地口味．【解答】none没有一个，表示量；neither 两者都不；some 一些；all 所有地；此题根据语境戴维给我推荐了几首外国歌曲 a few foreign songs不是两首歌，故排除B，再根据but表示转折，可知没有适合我地，表示量应该用none．故选：A．6．（1.00分）I can guess you were in a hurry．You ___________ your T﹣shirt inside out．Be careful next time．（）A．have worn B．wore C．were wearing D．are wearing【分析】我猜你着急了．你把T恤衫穿反了．下次小心点．【解答】根据You ___________ your T﹣shirt inside out．可知这里应该是正穿着，表状态，由此判断句子地时态用现在进行时．构成be+Ving．故选：D．7．（1.00分）We'll never forget the people and places ______________ we visited in China．（）A．what B．which C．that D．where【分析】我们将永远不会忘记我们在中国拜访地人和参观地地方，【解答】what什么；which哪一个；that那个；where在哪里；此题考查定语从句，先行词是people and places ，既有人又有地方，像这种情况要用关系代词that．故选：C．8．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Good news! I hear that we will go on a school trip out of our city．﹣﹣﹣Really？We wonder if not in Xuzhou，_____________．（）A．where we can go B．when we can goC．when can we go D．where can we go【分析】好消息！我听说我们要去学校郊游．真地吗？我们想知道如果不是在徐州，我们可以去哪里．【解答】根据We wonder if not in Xuzhou，可知本句考查了宾语从句地用法．在宾语从句中所使用地语序应该是陈述句语序，选项CD是疑问句语序，不符合，排除．根据in Xuzhou这里表示地是一个地点，后面宾语从句用where引导．故选：A．9．（1.00分）Look at the big window in my bedroom．Next to it ________ shelves full of my favourite toys．（）A．are B．is C．was D．were【分析】看看我卧室里地大窗户．旁边是摆满了我最喜欢地玩具架子．【解答】此句是倒装句，介词短语Next to it 作表语，主语是shelves，是可数名词复数，结合句意"看看我卧室里地大窗户．旁边是摆满了我最喜欢地玩具架子．"可知，要用一般现在时．故选：A．10．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Where shall we go for dinner this evening？﹣﹣﹣A restaurant nearby．I have _________ a table there（）A．ordered B．bought C．sold D．booked【分析】﹣﹣今晚我们去哪里吃饭？﹣﹣附近有家餐厅．我在那里订了一张桌子．【解答】考查动词．A点．B买．C卖．D预订．结合语境"﹣﹣今晚我们去哪里吃饭？﹣﹣附近有家餐厅．我在那里_了一张桌子．"．可知，应该是"预订"．故选：D．11．（1.00分）The teacher did what she could _____________ me with my lessons．（）A．help B．helps C．helped D．to help【分析】老师尽她所能帮助我学习功课．【解答】根据The teacher did what she could _____________ me with my lessons．可知这里用to引导地不定式表目地．故选：D．12．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Where have you _______？I didn't see you a moment ago．﹣﹣﹣I _______ to the library．（）A．gone；have gone B．gone；wentC．been；went D．been；have gone【分析】﹣﹣﹣你去哪了？我刚才没看见你．﹣﹣﹣我去图书馆了．【解答】根据句意可知，前句要现在完成时，前面有助动词have，后面填过去分词been，表示去某地，已经回来了；后句说地刚才地事情，要用一般过去时．故选：C．13．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣Jane won the first prize in the English competition．﹣﹣﹣____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English．（）A．How a B．How C．What a D．What【分析】﹣﹣简在英语竞赛中获得一等奖．﹣﹣她取得了多么大地进步啊！她过去英语很差．【解答】根据big progress she has made!可知这里考查了感叹句，本句地中心词是progress，它是一个不可数名词，big是一个形容词，在这里修饰progress，根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!这里应该用what．故选：D．14．（1.00分）﹣﹣﹣How could I thank you enough？﹣﹣﹣___________．Any other man would have done that．（）A．As you like B．It's kind of youC．Don't mention it D．Well，it depends【分析】我怎么感谢你呢？不客气．其他人也会这么做地．【解答】考查情境对话．A．As you like随你便；B．It's kind of you 你真好；C．Don't mention it不客气；D．Well，it depends好地，看情况．根据题干Any other man would have done that．可知应说不客气．故选：C．15．（1.00分）﹣I don't want to see Jack any more．What he did to me really surprised me．﹣Oh，I think you should have a good talk with him．After all，______．（）A．a friend in need is a friend indeedB．a friend is easier lost than foundC．a friend is never known till a man has needD．a life without a friend is a life without a sun【分析】﹣﹣我不想看到杰克了．他对我做地一切真地让我吃惊．﹣﹣哦，我想你应该跟他好好谈一谈．毕竟，得朋友难，失朋友易．【解答】答案：B选项A 患难见真情，选项B得朋友难，失朋友易；选项C 需要之时方知友；选项D 人生没有朋友，犹如人生没有太阳．结合第一句句意：我不想看到杰克了．他对我做地一切真地让我吃惊．结合答语I think you should have a good talk with him可以推断出第二句句意是说不想让对方失去朋友，故选B．二、完型填空（每小题1 分，共15分）16．（15.00分）Many years ago，I owned a service station and roadhouse on the main road between Melbourne and Adelaide．One very cold，wet night at about 3：30a．m．，there was a （1）D on the front door of our house．A young man，wet from （2）C to toe，explained that he had （3）D out of petrol about 30km up the road．He had left his wife and his two children （4）B at the car and said that he would hitchhike （搭便车）back．Once I had （5）D a can with petrol，I took him back to his car where his two﹣year﹣old and four﹣year﹣old children were both （6）B，saying that they were cold．Once the car had started，I suggested that he could （7）D me back．Before leaving，I had turned the heater （8）A in the roadhouse，so that when we went in，it was nice and warm．While the little ones played and ran （9）A，I prepared bread and butter for the children，and hot chocolate for the adult．It was about 5a．m．before they （10）A．The young fellow asked me how much he should pay for and I told him that the petrol pump（加油泵）had （11）D￥15．He offered to pay "call﹣out fee"，but I wouldn't accept it．About a month later，I received a （12）B from Interstate，a large bus company that we had been trying to get to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time．It （13）B out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager，the most （14）D person in the company．In his letter，he （15）A me again and informed me that，from then on，all their buses would stop at my service station．In this case，a little bit kindness was rewarded with a huge prize．1．A．kick B．hit C．beat D．knock 2．A．finger B．shoulder C．head D．hand 3．A．driven B．used C．come D．run4．A．away B．behind C．over D．out5．A．fell B．poured C．put D．filled 6．A．sleeping B．crying C．quarrelling D．fighting 7．A．allow B．ring C．lead D．follow8．A．on B．off C．in D．over 9．A．around B．inside C．nearby D．along 10．A．left B．arrived C．ate D．disappeared 11．A．appeared B．seemed C．found D．shown 12．A．call B．letter C．check D．notice 13．A．pointed B．turned C．worked D．found 14．A．generous B．successful C．serious D．powerful 15．A．thanked B．complained C．encouraged D．supported【分析】本文讲述了一个很温情地故事，某一天地凌晨，一个浑身都湿透了地人来到我地加油站寻求帮助，我给他提供了热情地服务，并把他地孩子和妻子照顾地很好．我地这个善良地行为最后让我自己得到了很大地好处．告诉我们不要吝啬对别人地帮助，有时候一个小小地善意地帮助会有令人意外地收获．【解答】1．D 考查动词．knock意为"敲"；kick 意为"踢"；hit 意为"打，打击，命中"；beat 意为"打，拍，敲，连打"，作"敲"地意思时表示用工具进行敲打．根据其宾语the front door可判断出敲前门．knock与介词on连用，表示有人敲门．故选D．2．C 考查名词．head意为"头"，finger 意为"手指"；shoulder 意为"肩膀"；hand 意为"手"．from head to toe表示"从头到脚"，根据上文中地One very cold，wet night可判断出来人从头到脚都湿透了．From head to toe表示从头到脚．故选C．3．D 考查动词．run out of意为"用完"；drive out of 意为"驱逐出"；come out of 意为"出现，真相大白"．根据下文中地"Once I had filled a can with petrol"可判断出这位年轻人来地原因他汽车中地汽油用完了，想让作者帮忙．故选D．4．B 考查短语．leave sb．behind意为"把某人留下"，leave over 意为"剩下，暂时不去解决"；leave out 意为"省去，遗漏，不考虑"．根据上文中地"he had run out of petrol about 30 km up the road"可判断出他把怀孕地妻子和孩子们留在了汽车里．故选B．5．D 考查动词．fill…with意为"用……充满"；fell意为"落到"；pour 意为"注，倒，灌，泻，喷散（液体、粉粒、光线等），流（血等），倾注，源源不断地输送"；put 意为"放"．根据上下文Once I had…a can with petrol，可判断出作者充满了一罐汽油，带那位年轻人到他地妻子和孩子们留在地那个地方．故选D．6．B 考查动词．cry意为"哭叫"；sleep 意为"睡，睡眠，睡着"；quarrel 意为"争吵，争论"；fight 意为"打仗，搏斗，打架"．根据下文中地"saying that they were cold"可判断出由于天气寒冷一个两岁地孩子和一个四岁地孩子都在哭喊．"故选B．7．D 考查动词．follow意为"跟随"；allow 意为"准许（做某事），许可（某现象存在）"；ring 意为"给……打电话"；lead 意为"率领，指挥，领导，主持"．根据下文Before leaving，可判断出作者建议年轻人跟他一起回去．故选D．8．A 考查短语．turn on意为"打开"；turn off 意为"关掉"；turn in 意为"出卖，把……向内折，告发，取得"；turn over 意为"打翻，营业额达到，周转，移交给，反复考虑，翻身，折腾，翻阅"．根据上文中"One very cold，wet night"可判断出作者已经把房间里地加热器打开了．故选A．9．A 考查副词．around意为"各处，四处"，run around表示"四处跑"；inside 意为"在内，在内部，在里面"；nearby 意为"附近"；along 意为"沿，循"．根据上文While the little ones played and ran ，可知指孩子们到处跑着玩耍．故选A．10．A 考查动词．left意为"离开"，arrive 意为"到达"；eat 意为"吃"；disappear 意为"消失"．根据上文It was about 5a．m．before they ，可知指他们大约是在5点地时候离开地．故选A．11．D 考查动词．show意为"显现，呈现"；appear 意为"出现，露出，显现"；exhibit 意为"表明，显示，显出"；calculate 意为"计算，核算"．根据上文中地"Once I filled a can with petrol"可判断出作者灌满了一罐汽油，所以加油泵上显示出油钱是15美元．故选D．12．B 考查名词．letter意为"信"；call 意为"电话"；check 意为"收据，发票，（餐馆）账单"；notice 意为"情报，消息，通知，预告，警告，（正式）通告，呈报"．根据下文中地In the letter，可判断出作者收到一封信．故选B．13．B 考查短语．turn out意为"证明是"，point out 意为"指出"；work out 意为"可以解决，设计出，计算出，消耗完"；find out 意为"找出，发现，查明（真相等），认识到，想出，揭发"．根据下文the young fellow I had helped was its general manager，可知表示作者知道他帮助地那位年轻人是一位总经理．故选B．14．D 考查形容词．powerful意为"有权力地"，generous 意为"宽大地，慷慨地，大方地"；successful 意为"成功地"；serious 意为"严肃地，一本正经地"．根据上文中地"the young fellow I had helped was its general manager"可判断出因为这位年轻人是总经理所以在公司里最有权力．故选D．15．A考查动词．thanked意为感谢；complained 意为抱怨；encouraged 意为鼓励；supported 意为支持．根据前后句In his letter，he…me again and informed me，可知在他地信中，他再次感谢我，并告诉我．故选A．三、阅读理解（每小题6分，共24分）阅读下面三篇短文，从各题所给地A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项17．（6.00分）CHARACTERS﹣﹣﹣Max and EmmaSCENE 1﹣﹣﹣Dining hall，Sunville Middle SchoolEMMA：Max! Hi! Mr．Sosa says our band（乐队）can play in the talent show! MAX：Cool! I'll tell Felipe to meet us in the music room after school for a practice．EMMA：Umm．I wonder if it's a good idea to have Felipe in our band…MAX：（With his mouth open）Of course it is! He's really good at the keyboard．EMMA：Really？He seems more interested in maths than anything else．MAX：Well，he says maths and music are connected．He says that learning to read music and playing keyboard is like learning maths formulas（公式）．EMMA：Then I'm sure he's good at music，too．With Felipe on keyboard，we'll really have an edge over the other groups．1．What is this passage probably taken from？CA．A novelB．A surveyC．A playD．A newspaper2．The underlined word "edge" means "C"．A．temperature。

