液压冲击锤-Hydraulic impact hammer
实用英语词汇系列:电子翻译词汇_Part4.
gyro-theodolite,陀螺经纬仪Hhabitay,水下居住室[舱]hair hygrograph,毛发湿度计hair hygrometer,毛发湿度表half bridge measurement,半桥测量half-cell,半电池half duplex transmission,半双工传输half-power point,半功率点half-wave potential,半波电位Hall effect,霍尔效应Hall effect displacement transducer,霍尔效应磁强计;霍尔效应磁力仪Hall effect tachometric transducer,霍尔效应式转速传感器Hall element,霍尔传感器Hall type pressrue transducer,霍尔式压力传感器hammering method,敲击法hammering type Brinell hardness tester,锤击式布氏硬度计hand ancmometer,手持风速表handshake,握手handshaking,同步交换;信号交换handwheel,手轮机构handy digital tachometer,手持式数字转速表hanging mercury electrode,悬汞电极hard bearing balancing machine,硬支承平衡机"hard",X-rays,硬射线hardness,硬度hardness prnetrator,硬度压头hardness tester,硬度计hardness transducer[sensor],硬度传感器hardware,硬件harmonic,谐波harmonic analysis,谐波分析harmonic content,谐波含量harmonic content of an a.c.power supply,交流电源的谐波含量harmonic wave,谐波harmonious control,和谐控制harmonious deviation,和谐偏差harmonious strategy,和谐策略harmonious variable,和谐变量HART Communication Foundation,HART通信基金会hazardous substances mark,危险品包装标志head space gas chromatography,顶空气相色谱法header byte,首标字节heart sound transducer[sensor],心音传感器heat-capacity mapping mission(HCMM热容量制图卫星heat conducting,导热(heatconduction,(热传导(heatconvection,(热对流heat efficiency,热效率heat flow meter,热流计heat-flux differential scanning calorimeter,热流型差示扫描量热仪heat-flux differential scanning calorimetry,热流型差示扫描量热法heat flux transducer[sensor],热流传感器heat of combustion,燃烧热(heatradiation,(热辐射heat treated glass window,热处理玻璃观察窗heat unit(HU,热单位heat value,热值heated and/or cooled enclosed location,升温和[或]降温封闭场所heater characteristic of X-ray tube,X射线管灯丝特性heating by far infra-red radiation,远红外辐射加热heating curves,加热曲线heating curve determination,升温曲线测定heating curve determinaiton apparatus,升温曲线测定仪heating element,加热器;加热元件heating quantity of bomb cylinder,弹筒发热量heating quantity of constant capacity on high position,恒容高位发热量heating rate,升温速率heating rate curves,加热速率曲线heavy and streamlined fish,重型流线型拖曳体height equivalent to a theoretical plate,理论板高height of tide,潮高helical bellows,螺旋波纹管heliograph,日照计;日光计helium mass spectrometer leak detector,氦质谱检漏仪helium survey,氦气测量Helmholtz coils,亥姆霍兹线圈Helmholtz resonator,亥姆霍蒋共鸣器hermetically sealed enclosure(Ex h,气密外壳(Ex h heterodyne analyzer,外差式分析仪heteronuclear lock signal,异核锁信号hierarchical chart,层次结构图hierarchical control,递阶控制hierarchical intelligence,分级智能hierarchical parameter estimation,递阶参数估计hierarchical planning,递阶规划hierarchical structure,递阶结构hierarchical system,分级系统;递阶系统high dispersion diffraction image,高分散衍射象high dynamic strain indicator,超动态应变仪high e.m.f.potentiometer,高电热电位差计high electron energy diffractometer(HEED,高能电子衍射仪high[elevated]temperature testing machine,高温试验机high elongation strain gauge,大应变应变计high energy varistor,高能电压敏电阻器high energy X-rays,高能X射线high frequency dielectric splitter,高频介电分选仪high frequency fatigue testing machine,高频疲劳试验机high-frequency titration,高频滴定high frequency varistor,高频电压敏电阻器high-level language,高级语言high limiting control,上限控制high-low action,高低作用high-low signal selector,高低信号选择器high-low temperature chamber,温度交变试验箱high performance liquid chromatograph,高效液相色谱仪high performance scanning electron microscope,高性能扫描电子显微镜high polymer microphone,高聚物传声器high pressure DTA unit,高压差式热分析仪high-revovery valve,高压力恢复阀high resolution diffraction attachment,高分辨衍射附件high resolution diffraction image,高分辨衍射象high resolution electron microscope,高分辨电子显微镜high-resolution mass spectroscope,高分辨质谱仪器high-resolution NMR spectrometer,高分辨核磁共振波谱仪high-resolution NMR spectroscope,高分辨率核工业磁共振波谱仪high resolution visible(HRVimage instrument,高分辨率图像仪high speed balancing,高速平衡high speed balancing installation,高速平衡设备high speed liquid chromatography,高速液相色谱法high speed simulation,快速仿真high temperature device,高温装置high temperature strain gauge,高温应变计high temperature test,高温试验high temperature test chamber,高温试验箱high temperature testing machine,高温试验机high temperaturethermistor,高温处理high tension loop,高压回路high vavuum,高真空high value standard resistor,高阻标准电阻器high voltage bridge,高压电桥high-voltage calbe,高压电缆high voltage capacitor(of a capacitor voltage transformer, 电容器式电压互感器的高压电容器high voltage electron microscope,高压电子显微镜high voltage insulating tank,高压绝缘箱high voltage source,高压电源high voltagestability,高压稳定度high voltage terminal,高压端high water,高潮higher actual measuring range value,实际测量范围上的限值higher harmonic resonance,高次谐波共振highest face temperature,最高表面highway,信息公路highway addressable remote transducer(HART,可导址远程传感器数据公路highway driver,信息公路驱动器highway for a CAMAC system,CAMAC 系统信息公路highway frame,数据公路帧highway protocol,数据公路协议highway unit,数据公路单元historical trend panel,历史趋势画面hit,命中hoarfrost point,结霜点hoisting test,起吊试验holding action,保持作用holding current,吸持电流hollow-cathode atomizer,空心阴极原子化器hollow-cathode lamp,空心阴极灯holographic grating,全息光栅holographic SDRS,全息地震仪homeostasis,内稳态homogeneity spoiling pulse,均匀性突变脉冲homogeneous radiation thermometer,单色辐射温度计homonuclear lock signal,同核锁信号hopper scale,料斗秤horizontal balancing machine,卧式平衡机horizontal limeit,水平极限horizontal scanning,行扫描horizontal tail,水平翼horizontal visibility,水平能见度hose coupler,软管接头host computer,主计算机hot wire anemometer,热线风速表hot wire flow transducer[sensor],热线流量传感器hot-wire respiratory flow transducer[sensor],热丝(式呼吸流量传感器hot-wire turbulence meter,热线湍流计housing,外壳housing limit temperature,外壳极限温度huge system,巨系统hum,交流声humicap,湿敏电容器hnmid air,湿空气humid heat test,湿热试验humidification,加湿humidifier,加湿器humidistat,恒湿箱humidity,湿度humidity constant state,恒湿状态humidity fluctuation,湿度波动度humidity of the air,空气湿度humidity range,湿度范围humidity transducer[sensor],湿度传感器humidity uniformity,湿度均匀性humidity-dependent resistor,湿敏电阻器hunting,猎振hybrid model,混合模型hybrid simulation,混合仿真hydraulic actrator,液动执行机构hydraulic control,液动控制;液压控制hydraulic diameter,水力直径hydraulic-formed bellows,液压波纹管hydraulic motor,液压马达hydraulic natural frequency,液压固有频率hydraulic power supply,液压动力源hydraulic step motor,液压步进马达hydraulic testing machine,液压式试验机hydraulic vibrator,液压振动器hydrodynamic noise,液体动力噪声hydrofoil shape vehicle,水翼型拖曳体hydrogen electrode,氢电极hydrogen(pressuregauge,氢压力表hydrogen regulator,氢气减压器hydrographic winch,水文绞车hydrophone calibrator,水听器校准器hydrophone streamer,海洋地城电缆;拖缆;漂浮电缆hydrophone,水听器hydrostatic level,液体静力水准仪hydrostatic vater tand,静水槽hygrograph,湿度计hygrometer calibration chamber,湿度表检定箱hygrometer,湿度表hygrometeric tables,湿度查算表hygrothermograph,温湿计hypercycle theory,超循环理论hyperstability,超稳定性hypsometer,沸点测高表hystersis,回差hysteresis error,滞环误差;滞后误差hysteresis error plus dead band,回差hysteresis loop,滞环I/O channel,输入输出出通道;I/O通道ice point,冰点ideal gas temperature scale,理想气体温标ideal inherent equal percentage flow characteristic,理想固有等百分比注量特性identifiability,可辨识性;能辨识性ignition wire,点火线illuminance transducer[sensor],照度传感器illuminating aperture angle,照明孔径角illuminating brightness,照明亮度illuminating system,照明系统illumination,照度image electro-magnetic shift,象电位移image plane,象面image point,象点image recognition,图象识别image rotation,象旋转image transdcer[sensor],图象传感器imaging system,成象系统immersion depth,浸入深度immersion error,浸入误差immersion line(of