江苏省徐州市2018年九年级数学下学期期中(一模)试题

九年级联校第一次模拟试题九年级数学试题（全卷共140分，考试时间120分钟）一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分．在每小题所给的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的代号填在答题卡的相应位置上） 1．下列各数中， 3-的倒数是（） A ．3 B ．13-C ．31D ．3- 4．在下面四个几何体中，俯视图是三角形的是A ．B ．C ．D ． 3．下列运算正确的是（）A ．22a a a ∙=B ．()22ab ab = C ．624a a a ÷=D ．()325aa =4．使分式32x -有意义的x 的取值范围是（） A ．x ≠2 B ．x ＞2 C ．x ＜2 D ．x ≥2 5．下列图形中，是中心对称图形但不是轴对称图形的是( )6．一个不透明的布袋中，放有3个白球，5个红球，它们除颜色外完全相同，从中随机摸取1个，摸到红球的概率是( )． A ．58 B ．15 C ．38 D ．137．如图，菱形ABCD 的对角线AC 、BD 相交于O 点，E 、F 分别是AB 、BC 边上的中点，连接EF .若BD=4，则菱形ABCD 的周长为（）A ．4B ．．．28B ．D ． C ． A ．x（第7题）（第8题）8．若函数y kx b =+的图象如图所示，则关于x 的不等式(3)0k x b ++<的解集为（） A. 2x ＜ B. 2x ＞ C. x ＜-1 D. x ＞-1二．填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应的位置上） 9．16的平方根是10．已知一粒大米的质量约为0.000021千克，该重量用科学记数法表示为千克11．2015年徐州某一周各日的空气污染指数为127、98、78、85、95、191、70，这组数据的中位数是 12．一个正八边形每个内角的度数为度13．如果关于x 的一元二次方程240x x m +-=没有实数根，那么m 的取值范围是14．在直角坐标系中，将点(－2，3)关于原点的对称点向左平移2个单位长度得到的点的坐标是 15．如图，在⊙o 中，AB 为直径，CDBAD= 度.（第15题）（第16题）16．如图，⊙O 是△ABC 的外接圆，∠AOB ＝60°，AB ＝AC ＝2，则弦BC =_________.17．如图，用一个半径为 30cm ，面积为 300πcm 2的扇形铁皮，制作一个无底的圆锥(不计损耗)，则圆锥的底面半径r 为 cm（第17题）（第18题）18．如图，圆心都在x 轴正半轴上的半圆1O ，半圆2O ，…，半圆n O 与直线x y 33=相切，设半圆1O ，半圆2O ，…，半圆n O 的半径分别是1r ，2r ，…，n r ，当11=r 时，则2016r ＝三、解答题（本大题共10小题，共86分，请在答题卡指定区域内作答，解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤） 19．（本题10分）计算（1）1 021 20162(3)4-⎛⎫--+-- ⎪⎝⎭（2）11236aaa a-⎛⎫+÷⎪--⎝⎭20．（本题10分）（1）解方程：2320x x-+=（2）解不等式组⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x－1>2，2＋x≥2（x－1）.21．（本题7分）设中学生体质健康综合评定成绩为x分，满分为100分．规定：85≤x≤100为A级，75≤x＜85为B级，60≤x＜75为C级，x＜60为D级．现随机抽取某中学部分学生的综合评定成绩，整理绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．请根据图中的信息，解答下列问题：（1）在这次调查中，一共抽取了________名学生，a＝______%；（2）补全条形统计图；（3）扇形统计图中C级对应的圆心角为多少度；（4）若该校共有2000名学生，请你估计该校D级学生有多少名？22．（本题7分）某网上书城“五一·劳动节”期间在特定的书目中举办特价促销活动，有A、B、C、D 四本书是小明比较中意的，但是他只打算选购两本，求下列事件的概率：（1）小明购买A书，再从其余三本书中随机选一款，恰好选中C的概率是（2）小明随机选取两本书，请用树状图或列表法求出他恰好选中A、C两本的概率．23．（本题8分）已知：如图，在矩形ABCD中，M、N分别是边AD、BC的中点，E、F分别是线段BM、CM 的中点．（1）求证： MB=MC；（2）填空：当AB∶AD= 时，四边形MENF是正方形．（本小题不需写解答过程）24．（本题8分）为了响应学校提出的“节能减排，低碳生活”的倡议，班会课上小明建议每位同学都践行“双面打印，节约用纸”．他举了一个实际例子：打印一份资料，如果用A4厚型纸单面打印，总质量为400克，若将其全部改成双面打印，用纸将减少一半；现用A4薄型纸双面打印，总质量仅为160克.已知每页薄型纸比厚型纸轻0.8克，求例子中的A4厚型纸每页的质量.（墨的质量忽略不计）提示：总质量=每页纸的质量×纸张数25．（本题8分）如图，一海轮位于灯塔P的西南方向，距离灯塔402海里的A处，它沿正东方向航行一段时间后，到达位于灯塔P的南偏东60°方向上的B处，求航程AB的值（结果保留根号）．26．（本题8分）如图，已知A（﹣4，），B（n，2）是一次函数y=kx+b与反比例函数y=mx（m＜0）图象的两个交点，AC⊥x轴于C，BD⊥y轴于D．（1）求m、n的值及一次函数关系式；（2）根据图象直接回答：在第二象限内，当x满足条件：时，一次函数大于反比例函数的值．（3）P是线段AB上的一点，连接PC，PD，若△PCA和△PDB面积相等，求点P坐标．27．（本题10分）甲开汽车，乙骑自行车从M地出发沿一条公路匀速前往N地，乙先出发一段时间后甲才出发，设乙行驶的时间为t(h)，甲乙两人之间的距离为y(km)，y与t的函数关系如图1所示，其中点C的坐标为（7100,33），请解决以下问题：（1）甲比乙晚出发 h （2）分别求出甲、乙二人的速度（3）丙骑摩托车与乙同时出发，从N地沿同一条公路匀速前往M地，若丙经过43h与乙相遇①设丙与M地的距离为S(km)，行驶的时间为t(h)，求S与t之间的函数关系式（不用写自变量的取值范围）②丙与乙相遇后再用多少时间与甲相遇28．（本题10分）已知：如图①，在□ABCD中，AB＝3cm，BC＝5cm．AC⊥AB。

江苏省徐州市2018—2019学年度第二学期期中联校检测检测化学试卷(word版含答案)

2018—2019 学年度第二学期期中检测九年级化学试题（化学满分60 分，与物理同场考试时间共140 分钟）可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Fe-56 Zn-65一、选择题（本题包括10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1.每年 4 月 22 日是“世界地球日”，旨在唤起人类爱护地球、保护家园的意识。

以下与环境保护相违背的是A．重拾手帕，不用一次性纸巾B．少开私家车，多乘坐公共交通工具C．开发新能源逐步代替化石燃料D．废旧电池没有回收价值，可以随意丢弃2.下列物质的用途与其物理性质有关的是A．铜常用来生产导线B．常用生石灰作干燥剂C．70%的酒精溶液常用作消毒剂D．用石蕊试液检验溶液的酸碱性3.下列实验现象描述错误的是A.将燃着的木炭放入氧气中，木炭剧烈燃烧、发出白光B.将SO2通入高锰酸钾溶液中，高锰酸钾溶液褪色C.打开浓盐酸的试剂瓶盖，瓶口有白烟产生D.洁净的铁钉放入硫酸铜溶液中，表面出现红色物质，溶液逐渐变为浅绿色4．科学的方法是实验成功的前提条件。

下列方法或要求存在错误的是A.用胶头滴管吸取液体时，要先挤瘪橡胶头，再将滴管伸入到液体中吸取B.稀释浓硫酸时，将水慢慢地注入浓硫酸中，并用玻璃棒不断地搅拌C．实验室进行模拟炼铁时，应先通一段时间的CO 气体，然后再加热D．测定空气中氧气体积含量时，点燃红磷后要迅速将燃烧匙伸入集气瓶并塞紧橡皮塞5.“辣条”等劣质食品中常添加过量的“甜蜜素”，有害人体健康。

工业上由环己胺（化学式是C6H11NH2）与氢氧化钠反应合成“甜蜜素”。

下列对环己胺的叙述不正确的是A．从类别上看：环己胺属于有机化合物B．从性质上看：环己胺可以与碱反应C.从组成上看：环己胺中碳元素和氮元素的质量比为36︰7D.从结构上看：环己胺由6 个碳原子、13 个氢原子、1 个氮原子构成6.为纪念元素周期表诞生150 周年，联合国宣布2019 年为“元素周期表年”。