liquid-in-glass thermometer,(玻璃温度计的浸没线immersion testing,液浸法immersion type probe,水浸探头impact energy,冲击能量impact hammer,冲击锤体impact pendulnm,冲击摆锤impact specimen support,冲击试校支架impact test,冲击试验impact testing machine,冲击试验机impact toughness,冲击韧性impact velocity of the pendulum,摆锤的冲击速度impedance analysis,阻抗分析impedance blood volume transducer[sensor],阻抗式血容量传感器impedance head,阻抗头imedance plane diagram,阻抗平面图impedance respiratory frequency transducer[sensor],阻抗式呼吸频率传感器impeller,旋浆impregnated base strain gauge,浸胶基应变计impulse distance meter,脉冲式测距仪impulse function,冲激函数;脉冲函数impulse precision sound level meter,脉冲精密声级计impulse response,冲激响应;脉冲响应impulsive sound,脉冲声in-situ colour meter,现场水色计in-situ extraction sampler,现场萃取采水器im-situ salinometer,现场盐度计in-situ seawater oxygenomter,海水溶解氧现场测定仪inaccuracy,不精确度inboard rotor,内重心转子incline impact test,斜而冲击试验ynclined-tube manometer,倾斜压力计inclinometer,井斜仪increase of area,断面增大率increased safety electrical apparatus(Ex e,增安型电气设备(Ex e incremental control,增量控制incremental motion control system,增量运动控制系统incremental range,微调(增量范围incremental testing,增量测试independent conforminty,独立一致性independent linearity,独立线性度index,指示器;指数;索引index level,竖直度盘指标水准器index(of an indicating device,(指示机构的指示器index of asymmetry,非对称性指数index register,变址寄存器indicated electrode,指示电极indeicated strain,指示应变indicated value,指示值indicating device,指示装置;指示机构indicating instrument,指示仪器仪表indicating(measuringinstrument,(测量仪器仪表的示值indication point,指示点indication range,示值范围indicative mark,指示标志indicator,指示仪indirect acting instrument,间接作用仪表indirect ancting instrument,间接作用仪表indirect acting recording instrument,间接作用记录仪indirect(method of measurement,间接测量(法indirect resistance heaiting,间接电阻加热indirectly controlled variable,间接被控变量indirectly heated type thermistor,旁热式热敏感电阻器individual line,专线individual nominal characteristic,单个名义特性induced current image,感生电流象induced curent method,感应电流法induced polarization logger,井中激发极化仪induced pulse transient system,感应脉冲瞬变系统inductance bow,电感箱inductance pressure transducer,电感式压力传感器inductance transducer,感应式传感器induction instrument,感应系仪表induction logger,感应测井仪induction meter,感应系电度表induction salinometer,感应式盐度计induction voltage divider,感应分压器inductive displacement measuring instrument,电感式位移测量仪inductive displacement transducer,电感式位移传感器inductive force transducer,电感式力传感器inductive micromenter,电感测微计inductive modeling method,归纳建模法inductive tensionmeter,电感式张力计inductive transducer[sensor],电感式传感器inductosyn displacment transducer,感应同步式位移传感器industrial automation,工业自动化industrial control,工业控制industrial control system,工业控制系统industrial data processing,工业数据处理industrial process,工业过程industrial robot,工业机器人(industrialtotal radiation pyrometer,辐射感温器indelastic background,非弹性本底inelastic scatter,非弹性散射过程inert metal indicated electrode,惰性金属指示电极inertia type pickup,惯性传感器inertial motion,隋走量inference model,推理模型inference strategy,推理策略inferential flowmeter,推导式流量计influence characteristic,影响特性influence coefficient method,影响系数法influence coefficient(of an influence quantity,(影响量的影响系数influence error,影响误差influence of magnetic field,磁场影响influence of ship-body,船体影响influence of static pressure,静压影响influence of vibration,振动影响influence quantity,影响量information acquistion,信息采集information parameter of an electrical signal,电信号的信息参数information pattern,信息模式information structrue,信息结构information system for process control,过程控制信息系统infrared camera,红外照相机infrared distance meter,红外测距仪infrared gas analyzer,红外线气体分析器infrared hygrometer,红外湿度表infrared light transducer[sensor],红外光传感器infrared radiation,红外辐射;红外线;热辐射infrared radiation detection apparatus,红外检测仪infrared radiation thermometer,红外辐射温度计infrared radiometer,红外辐射计infrared radiometry,红外线探伤法infrared remote sensing,红外遥感infrared spectrometry,红外光谱法infrared spectrophotometer,红外分光光度计inherent diaphragm pressure range,固有膜片压力范围inherent feedback,固有反馈inherent filtration,固有滤过当量inherent flow characteristic,固有流量特性inherent instability,固有不稳定性inherent weakness failure,固有弱质失效inhibit,禁止initial condition,初始条件initial deviation,初始偏差initial load,初负荷initial phase angle,初相角initial program loader(IPL,初始程序的装入程序initial pulse,始脉冲initial state,初(始状态initial temperature,超始温度initial unbalance,初始不平衡量initialization,初始化initialize,初始化initiator,启动站injection cross-section[station],注入横截面[部位]ink jet printer,喷墨印刷机inlet filter,(减压器的过滤器inlet system,进样系统inner pacdage,内包装in-phase voltage,同相电压input and output with inolated common point,带有隔离公共点的输入和输出input device,输入设备input impedance,输入阻抗input impedance of the magnetizing winding,激磁绕组输入阻抗input impedance of the measuring winding,测量绕组输入阻抗input matrix,输入矩阵input/output operation,输入/输出操作input/output port,输入/输出端口input-output analysis,投入产出分析input-output channel,输入输出通道input-output device,输入输出设备input-output model,投入产出稳定性input-output table,投入产出表input-output unit,输入输出设备input prediction method,输入预估法input quantity to frequency conversion type,输入量-频率转换型input signal,输入信号input terminal,输入端input unit,输入设备input variable,输入变量input vector,输入向量;输入矢量input with isolated common point,公共端隔离输入inrush current,浪涌电流insert length,插入长度inside coil,内插线圈inside idimensions,工作室尺寸insolation,日射instability,不稳定性installation conditions,安装条件installation of oceanographic survey,海洋调查装备installed diaphragm pressure range,安装流量特性installed rangeability,安装可调比instantaneous availability,瞬时可用度instantaneous sound pressure,瞬时声压instantaneous value,瞬时风速instruction,指令instruction level language,指令级语言instrument auto transformer,仪用自耦互感器instrument constant,仪表常数instrument front,仪表面板instrument lead,仪表导线instrument of ground electrochemical prospecting method,地电化学法找矿仪器instrument of magneto telluric method,磁大地电流法仪器instrument security factor,仪表的安全因数instrument with contacts,带触点仪表instrument with locking device,带有锁定装置的仪表instrument with optical index,光标式仪表instrument with suppressed zero,压缩零位仪表instrumental analysis,仪器分析instrumental background,仪器本底instrumental error,仪器误差insulating strength,绝缘强度insulating test voltage,绝缘试验电压insulation fault detecting instrument,绝缘损坏检示仪表insulation material,绝缘物;绝缘材料insulation resistance,绝缘电阻insulation resistance meter,高阻表;兆欧表insulation strength,绝缘强度integral action;I-action,积分作用;I-作用integral action coefficient,积分作用系数integral action Iimiter,积分作用限幅器integral action time,积分作用时间integral control,积分控制integral controller,积分控制器;I控制器integral detector,积分型检测器integral electric actuator,积分式电动执行机构integral feedback,积分反馈integrated data processing,集中数据处理integrated sensor,集成传感器integrating actinometer,累计光能计integrating conversion,积分转换integrating induced type polarization potentiometer,积分式激发电位仪integrating instrument,积分[算](测量仪表integrating(measuring instrument,积分[算](测量仪表integrating recording instrument,积分式记录仪integrating sphere,积分球integration method,积算法integration testing,集成测试;综合测试integrator,积分仪器integrity,整体性intellectualized simulation software,智能化仿真软件intelligent computer,智能计算机intelligent control,智能控制intelligent control system,智能控制系统intelligent instrument,智能仪表intelligent deyboard system,智能键盘系统intelligent mechine,智能机器intelligent menagement,智能管理intelligent management system,智能管理系统intelligent