2018年江苏省徐州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷-教师用卷

2018年江苏省徐州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷副标题一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.Be quick，__________ you'll be late for school．（）A. orB. soC. andD. but【答案】A【解析】答案：A；根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法．根据设空处前后句子可以推断句意是：快点，否则你会上学迟到的．．句型"祈使句+or+陈述句"，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为"否则，要不然"，所以用连词or（否则）；故选：A．快点，否则你会上学迟到的．比较和分析选项中连词的不同含义及其用法是解答该题的关键；还要根据句中信息正确推测该句句意，进而作出解答．2.I need to buy a large， strong ___________ to carry food and water for the picnic on Sunday．（）A. helmetB. backpackC. panD. tent【答案】B【解析】四个选项都是名词，helmet的意思是"头盔，钢盔"，backpack的意思是"背包"，pan的意思是"平底锅"，tent的意思是"帐篷"；结合句意"我需要买一个大而结实的背包来为星期天的野餐运送食物和水．"可知，要填"背包"．故选：B．我需要买一个大而结实的背包来为星期天的野餐运送食物和水．名词词意辨析，要牢记单词的词意及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．3.This work is __________ for me than for you． It's new for me， but you have some experiences in this field．（）A. easyB. difficultC. more difficultD. much easier【答案】C【解析】根据This work is __________ for me than for you．可知这里than用于比较级之中，从 It's new for me判断对我来说应该更困难，这里用difficult．故选：C．这项工作比起你对我来说更难．对我来说它是新的，但你有这方面的经验．解答本题需要注意than一般用于比较级之中．4.---Don't _______ hope． Everything will be over soon．--- Yes． We should learn to be brave when we are in trouble．（）A. cheer upB. clean upC. give upD. use up【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语．A（使）振作起来．B打扫．C放弃．D用完．结合语境"--不要__希望，一切都会很快结束的．--是的，当我们遇到困难时，我们应该学会勇敢．"．可知，应该是"放弃"．故选：C．--不要放弃希望，一切都会很快结束的．--是的，当我们遇到困难时，我们应该学会勇敢．考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式．完成试题．5.David recommended me a few foreign songs， but __________ was to my taste．（）A. noneB. neitherC. someD. all【答案】A【解析】none没有一个，表示量；neither 两者都不；some 一些；all 所有的；此题根据语境戴维给我推荐了几首外国歌曲 a few foreign songs不是两首歌，故排除B，再根据but表示转折，可知没有适合我的，表示量应该用none．故选：A．戴维给我推荐了几首外国歌曲，但没有一种符合我的口味．此题考查不定代词用法，在理解每个不定代词的意思和用法的基础之上，结合句子意思的细分析，便可以得出正确答案．6.I can guess you were in a hurry． You ___________ your T-shirt inside out． Be careful next time．（）A. have wornB. woreC. were wearingD. are wearing【答案】D【解析】根据 You ___________ your T-shirt inside out．可知这里应该是正穿着，表状态，由此判断句子的时态用现在进行时．构成be+Ving．故选：D．我猜你着急了．你把T恤衫穿反了．下次小心点．解答本题需要注意现在进行时的构成：be+Ving．7.We'll never forget the people and places ______________ we visited in China．（）A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where【答案】C【解析】what什么；which哪一个；that那个；where在哪里；此题考查定语从句，先行词是people and places ，既有人又有地方，像这种情况要用关系代词that．故选：C．我们将永远不会忘记我们在中国拜访的人和参观的地方，此题考查关系代词，在理解关系代词意思基础上，结合语境，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．8.---Good news! I hear that we will go on a school trip out of our city．---Really？ We wonder if not in Xuzhou， _____________．（）A. where we can goB. when we can goC. when can we goD. where can we go【答案】A【解析】根据We wonder if not in Xuzhou，可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法．在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序，选项CD是疑问句语序，不符合，排除．根据in Xuzhou这里表示的是一个地点，后面宾语从句用where引导．故选：A．好消息！我听说我们要去学校郊游．真的吗？我们想知道如果不是在徐州，我们可以去哪里．本题考查宾语从句，做题时注意三要素时态、语序和引导词．本题先考虑语序问题，再根据句子的上下文的意思，做出选择．9.Look at the big window in my bedroom． Next to it ________ shelves full of my favourite toys．（）A. areB. isC. wasD. were【答案】A【解析】此句是倒装句，介词短语Next to it 作表语，主语是shelves，是可数名词复数，结合句意"看看我卧室里的大窗户．旁边是摆满了我最喜欢的玩具架子．"可知，要用一般现在时．故选：A．看看我卧室里的大窗户．旁边是摆满了我最喜欢的玩具架子．考查主谓一致，要牢记主谓一致的特点及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．10.--- Where shall we go for dinner this evening？--- A restaurant nearby． I have _________ a table there（）A. orderedB. boughtC. soldD. booked【答案】D【解析】考查动词．A点．B买．C卖．D预订．结合语境"--今晚我们去哪里吃饭？--附近有家餐厅．我在那里_了一张桌子．"．可知，应该是"预订"．故选：D．--今晚我们去哪里吃饭？--附近有家餐厅．我在那里订了一张桌子．动词是表示动作或者是状态的词，要结合语境，注意时态，人称等变化，掌握一些固定搭配．选择合适答案完成试题．11.The teacher did what she could _____________ me with my lessons．（）A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. to help【答案】D【解析】根据The teacher did what she could _____________ me with my lessons．可知这里用to引导的不定式表目的．故选：D．老师尽她所能帮助我学习功课．解答本题需要注意：句子中to引导的不定式表目的．12.---Where have you _______？ I didn't see you a moment ago．--- I _______ to the library．（）A. gone； have goneB. gone； wentC. been； wentD. been； have gone【答案】C【解析】根据句意可知，前句要现在完成时，前面有助动词have，后面填过去分词been，表示去某地，已经回来了；后句说的刚才的事情，要用一般过去时．故选：C．---你去哪了？我刚才没看见你．---我去图书馆了．先浏览所给的问题以及选择项，然后带着问题在通读原文的基础上快速地找到答案，然后再回过头来检查一遍，确保万无一失．13.--- Jane won the first prize in the English competition．--- ____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English．（）A. How aB. HowC. What aD. What【答案】D【解析】根据big progress she has made!可知这里考查了感叹句，本句的中心词是progress，它是一个不可数名词，big是一个形容词，在这里修饰progress，根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!这里应该用what．故选：D．--简在英语竞赛中获得一等奖．--她取得了多么大的进步啊！她过去英语很差．本题考查了感叹句的用法．解答时需注意感叹句的基本结构：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!14.--- How could I thank you enough？--- ___________． Any other man would have done that．（）A. As you likeB. It's kind of youC. Don't mention itD. Well， it depends【答案】C【解析】考查情境对话．A．As you like随你便；B．It's kind of you 你真好；C．Don't mention it不客气；D．Well，it depends好的，看情况．根据题干Any other man would have done that．可知应说不客气．故选：C．我怎么感谢你呢？不客气．其他人也会这么做的．首先迅速的浏览一遍对话，根据下句Any other man would have done that，结合给出的选项，认真的考虑，做出准确的答案．15.-I don't want to see Jack any more．What he did to me really surprised me．-Oh，I think you should have a good talk with him．After all，______．（）A. a friend in need is a friend indeedB. a friend is easier lost than foundC. a friend is never known till a man has needD. a life without a friend is a life without a sun【答案】B【解析】答案：B选项A 患难见真情，选项B得朋友难，失朋友易；选项C 需要之时方知友；选项D 人生没有朋友，犹如人生没有太阳．结合第一句句意：我不想看到杰克了．他对我做的一切真的让我吃惊．结合答语I think you should have a good talk with him可以推断出第二句句意是说不想让对方失去朋友，故选B．--我不想看到杰克了．他对我做的一切真的让我吃惊．--哦，我想你应该跟他好好谈一谈．毕竟，得朋友难，失朋友易．本题考查的是谚语的辨析，理解句意并掌握各个谚语的意思是解答本题的关键二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Many years ago，I owned a service station and roadhouse on the main road between Melbourne and Adelaide．One very cold，wet night at about 3：30a．m．，there was a (16) on the front door of our house．A young man，wet from (17) to toe，explained that he had (18) out of petrol about 30km up the road．He had left his wife and his two children (19) at the car and said that he would hitchhike（搭便车）back．Once I had (20) a can with petrol，I took him back to his car where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both (21)，saying that they were cold．Once the car had started，I suggested that he could (22) me back．Before leaving，I had turned the heater (23) in the roadhouse，so that when we went in，it was nice and warm．While the little ones played and ran (24)，I prepared bread and butter for the children，and hot chocolate for the adult．It was about 5a．m．before they (25)．The young fellow asked me how much he should pay for and I told him that the petrol pump（加油泵）had (26)￥15．He offered to pay "call-out fee"，but I wouldn't accept it．About a month later，I received a (27) from Interstate，a large bus company that we had been trying to get to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time．It (28) out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager，the most (29) person in the company．In his letter，he (30) me again and informed me that，from then on，all their buses would stop at my service station．In this case，a little bit kindness was rewarded with a huge prize．16. A. kick B. hit C. beat D. knock17. A. finger B. shoulder C. head D. hand18. A. driven B. used C. come D. run19. A. away B. behind C. over D. out20. A. fell B. poured C. put D. filled21. A. sleeping B. crying C. quarrelling D. fighting22. A. allow B. ring C. lead D. follow23. A. on B. off C. in D. over24. A. around B. inside C. nearby D. along25. A. left B. arrived C. ate D. disappeared26. A. appeared B. seemed C. found D. shown27. A. call B. letter C. check D. notice28. A. pointed B. turned C. worked D. found29. A. generous B. successful C. serious D. powerful30. A. thanked B. complained C. encouraged D. supported【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】B 【小题5】D 【小题6】B 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】A 【小题10】A 【小题11】D 【小题12】B 【小题13】B 【小题14】D 【小题15】A 【解析】1．D 考查动词．knock意为"敲"；kick 意为"踢"；hit 意为"打，打击，命中"；beat 意为"打，拍，敲，连打"，作"敲"的意思时表示用工具进行敲打．根据其宾语the front door可判断出敲前门．knock与介词on连用，表示有人敲门．故选D．2．C 考查名词．head意为"头"，finger 意为"手指"；shoulder 意为"肩膀"；hand 意为"手"．from head to toe表示"从头到脚"，根据上文中的One very cold，wet night可判断出来人从头到脚都湿透了．From head to toe表示从头到脚．故选C．3．D 考查动词．run out of意为"用完"；drive out of 意为"驱逐出"；come out of 意为"出现，真相大白"．根据下文中的"Once I had filled a can with petrol"可判断出这位年轻人来的原因他汽车中的汽油用完了，想让作者帮忙．故选D．4．B 考查短语．leave sb．behind意为"把某人留下"，leave over 意为"剩下，暂时不去解决"；leave out 意为"省去，遗漏，不考虑"．根据上文中的"he had run out of petrol about 30 km up the road"可判断出他把怀孕的妻子和孩子们留在了汽车里．故选B．5．D 考查动词．fill…with意为"用……充满"；fell意为"落到"；pour 意为"注，倒，灌，泻，喷散（液体、粉粒、光线等），流（血等），倾注，源源不断地输送"；put 意为"放"．根据上下文Once I had…a can with petrol，可判断出作者充满了一罐汽油，带那位年轻人到他的妻子和孩子们留在的那个地方．故选D．6．B 考查动词．cry意为"哭叫"；sleep 意为"睡，睡眠，睡着"；quarrel 意为"争吵，争论"；fight 意为"打仗，搏斗，打架"．根据下文中的"saying that they were cold"可判断出由于天气寒冷一个两岁的孩子和一个四岁的孩子都在哭喊．"故选B．7．D 考查动词．follow意为"跟随"；allow 意为"准许（做某事），许可（某现象存在）"；ring 意为"给……打电话"；lead 意为"率领，指挥，领导，主持"．根据下文Before leaving，可判断出作者建议年轻人跟他一起回去．故选D．8．A 考查短语．turn on意为"打开"；turn off 意为"关掉"；turn in 意为"出卖，把……向内折，告发，取得"；turn over 意为"打翻，营业额达到，周转，移交给，反复考虑，翻身，折腾，翻阅"．根据上文中"One very cold，wet night"可判断出作者已经把房间里的加热器打开了．故选A．9．A 考查副词．around意为"各处，四处"，run around表示"四处跑"；inside 意为"在内，在内部，在里面"；nearby 意为"附近"；along 意为"沿，循"．根据上文While the little ones played and ran ，可知指孩子们到处跑着玩耍．故选A．10．A 考查动词．left意为"离开"，arrive 意为"到达"；eat 意为"吃"；disappear 意为"消失"．根据上文It was about 5a．m．before they ，可知指他们大约是在5点的时候离开的．故选A．11．D 考查动词．show意为"显现，呈现"；appear 意为"出现，露出，显现"；exhibit 意为"表明，显示，显出"；calculate 意为"计算，核算"．根据上文中的"Once I filled a can with petrol"可判断出作者灌满了一罐汽油，所以加油泵上显示出油钱是15美元．故选D．12．B 考查名词．letter意为"信"；call 意为"电话"；check 意为"收据，发票，（餐馆）账单"；notice 意为"情报，消息，通知，预告，警告，（正式）通告，呈报"．根据下文中的In the letter，可判断出作者收到一封信．故选B．13．B 考查短语．turn out意为"证明是"，point out 意为"指出"；work out 意为"可以解决，设计出，计算出，消耗完"；find out 意为"找出，发现，查明（真相等），认识到，想出，揭发"．根据下文the young fellow I had helped was its general manager，可知表示作者知道他帮助的那位年轻人是一位总经理．故选B．14．D 考查形容词．powerful意为"有权力的"，generous 意为"宽大的，慷慨的，大方的"；successful 意为"成功的"；serious 意为"严肃的，一本正经的"．根据上文中的"the young fellow I had helped was its general manager"可判断出因为这位年轻人是总经理所以在公司里最有权力．故选D．15．A考查动词．thanked意为感谢；complained 意为抱怨；encouraged 意为鼓励；supported 意为支持．根据前后句In his letter，he…me again and informed me，可知在他的信中，他再次感谢我，并告诉我．故选A．本文讲述了一个很温情的故事，某一天的凌晨，一个浑身都湿透了的人来到我的加油站寻求帮助，我给他提供了热情的服务，并把他的孩子和妻子照顾的很好．我的这个善良的行为最后让我自己得到了很大的好处．告诉我们不要吝啬对别人的帮助，有时候一个小小的善意的帮助会有令人意外的收获．完形填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答．对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配．本文主要考查了动词、名词、形容词、副词、等实词，需要考生弄懂上下文的语境．三、阅读理解（本大题共12小题，共24.0分）ACHARACTERS---Max and EmmaSCENE 1---Dining hall，Sunville Middle SchoolEMMA：Max! Hi! Mr．Sosa says our band（乐队）can play in the talent show!MAX：Cool! I'll tell Felipe to meet us in the music room after school for a practice．EMMA：Umm．I wonder if it's a good idea to have Felipe in our band…MAX：（With his mouth open）Of course it is! He's really good at the keyboard．EMMA：Really？He seems more interested in maths than anything else．MAX：Well，he says maths and music are connected．He says that learning to read music and playing keyboard is like learning maths formulas（公式）．EMMA：Then I'm sure he's good at music，too．With Felipe on keyboard，we'll really have an edge over the other groups．31.What is this passage probably taken from？______A. A novelB. A surveyC. A playD. A newspaper32.The underlined word "edge" means " ______ "．A. temperatureB. conversationC. advantageD. relationship33.Why does Emma wonder if it is a good idea to have Felipe in the band？______A. She's not sure if Felipe is good at music．B. She thinks Felipe will help them win．C. She thinks the band has had enough players．D. She's imagining what songs Felipe likes to play．【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】C 【小题3】A【解析】1．C 细节推理题．根据整篇文章内容及其第一段句子CHARACTERS---Max and Emma．SCENE 1---Dining hall，Sunville Middle School人物---麦克斯和艾玛．地点：Sunville中学的餐厅．可知可能来自一个剧本．故选C．2．C 词义猜测题．根据上句"With Felipe on keyboard，we'll really have an edge over the other groups"中的over the other groups（超出其他组），可知edge的含义为"优势"本句表示"在Felipe键盘的帮助下，我们将有超出其他组的优势．temperature温度；advantage优点；conversation 对话；relationship关系．故选C．3．A细节理解题．根据第七行句子"EMMA：Really？He seems more interested in maths than anything else．"可知Emma认为Felipe不擅长音乐，更擅长数学．故选A．这篇是Max与Emma的一场舞台剧的第一场景：地点：Sunville中学的餐厅．内容：Emma说Sosa老师说他们的乐队可以在才艺表演上表演．Max很高兴，说要放学后找Felipe一起来练习．可是Emma认为Felipe不适合参加乐队，他对数学更感兴趣．Max说数学和音乐是有联系的，学习音乐和玩键盘就像是学数学公式．最后，Emma 也同意了Max的观点，同意Felipe参加乐队表演．在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．BJane Austen（1775-1817），an English novelist，started writing young and completed six novels in her life．Today Austen's books are more popular than ever．In the last 10years，five of her six novels have been made into Hollywood films，while her books continue to be best-sellers．Richard Jenkyns，a professor of English at Oxford University，says that her novels are about marriage，friendships and the family，which are still with us today．"The stories are timeless，" Jenkyns said．Pride and Prejudice（偏见）（1813）is Austen's most famous work．It is a love story about Elizabeth Bennet and Mr．Darcy．At first，these two dislike each other．Elizabeth is pretty，smart and lively．She is proud because Darcy doesn't know about her family．Mr．Darcy is handsome，rich and has a better family background．So，he is proud as well．At the same time，Darcy holds a prejudice against the Bennet family．He has no understanding of why the family，especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands．He thinks they are vulgar．Anyway，Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple but their families don't want them to．In Pride and Prejudice，some of the main things that Jane Austen wants to teach people are as follows．Opposites can attract each other．Lovers should not only make each other feel relaxed or comfortable，but also educate and improve each other．Austen is often called the greatest romantic writer，so it is surprising she remained unmarried．"Maybe she was too romantic，waiting for the perfect man，" Jenkyns says．34.From Paragraph 1and Paragraph 2，we can know ______ ．A. Jane Austen passed away in her fiftiesB. Austen's works remain popular todayC. all of Austen's works have been made into Hollywood films．D. Austen's works are mostly about war and the family．35.What does the underlined word "vulgar" in Paragraph 3mean？______A. 粗俗的B. 鲁莽的C. 吝啬的D. 狡诈的36.Elizabeth hasn't a first good impression of Mr．Darcy because he is ______ ．A. too richB. too shyC. too proudD. too rude37.Which of the following sentences is True？______A. Elizabeth and Darcy fall in love at first sight．B. Elizabeth has a better family background than Darcy．C. Darcy has a first good impression of Elizabeth's family．D. Elizabeth and Darcy become a romantic couple in the end．【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】D【解析】1．B 细节理解题．根据第二段句子"which are still with us today．"这部小说仍然和我们在一起，可知这部小说现在仍然很受欢迎．故选B．2．A 词义理解题．根据前句"He has no understanding of why the family，especially its mother and daughters should try so hard to find wealthy and powerful husbands ．"达西不理解他的家庭，尤其是妈妈和女儿应该努力去找有钱的，有势的丈夫．可知结合选项，应说他认为他们是粗俗的，所以vulgar意为粗俗的．故选A．3．C 细节理解题．根据第三段句子So，he is proud as well．可知伊丽莎白对达西先生的印象不太好，因为他是太骄傲了．故选C．4．D细节判断题．根据第三段句子"Anyway，Elizabeth and Darcy finally fall in love and become a romantic couple"可知伊丽莎白和达西有情人终成眷属，成了一对浪漫的恋人．故选D．短文主要介绍了简•奥斯汀英国著名小说家，主要完成了六部小说，其中五部已经被好莱坞拍成了电影．她的作品主要关于婚姻、友谊和家庭，其最著名的作品是《傲慢与偏见》主要叙述了伊丽莎白•本内特和达西之间的爱情故事，历经重重困难终于成为爱人．在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．CI will never forget my experiences in the United States．I went to an American college a year ago．Yet I did not know the real American society until I was hurt in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court（法院）．After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me．I was very grateful and decided to repay him one day．But the next day，he asked me to pay him ￥200for what he had done．I was surprised．He had a good reason to charge me，he said．And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible（负有责任的）for my accident，I'd have to have a good lawyer．And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer．Now that he had helped me find a good doctor，it was only fair that I should pay him．But every day I went to see the doctor，I had to wait about 50minutes．He would see two or three patients at the same time，and often stop treating one so as to see another．Yet he charged me ￥115each time．The final examination report consisted of ten lines，and it cost me ￥215．My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met．But after that he avoided seeing me at all．He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident，yet he hardly did anything．He simply waited to collect his money．He was so irresponsible that I decided to refuse his help．And he made me pay him ￥770．Now I had to act as my own lawyer．I told the insurance（保险）company the date I was leaving America because of my inexperience（缺少经验）．Knowing that，they played for time and I left without getting a cent．My experiences taught me two things about America：firstly，in a country like America money is everything．It is more important than friendship，honor or professional morality．Secondly，foreigners are still being unfairly treated．So when we talk about America，we should see both its good and bad sides．38.The writer's roommate offered to help him because ______ ．A. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyB. he felt sorry for the writerC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the writer to have a good lawyer39. A good lawyer is important for the writer to ______ ．A. be well treated by the doctorB. get well before he leaves that countryC. talk with the person responsible for the accidentD. get money from the person responsible for the accident40.Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very ______ ．A. selfishB. friendlyC. rudeD. busy41.The underlined word "charge" in the second paragraph means ______ ．A. 职责B. 掌管C. 要价D. 命令42.What conclusion can you get from the story？______A. America is not a perfect country．B. One must be very careful while driving a car．C. There are more bad sides in America than good sides．D. Going to court is something very common in America．【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】C 【小题5】A 【解析】1．A．推理判断题．根据But the next day，he asked me to pay him770．可知这位律师不负责任，只等着要钱，故推断这个律师不为顾客着想，因此是自私的．故选A．4．A．词义猜测题．根据But the next day，he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done．可知我的室友想我要钱，故选：A．5．A．概括归纳题．根据My experiences taught me two things about America：firstly，in a country like America money is everything．It is more important than friendship，honor or professional morality．可知从这个故事中我们知道，在美国金钱比一切重要．由此可以推断出：美国不是一个完美的国家．故选：A．本文讲述了作者在美国发生了车祸，他的室友因为帮助他而要钱，他的治疗医生以及需要的律师都是只注重要钱．最后作者总结在美国金钱比一切都重要，那里对外国人不公平．首先要通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据上下文的联系以及本文的文意，结合给出的选择项，就可以确定正确答案．四、任务型阅读-简答（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）43.Airbnb，the American flat rental （租赁）company，announced its Chinese name lastmonth．It is "Aibiying （爱彼迎）"，meaning "to welcome each other with love"．The name has been met with laughter in China，although it means something good．This Chinese name is just hard to pronounce and sounds strange!It's not easy for companies to come up with a good brand （品牌）name．But it's even more difficult to translate it into Chinese．"Foreign companies have to understand there is meaning in Chinese characters．It's not like English where you can take letters and mix them together to make different sounds，" Tait Lawton from Nanjing Marketing Group said．"The wrong name will just give the wrong impression．"But some brands have done great jobs．Coca-Cola is a good example．Its Chinese name "kekou kele （可口可乐）" means "delicious fun" and stays true to the originalEnglish．On top of that，part of the name sounds like the Chinese word for "thirsty"．British bank HSBC also came up with a clever one，"hui feng （汇丰）"，it has a good Chinese meaning and sounds like every other local bank，instead of an international big company，according to Vladimir Djurovic from a company that helps brand foreign companies in China．"There is no absolute （绝对的）rule （when choosing a good Chinese name）．The right name will always depend on a couple of things，" he said．Why don't people like the Chinese name of Aibiying？______According to Tait Lawton，which is more difficult，come up with an English brand name or translate it into Chinese？______What's the difference between Chinese characters and English letters？______The writer gives two examples of good Chinese name in the passage，what are they？______ Please list at least two possible rules when choosing a good Chinese name．______【答案】【小题1】Because it's hard to pronounce and 【小题2】Translating theEnglish namesinto Chinese is【小题3】There ismeaning inChinesecharacters while【小题4】kekoukeleandhuifeng．【小题5】①Agood Chinesename should havegood Chinesesounds strange．more difficult English lettersdon't havemeaning．meaning．②A goodChinese name iseasy topronounce．【解析】1．Because it's hard to pronounce and sounds strange．细节理解题；根据 This Chinese name is just hard to pronounce and sounds strange!这个中文名字很难发音，听起来很奇怪！可得出答案．2． Translating the English names into Chinese is more difficult．细节理解题；根据But it's even more difficult to translate it into Chinese但是把它翻译成中文更难．可得出答案．3． There is meaning in Chinese characters while English letters don't have meaning．细节理解题；根据Foreign companies have to understand there is meaning in Chinese characters． It's not like E nglish where you can take letters and mix them together to make different sounds，"外国公司必须了解汉字的含义，这不像英语，你可以把字母组合在一起，发出不同的声音．可得出答案．4． kekoukele and hui feng．细节理解题；根据 Coca-Cola is a good example，以及British bank HSBC also came up with a clever one， "hui feng （汇丰）"，可口可乐就是一个很好的例子，英国英国银行（汇丰银行）也想出了一个聪明的汇丰"．可得出答案．5．①A good Chinese name should have good Chinese meaning．细节理解题；根据原文 it has a good Chinese meaning and sounds like every other local bank它有很好的中文意思，听起来像其他地方银行一样．可得出其中一个优点．②A good Chinese name is easy to pronounce．细节理解题；根据原文" This Chinese name is just hard to pronounce and sounds strange"这个中文名字很难发音，听起来很奇怪．可得出另一个优点．本文主要通过美国公寓租赁公司Airbnb取中文名字Aibiying让人感到是一个奇怪的名字，外国公司取错误的名字只会给人留下错误的印象，但是也有一些公司中文名字很好--kekou kele ，hui feng．此题考查阅读表达，在理解文章意思基础上，根据每个题目要求，结合语境仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．五、任务型阅读-完成表格（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）44.Now students' English handwriting gets worse and worse．Their teachers worry aboutthat．Is your English handwriting beautiful？If not，here are four steps that really work!Use paper with linesUsing paper with lines can keep you writing straight instead of up or down when you write English words or sentences．Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size．Be sure to fill the lined space completely．And remember to write proper capital letters．Slow downIf your writing is hard to read，try slowing down a little．For some kids，going a little slowly makes the handwriting clear．If you write too fast，it's hard for you to stop where you should，and even worse，you may make more mistakes．Hold your pencil correctlyWhen you hold your pencil correctly，writing is much easier．Some kids press down really hard when they write．That makes the handwriting not nice．Try to be relaxed and。