robot,智能机器人intelligent sensor,智能传感器intelligent simulation,智能仿真intelligent station,智能站intelligent system,智能系统intelligent system model,智能系统模型intelligent terminal,智能终端intensifying screen,增感屏interacted system,互联系统;关联系统interaction,互联;关联interactive terminal,交互式终端interchangeability,互换性interchangeable accessory,可互换附件interface,接口;界面interface echo,界面反射波interface message processor,接口通信处理机interference error,干扰误差interference filter,干扰[涉]滤光片interior package,内包装intermediate lens,中间镜intermediate voltage capacitor(of a capacitor voltage transformer, (电容器式电压互感器的中压电容器intermediate voltage terminal (of a capacitor voltage transformer, 电容器式电压互感器的中压端intermittent d.c.noncapacitive arc,非电容间歇直流电弧intermittent duty,断续工作制intermittent spray,间断喷雾internal burden(of a current transformer,(电流互感器的内负载internal-convection sensitive element,内对流敏感元件internal disturbance,内扰internal gear,定子齿轮internal lead,内引线internal lock signal,内锁信号internal model principle,内模原理internal reference electrode,内参比电极internal reference sample,内参比试样internal reflection element,内反射元件internal reflection spectrometry,内反射光谱法internal resistance,内阻internal standard,内标物internal standard line,内标线internal standard method,内标法internal stop,内挡块internally piloted regulator,整体指挥器操作型自力式调节阀International(Practical Temperature Scale,国际(实用温标International Practical Temperature Scale-1968,(IPTS-68,1968年国际实用温标international standard,国际标准(器International Temperature Scale-1990(ITS-90,1990年国际温标internuclear double resonance,核间双共振(法interoperable system protocol(ISP0,可互操作系统协议interpretive language,解释语言interprogram communication,程序间通信interrupt,中断interrupt mask,中断屏蔽interrupt priority,中断优先权interrupt priority system,中断优先权系统interrupt source,中断源interval timer,间隔时钟intracranial pressure transducer[sensor],颅内压传感器intra-plant system,厂内系统intrinsic astigmatism,固有象散intrinsic error,基本[固有]误差intrinsic safety barriter,本质安全栅intrinsic viscosity,固有粘度intrinsically safe circuit(Exi,本质安全电路(Exiinvalid event,无效事件invar levelling staff,因瓦水准标尺inventory management system,库存管理系统inverse heating rate curves,逆加热速率曲线inverse system,可逆系统investment decision,投资决策inverting telescope,倒像望远镜ion,离子ion-activity meter,离子计ion accelerating voltage,离子加速电压ion beam thinner,离子减薄机ion bombardment secondary electron image,离子轰击二次电子象ion chromatography,离子色谱法ion counter,离子计数器ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer;ICR mass spectrometer, 离子回旋共振质谱计ion detector,离子检测器ion-exchange chromatography,离子排斥色谱法ion kinetic energy spectra;IKE spectra,离子动能谱ion lens,郭子透镜ion mobility,离子淌度ion neutralization,离子中和ion neutralization spectrometer,离子中和谱仪ion neutralizing spectroscopy(INS,离子中和谱法ion optics,离子光学ion pump,离子泵 ion repeller,离子排斥极ion scattering spectrometer,离子散射谱仪ion-scattering spectroscopy(ISS,离子散射谱法ion-scattering spectrum,离子散射谱ion-selective electrode analysis,离子选择电极分析(法ion-selective electrode,离子选择电极ion-selective electrode gas transducer[sensor],离子选择电极(式气体传感器ion source,离子源ion sputtering coator,离子溅射镀膜台ion strength,离子强度ion transducer[sensor],离子传感器ion transmission efficiency,离子传输率ionflow anemometer,离子流风速表ionization by sputtering,溅射电离ionization chamber,电离室ionization efficiency curve,电离效率曲线ionization lose spectroscopy(ILS,离化损失谱法ionizing transducer[sensor],电离式传感器ionizing voltage,电离电压ionospheric recorder,电离层记录器Iron/Copper-Nickel thermocouple,铁—铜镍热电偶irradiance,辐(射照(射度irradiation,辐照irregularity,非直管性(段ISA 1932 nozzle,ISA 1932喷嘴isentropic exponent,等熵指数ISFET ion transducer[sensor],场效应管(式离子传感器isoabsorptive point,等吸收点isobaric mass-change determination,等压质量变化测定isobaric weight-change curve,等压重量变化曲线isobaric weight-change determination,等压重量变化测定isolated amplifier,隔离放大器isolated analogue input,隔离的模拟输入isolated junction,绝缘端isolated junction type sheathed thermocouple,绝缘型铠装热电偶isolated system,孤立系统isolating valve,隔断阀isolator,隔离器isopotential point,等电位点isothermal point,恒温式热量计isothermal gas chromatography,等温层跟踪仪isothermal weight-change curve,等温重量变化曲线isothermal weight-change determination,等温重量变化测定isotope dilution mass spectrometry,同位素稀释质谱法isotope mass spectrometer,同位素质谱计isotope peak,同位素峰isotope ratio measurement,同位素丰度测定item,项(目iteration chromatography,核对色谱法ivory point,象牙针尖Jjaw,钳口jerk transducer(sensor,加速度传感器jet orifice separator,喷嘴分离器jet recorder,喷射式记录仪job,作业Jordan sunshine recorder,暗筒日照计;乔唐日照计journal,轴颈journal axis,轴颈中心线journal centre,轴颈中心joy stick,操纵杆junction class (of thermocouple,(热电偶的端的类型junction style(of thermocouple,(热电偶的端的形式junction type zinc oxide varstor,结型氧化锌电压敏电阻器电子类词汇K-PKKaiser effect,凯撒效应karma foil,卡玛箔Kelvin,开尔文Kelvin(doublebridge,开尔文(双臂电桥Kelvin temperature scale,开氏温标Kew pattern barometer,寇乌气压表key in ,键盘输入keyboard,键盘keyboard processor,键盘处理器keystone-type distortion,梯形畸变kinematic viscosity,运动粘度kinetic energy coefficient,动能系数knee point voltage,拐点电压knife dege contact width,刀子接触宽度knife edge curvature radius,刀子曲率半径knife-edge pointer,刀形指针knives,刀子knives linear,刀子联线Knoop hardness number,努普硬度值Knoop hardness penetrator,努普硬度压头knowledge acquisition,知识获取knowledge aided protocol automation,知识辅助协议自动化knowledge base,知识库knowledge base management system,知识库管理系统knowledge engineering,知识工程knowledge inference,知识推理knowledge model,知识模型knowledge representation,知识表达Knudsen burette,克努森滴定管Knudsen pipette,克努森移液管LL grader,L分级器LaB6 cathode,六硼化镧阴极label,标号labelling,加标laboratory reliability test,实验室可靠性试验laboratory salinometer,实验室盐度计ladder diagram,梯形图lag compensation,滞后补偿lag module,滞后组件lag network,滞后网络lag-lead compensation,滞后超前补偿Lagrangian method,拉格朗日法Laman spectrophotometer,拉曼分光光度计laminar low,层流laminated glass window,层压玻璃观察窗laminated magnet,积层磁铁landing impact testing machine,落锤式冲击试验机Laplace transform,拉普拉斯变换Laplace-Gauss distribution,拉普拉斯—高斯分布large scale system,大系统large scale system cybernetics,大系统控制论large volume sampler,大容量采水器laser,激光器laser alignment instrument,激光导向仪laser anemometer,激光风速计laser atomizer,激光原子化器laser beam ionization,激光电离laser ceilometer,激光测云仪laser distance meter,激光测距仪laser ellipseness measuring instrument,激光椭圆度测量仪laser fluorescence detector,激光荧光探测仪laser geodynamic satellite(LAGEDS,激光测地卫星laser gravimeter,激光重力仪laser inside diameter measuring instrument,激光内径测量仪laser interferometer,激光干涉仪laser interferometry,激光干涉测量laser length measuring instrument,激光式测长仪laser level,激光水准仪laser microspectral analyzer,激光显微光谱分析仪laser orientation instrument,激光指向仪laser outside diameter measuring instrument,激光外径测量仪laser plummet,激光垂准仪laser printer,激光印刷机laser probe mass spectrometer,激光探针质谱计laser scatterometer,激光散射计laser sensor,激光传感器laser spectrum radiator,激光光谱辐射计laser tachometer,激光转速仪laser theodolite,激光经纬仪latent heat,潜热lateral logger,侧向测井仪lateral probe movement,左右扫查lateral scan,左右扫查lead capacitance,接线电容lead compensation,超前补偿lead inductance,接线电感lead/lag module,超前/滞后组件lead module,超前组件lead network,超前网络leading edge,前缘leading peak,前伸峰leak pressure,泄漏压力leakage current screen,泄漏电流屏蔽leakage magnetic field,漏磁场leakage magnetic field inspection,漏磁探伤法leakage magnetic flow detector,漏磁探伤仪leakage resistance,漏电阻least-squares line,最小二乘直线least-squares linearity,最小二乘线性度length,长度length control device,定长装置length of a scale division,标度分格间距;分格(度长度lengthy bellows,长波纹管lens micrometer,透镜测微器level,水准仪;水准器;水准泡;级;电平;物位level recorder,电平记录仪level transducer(sensor,物位传感器leve-braked motor,杠杆式制动电动机lever-type vibrograph,杠杆式测振仪library,程序库library searching,谱库检索life,寿命life of X-ray tube,X射线管寿命试验lift of hydrofoil,水翼升力lift-drag of towed vehicle,拖曳体升阻比lift-off effect,提高效应ligand chromatography,配位体色谱法light button,光按钮light digital logging instrument,轻便数字测井仪lightning,闪电limit alarm sensor,极限报警检测器limit equivalent conductance,极限当量电导limit frequency,极限频率limit of detection,检测限limit of intrinsic error,基本误差限limit resolution,极限分辨率limit switch,限位开关limited breathing enclosure,限制通气外壳limited current,极限电流limiting availability,极限可用度limiting control,极限控制limiting effective wavelength,极限有效波长limiting operationg condition,极限工作条件limiting temperature,极限温度limiting vacuum,极限真空度limiting value for operation,工作极限值limiting value for storage,贮存极限值limiting value for transport,运输极限值limits of error,误差(极限limits of operating error,工作误差根限line,线路line-at-time printer,行式印刷机[打印机];一次一行印刷机line-by-line scanning,面扫描line coupler,线路耦合器line focus,线焦点line frame,线路帧line pair,线对line printer,行式打印机[印刷机];一次一行印刷机line protocol,线路协议line scanning,线扫描line sensitivity,线灵敏度line strain,线应变line to line resolution,线分辨力line turnaround,线路换向line voltage regulation,电源电压调整率linear absorption coefticient,线性吸收系数linear acceleration,线加速度linear acceleration transducer[sensor],线加速度传感器linear array,线阵linear control system,线性控制系统linear control system theory,线性控制系统理论linear conversion,线性转换linear dispersion,线色散linear displacement,线位移linear displacement grating,直线位移光栅linear dual slope type,线性双斜型linear electric actuator,电子直线加速器linear location,线定位linear motion valve,直行程阀linear optimal control system,线性最优控制系统linear prediction,线性预报linear programming,线性规划linear ramp type,线性斜坡型linear range,线性范围linear scale,线性标度linear system,线性系统linear system simulation,线性系统仿真linear thermistor,线性热敏电阻器linear thermodilatometry,线膨胀法linear time-invariant control system,线性定常控制系统linear time-varying control system,线性时变控制系统linear velocity,线速度linear vilocity transducer[sensor],线速度传感器linear visous damping,线性粘性阻尼linear viscous damping coefficient,线性粘性阻尼系数linearity,线性度linearity error,线性度误差linearity of amplifier,放大器线性;垂直线性linearity of time base,时基线性linearization,线性化linearization technique,线性化方法linearized model,线性化模型lineman's spectrometer,携带式光谱仪linescan,线扫描曲线link resistance,跨线电阻linkage,键接linkage editor,连接编辑程序linked-scanning,联动扫描liquid chromatograph,液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(LC-MS,液相色谱—质谱联用仪liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer interface;LC-MS interface, 液相色谱—质谱联用仪接口liquid chromatography,液相色谱法liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS,液相色谱—质谱法liquid column(of liquid-inglass thermometer,(玻璃温度的液柱liquid columnm manometer,液柱压力计liquid crystal thermometer,液晶温度计liquid densitometer,液体密度计liquid density transducer[sensor],液体密度传感器liquid displacement system,液体置换系统liquid displacement displacement technique,液体置换法liquid filled case,充液压力表liquid-in-glass thermoneter,玻璃温度计liquid junction potential,液接电位liquid-liquid cromatography,液液色谱法。
IHC-S1800液压打桩锤在海上风电深海施工中的应用研究
IHC-S1800液压打桩锤在海上风电深海施工中的应用研究Application of IHC-S1800 Hydraulic Pile Hammer in Offshore Wind Power Construction in Deep Sea李斌(中国电建集团港航建设有限公司,天津 300457)摘要:本文以明阳阳江青洲四海上风电场项目为例,介绍了IHC-S1800 液压打桩锤的性能特点及施工工艺,阐述了其在施工中的应用,工程实施效果良好,运行安全稳定,为海上风电同类工程实施提供借鉴意义。
关键词:IHC-S1800;液压打桩锤;施工工艺;性能特点;工艺流程中图分类号:TV52 文献标识码:A0 引 言阳江海域面积1.23万平方公里,海(岛)岸线总长458.6公里,占广东海岸线的十分之一,海平面80米高度处的年平均风速可达6.5~8.0秒/米,是我国海上风能资源富集区,为此市政府提出加快广东省海上风电整体规划进程,改善广东省能源供应结构,推动国家早日实现“双碳”目标的工作要求。
明阳阳江青洲四海上风电场工程位于阳江市阳西县沙扒镇附近海域,场址涉海面积约73.69km2,泥面高程-45~-48m,中心离岸距离约75km。
项目规划装机容量为500MW,拟布置44台风力发电机组,其中单机容量为11MW风电机组25台,单机容量为12MW风电机组18台,单机容量为16.6MW风电机组1台。
本标段为25台11MW风机基础及风电机组安装。
近年来,国内桩工机械行业陆续展开液压锤的研究和开发工作,但大吨位、高性能的液压锤还不多,无法满足日益增长的海上风电工程需求。
为此,国内海上风电桩基础施工中较多地采用了国外液压锤[1]。
本文主要介绍了IHC-S1800液压打桩锤的性能特点及施工工艺。
1 IHC-S1800液压打桩锤工作原理和主要参数特性1.1 IHC-S1800 液压打桩锤工作原理在静止时,压力阀和回流阀都处于打开状态,使来自于动力站的已过滤液压油通过锤和液压软管连续循环。
JBT 7406.1-1994 试验机术语 材料试验机
序号 中文 英文
1 摆锤冲击刀刃 pendulum striking edge
2 摆锤冲击速度 impact velocity of the pendulum
3 摆锤空击 free swing of pendulum
46 初试验力 initial test force
47 传感器 transducer
48 锤式布氏硬度计 hammering type Brinell hardness tester
49 打击点 striking point
50 打击中心 center of strike
51 低频疲劳试验机 low frequency fatigue testing machine
16 标准测力仪 standard dynamometer
17 标准扭矩仪 standard torquemeter
18 标准硬度机 standard hardness tester
19 表面洛氏硬度计 Rockwell superficial hardness tester
20 表面洛氏硬度值 Rockwell superficial hardness number
80 规定总伸长(压缩)应力 proof stress of total elongation(compression)
81 横梁 cross-beam
82 横应变 transverse strain
83 缓冲器 buffer
84 机械式试验机 mechanical testing machine
10 杯突试验机 cupping testing machine
工程设备机工具英语词汇
编 辑 说 明
为了便于国际招标中英文标书的编写,特将常用的施工机电设备和办公设备,仪器设备,工器具以及常用材料等词组以汉英对照的形式编成这本『词汇』。其中的词组是按其所指物体的用途来归类的,共分为十八类。词组在各大类中则按汉语拼音来排序。以便于查阅。本『词汇』由高伟基编辑,薛怡茂翻译校订,在编辑过程中得到霍家杰高工,王启才和歧温华工程师提供的许多资料,特此致谢。在使用本『词汇』过程中发现不当之处,情予指正,以便修改。
压路机 Pavement roller
岩石锚固机 Rock bolting machine
羊足碾 Sheep foot roller, pad foot roller
圆盘耙 circular harrow
振动压路板 vibratory plate
震动夯 Vibro - compactor
平地机松土器 Motorgrader & ripper
平碾 Smooth wheel roller
切缝机 concrete cutter, Joint cutter
撒布机 spreader, distributor
双轮震动碾 Tandem vibrating roller
双筒压路机 tandem roller
起重臂有两种 lattice boom(格架), telescopic(伸缩臂), boom主臂,jib副臂,悬臂
二 .运输机械
半挂拖车头 Semi-trailer tractor
半挂拖罐 Semi-trail silo
侧卸卡车 Side dump truck
带式输送机 Belt conveyor
单轨吊车 Monorail crane
液压破碎锤型号及选型
液压锤的型号IMI260中IMI表示意大利意得龙(IDROMECCANICA ITALIANA),260表示液压锤质量为260 kg,类似地,IMI400、IMI1000、IMI1200都是意大利意得龙液压锤,锤分别为400 kg、1 000 kg和1 200 kg。要注意质量中是否包含了机架的质量,意得龙的液压锤锤重是包含了机架的质量的。而湖南山河公司的液压锤的重量是不含机架质量的。
3.1.1 按挖掘机机重选配液压锤
如果液压锤型号中的数字表示了适用挖掘机的机重(整机质量),可以根据挖掘机机重与液压锤型号直接选配。
3.1.2 按挖掘机斗容选配液压锤[1]
如果液压锤型号中的数字表示了适用挖掘机的斗容,可以根据挖掘机斗容与液压锤型号直接选配。
液压锤钎杆是液压锤直接破碎岩石或混凝土的工具,也没有统一的术语,有称之为凿杆(chisel)的,也有称为钎杆(rod)或工具(tool)。
2.4 型号中的数字表示液压锤钎杆直径
液压锤钎杆是液压锤直接破碎岩石或混凝土的工具,也没有统一的术语,有称之为凿杆(chisel)的,也有称为钎杆(rod)或工具(tool)。液压锤型号KrB68,字母KrB是韩国高力公司液压锤(Koory Breaker)的缩写,数字68表示液压锤的钎杆直径为68 mm,类似地,KrB85、KrB100、KrB125、KrB140、KrB155都是高力公司液压锤,这些液压锤的钎杆直径分别是85 mm、100 mm、125 mm、140 mm、155 mm。
PCY80、PCY300、PCY500是通化风动工具厂液压锤的型号。PCY是液压破碎冲击器的汉语拼音缩写。80、300、500表示冲击功分别为80 N·m、300 N·m、500 N·m左右。
MHU2400S液压打桩锤在孟加拉Padma大桥施工中的应用
MHU2400S液压打桩锤在孟加拉Padma大桥施工中的应用作者:王效知来源:《价值工程》2019年第08期摘要:MHU2400S液压打桩锤由德国MENCK公司生产,是中铁大桥局集团公司为孟加拉Padma大桥量身定制的大型液压打桩锤,本文结合液压锤在Padma大桥施工过程中的情况,对设备构造、电气液压系统、以及打桩施工过程管理等进行了介绍。
Abstract: MHU2400S hydraulic piling hammer is produced by German MENCK company. It is a large-scale hydraulic piling hammer tailored by China Railway Bridge Bureau Group for the Padma Bridge in Bangladesh. In this paper, combined with the situation of hydraulic hammer in the construction process of Padma Bridge, the equipment structure, electric hydraulic system, and piling construction process management were introduced.关键词:液压打桩锤;结构;液压系统;电气系统;保养Key words: hydraulic pile hammer;structure;hydraulic system;electrical system;maintenance 中图分类号:U445 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;文献标识码:A ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;文章编号:1006-4311(2019)08-0144-041 ;工程概况孟加拉国Padma多用途桥梁,位于首都达卡偏西南约40km处,横跨Padma河(恒河),距印度洋入海口直线距离约150km,是连接Mawa与JanJiRa的主要交通要道。