江苏省徐州市18届九年级下学期第一次模拟考试语文试题解析版

徐州市2018年初中毕业、升学考试模拟试卷语文试题（本试卷共6页，满分140分，考试时间150分钟。

答案全部涂写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效。

）一积累与运用1. 古诗文默写（1）东风不与周郎便，_______________。

（杜牧《赤壁》）（2）__________________，自缘身在最高层。

（王安石《登飞来峰》）（3）荡胸生曾云，__________________。

（杜甫《望岳》）（4）安得广厦千万间，__________________。

风雨不动安如山。

（杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》）（5）_________________，吟鞭东指即天涯。

（龚自珍《己亥杂诗》）（6）诚宜开张圣听，_______________，_______________，_____________，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

（诸葛亮《出师表》）（7）岁月匆匆，“时间都去哪儿了”，我们不由得想起孔子在河边的那声感叹：“_____________，__________________”。

【答案】(1). （1）铜雀春深锁二乔(2). （2）不畏浮云遮望眼(3). （3）决眦入归鸟(4). （4）大庇天下寒士俱欢颜(5). （5）浩荡离愁白日斜(6). （6）以光先帝遗德，(7). 恢弘志士之气，(8). 不宜妄自菲薄(9). （7）逝者如斯夫，(10). 不舍昼夜【解析】本题属于基础题，也是各地中考语文必考题。

默写题不论分几种类型，都是以记忆、积累为根本的，然后在此基础上加以理解、应用、赏析。

解题时一是要透彻理解诗歌的内容，二是要认真审题，找出合适的诗句，三是答题时不能写错别字。

本题中需要注意的易写错的字是：遮，庇。

2. 下列词语中加点字的字音和字形全部正确．．．．的一项是（）A. 憎．（zèng）恨荫．（yīn）蔽遍稽群藉．（jí）引颈．（jǐng）受戮B. 创．（chàng）伤戏谑．（xuè）令人作呕．（ōu）诲．（huì）人不倦C. 锃．（zèng）亮强劲．（jìng）迥．（jiǒng）乎不同芸芸．．（yún）众生D. 光纤．（qiān）扶掖．（yè）强聒．（guō）不舍苍．（cāng）海桑田【答案】C【解析】本题考查学生对字音、字形的掌握情况，对汉字字形的正确书写能力。

江苏省徐州市市区2018—2019学年度九年级第二学期期中联校检测检测英语试卷(原卷版)

江苏省徐州市市区2018—2019学年度第二学期期中联校检测检测英语试卷一、选择填空1.You are sure to fail the exam ________ you study hard.A. ifB. unlessC. sinceD. that2.Look! Duo Bujie is getting the first place. ________ fast runner he is!A. HowB. What aC. How aD. What3.The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmlands. A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer4.---What’s your favorite film?--- The Wondering Earth. It shows a lot of imagination, has a sense of humor. A. too; to B. neither; nor C. either; or D. not only; but also5.Mind your ________, Linda! It’s not polite to make a loud noise at the dinner table.A. situationB. suggestionC. expressionD. manners6.--- There have been great changes in Xuzhou in the past few years.--- I can’t agree more. The changes there are ________ imagination.A. overB. pastC. beyondD. with7.--- Do you think colors can ________ your feelings?---I think so. Red makes me happy. So I like red very much.A. influenceB. increaseC. interviewD. introduce8.The math problem is so hard that ________ students can work it out.A. a fewB. a littleC. manyD. few9.I don’t know the teacher ________ is talking with Miss Wang.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. what10.---Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you, Dad?---No, you ________, son. You’re free to make your own decision.A. can’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t11.--- ________ is it from the park to the theatre?---It’s about half an hour by under ground.A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far12.--- I wonder ________.---Yes, of course.A. why we will visit the museumB. when we will get to the museumC. whether the museum is worth visitingD. what we can see in the museum13.--- It’s a li ttle cold. Would you mind closing the window?---________. I will do it right away.A. Forget itB. No, you can’tC. Of courseD. Not at all14.Xuzhou Department Store ________ for about 70 years. It will be moved soon.A. has been openB. has openedC. has openD. has been opened15.--- My son is too short to be a successful basketball player.--- ________. Every dog has its day.A. I think soB. It’s hard to sayC. That’s rightD. You’d better not二、完型填空根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

[首发]江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级下学期期中(一模)考试语文参考答案及评分标准

2017～2018学年度第二学期期中检测九年级语文参考答案及评分标准1.（10分）⑴蒹葭苍苍⑵瀚海阑干百丈冰⑶似曾相识燕归来⑷千里共婵娟⑸影布石上佁然不动俶尔远逝往来翕忽⑹黄鹤一去不复返白云千载空悠悠2.（3分）D（A眼花缭．乱，B纤（xiān）细，C伫（zhù）立）3.（4分）⑴（2分）情不自禁奇妙⑵（2分）你是否被河流元气淋漓、激情四溢的歌唱感染和渗透？4.（3分）C（《礼记》是西汉戴圣编的）5.（3分）C（谟失/谋落）6.(4分)（1）同“避”，躲避（2）不仅仅（3）恼怒（4）国家7.(3分)D（A．超过，胜过（厉害，严重）/非常，很；B．得到，获得/得通“德”，这里是感激的意思；C．苟且/如果）8.（4分）（1）由此可见（因此，所以），他们所喜爱的有比生命更宝贵的东西（那就是“义”）；他们所厌恶的，有比死亡更严重的事（那就是“不义”）。

（2）我愿意背着陛下，投身于海，为国献身，不落敌人之手成为俘虏。

9.（1分）舍生取义10.（3分）D（“日月之行，若出其中；星汉灿烂，若出其里”表现大海吞吐日月星汉的气势，抒发了诗人的宏大抱负。

）11.(3分)“这样计划好”是指祥子在从他并不真爱的虎妞难产去世后的难过中解脱出来后，决定去找曹先生帮忙找一份工作，然后和他心爱的小福子“一同齐心努力地往前奔”。

12.（4分）【甲】段中的祥子：精神、能干、勤劳，对生活充满希望，从“他的眼亮得像个老鹰的眼，发着光向四外扫射”和拼命拉车挣钱可看出。

(不结合选段内容的只给1分)【乙】段中的祥子：懒惰、奸滑、无赖和不负责任，对生活失望的“走兽”，从他不洗澡、不洗衣服、不剃发、不讲究车、倒客、打架进警局、故意耍坏等可看出。

(不结合选段内容的只给1分)13.（3分）祥子从农村来到“文化之城”，决定用自己的强壮的身体和勤劳朴实的品质，买一辆车，过上美好生活，可残酷的现实却让他“三起三落”，车没有买成，媳妇虎妞难产去世，心爱的小福子上吊死亡……最终使他彻底失望并堕落，沦为“走兽”。

江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级下学期期中(一模)考试语文试题(附答案)$846532

2017～2018学年度第二学期期中检测九年级语文试题（友情提醒：本卷共6页，满分为140分，考试时间为150分钟；答案全部涂、写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效）1.古诗文默写（10分）⑴▲，在水一方。

（《诗经》）⑵▲，愁云惨淡万里凝。

（岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》）⑶无可奈何花落去，▲（晏殊《浣溪沙》）⑷但愿人长久, ▲(苏轼《水调歌头·明月几时有》）⑸日光下澈，▲。

▲，▲，▲。

似与游者相乐。

⑹崔颢在《黄鹤楼》中融情于景，表达物是人非感慨的诗句是：▲，▲2．下面加点字的音、形都正确的一项是（▲）（3分）A．池沼．（zhǎo）讪．笑（shàn）谰．（lán）语眼花瞭．乱（liáo）B．点缀．（zhuì）纤．(qiān)细嶙．（lín）峋鳞次栉．（zhì）比C．伫．（chù）立默契．（qì）呆滞．（zhì）毛骨悚．(sǒng)然D．酝酿．（niàng）分歧．（qí）匀称．（chèn）重峦叠嶂．（zhàng）3.阅读下面一段文字，回答问题。

（4分）你沿着河流行走过吗？你是否惊异于河流频繁变换的唱腔和深情的旋律？你是否被河流元气淋漓、激情四溢的歌唱渗透和感染？并（▲）地随着河流的歌声也敞开了嗓子，加入了河流的歌唱？有一次，我一人在大巴山的山野间漫游，沿着一条小河行走，小河就为我一人唱歌，那嗓子真是好极了，没有一丝杂质。

我听得入迷，到了山的转弯处，已是黄昏，眼看这首歌接近了尾声，心里正要惆怅。

嗨，面前的河流却像突然记起什么，愣了一会儿，就急忙转过身，又原路返回去了。

我也就折回身，随了河流走过去。

河流就把刚才唱过的歌又给我唱了一遍，然后才转过身呢喃着走进雾蒙蒙的河谷。

嗬，这时候，我才知道我遇到了倒淌河。

那个时刻多么珍贵，那条河流多么（▲），我生命中的一段好时光发生了倒流，在河流连续唱了两遍的歌声里，我连续两次返回了青春。

精品解析：【全国市级联考】江苏省徐州市2018届九年级中考一模试卷数学试题(解析版)