液压冲击锤-Hydraulic impact hammer
高度运动造成的故障极为重要。 一旦出现软基的情况,便进行轻微插桩打击,从而保护起重机或打桩机的安全。
HIGH BLOW RATE & PRECISE RAM STROKE MOVEMENT High blow rate is effective for fast pile driving; remote control system could also function for stable ram stroke controlling. Accuracy pile driving without failure is very important for avoiding breakdown due to sudden unstable ram movement. In case of soft driving condition, small pitching pile driving is operated, that could prevent sudden pile drop to the ground, thus suspended crane or piling rig is safe.
桩帽 同管帽相连,可以在起重机悬吊时, 辅助固定桩体。 Pile Cap Connect with cap housing as an auxiliary holder when crane free suspended.
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1. 高能量效率和传递 由于锤体的高效化设计和缓冲垫的安放,锤头传递到桩头上的打击能量的
液压破碎锤参数
液压破碎锤参数液压破碎锤是一种常用于挖掘、拆除和破碎岩石、混凝土等硬质材料的重型机械工具。
它通过利用液压系统提供的高压液体能量来产生强大的冲击力,从而实现破碎和拆卸工作。
液压破碎锤在建筑、采矿、公路维护等领域都有着广泛的应用,其性能参数直接影响着工作效率和质量。
因此,对液压破碎锤的参数进行研究和分析具有重要意义。
液压破碎锤的参数可以分为多个方面,包括冲击频率、冲击能量、工作压力、冲击质量等。
其中,冲击频率是指液压破碎锤每分钟的冲击次数,通常用单位Hz表示。
冲击频率的大小直接影响着工作效率,频率越高,破碎速度越快。
冲击能量是指每次冲击时在锤头上释放的能量,通常用单位Joule表示。
工作压力是指液压系统提供给液压破碎锤的液压力,通常用单位MPa表示。
冲击质量是指液压破碎锤每次冲击时在锤头上的质量,通常用单位kg表示。
研究表明,液压破碎锤的参数对其工作性能有着直接影响。
在实际工作中,根据需要选择合适的参数可以提高工作效率,降低能耗,延长设备使用寿命。
例如,当需要快速破碎大块硬质岩石时,可以选择较高的冲击频率和冲击能量;而当需要精准拆卸小块混凝土时,可以选择较低的冲击频率和冲击能量。
此外,液压破碎锤的参数还需要根据具体工作条件来合理调整。
例如,在低温环境下工作时,需要考虑液压系统的温度对参数的影响;在高海拔地区工作时,需要考虑空气稀薄对参数的影响。
因此,在使用液压破碎锤时,操作人员需要充分了解其参数,并根据实际情况进行调整,以确保工作的顺利进行。
总的来说,液压破碎锤的参数是其工作性能的关键,对于提高工作效率、降低能耗、延长设备使用寿命都起着重要作用。
因此,对液压破碎锤的参数进行深入研究和分析具有积极意义,可以为相关行业的发展和进步提供有力支持。
希望未来可以有更多的研究者和企业投入到液压破碎锤参数的研究中,共同推动行业的发展和进步。
IHC液压打桩锤与MENCK液压打桩锤的研究分析
IHC液压打桩锤与MENCK液压打桩锤的研究分析摘要:液压打桩锤作为海上建造平台的的一种必不可少的工具,由于其打桩效率高,振动小,无油烟污染,其先进性已被广泛认可,液压打桩锤已经完全取代了柴油打桩锤,成为了打桩市场的绝对主力。
目前国际上主流的液压打桩锤生产商为荷兰的ihc公司和德国的menck公司,只有这两家公司可设计制造适合水下打桩的设备。
关键字:打桩锤;液压系统;分析中图分类号:u655.55+1 文献标识号:a 文章编号:2306-1499(2013)06-(页码)-页数从图1和图2可以看出,ihc和menck的锤顶结构不同。
ihc锤液压缸、蓄能器和控制阀在密闭的锤帽内,保护性好,特别是在打水下桩时不易与管线、电缆缠绕挂碰,但拆卸修理较麻烦;menck 锤液压缸、蓄能器和控制阀全部裸露在外边,易磕碰损坏、挂碰管线,但修理较ihc锤容易。
锤芯结构不同。
menck锤锤芯与活塞杆采用弹性连接,可以减少打桩过程中锤芯对活塞的冲击作用;ihc锤锤芯与活塞为整体锻造钢性好,但对锤芯支撑的制造精度要求高。
锤芯支撑不同。
ihc锤芯支撑采用上下两个滑动轴承,锤芯对中性好,打斜桩能力强,滑动轴承磨损后可以更换但比较困难;menck 锤芯采用锤腔内壁支撑,打斜桩时锤芯与内壁摩擦,造成menck锤打倾斜角度大的钢桩的能力不如ihc,但无须更换锤芯支撑。
减震结构不同。
menck锤减震采用多个气液阻尼缸,减震效果好,寿命短,检查维护方便;ihc锤减震采用金属骨架橡胶环,寿命长,但检查更换不方便。
2.液压系统原理图2.1保压过程启动柴油机带动液压泵,使的电磁阀1dt、2dt和3dt断电,此时插装阀v1开启,v2和v3关闭。
液压泵输出的高压油进入液压缸下腔,并且通过阀v1进入液压缸上腔,形成差动回路,活塞向下移动,锤芯下降,直至达到最低点。
之后,系统压力进一步上升,达到溢流阀压力的调定值后,溢流阀溢流,同时高压油通过单向阀进入蓄能器a,蓄能器储存系统压力。
液压锤击桩机技术参数
液压锤击桩机技术参数
液压锤击桩机是一种常用的基础施工设备,一般用于桥梁、高架、码头等建设工程的桩基施工。
液压锤击桩机的技术参数包括以下几个方面。
1. 液压系统的参数
液压锤击桩机采用液压系统作为动力,因此其液压系统的参数是其最重要的性能指标之一。
液压系统主要包括液压油缸(于液压马达),液压泵,液压油箱等部件。
其中泵的排量是指每分钟向液压系统供给的油的体积,单位为毫升每分钟(ml / min)。
液压油箱宜选用大容量,以确保液压系统可以连续运行较长时间而没有压力和温度的升高。
2. 锤头的参数
锤头是液压锤击桩机的核心部件之一,其主要参数包括锤头的重量和打击频率。
锤头的重量和打击频率直接影响到使用液压锤击桩机时的施工效果,包括打桩的深度、振动等。
锤头的重量一般在500kg到2000kg之间,而打击频率通常为260-800次/分钟。
3. 机械参数
液压锤击桩机的机械参数主要包括机器自重、桥架宽度、底盘长度和行走速度等。
这些参数可以直接影响到施工设备的稳定性和适用性,包括设备在不同场地下移动的能力和通过窄路或障碍的能力。
4. 驱动方式
液压锤击桩机的驱动方式多种多样,包括汽油和柴油机两种燃料类型,还可以有电驱动。
改变驱动方式不仅可以降低20% ~30%的运输能耗,还可以提高设备的使用寿命,确保稳定、可靠的工作性能。
总之,液压锤击桩机技术参数对设备的施工效果、稳定性、可靠性和使用寿命等方面有着重要的影响,需要根据具体的使用情况选择最适合的设备。
液压锤的正确使用
1.液压破碎锤的正确使用现以常用规格为例,说明液压破碎锤的正确使用。
1)仔细阅读液压破碎锤的操作手册,防止损坏液压破碎锤和挖掘机,并有效地操作它们。
2)操作前检查螺栓和连接头是否松动,以及液压管路是否有泄漏现象。
3)不要用液压破碎锤在坚硬的岩石上啄洞。
4)不得在液压缸的活塞杆全伸或全缩状况下操作破碎锤。
5)当液压软管出现激烈振动时应停止破碎锤的操作,并检查蓄能器的压力。
6)防止挖掘机的动臂与破碎锤的钻头之间出现干涉现象。
7)除钻头外,不要把破碎锤浸入水中。
8)不得将破碎锤作起吊器具用。
9)不得在挖掘机履带侧操作破碎锤。
10)液压破碎锤与液压挖掘机或其他工程建设机械安装连接时,其主机液压系统的工作压力和流量必须符合液压破碎锤的技术参数要求,液压破碎锤的“P”口与主机高压油路连接,“A”口与与主机回油路连接。
11)液压破碎锤工作时的最佳液压油温度为50-60度,最高不得超过80度。
否则,应减轻液压破碎锤的负载。
12)液压破碎锤使用的工作介质,通常可以与主机液压系统用油一致。
一般地区推荐使用YB-N46或YB-N68抗磨液压油,寒冷地区使用YC-N46或YC-N68低温液压油。
液压油过滤精度不低于50micro;m。
13)新的和修理的液压破碎锤启用时必须重新充氮气,其压力2.5、±0.5MPa。
14)钎杆柄部与缸体导向套之间必须用钙基润滑脂或复合钙基润滑脂进行润滑,且每台班班加注一次。
15)液压破碎锤工作时必须先将钎杆压在岩石上,并保持一定压力后才开动破碎锤,不允许在悬空状态下启动。
16)不允许把液压破碎锤当撬杠使用,以免折断钎杆。
17)使用时液压破碎锤及纤杆应垂直于工作面,以不产生径向力为原则。
18)被破碎对象已出现破裂或开始产生裂纹时应立即停止破碎锤的冲击,以免出现有害的“空打”。
19)液压破碎锤若要长期停止使用时应放尽氮气,并将进、出油口密封,切铁在高温和-20度以下的环境下存放。
编辑本段2、破碎锤的分类液压破碎锤的种类很多,分类方法也很多。
化工设备英文名称大全
目录 Contents1. 工艺设备Process Equipment 11.1. 塔Column ['kɒləm]1.1.1. 板式塔和填料塔Plate Column and Packed Column 11.1.1.1. 液流型式Liquid –Flow Patterns 21.1.1.2. 泡罩(帽)塔盘Bubble Cap Trays 31.1.1.3. 浮阀塔盘Valve Trays 41.1.1.4. 筛板塔盘Sieve Trays 61.1.1.5. 穿流式塔盘和喷射型塔盘Dual –Flow Trays and Jet Trays 71.1.1.6. 塔盘的支承Supports of Tray 81.1.1.7. 塔底结构及重(再)沸器Bottom Structures and Reboilers 91.1.1.8. 进料和抽出Feed and Draw –Off 101.1.1.9. 填料Packing 121.1.1.10. 液体分配(布)器,再分配(布)器及填料支持版Liquid Distributors, Redistributors and Support Plates 131.1.1.11. 塔附件 Tower Attachments 141.1.1.12. 楼梯(梯子)和平台Stair and Platform 151.1.2. CO2吸收塔CO2 Absorber 161.1.3. 再生塔/CO2汽提塔Regenerator / CO2 Stripper 171.1.4. 造粒塔Prill Tower 181.1.4.1. (造粒塔)总图及造粒喷头组装图General Assembly and Prill-Spray Assembly 181.1.4.2. 造粒塔扒料机Prill tower Reclaimer 201.2. 反应器Reactor1.2.1. 氨合成塔Ammonia Converter 221.2.2. 聚合釜Polymerizer 241.2.3. 电解槽Cell 261.2.3.1. 隔膜电解槽Diaphragm Cells 261.2.3.2. 水银电解槽Mercury Cells 271.3. 贮罐Storage Tanks 281.3.1. 浮顶罐Floating Roof Tanks 301.3.1.1. 浮顶型式 Floating Roof Types 321.3.1.2. 浮顶罐的密封形式 Seal Types of Floating Roof Tank 34 1.3.2. 内浮顶罐 Covered Floating Roof Tanks 351.3.3. 低温贮罐Refrigerated Storage Tanks 361.4. 蒸发器Evaporators 371.5. 换热器Heat Exchangers1.5.1. 换热器的名称Nomenclature of Heat Exchanger 401.5.1.1. 换热器部件Components of Heat Exchanger 401.5.1.2. 固定端头盖(或管箱),壳体及后端头盖型式Types of Stationary Head, Shell and Rear End Head 421.5.1.3. 管板Tube sheets 431.5.1.4. 管子-管板连接,膨胀节及其他零件Tube-Tube Sheet Joints, Expansion Joints and Other Parts 441.5.1.5. 横向折流板和纵向折流板Transverse Baffles and Longitudinal Baffles 461.5.2. 套管式换热器和刮面式换热器Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger and Scraped-Surface Exchanger 471.5.3. 套管式纵向翅片换热器Double Pipe Longitudinal Finned Exchanger 481.5.4. 板式换热器Plate-Type Exchangers 491.5.5. 蒸汽表面冷凝器,凝汽器Steam Surface Condensers 50 1.5.6. 空冷器,空气冷却器Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers1.5.6.1. 空冷器的组合形式Bay Arrangements of Air-Cooled Heat Exchanger 521.5.6.2. 管束和头盖(管箱)的典型结构Typical Construction of Tube Bundles and Headers 531.5.6.3. 空冷器的驱动装置Drive Arrangements for Air Cooler 541.5.6.4. 翅片Fins 551.5.6.5. 空冷器的温度控制Temperature Control of Air Cooler 561.5.7. 冷却塔,凉水塔(1)Cooling Towers(Ⅰ) 57冷却塔,凉水塔(2)Cooling Towers(Ⅱ) 581.6. 工业炉Furnace1.6.1. 管式加热炉Pipe Heater 601.6.1.1. 管式加热炉型式Types of pipe Heaters (pipe Still Heater) 601.6.1.2. 加热炉Heaters1.1.6.3. 燃烧器,烧嘴Burners 631.1.6.4. 炉管,联管箱和回弯头Tube, Headers and Return Bends 641.1.6.5. 管架Tube Supports 651.6.2. 转化炉Reformers (Reforming Furnaces) 661.6.3. 二段转化炉Secondary Reformer 671.6.4. 变换炉Shift Converter 681.6.5. 热回收和废热锅炉Heat Recovery and Waste Heat Boiler 691.6.5.1. 热回收Heat Recovery 691.6.5.2. CO燃烧废热锅炉CO Firing Waste Heat Boiler 70 1.6.5.3. 第一废热锅炉Primary Waste Heat Boiler 711.6.5.4. 第二废热锅炉Secondary Waste Heat Boiler 72 1.6.6. 火炬Flare Stacks 731.7. 混合设备Mixing Equipment 741.7.1. 搅拌器型式(1)Types of Agitator(Ⅰ) 74搅拌器型式(2)Types of Agitator(Ⅱ) 761.7.2. 混合(搅拌)槽Mixing Tanks 771.7.3. 管道混合器Line Mixers (Flow Mixers) 781.7.4. 静止混合器Static Mixers 791.7.5. 膏状物料及粘性物料混(拌)合设备Paste and Viscous-Material Mixing Equipments 801.7.6. 固体混合机械Solids Mixing Machines 821.7.7. 双螺杆连续混合机Double Screw Continuous Mixer 83 1.8. 萃取器Extractors 841.8.1. 连续萃取设备,连续抽提设备Continuous Contact (Differential Contact) Equipments 841.8.2. 浸提设备Leaching Equipments 861.9. 旋风分离器、沉清器、过滤器和离心机Cyclone, Decanter, Filter and Centrifuge 871.9.1. 旋风分离器(1)Cyclone Separators (Ⅰ) 87旋风分离器(2)Cyclone Separators (Ⅱ) 881.9.2. 气体洗涤器Gas Scrubbers 901.9.3. 沉降罐,澄清器Gravity Settlers (Decanters) 921.9.4. 过滤机Filter 931.9.4.1 压滤机Pressure Filters 931.9.4.2 叶滤机Pressure Leaf Filters 941.9.4.3 袋式过滤器Bag Filters 951.9.4.4 转鼓真空过滤机Rotary-Drum Vacuum Filter 961.9.5. 离心式分离机Centrifugal Separator 971.9.5.1. 双鼓真空离心过滤机Double-Bowl Vacuum Centrifuge 971.9.5.2. 离心机Centrifuges 981.9.5.3. 静止叶片型离心式分离器Stationary Vane Type Centrifugal Separators 1001.10. 干燥器Dryers 1011.10.1. 间接干燥器Indirect Dryers 1011.10.2. 直接干燥器Direct Dryers 1021.10.3. 喷雾干燥器Spray Dryers 1041.10.3.1. 雾化喷头,喷雾嘴,雾化器Spray Nozzles (Atomizers) 1051.10.4. 气流(气动)输送干燥器Pneumatic Conveyor Dryers 106 1.11. 其他Miscellaneous 1071.11.1. 石油炼制中的流化过程Fluidization Processes in Petroleum Refinery 1071.11.1.1. 流态化Fluidization 1081.11.1.2. 流化床分布器Distributors for Fluidized Bed 1091.11.2. 破沫器及其应用Demister and Its Applications 1101.11.2.1. 破沫网的安装和纤维除雾器Installation of Mesh and Fiber Mist Eliminator 1111.11.3. 设备的支座和封头Supports and Heads of Equipments 1121.11.4. 立式容器的外部保温External Thermal Insulation for Vertical Vessel 1132. 泵Pump2.1. 各种型式的泵(1) Various Types of Pump (Ⅰ) 114各种型式的泵(2) Various Types of Pump (Ⅱ) 116各种型式的泵(3) Various Types of Pump (Ⅲ) 117各种型式的泵(4) Various Types of Pump (Ⅳ) 1182.2. 离心泵(1) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅰ) 119离心泵(2) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅱ) 120离心泵(3) Centrifugal Pump(Ⅲ) 1212.3. 管道泵Inline Pump 1222.4. 双作用蒸汽往复泵Duplex Acting Steam-Driven Reciprocating Pump 1232.5. 双作用活塞式往复泵Double Action Reciprocating Pump, Bucket Type 1242.6. 混流泵 Mixed-Flow Pump 1262.7. 计量泵Metering Pumps 1272.8. 喷射泵Jet Pumps 1282.9. 喷射装置Ejector Units 1292.9.1. 喷射器的结构Ejector Structures 1303. 压缩机、鼓风机和风机Compressors Blowers and Fans3.1. 螺杆压缩机Screw Compressors 1313.2. 旋转式螺杆压缩机Rotary Helical Screw Compressors 132 3.3. 活塞式压缩机Piston Compressors 1333.4. 往复式压缩机Reciprocating Compressors 1343.5. 低密度聚乙烯(超)高压压缩机High Pressure Compressor for Low Density Polyethylene Process 1363.5.1. 高压气缸和中心型组合阀High-Pressure Cylinder and Central Valve 1383.5.2. 卸荷阀并及其他阀Unloading Valve and Other Valves 1403.6. 水平剖分式离心压缩机Horizontally Split Centrifugal Compressor 1423.7. 鼓风机,压气机Blowers 1443.8. 风机Fans 1463.9. 典型的空气压缩机装置Typical Compressor Installation 1484. 输送机和提升机 Conveyor and Elevator 1494.1. 垂直提升(输送)机Vertical Elevator (Conveyor) 1494.1.1. 斗式提升机Bucket Elevator 1494.1.2. 垂直提升输送机和箱类提升机Vertical Rising Conveyor and Case Elevator 1504.1.3. 双带提升机Twin Riser 1514.2. 带式输送机Band (Belt) Conveyor 1524.2.1. 带式输送机示意图Band Conveyor Sketch 1524.2.2. 输送机系统Conveyor Systems 1534.2.3. 带式输送机Band Conveyor 1544.2.4. 中心距超过600英尺的单轮传动带式输送机用的张紧装置Take-up Unit for Single Drum Drive Belt Conveyor Exceeding 600 Feet Centers 1554.2.5. 双轮传动带式输送机的张紧装置Take-up Unit for Dual Drum Drive Belt Conveyor 1564.2.6. 拼装式皮带运输机和移动式皮带运输机Pre-built Sectional Belt Conveyor and Mobile Belt Conveyor 1574.3. 螺旋输送机Screw Conveyor 1584.4. 吊挂式链输送机和振动输送机Chain Trolley Conveyor and Vibrating Conveyor 1594.4.1. 吊挂式链输送机部件Units of Chain Trolley Conveyor 160 4.5. 辊子输送机Roller Conveyors 1624.6. 惰轮(托辊)型式Types of Idlers 1634.6.1. 托辊(惰轮)结构Construction of Iders 1645. 破碎和筛分设备Crushing and Screening Equipment 1665.1. 颚式破碎机Jaw crusher 1665.2. 颚式冲击破碎机Impact Jaw Crusher 1685.3. 回转球形破碎机Gyrasphere Crusher 1695.4. 盘式回转破碎机Tray Type Gyratory Crusher 1705.5. 液压锥形破碎机和冲击式破碎机(叶片破碎机) Hydraulic Cone Crusher and Impact Crusher (Impeller Breaker) 1725.6. 辊子粉碎机Roller Mill 1735.7. 双轴锤击破碎机Double Shaft Hammer Mill 1745.8. 球磨机Ball Mill 1765.9. 干燥粉磨机Dryer-Pulveriser 1775.10. 返混设备布置Layout of Back mixing Equipment 1785.11. 振动筛Vibrating Screen 1795.12. 分级机Classifiers 1806. 塑料和橡胶加工成型机械 Forming Machine For Plastics and Rubber 1816.1. 挤压机Extruder 1816.2. 螺杆注塑机Screw Injection Molding Machine 1826.3. 聚氯乙烯辊压机生产线Calender Line for PVC Production 1836.4. 四辊辊压机Four-Roll Calender 1847. 给料机,称量器和包装机Feeder, Weighing and Bagging Machine 1867.1. 振动给料机Vibrating Feeder 1867.2. 电振动给料机Electric Vibrating Feeder 1887.3. 板式给料机Apron Feeder 1897.4. (粉末)均匀自动给料机Smooth Auto-Feeder 1907.5. 带式计量秤Dosing Belt Weigher 1917.6. 定量给料秤Constant Feed Weigher 1927.7. 自动装袋系统 Automatic Bagging System 1938. 汽轮机Steam Turbine 1948.1. 汽轮机的分类(1) Classification of Steam Turbines (Ⅰ) 194 汽轮机的分类(2) Classification of Steam Turbines (Ⅱ) 1968.2. 汽轮机的循环Steam Turbine Cycles 1978.3. 汽轮机供汽方式 Methods of Steam Supply to a Turbine 198 8.4. 单级汽轮机Single Stage Steam Turbine 1998.5. 冲动式汽轮机Impulse Turbines 2008.6. 汽轮机轴封Turbine Glands and Gland Sealings 2028.7. 汽轮机的润滑Lubrication of Steam Turbine 2048.8. 汽轮机调速器及调速Governors and Governing of Steam Turbine 2068.9. 汽轮机调速器 Turbine Governor 2088.10. 超速脱扣装置(保安器) Overspeed Tripping Device 2108.11. 汽轮机的安装 Installation of Steam Turbine 2119. 锅炉 Boiler 2129.1. 火管锅炉及水管锅炉的基本型式 Basic Patterns for Fire and Water Tube Boiler 2129.2. 椭圆管板换热器 Ellipsoidal Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger2139.3. 水冷管夹套换热器 Cooling Tubes and Jacket Heat Exchanger 2149.4. 蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(1) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅰ) 215蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(2) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅱ) 216蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(3) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅲ) 218蒸汽净化及锅筒内件(4) Steam Purification and Drum Internals (Ⅳ) 2199.5. 过热器 Superheater 2209.6. 减温器 Attemperators 2219.7. 空气预热器 Air Preheater 2229.8. 炉排 Grates 2249.9. 下饲炉排 Underfeed Stoker 2259.10. 喷燃器,燃烧器 Burners 2269.11. 省煤器 Economizer 2289.12. 抛煤机 Spreader Feeders 2299.13. 磨煤机 Pulverizers 23010. 机械零件 Machine Element 23110.1. 万向节 FUniversal Joints 23110.2. 联轴器 Couplings 23210.3. 液力联轴器(1) Fluid Couplings (Ⅰ) 234液力联轴器(2) Fluid Couplings (Ⅱ) 23510.4. 轴颈密封,圆周密封 Circumferential Seals 23610.5. 端面密封,轴封,轴端连接件 Face Seals, Shaft Sealings and End Fittings 23710.6. 滚子轴承,滚柱轴承 Roller Bearings 23810.7. 球轴承,滚珠轴承Ball Bearings 23910.8. 加油机构 Oiling Devices 24010.9. 紧固件 Fastener 24110.9.1. 螺栓和双头螺柱 Bolts and Studs (stud bolts) 24110.9.2. 螺钉的头部和端部型式 Heads and Points of Screw 242 10.9.3. 螺母 Nuts 24310.9.4. 非螺纹紧固件 Non-threaded Fasteners 24411. 配管(管路)和管件 Piping and Fitting 24511.1. 阀杆与阀盖结构 Valve Stem and Bonnet Designs 24511.2. 阀门(1) Valves(Ⅰ) 246阀门(2) Valves(Ⅱ) 248阀门(3) Valves(Ⅲ) 249阀门(4) Valves(Ⅳ) 25011.3. 闸阀 Gate Valve 25111.4. 截止阀 Globe Valve 25211.5. 球阀 Ball Valve 25311.6. 止回阀 Check Valve 25411.7. 弹簧安全泄压阀 Spring Safety-Relief Valve 25511.8. 