2018年江苏省徐州市中考数学一模试卷一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1. 下列图形中，是轴对称图形但不是中心对称图形的是（）A. 等边三角形B. 正六边形C. 正方形D. 圆【答案】A【解析】等边三角形是轴对称图形；正六边形、正方形、圆既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形．故选A．2. 下列计算正确的是（）A. 30=0B. ﹣|﹣3|=﹣3C. 3﹣1=﹣3D. =±3【答案】B【解析】试题解析：A、30=1，故A错误；B、，故B正确；C、故C错误；D、，故D错误．故选B．3. 如图是由四个相同的小正方体组成的立体图形，它的俯视图为（）A. B. C. D.【答案】C【解析】试题分析：根据三视图的法则可得，这个立体图形的俯视图为D.考点：三视图.4. 某同学一周中每天体育运动时间（单位：分钟）分别为：35、40、45、40、55、40、48．这组数据的众数、中位数是（）A. 55、40B. 40、42.5C. 40、40D. 40、45【答案】C【解析】试题解析：∵40分钟出现了3次，出现的次数最多，∴这组数据的众数是40分；把这些数从小到大排列为35、40、40、40、45、48、55，则中位数是40；故选C．点睛：众数就是出现次数最多的数，中位数是指将数据按大小顺序排列起来,形成一个数列,居于数列中间位置的那个数据.5. 人体血液中，红细胞的直径约为0.0000077m．用科学记数法表示0.0000077m是（）A. 0.77×10﹣5B. 7.7×10﹣5C. 7.7×10﹣6D. 77×10﹣7【答案】C【解析】试题解析：绝对值小于1的正数也可以利用科学记数法表示，一般形式为与较大数的科学记数法不同的是其所使用的是负指数幂，指数由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．故选C．6. 袋子里有4个黑球，m个白球，它们除颜色外都相同，经过大量实验，从中任取一个球恰好是白球的频率是0.20，则m的值是（）A. 1B. 2C. 4D. 16【答案】A【解析】试题解析：袋子里有4个黑球，m个白球，若从中任取一个球恰好是白球的概率是根据题意可得：解得m=1．故选A．7. 如图，平行四边形ABCD中，E，F分别为AD，BC边上的一点，增加下列条件，不能得出BE∥DF的是（）A. AE=CFB. BE=DFC. ∠EBF=∠FDED. ∠BED=∠BFD【答案】B【解析】试题解析：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AD∥BC，，A、∵AE=CF，∴，∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF；B、∵，∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形或等腰梯形，∴故本选项不能判定BE∥DF；C、∵AD∥BC，∴∵∴∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF；D、∵AD∥BC，∴∵∴∴四边形BFDE是平行四边形，∴BE∥DF，故本选项能判定BE∥DF．故选B．点睛：平行四边形的判定：一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形.8. 如图，点A，B的坐标分别为（1，4）和（4，4），抛物线y=a（x﹣m）2+n的顶点在线段AB上运动（抛物线随顶点一起平移），与x轴交于C、D两点（C在D的左侧），点C的横坐标最小值为﹣3，则点D的横坐标最大值为（）A. ﹣3B. 1C. 5D. 8【答案】D【解析】当点C横坐标为-3时，抛物线顶点为A（1，4），对称轴为x=1，此时D点横坐标为5，则CD=8；当抛物线顶点为B（4，4）时，抛物线对称轴为x=4，且CD=8，故C（0，0），D（8，0）；由于此时D点横坐标最大，故点D的横坐标最大值为8；故选D．二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）9. 分解因式4ab2﹣9a3=_____．【答案】a（2b+3a）（2b﹣3a）【解析】试题解析：原式故答案为：点睛：常见的因式分解的方法：提取公因式法，公式法，十字相乘法.10. 若a2﹣2a﹣4=0，则5+4a﹣2a2=_____．【答案】-3【解析】试题解析：∵即∴原式故答案为：11. 数轴上的两个数﹣3与a，并且a＞﹣3，它们之间的距离可以表示为_____．【答案】a+3【解析】试题解析：∵数轴上的两个数与a，且∴两数之间的距离为故答案为：12. 通过平移把点A（2，﹣3）移到点A′（4，﹣2），按同样的平移方式可将点B（﹣3，1）移到点B′，则点B′的坐标是_____．【答案】（﹣1，2）【解析】试题解析：把点A(2,−3)移到A′(4,−2)的平移方式是先把点A向右平移2个单位，再向上平移1个单位得到，按同样的平移方式来平移点B，点B(-3,1)向右平移2个单位，得到(-1,1)，再向上平移1个单位，得到的点B′的坐标是(-1,2)，故答案为：13. 设x1、x2是方程2x2+nx+m=0的两个根，且x1+x2=4，x1x2=3．则m+n=_____．【答案】-2【解析】试题解析：∵是方程的两个根，∴∵∴解得：∴故答案为：点睛：一元二次方程的两根分别是14. 如图，DE为△ABC的中位线，点F在DE上，且∠AFB=90°，若AB=6，BC=8，则EF的长为_____．【答案】1【解析】试题分析：利用直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半，可求出DF的长，再利用三角形的中位线平行于第三边，并且等于第三边的一半，可求出DE的长，进而求出EF的长试题解析：∵DE为△ABC的中位线BC＝8cm∴DE= BC＝4cm∵∠AFB＝90°，D为AB的中点∴DF= A B＝2.5cm∴EF=DE﹣DF=1.5cm【点睛】主要运用了直角三角形斜边上的中线性质：在直角三角形中，斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半和三角形的中位线性质：三角形的中位线平行于第三边，并且等于第三边的一半．15. 点A（a，b）是函数y=x﹣1与y=的交点，则a2b﹣ab2=_____．【答案】2【解析】试题解析：由，解得或∴或当时，，当时，故答案为：2．16. 如图，已知AB、AD是⊙O的弦，∠ABO=30°，∠ADO=20°，则∠BAD=_____．【答案】50°【解析】试题解析：连接OA，∵∴∴故答案为：50°．17. 已知﹣1＜b＜0，0＜a＜1，则代数式a﹣b、a+b、a+b2、a2+b中值最大的是_____．【答案】a-b【解析】试题解析：∵∴∴又∵∴∴综上，可得在代数式中，对任意的，对应的代数式的值最大的是故答案为：18. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，OA=AB，∠OAB=90°，反比例函数y=（x＞0）的图象经过A，B两点．若点A的坐标为（n，1），则k的值为_____．【答案】【解析】解：作AE⊥x轴于E，BF⊥x轴于F，过B点作BC⊥y轴于C，交AE于G，如图所示，则AG⊥BC．∵∠OAB=90°，∴∠OAE+∠BAG=90°．∵∠OAE+∠AOE=90°，∴∠AOE=∠GAB．在△AOE 和△BAG中，∵∠AOE=∠GAB，∠AOE=∠AGB，AO=AB，∴△AOE≌△BAG（AAS），∴OE=AG，AE=BG．∵点A（n，1），∴AG=OE=n，BG=AE=1，∴B（n+1，1﹣n），∴k=n×1=（n+1）（1﹣n），整理得：n2+n﹣1=0，解得：n=（负值舍去），∴n=，∴k=．故答案为：．点睛：本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质、反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、解方程等知识；熟练掌握反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征，证明三角形全等是解决问题的关键．三、解答题（本大题共10小题，共86分）19. （1）计算（﹣）﹣1+﹣（﹣）0（2）计算（）÷【答案】（1）-2（2）a-1【解析】试题分析：根据实数的运算顺序进行运算即可.根据分式的减法和除法法则进行运算即可.试题解析：（1）原式（2）原式20. （1）解不等式组：（2）解方程：【答案】（1）0＜x≤3（2）x=或x=-【解析】试题分析：分别解不等式找出解集的公共部分即可.设，方程变形为：解方程求出的值，再代入，求出，注意检验.试题解析：（1）由①得：，由②得：则不等式组的解集为（2）设，方程变形为：去分母得：解得：或可得或，解得：或，经检验与都是分式方程的解．21. 某校为更好的开展“春季趣味运动会”活动，随机在各年级抽查了部分学生，了解他们最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型（跳绳、实心球、50m、拔河共四类），并将统计结果绘制成如下不完整的频数分布表（如图所示）根据以上信息回答下列问题：最喜爱的趣味运动项目类型频数分布表：（1）直接写出a= ，b=；（2）将图中的扇形统计图补充完整（注明项目、百分比）；（3）若全校共有学生1200名，估计该校最喜爱50m和拔河的学生共约有多少人？【答案】（1）0.25、40；（2）见解析（3）660【解析】试题分析：（1）首先根据跳绳的频率是a=25%=0.25，有25人，据此即可求得总人数，然后利用除以总人数即可求得b的值；（2）用360°乘以各自的频率即可求出圆心角，即可解答；（3）用总人数1200乘以喜爱50m和拔河的学生频率即可求解．试题解析：（1）由扇形图知a=25%=0.25，∵总人数为25÷0.25=100（人），∴b=100×0.4=40，故答案为：0.25、40；（2）如图，实心球所占百分比为50m所占百分比为0.4=40%，拔河所占百分比为0.15=15%，补全扇形图如下：（3）1200×（0.4+0.15）=660（人），答：全校共有学生1200名，估计该校最喜爱50m和拔河的学生的学生大约有660人．22. 甲、乙、丙三人准备玩传球游戏．规则是：第1次传球从甲开始，甲先将球随机传给乙、丙两人中的一个人，再由接到球的人随机传给其他两人中的一个人…如此反复．（1）若传球1次，球在乙手中的概率为；（2）若传球3次，求球在甲手中的概率（用树状图或列表法求解）．【答案】（1）（2）试题解析：（1）∵传球1次，球有可能在乙手中，也有可能在丙手中，∴球在乙手中的概率为．（2）画出树状图如图所示：∵3次传球后，所有等可能的情况共有8种，其中球在甲手中的有2种情况，∴若传球3次，求球在甲手中的概率是：23. 新房装修后，某居民购买家用品的清单如下表，因污水导致部分信息无法识别，根据下表解决问题：（1）居民购买垃圾桶，鞋架各几个？（2）若居民再次购买字画和垃圾桶两种家居用品共花费150元，则有哪几种不同的购买方案？【答案】（1）居民购买垃圾桶1个，鞋架2个（2）有三种不同的购买方案【解析】试题分析：（1）设居民购买垃圾桶x个，鞋架y个，找出数量和金额的等量关系，列方程组求解即可.（2）设购买字画a个，购买垃圾桶b个，先求出字画的单价，根据购买字画和垃圾桶两种家居用品共花费150元，列出式子，化简得求出方程的正整数解即可.试题解析：（1）设居民购买垃圾桶x个，鞋架y个，则解得：答：居民购买垃圾桶1个，鞋架2个；（2）设购买字画a个，购买垃圾桶b个，字画单价为90÷2=45，则当a=1时，b=7，当a=2时，b=4，当a=3时，b=1，即有三种不同的购买方案：第一种方案是：购买字画1个，购买垃圾桶7个；第二种方案是：购买字画2个，购买垃圾桶4个；第三种方案是：购买字画3个，购买垃圾桶1个．24. 如图，在菱形ABCF中，∠ABC=60°，延长BA至点D，延长CB至点E，使BE=AD，连结CD，EA，延长EA交CD于点G．（1）求证：△ACE≌△CBD；（2）求∠CGE的度数．【答案】（1）证明见解析（2）60°【解析】试题分析：（1）先判断出△ABC是等边三角形，根据等边三角形的性质可得BC=AC，∠ACB=∠ABC，再求出CE=BD，然后利用“边角边”证明即可；（2）连接AC，易知△ABC是等边三角形，由探究可知△ACE和△CBD全等，根据全等三角形对应角相等可得∠E=∠D，然后根据三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和求出∠CGE=∠ABC即可．解：（1）∵AB=AC，∠ABC=60°，∴△ABC是等边三角形，∴BC=AC，∠ACB=∠ABC，∵BE=AD，∴BE+BC=AD+AB，即CE=BD，在△ACE和△CBD中，，∴△ACE≌△CBD（SAS）；（2）如图，连接AC，易知△ABC是等边三角形，由（1）可知△ACE≌△CBD，∴∠E=∠D，∵∠BAE=∠DAG，∴∠E+∠BAE=∠D+∠DAG，∴∠CGE=∠ABC，∵∠ABC=60°，∴∠CGE=60°．25. 某化工车间发生有害气体泄漏，自泄漏开始到完全控制利用了40min，之后将对泄漏有害气体进行清理，线段DE表示气体泄漏时车间内危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（0≤x≤40），反比例函数y=对应曲线EF表示气体泄漏控制之后车间危险检测表显示数据y与时间x（min）之间的函数关系（40≤x≤？）．根据图象解答下列问题：（1）危险检测表在气体泄漏之初显示的数据是；（2）求反比例函数y=的表达式，并确定车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值．【答案】（1）20（2）车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值是160【解析】试题分析：（1）当时，设y与x之间的函数关系式为把点代入，求出的值，即可得到函数解析式，把x=0代入，求得，即危险检测表在气体泄漏之初显示的数据.将x=40代入y=1.5x+20，求得点的坐标，把点代入反比例函数，求得反比例函数的解析式，把y=20代入反比例函数，即可求得车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值．试题解析：（1）当时，设y与x之间的函数关系式为把点代入，得得，∴当x=0时，故答案为：20；（2）将x=40代入y=1.5x+20，得y=80，∴点E（40，80），∵点E在反比例函数的图象上，∴得k=3200，即反比例函数，当y=20时，得x=160，即车间内危险检测表恢复到气体泄漏之初数据时对应x的值是160．26. 如图，在电线杆CD上的C处引拉线CE、CF固定电线杆，拉线CE和地面所成的角∠CED=60°，在离电线杆6m的B处安置高为1.5m的测角仪AB，在A处测得电线杆上C处的仰角为30°，求拉线CE的长．（结果保留根号）【答案】拉线CE的长约为5.7米【解析】试题分析：过点A作AH⊥CD，垂足为H，在Rt△ACH中,可求出CH，进而再在Rt△CDE中，求出的长．试题解析：过点A作AH⊥CD，垂足为H，由题意可知四边形ABDH为矩形,∴AB=DH=1.5，BD=AH=6，在Rt△ACH中,∴CH=AH⋅tan∠CAH，∴(米)，∵DH=1.5，∴在Rt△CDE中，∵∴(米)，答：拉线CE的长约为5.7米，答：拉线CE的长约为5.7米．27. 在Rt△ABC中，AB=BC=5，∠B=90°，将一块等腰直角三角板的直角顶点O放在斜边AC上，三角板的两直角边分别交直线AB、BC于E、F两点．（1）如图①，若O为AC的中点，点E、F分别在边AB、BC上．①当△OFC是等腰直角三角形时，∠FOC=；②求证：OE=OF；（2）如图②，若AO：AC=1：4时，OE和OF有怎样的数量关系？证明你发现的结论．【答案】（1）①90°或45°②证明见解析（2）OF=3OE【解析】试题分析：（1）①分和两种情况，分别写出的度数即可.②连接OB，证明≌即可证明.（2）作于M，于N．首先证明得到再证明得到试题解析：（1）①当∴当时，故答案为：90°或45°．②证明：如图①中，连接OB．∵∴∴∴∴≌∴（2）结论：．理由如下：作于M，于N．∵∴ON∥BC，∴∵∴∴∴∴∴∵∴∵∴∴点睛：两组角对应相等，两个三角形相似.28. 在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k与直线y=kx+1交于A、B两点，点A在点B的左侧．（1）如图1，当k=1时，直接写出A，B两点的坐标；（2）在（1）的条件下，点P为抛物线上的一个动点，且在直线AB下方，试求出△ABP面积的最大值及此时点P的坐标；（3）如图2，抛物线y=x2+（k﹣1）x﹣k（k＞0）与x轴交于点C、D两点（点C在点D的左侧），是否存在实数k使得直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切？若存在，请求出k的值；若不存在，请说明理由．【答案】（1）A（﹣1，0），B（2，3）（2）点P坐标为（，﹣）（3）k=或1时，使得直线y=kx+1与以O、C为直径的圆相切学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...学§科§网...试题解析：(1)当k=1时,抛物线解析式为直线解析式为y=x+1.联立两个解析式得：解得：x=−1或x=2，当x=−1时，y=x+1=0；当x=2时，y=x+1=3，∴A(−1,0),B(2,3).(2)设如答图2所示,过点P作PF∥y轴,交直线AB于点F,则F(x,x+1).∴∴当时,∴△ABP面积最大值为,此时点P坐标为(3)设直线AB:y=kx+1与x轴、y轴分别交于点E. F，则在Rt△EOF中,由勾股定理得：令即(x+k)(x−1)=0，解得：x=−k或x=1.∴C(−k,0)，OC=k.设以OC为直径的圆与直线AB相切于点Q,根据圆周角定理,此时如图3所示，设点N为OC中点,连接NQ,则NQ⊥EF,∴∵∴△EQN∽△EOF，∴即：解得：∵k>0，∴即存在实数k使得直线与以O、C为直径的圆相切.。