液面控制浮球阀 Pilot Operated Ball Float Valve 25611.9. 波纹管密封闸门阀 Bellows Sealed Gate Valve 25711.10. 热膨胀阀 Thermo Expansion Valve 25811.11. 阀门操纵机构 Valve Operating Mechanisms 25911.12. 蒸汽疏水阀(器)和空气疏水阀(器) Steam Traps and Air Traps 26011.13. 管道附件 Pipe Line Fitments 26211.14. 法兰、法兰密封面及垫片 Flanges, Flange Facings and Gaskets 26411.15. 填料 Packings 26611.16. 管件 Pipe Fitting 26711.16.1. 法兰管件 Flanged Fittings 26711.16.2. 螺纹管件 Threaded Fittings 26811.16.3. 钢焊接管件 Steel-Welding Fittings 26911.17. 塑料压接管接头 Plastics Compression Joints 27011.18. 预制弯管与膨胀节 Fabricated Pipe Bends and Expansion Joints 27111.19. 管子连接 Joints in Tubing and Pipe 27211.20. 管道绝热 Piping Insulation 27311.21. 管吊与管支架 Pipe Hangers and Pipe Supports 274 11.22. 急救冲洗和洗眼站 Safety Shower and EyewashStation Hose Station 软管站27612. 量测仪表 Instrumentation 27712.1. 液位(面)计 Level Gage 27712.1.1. 就地安装直读液面计 Locally Mounted Direct Reading Level Gages 27712.1.2. 浮筒式液面计 Displacement Type Level Gages 278 12.1.3. 液面调节器及液位开关 Level Controllers and Switches 27912.2. 压力测量仪表 Pressure Instruments 28012.2.1. 液体压力计 Manometers 28212.2.2. 压力测量的新成果 New Developments in Pressure Measurements 28312.2.3. 压力表的安装 Installation of Pressure Guage 28412.3. 流量测量元件 Flow Measuring Element 28512.3.1. 速率式流量计 Inferential Meters①(Fluid Velocity Meter) 28512.3.1.1. 涡轮流量计 Turbine Meter 28512.3.1.2. 漩涡流量计 Vortex flow meter 28612.3.1.3. 漩涡流量计测量系统 Vortex Flow meter Measurement System 28712.3.2. 一次流量元件 Primary Flow Elements 28812.3.3. 容积式流量计 Positive Displacement Type Flow Meters 29012.3.4. 可变面积(定压降)式流量计 Variable Area Type Flow Meters 29212.3.5. 差压流量计的安装 Installation of Head Meters 29412.3.6. 面积式流量计及计量泵 Area Meters and metering pumps 29612.3.7. 其他流量计(1) Other Flow Meters(Ⅰ) 297其他流量计(2) Other Flow Meters(Ⅱ) 29812.4. 温度计 Thermometer 29912.4.1. 热电偶 Thermocouple 29912.4.2. 液体膨胀温度计及双金属温度计 Liquid Expansion and Bimetallic Thermometer 30012.4.3. 电阻式温度计及热敏电阻 Resistance Thermometer and Thermistor 30212.4.4. 压力式温度计 Filled System Thermometer 30312.4.5. 辐射高温计 Radiation Pyrometer 30412.4.6. 光学高温计 Optical Pyrometer 30512.4.7. 电动指示调节器 Electritic Indicating Controller 30612.4.8. 气动指示调节器 Pneumatic Indicating Controller 307 12.4.9. 多点长图温度记录仪 Multi-Point Long Chart TemperatureRecorder 30812.4.10. 控制操作箱 Control Station 30912.4.11. 记录纸 Charts 31012.5. 变送器 Transmitter 31112.5.1. 压力变送器 Pressure Transmitter 31112.5.2. 差压变送器 Differential Pressure Transmitters 31212.5.3. 气动温度变送器 Pneumatic Temperature Transmitter 314 12.5.4. 物位变送器 Level Transmitters 31512.6. 调节(控制)器 Controller 31612.6.1. 液位调节器 Liquid Level Controller 31612.6.2. 气动调节器 Pneumatic Controller 31712.6.3. 弹簧管调节器 Bourdon Tube Controller 31812.7. 调节阀 Control Valve 31912.7.1. 薄膜及活塞执行机构 Diaphragm and Piston Actuators 320 12.7.2. 调节阀阀盖 Bonnets of Control Valve 32112.7.3. 调节阀阀体(1) Control Valve Bodies (Ⅰ) 322调节阀阀体(2) Control Valve Bodies (Ⅱ) 32312.7.4. 阀芯及笼式阀芯 Valve plugs and Cages 32412.7.5. 阀内组件(组成)部分 Components Valve Trim①32512.7.6. 调节阀的作用及导向 Acting and Guiding of Control Valve 32612.7.7. 调节阀定位器 Positioner of Control Valve 32712.7.8. 调节阀手动机构 Handjack Assembly of Control Valve 328 12.7.9. 气动活塞定位器 Pneumatic Piston Positioner 32912.8. 氧分析器 Oxygen Analysis Equipment 33012.9. 二氧化碳分析器 Carbon Dioxide Analyzer 33212.10. PH计 pH meters 33312.11. 粘度测量仪表 Viscosity Measuring Instruments 33412.12. 比重仪表 Specific Gravity Instrument 33612.13. 速度测量与控制 Speed Measurement and Control 337 12.14. 仪表盘 Instrument Panels 33812.15. 温度控制 Temperature Control 34012.16. 信号系统Annunciators Systems 34112.16.1. 集中式信号器 Integral Annunciators 34212.16.2. 分离式信号器及半模拟式信号器 Remote Annunciator and Semigraphic Annunciator 34312.17. 继动器 Relays 34412.18. 仪表管件及仪表箱 Instrumentation Tube Fittings and Housings 34612.19. 仪表图例符号及名称 Instrumentation Symbols and Identifications 34812.20. 总体分散控制系统(1) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅰ) 35012.21. 总体分散系统(2) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅱ) 35112.22. 总体分散系统(3) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅲ) 352 12.23. 总体分散系统(4) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅳ) 353 12.24. 总体分散系统(5) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅴ) 35412.25. 总体分散系统(6) Total Distributed Control System(Ⅵ) 35513. 电气工程 Electrical Engineering 35613.1. 旋转电机 Electrical Rotating Machine 35613.1.1. 直流电机 Direct-Current Machine 35613.1.2. 直流发电机 Direct-Current Generator 35713.1.3. AC换向电机 AC Commutator Machine 35813.1.4. 交流电动机 Alternating-Current Motor 35913.1.5. 滑环式感应电动机 Slip-ring Type Induction Motor 360 13.1.6. 无刷同步电动机 Brushless Synchronous Motor 36213.1.7. 同步电动机的无刷励磁 Brushless Excitation of Synchronous Motor 36313.1.8. 线槽和绕组 Slots and Windings 36413.2. 变压器 Transformer 36513.2.1. 油浸式变压器正视图 Oil Immersed Transformer Front View 36513.2.2. 油浸式变压器侧视图 Oil Immersed Transformer Side View 36613.2.3. 油浸式变压器外视图 Oil Immersed Transformer Exterior 36713.3. 整流器和电池 Rectifier and Battery 36813.3.1. 整流器 Rectifier 36813.3.2. 原电池(1) Primary Batteries(Ⅰ) 369原电池(2) Primary Batteries(Ⅱ) 37013.4. 高压开关装置 High Voltage Switchgear 37213.4.1. 金属封闭式开关装置 Metal-Enclosed Switchgear 372 13.4.2. 金属高压开关柜 Metal-Clad High-Voltage Cubicle 373 13.4.3. 六氟化硫断路器 SF6 Circuit-Breaker 37413.4.4. T型断路器 T-Breaker 37613.4.5. 电动机操纵机构 Motor Drive 37713.5. 低压开关 Low-Voltage Switches 37813.5.1. 限流空气断器 Currentt-Limiting Air-Break Circuit-Breaker 37813.5.2. 塑料外壳断路器 Moulded Case Circuit-Breaker 37913.5.3. 控制开关 Control Switches 38013.5.3.1. 按钮开关 Pushbutton Switches 38213.5.3.2. 凸轮旋转开关 Cam Switches 38413.6. 电磁设备 Electromagnetic Apparatus 38613.6.1. 电磁机构和器件 Electromagnetic Mechanism and Devices 38613.6.2. 电磁继电器 Electromagnetic Relays 38813.6.3. 电压调整继电器 Voltage Regulating Relay 39013.7. 电气防爆 Electrical Explosion-proof 39113.7.1. 危险场所内的电力和照明安装 Power and Lighting Installation in Hazardous Location 39113.7.2. 防爆设备 Explosion-proof Apparatus 39213.8. 供电系统 Power Supply System 39413.8.1. 热电厂 Thermal Power Plant 39413.8.1.1. 节能发电厂 Energy Saving Power plant 396 13.8.2. 变电所屋内配电装置 Indoor Installations of Electric Substation 39813.8.3. 铁塔及电杆 Towers and Poles 39913.8.4. 静电除尘器 Electrostatic Precipitator 40013.9. 内线 Interior Wiring 40113.9.1. 电缆 Cables 40113.9.2. 熔断器 Fuses 40413.9.3. 连接器和端子 Connectors and Terminals 406 13.9.4. 灯泡 Lamps 40713.9.5. 电热器件 Electroheating Devices 40814. 施工设备和工具 Construction Equipment and Tool 409 14.1. 起重机械 Hoisting Machinery 40914.1.1. 桅杆起重机,转臂起重机 Derricks 40914.1.2. 安装起重机 Erecting Cranes 41014.1.3. 起重设备 Hoisting Devices 41214.1.4. 起重机(1) Cranes(Ⅰ) 413起重机(2) Cranes(Ⅱ) 414起重机(3) Cranes(Ⅲ) 41514.1.5. 手拉葫芦和千斤顶 Chain Hoists and Jacks 41614.1.6. 麻绳,钢丝绳,绳结和吊索 Hemp Ropes, Cable Wires, Knots and Sling Chains 41814.1.7. 起重机用的起吊附件 Lifting Attachments for Crane Use 42014.1.8. 叉式起重车的附属配件 Fork-Truck Attachments 421 14.2. 工具 Tools 42214.2.1. 扳手 Wrenches 42214.2.2. 活扳手及管钳 Adjustable Wrenches and Pipe Wrenches 42314.2.3. 钳和剪钳 Pliers and Nippers 42414.2.4. 刀具的柄部、套节及套筒 Shanks, Sockets and Sleeves 42514.2.5. 丝锥 Taps 42614.2.6. 绞刀 Reamers 42714.2.7. 麻花钻 Twist Drills 42814.2.8. 木工工具 Wood Working Tools 42914.2.9. 