江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级物理下学期期中(一模)试题

江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级物理下学期期中（一模）试题（全卷共80分，考试时间80分钟）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1．为了使声音传的更远，应该提高声音的A ．音调B ．响度C ．音色D ．频率2．水壶里的水烧开后，向外冒“白气”，这些“白气”是由水蒸气遇冷时A ．升华形成的B ．凝华形成的C ．汽化形成的D ．液化形成的3．人站在平面镜前，当他向平面镜走近时，发生的现象是A ．像不变，像到镜面的距离变小B ．像不变，像到镜面的距离不变C ．像变大，像到镜面的距离变大D ．像变大，像到镜面的距离变小4．水平路面上的甲、乙两辆汽车，路程随时间的变化如图所示，在水平方向上受到平衡力作用的是A ．甲车B ．乙车C ．两车都是D ．两车都不是5．下列现象与分子热运动有关的是A ．春天，百花争艳B ．夏天，波光粼粼C ．秋天，丹桂飘香D ．冬天，大雪纷飞6．力是看不见的，但我们可以通过力的作用效果去认识它，这是在科学研究中常用的方法——“转化法”，下面四个研究实例中，同样采用这种研究方法的是A ．在探究影响动能大小的因素时，比较动能大小的方法B ．研究电流时，把电流比作水流C ．研究磁场时，引入“磁感线”D ．在探究压力对滑动摩擦力的影响时，保持接触面粗糙程度不变，改变压力7．地面控制中心和火星探测器之间的信息传输是利用A ．超声波B ．次声波C ．电磁波D ．可见光8．使用下列哪种能源最有利于环境保护A.煤B.石油C.天然气D.太阳能9．如图所示的实验装置，是用来研究A ．磁场对通电导体的作用B ．电磁感应现象C ．电流的磁场D ．电磁铁原理t /s第4题s /m10．如图所示的电路中，电源电压不变，当开关闭合，滑动变阻器的滑片向左移动时A ．电流表示数减小，电压表示数不变B ．电流表示数增大，电压表示数增大C ．电流表示数减小，电压表示数减小D ．电流表示数增大，电压表示数减小二、填空题（第11～16题每空1分，第17题2分，共20分） 11. 现在很多学校都安装了监控摄像头，摄像头镜头相当于透镜．通过摄像头所成的像是（正立/倒立）、缩小的实像．若镜头的焦距是10cm ，为了成清晰的像，人到摄像头的距离应 cm ．12．炎炎夏日，电风扇能给人们带来凉意，是因为加快了汗液的＿＿＿（填物态变化名称）．扇叶很容易沾上灰尘，是因为转动过程中扇叶与空气摩擦，带了＿＿，吸引了轻小灰尘．断开电源后，扇叶不会马上停止转动，是因为扇叶具有＿＿＿＿＿．13．“嫦娥三号”在月球表面着陆前，速度从1700m/s 逐渐减小为0，悬停在距月面100m 高处．在减速过程中，“嫦娥三号”所载“月兔”号月球车运动状态＿＿＿＿（发生改变/不变）．动能＿＿＿＿＿（增大/不变/减小）．“速度从1700m/s 逐渐减小为0”所选参照物是＿＿＿＿＿．14．质量为100g 、体积是20cm 3的一块合金浸没在一杯水中（如图），则合金所受的浮力为_________N （g 取10N/kg ）．继续向杯中加水，合金受到水的压强（增大/不变/减小）．将这杯水从20℃加热到70℃的过程中，这块合金从水中吸收的热量为_________J ．[该合金的比热容0.4×103J ／（kg ·℃）]15．端午节赛龙舟时，运动员一手支握住桨柄，一手用力划桨，此时桨属于＿＿＿（省力/费力）杠杆．当运动员向后划桨时，龙舟就向前行进，说明物体间力的作用是＿＿＿＿的．龙舟快速前进时，激起的“泡沫”会自动靠近船身，这是因为水中流速越大的地方压强越＿＿＿＿＿＿．16．工人用滑轮组匀速提升重为240N 的物体，如图所示，所用的拉力为150N ，在4s 内物体被匀速提高2m ．在此过程中，物体的运动速度为________m/s ，工人做功的功率为________W ．当滑轮组的机械效率低于________，使用它将不再省力．2第10题第15题第14题17．我国民间有句谚语“霜前冷，雪后寒”．试说明其道理：．三、解答题（第18题4分，第19～20题每题6分，第21～23题每题8分，共40分）18．按要求作图．（1）如图甲所示，一条光线AO 射到平静的湖面上，请作出它的反射光线．（2）在图乙中标出动力F 的力臂．第18题图甲第18题图乙19．置于水平地面上的石柱，高为0.4m ，横截面积为0.15m 2，质量为150kg ，g 取10N/kg ．求：（1）石柱的重力；（2）石柱对水平地面的压强．20．如图所示电路，电源电压保持不变．（1）滑动变阻器的铭牌上标有“10Ω 2A ”字样，求滑动变阻器两端允许加的最大电压．（2）当开关闭合和断开时，R 0消耗的功率分别为9W 和4W ，求开关断开时滑动变阻器消耗的功率．R 0 P RS 第20题21．用如图所示电路测量一个定值电阻R 的阻值．第21题图甲第21题图乙（1）请在图甲中用笔画线代替导线把电压表正确接入电路．（2）电路中滑动变阻器的作用:（1）保护电路；（2）________________________．A ．电流表损坏B ．电压表损坏C ．电流表和电压表位置互换D ．电源没电（4）问题解决后，测得三组电压、电流值如图乙所示．则R 的阻值为________Ω.22．小杜同学在云龙湖边捡到了一个金属块，他用天平和量筒测量金属块的密度．第22题（1）如图甲所示，在调节天平横梁平衡时应将平衡螺母向____移动（左/右），使天平横梁平衡．（2）用调节好的天平测金属块的质量，天平平衡时，砝码的质量及游码在标尺上的位置如图乙所示，则金属块的质量为＿＿g ．（3）由图丙可知金属块的体积，计算金属块的密度为 g/cm 3．（4）根据密度数据表判断，此金属最有可能是＿块．23．阅读短文，回答文后的问题水上漂浮房（3）闭合开关后，电流表没有示数．下列原因分析错误的是（第23题图甲第23题图乙如图甲所示为科技人员设计的一种可移动式水上漂浮房，它具有冬暖夏凉的优点，不仅为人们到海滨旅游提供了方便，而且节约了能源、减少了对环境的污染．图中漂浮房的屋顶安装了太阳能电池板，接收太阳能的功率为9.0×103W，电池板吸收的太阳能只用来提供推动漂浮房前进所需的能量，使漂浮房在平静的水面上能以恒定功率沿直线运动，运动过程中受到的阻力不变．现有一位中学生从岸上进入漂浮房参观体验，发现从某一时刻开始，漂浮房受到水平方向的牵引力F随运动时间t的变化关系如图乙所示，t＝50s后，漂浮房以2.5 m/s的速度做匀速直线运动．（1）漂浮房冬暖夏凉，利用了水的比较大的特性．（2）可移动式水上漂浮房的太阳能电池板能将太阳能最后转化为能．（3）中学生从岸上进入漂浮房后，水对漂浮房的浮力增加约为( )A．5N B．50N C．500N D．5000N（4）此可移动式水上漂浮房的能量转化效率为．。

[首发]江苏省徐州市部分学校2018届九年级下学期期中(一模)考试数学试题

2017—2018学年度第二学期期中检测九年级数学试题（全卷共140分，考试时间120分钟）一、选择题 ( 本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分. 在每小题所给出的四个选项中，恰有一项符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上 ) 1. 4-的相反数是A ． 4B ． 4-C ．41D ．41-2. 如图，是由4个大小相同的正方体搭成的几何体，其左视图是A ．B ．C ．D ．3. 下列运算正确的是（）A ．x 6∙x 2=x 12B ．x 6÷x 2=x 3C ．（x 2）3=x 5D ．x 2+x 2=2x 24. 下列事件是必然事件的是（）A ．小华明天考数学得满分B ．买一张彩票一定中500万元C ．在学校操场上抛出的篮球会下落D ．投掷一枚均匀硬币，正面朝上 5. 在下列图形中，是轴对称图形而不是中心对称图形的是 A ．平行四边形B ．等腰梯形C ．菱形D ．正六边形6. 如图，⊙O 是等边∆ABC 的外接圆，连接OB 、OC ，则∠BOC 的度数是 A ．80° B ．100° C ．110° D ．120°7. 徐州某中学在开展“书香校园”活动中，随机调查了部分学生平均每天的阅读时间，统计结果如图所示，则在本次调查中，阅读时间的中位数和众数分别是 A ．2，1 B ．1，1.5 C ．1，2 D ．1，18. 如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AB=4，BC=6，E 为BC 的中点，连接AE ，将△ABE 沿AE 折叠，使点B 落在矩形内点F 处，连接CF ，则CF 的长为 A ．125 B ．165 C ．185D ．4 二、填空题 ( 本大题共有10小题，每小题3分，共30分.不需要写出解答过程，请把答案直接写在答题卡相应位置上 )( 第8题 )/小时等于 ▲ .10. ∠α=65°，则它的补角是 ▲ °.11. 2018年徐州国际马拉松赛于3月25日上午8时在美丽的云龙湖畔开跑，此次竞赛本地选手约为12 000人，该数用科学记数法表示为 ▲ .12. 已知反比例函数的图象过点 (2，3)，则该函数的表达式为 ▲ .13. 若关于x 的函数y =x 2－4x + k 的图象与x 轴有公共点，则实数k 的取值范围是 ▲ . 14. 如图，AB 是⊙O 的直径，点C 在AB 的延长线上，CD 与⊙O 相切于点D ，若CB=2BO ，则 ∠CDA= ▲ °.15. 若圆锥的底面半径为2 cm ，母线长是3 cm ，则它的侧面展开图的面积为 ▲ cm 2． 16. 已知：如图，△ABC 中，BO ，CO 分别是∠ABC 和∠ACB 的平分线，过O 点的直线分别交AB 、AC 于点D 、E ，且DE ∥BC ．若AB=6cm ，AC=8cm ，则△ADE 的周长为 ▲ cm ． 17. 如图，在正方形ABCD 的内侧，作等边△EBC ，则∠AEB 的度数是 ▲ °．18. 用同样大小的黑色棋子按如图所示的规律摆放，按照这样的规律摆下去，则第n 个图形有 ▲ 颗黑色棋子(用含n 的代数式表示).三、解答题(本大题共有10小题，共86分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)19.(本题10分) 计算：（1）2018101(1)()2π--+；（2）化简：21(1)121x x x x -÷+++．20. (本题10分)（1）解方程： x 2 + 2x －2= 0；（2）解不等式：x －2 (x －1)＞0.21. (本题7分)一布袋中有红、黄、白三种颜色的球各一个，它们除颜色外，其它都一样，小亮从布袋( 第17题 ) ( 第18题 )( 第14题 ) ( 第16题 )摸出一个球后放回去摇匀，再摸出一个球，请你用列举法（列表法或树形图）分析并求出小亮两次摸到相同颜色球的概率．22. (本题7分) 为了解某校学生对《最强大脑》、《朗读者》、《中国诗词大会》、《出彩中国人》四个电视节目的喜爱情况，随机抽取了x 名学生进行调查统计（要求每名学生选出并且只能选出一个自己最喜爱的节目），并将调查结果绘制成如图统计图表：学生最喜爱的节目人数统计表根据以上提供的信息，解答下列问题：（1）x = ▲ ，a = ▲ ，b= ▲ ；（2）补全上面的条形统计图；（3）若该校共有学生1000名，根据抽样调查结果，估计该校最喜爱《中国诗词大会》节目的学生有多少名?23. (本题8分) 如图，在△ABC 中，∠ACB=90°，点D ，E 分别是边BC ，AB 上的中点，连接DE 并延长至点F ，使EF=2DE ，连接CE ，AF ．（1）证明：AF = CE ；（2）当∠B=30°时，试判断四边形ACEF 的形状并说明理由．24. (本题8分) 为响应“足球进校园”的号召，某学校决定在商场购买甲、乙两种品牌的足球．已知乙种品牌足球比甲种品牌足球每只贵10元，该校欲分别花费2000元、1200元购买甲、乙两种足球，这样购得甲种足球的数量是购得乙种足球的数量的2倍．求甲、乙两种足球的单价．( 第22题 )y /人数x /节目中国人诗词大会者大脑学生最喜欢的节目人数条形图( 第23题 )25. (本题8分) 如图，为测量某建筑物BC 及上面旗杆AB 的高度，小明在距建筑物BC 底部12m 的点F 处，测得视线点E 与旗杆AB 的顶端A 的仰角为52°，测得视线点E 与旗杆AB 的底端B 是仰角为45°，已知小明的身高EF 为1.6m ．（1）求建筑物BC 的高度；（2）求旗杆AB 的高度（结果精确到0.1m ）．（参考数据：sin52°=0.79，cos52°=0.62，tan52°=1.28）26. (本题9分) 为鼓励市民节约用水，某市自来水公司按分段收费标准收费，如图反映的是每月所收水费y （元）与用水量x （方）之间的函数关系．（1）小亮家三月份用水7方，请问应交水费 ▲ 元？（2）按上述分段收费标准，小亮家四、五月份分别交水费33元和21元，问五月份比四月份节约用水多少方？27. (本题9分) 如图1，在Rt △ABC 中，∠A =90°，AB=AC ，点D ，E 分别在边AB ，AC 上，AD=AE ，连接DC ，点M ，P ，N 分别为DE ，DC ，BC 的中点．（1）观察猜想：图1中，线段PM 与PN 的数量关系是 ▲ ，位置关系是 ▲ ；（2）探究证明：把△ADE 绕点A 逆时针方向旋转到图2的位置，连接MN ，BD ，CE ，判断△PMN的形状，并说明理由；(3) 拓展延伸：把△ADE 绕点A 在平面内自由旋转，若AD=4，AB=10，请直接写出△PMN 面积的最大值．( 第25题)( 第26题)( 第27题 )28. (本题10分) 如图1，二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象与x轴分别交于A、B两点，与y轴交于点C．若tan∠ABC=3，一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0的两根为－8、2．(1) 求二次函数的解析式；(2) 直线l绕点A以AB为起始位置顺时针旋转到AC位置停止，l与线段BC交于点D，P是AD的中点．①求点P的运动路程；②如图2，过点D作DE垂直x轴于点E，作DF⊥AC所在直线于点F，连结PE、PF，在l运动过程中，∠EPF的大小是否改变？请说明理由；(3) 在 (2) 的条件下，连结EF，求△PEF周长的最小值．( 第28题)。

江苏省徐州市2018届九年级数学下学期期中一模试题

年九年级联校第一次模拟试题2016九年级数学试题 120分钟）（全卷共140分，考试时间分．在每小题所给的四个选项中，只有一项是分，共24一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题3 符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的代号填在答题卡的相应位置上）3?）的倒数是（1．下列各数中，11?3?．3 B．． D． CA334．在下面四个几何体中，俯视图是三角形的是． DA． B． C．） 3．下列运算正确的是（??32??24226252ab?aba?aaa?aa?a?a? D A．． C．． B3x的取值范围是（有意义的）4．使分式x?2xxxx≥．2 ＜≠2 B．2 D＞2 C．A．5．下列图形中，是中心对称图形但不是轴对称图形的是( )A．． D ．C ．B个，3．一个不透明的布袋中，放有个白球，5个红球，它们除颜色外完全相同，从中随机摸取16 摸到红球的概率是( )．5131BA．． C． D．8583ABCDAC、BDOE、FAB、BCEF.分别是相交于边上的中点，连接点，．如图，菱形7的对角线若3BD=EF=ABCD的周长为（，则菱形），44647 D．．．A4 B． C281yxO2（第8题）（第7题）x03)?bkx?b?k(x?y?的解集为（的图象如图所示，则关于）的不等式．若函数8-1＞2x＜-1xxx＜2＞ C. A. B. D.分，不需写出解答过程，请把答案直接填写小题，每小题3分，共30二．填空题（本大题共10在答题卡相应的位置上） 9．16的平方根是千克，该重量用科学记数法表示为千克10．已知一粒大米的质量约为0.000021，这组数据的中位191、7078、85、95、年徐州某一周各日的空气污染指数为11．2015127、98、数是度12．一个正八边形每个内角的度数为20?x?4x?m x的取值范围是的一元二次方程没有实数根，那么13．如果关于m关于原点的对称点向左平移2，3)2个单位长度得到的点的坐标是14．在直角坐标系中，将点(－.ACD=40°，则∠BAD= 度15．如图，在⊙o中，AB为直径，CD为弦，已知∠OCBA题）题）（第16（第15BCACABCAOBABO=_________.＝＝60°，2＝16．如图，⊙是△，则弦的外接圆，∠2，(不计损耗)，面积为 300πcm的扇形铁皮，制作一个无底的圆锥17．如图，用一个半径为 30cm r cm则圆锥的底面半径为yOxOOO321题）（第18题）（第173OOO x?y x相切，设半，半圆与直线，…，半圆18．如图，圆心都在轴正半轴上的半圆21n31rrOOr?rO r时，则，当＝，…，的半径分别是，半圆圆，…，半圆，12121n n2016分，请在答题卡指定区域内作答，解答时应写出必要的文86小题，共三、解答题（本大题共10 字说明、证明过程或演算步骤） 2 19．（本题10分）计算?11?a11????20??a?20163)??2?(? 2））（1 （????6?23aa?4????分）．（本题1020，x－1>2??2）解方程：（102?x?3x??）解不等式组（2.1）2＋x≥2（x－??xxA为100≤分，满分为100分．规定：8521．（本题7分）设中学生体质健康综合评定成绩为≤xBxCxD级．现随机抽取某中学部分学生的综合评60级，为为＜级，60≤＜75为级，75≤＜85定成绩，整理绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．请根据图中的信息，解答下列问题：a＝______%；________名学生，（1）在这次调查中，一共抽取了（2）补全条形统计图；C级对应的圆心角为多少度； 3（）扇形统计图中D级学生有多少名？）若该校共有2000名学生，请你估计该校（422．（本题7分）某网上书城“五一·劳动节”期间在特定的书目中举办特价促销活动，有A、B、C、D四本书是小明比较中意的，但是他只打算选购两本，求下列事件的概率：（1）小明购买A书，再从其余三本书中随机选一款，恰好选中C的概率是（2）小明随机选取两本书，请用树状图或列表法求出他恰好选中A、C两本的概率．23．（本题8分）已知：如图，在矩形ABCD中，M、N分别是边AD、BC的中点，E、F分别是线段BM、CM的中点．（1）求证： MB=MC；（2）填空：当AB∶AD= 时，四边形MENF是正方形．（本小题不需写解答过程）3分）为了响应学校提出的“节能减排，低碳生活”的倡议，班会课上小明建议每位同8．（本题24厚型纸A4学都践行“双面打印，节约用纸”．他举了一个实际例子：打印一份资料，如果用薄型纸双A4400克，若将其全部改成双面打印，用纸将减少一半；现用单面打印，总质量为厚型纸每页的求例子中的A4克面打印，总质量仅为160.已知每页薄型纸比厚型纸轻0.8克， .（墨的质量忽略不计）质量 =每页纸的质量×纸张数提示：总质量2处，它沿正东方8分）如图，一海轮位于灯塔P的西南方向，距离灯塔海里的A4025．（本题（结果保留根号）．60°方向上的B处，求航程AB的值向航行一段时间后，到达位于灯塔P的南偏东m yny=kx+b m=，B（2，）是一次函数（与反比例函数426．（本题8分）如图，已知A（﹣，）x．轴于D＜0）图象的两个交点，AC⊥x轴于C，BD⊥y n的值及一次函数关系式；m（1）求、时，一次函数大于反比例函数 x2）根据图象直接回答：在第二象限内，当满足条件：（的值．坐标．面积相等，求点，若△PCA，上的一点，连接是线段）（3PABPCPD和△PDBP 4NM地，乙先出发一段时间地出发沿一条公路匀速前往27．（本题10分）甲开汽车，乙骑自行车从tykmyth的函数关系如图(与)后甲才出发，设乙行驶的时间为(，)，甲乙两人之间的距离为1007,，请解决以下问题：C的坐标为（）所示，其中点133 h ）甲比乙晚出发（1）分别求出甲、乙二人的速度（24MN地，若丙经过地沿同一条公路匀速前往（3）丙骑摩托车与乙同时出发，从与乙相遇h3hMkm（不用写自变量之间的函数关系式S 与t)，行驶的时间为t(，) ①设丙与S(地的距离为求的取值范围）②丙与乙相遇后再用多少时间与甲相遇□的方向匀ACACD沿．AC⊥AB。

2018年江苏省徐州市中考化学一模试卷

2018年江苏省徐州市中考化学一模试卷一、选择题1．（3分）十九大报告指出：建设生态文明、推进绿色发展下列做法与此相符的是（）A．加大铅蓄电池生产，满足消费需求B．推广煤炭液化技术，减少污染物排放C．工业废水灌溉农田，实现节约用水D．加大使用农药化肥，提高农作物产量2．（3分）下列有关水的叙述不正确的是（）A．水人体所必需的营养素B．自然界的水循环是水分子运动的结果C．pH小于7 的降雨属于酸雨D．有水生成的反应不一定是中和反应3．（3分）如图是元素周期表的一部分，下列说法正确的是（）A．三种原子中质量最大的是硅原子B．三种元素均为非金属元素C．铝是地壳中含量最高的元素D．碳的相对原子质量约为12.01g4．（3分）丙氨酸的化学式为C3H x O2N，相对分子质量是89．下列说法正确的是（）A．丙氨酸化学式中x的值为7B．丙氨酸中碳、氮元素的质量比为3：1C．丙氨酸属于无机化合物D．每个丙氨酸分子中含有氧气分子的个数是15．（3分）甲、乙、丙三种固体物质的溶解度曲线如图所示，从中获取的信息正确的是（）A．升高温度可使丙的饱和溶液变为不饱和溶液B．t2℃乙、丙两种溶液所含的溶质的质量一定不同C．t1℃甲、丙饱和溶液的溶质质量分数均为16.7%D．t2℃甲、乙、丙的饱和溶液降温至t1℃，所得溶液的溶质质量分数大小顺序为乙＞甲＝丙6．（3分）下列是一位同学记录的实验现象，其中不符合事实的是（）A．在空气中加热铜片变黑，加热铝片熔化摇摆而不滴落B．向鸡蛋清中加入饱和硫酸铵溶液，出现黄色沉淀C．锈铁钉在稀盐酸里浸泡，铁锈消失，长时间后溶液变为浅绿色D．向盛有饱和食盐水的试管中加入少量硝酸钾，振荡后硝酸钾消失7．（3分）甲、乙、丙是初中化学中常见的三种物质，它们相互转化关系如图所示。

下列对这三种物质的判断不合理的是（）A．若甲、乙、丙是都含有碳元素，则丙可为单质B．若甲、乙、丙表示三种金属，则丙的活动性最强C．若丙是CaCO3则甲、乙可以是氧化钙和氢氧化钙D．若甲是水，则丙→乙的化学方程式可表示为2H2O22H2O+O2↑8．（3分）在一定条件下，一个密闭的容器内发生某反应，测得反应前后各物质的量如表所示。