检测规 Inspection Gages 43014.2.10. 量具 Measuring Tools 43115. 焊接 Welding 43215.1. 金属焊接 Welding of Metals 43215.2. 焊接符号 Welding Symbols 43415.3. 保护式电弧焊原理 Principles of Shielded Arc Welding 435 15.4. 焊接位置、接头形式及焊接形式 Welding Positions, Types of Joints and Welding 43615.5. 坡口 Grooves 43715.6. 坡口详图 Detail of Grooves 43815.7. 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding 43915.8. 填角焊,角焊 Fillet Welding 44015.9. 自动埋弧焊 Automatic Submerged Arc Welding 44115.10. 气体保护电弧焊 Gas-Shielded Arc Welding 44215.11. 金属极楕性气体保护焊 Gas Metal-Arc welding 44415.12. 金属极气体保护焊焊枪 Electrode Guns of Gas Metal-Arc Welding 44515.13. 普通电渣焊 Conventional Electroslag Welding 44615.14. 熔嘴电渣焊 Electroslag Welding by Consumable Guide Tube 44715.15. 电气焊 Electrogas Welding 44815.16. 管状焊丝电弧焊 Flux-Cored Arc Welding 45015.17. 气焊设备 Gas Welding Equipment 45115.18. 移动式乙炔发生器 Portable Acetylene Generators 45215.19. 乙炔发生器的基本型式 Basic Types of Acetylene Generators 45315.20. 塑料焊接(1) Welding of Plastics(Ⅰ) 454塑料焊接(2) Welding of Plastics(Ⅱ) 45516. 无损检验 No-Destructive Testing 45616.1. 无损检验方法 Non-Destructive Testing Method 45616.2. 探孔镜及显微镜 Borescope and Microscope 45816.3. X射线发生管及其线路 X-ray Tube and Its Circuit 45916.4. 射线照相及电子照相 Photoradiography and Electroradiography 46016.5. 轻便X射线机及透度计 Mobile X-ray Unit and Penetrometer 46116.6. 超声波探伤方法及探头 Ultrasonic Test Methods and Search Units 46216.7. 超声波发射探头及接受探头 Ultrasonic Transducer and Refraction 46316.8. 配管焊缝的超声波探伤 Ultrasonic Testing of Weld in Tubing 46416.9. 液体渗透试验 Liquid Penetrant Test 46516.10. 磁化法 Methods of Magnetization 46617. 土建工程 Civil Engineering and Building 46717.1. 地形图和土层剖面图 Topographical Map and Subsoil Profile46717.2. 土壤与基础 Soils and Foundations 46817.3. 桩的形式 Types of Pile 46917.4. 设备基础 Foundations for Equipment 47017.5. 大型设备的锚固(1) Anchorage of Heavy Machine(Ⅰ) 471大型设备的锚固(2) Anchorage of Heavy Machine(Ⅱ) 47217.6. 道路和路面 Road and Paving 47317.7. 屋顶的形式 Types of Roof 47417.8. 薄壳屋顶 Shell Roofs 47517.9. 钢筋混凝土结构 Reinforced Concrete Construction 476 17.10. 钢结构 Steel Construction 47817.10.1. 钢结构连接详图 Structural Steel Connection Details 480 17.10.2. 钢构件的连接 Connection of Steel Members 48117.10.3. 钢栏杆 Steel Balustrade 48217.10.4. 钢扶梯和梯子 Steel Stairs and Ladders 48317.11. 多层工业厂房 Multistory Industrial Buildings 48417.12. 门的形式 Types of Doors 48517.13. 窗的形式 Types of Windows 48617.13.1. 窗的组成 Components of a Window 48717.14. 工业构筑物 Industrial Structures 48817.14.1. 管支架 Pipe Supports 48817.14.2. 烟囱的形式 Types of Chimneys 49017.14.3. 排气筒 Vent Stacks 49117.14.4. 水塔的形式 Types of Water Towers 49217.14.5. 冷却塔 Cooling Towers 49317.14.6. 通廊和栈桥 Galleries and Trestles 49417.14.7. 筒仓和贮斗 Silos and Bunkers 49518. 实验室仪器 Laboratory Apparatus and Instruments 49618.1. 实验室常用仪器(1) General Apparatus and Instruments(Ⅰ) 496实验室常用仪器(2) General Apparatus and Instruments(Ⅱ) 498 18.2. 石油产品的蒸馏 Distillation of Petroleum Products 499 18.3. 粘度计 Viscometer 50018.4. 比重天平,韦氏天平 Specific Gravity Balance (Westphal Balance) 50118.5. 闪点和燃点测定器 Flash and Fire Points Apparatus 502 18.6. 残碳及含水量 Carbon Residue and Water Content 503 18.7. 冰点,凝点和融点 Freezing Point, Pour Point and Melting Point 50418.8. 脆裂点,针入度及软化点 Breaking Point, Cone penetration and Softening Point 50518.9. 吸附柱 Absorption Column 50619. 流程图和管道布置图 Flow Diagram and piping Layout 507 19.1. 工厂平面布置总图 Master Plot Plan 50719.2. 炼厂加工流程图(1) Diagrammatic Flow Sheet of Petroleum Refinery(Ⅰ) 508炼厂加工流程图(2) Diagrammatic Flow Sheet of Petroleum Refinery(Ⅱ) 51019.3. 合成氨装置工艺流程图 Ammonia Plant Process Flow Diagram 51219.4. 乙烯装置工艺流程图 Ethylene Plant Process Flow Diagram 51419.5. 管道布置-装置配管 Piping Layout-Installation Piping 516 19.6. 配管图,管道(路)图 Piping Drawing 51719.6.1. 平面视图 Plan View 51719.6.2. 前视图 Front View 51819.7. 管道组装图(等角图,轴侧图,管段图) Pipe Line Isometric Diagram (Erection Diagram) 51919.8. 蒸汽伴热管的布置 Piping Arrangement of Steam Tracing Lines 52019.9. 工艺管道及仪表流程图 Process Piping and Instrument Flow Diagram 52119.9.1. 管道代号 Piping Code 52119.9.2. 管道图例 Line Symbols 52219.9.3. 在仪表符号中字母标志的意义Meanings of Identification Letters in Instrument Symbols 52419.9.4. 绘图示例-氨库装置 Illustrative Drawing-Ammonia Storage Facility 52519.10. 工程图常用缩写词(按字母顺序排列) Abbreviations for Use on Drawings (in Alphabetical Order) 52620. 其他 Miscellaneous 53620.1. 型钢,管子 Steel Sections, Pipes and Tubes 53620.2. 钢管的制造方法 Manufacturing Methods of Steel Pipe 538 参考文献 Reference 539。
试验机常用英语词汇整理
1 摆锤冲击刀刃pendulum striking edge2 摆锤冲击速度impact velocity of the pendulum3 摆锤空击free swing of pendulum4 摆锤力矩moment of pendulum5 摆锤式冲击试验机pendulum impact testing machine6 摆动周期swing period7 摆杆rod of pendulum8 摆轴axle of rotation9 半自动试验机semi-automatic testing machine10 杯突试验机cupping testing machine11 变形速率rate of deformation12 标称值nominal value13 标度盘(尺)dial(scale)14 标度盘几何中心geometric centre of the dial15 标距gauge length16 标准测力仪standard dynamometer17 标准扭矩仪standard torquemeter18 标准硬度机standard hardness tester19 表面洛氏硬度计Rockwell superficial hardness tester20 表面洛氏硬度值Rockwell superficial hardness number21 布氏硬度计Brinell hardness tester22 布氏硬度压头Brinell hardness indenter23 布氏硬度值Brinell hardness number24 材料工艺性能material processibility25 材料试验机material testing machine26 测力系统dynamometric system27 测量measurement28 测量重复性repeatability of measurement29 测量再(复)现性reproducibility of measurement30 测量范围measuring range31 [测量范围]上限值[measuring range] higher limit32 [测量范围]下限值[measuring range] lower limit33 超声硬度计ultrasonic hardness tester34 超试验力over test force35 程序控制试验机program-controlled testing machine36 持久强度creep rupture strength37 持久强度试验机creep rupture strength testing machine38 冲击摆锤impact pendulum39 冲击锤体impact hammer40 冲击韧性impact toughness41 冲击试验机impact testing machine42 冲击试验支座impact specimen support43 冲击试样支座跨距span of impact specimen supports44 冲击能量impact energy45 从动针follow-up pointer46 初试验力initial test force47 传感器transducer48 锤式布氏硬度计hammering type Brinell hardness tester49 打击点striking point50 打击中心center of strike51 低频疲劳试验机low frequency fatigue testing machine52 低温试验机low temperature testing machine53 低温装置low temperature device54 颠簸实验bump test55 点漂point drift56 电液伺服疲劳试验机electro-hydraulic servo-controlled fatigue testing machine57 电子式试验机electronic testing machine58 动静万能试验机static/dynamic universal testing machine59 动蠕变dynamic creep60 动态[试验]力dynamic [test] force61 断后标距final gauge length62 断后伸长率percentage elongation after fracture63 断裂韧性fracture toughness64 断面收缩率percentage reduction of area65 断面增大率percentage increase of area66 多次冲击试验机repeated impact testing machine67 反向器reverser68 非金属材料试验机non-metallic material testing machine69 分度值division value70 复合试验机combined test force testing machine71 腐蚀试验机corrosion testing machine72 高频疲劳试验机high frequency fatigue testing machine73 高温试验机high temperature testing machine74 高温装置high temperature device75 隔热屏radial beat shield76 工程应力engineering stress77 工艺性能试验processibility test78 规定残余伸长应力permanent set stress79 规定非比例伸长(压缩)应力proof stress of non-proportional elongation(compression)80 规定总伸长(压缩)应力proof stress of total elongation(compression)81 横梁cross-beam82 横应变transverse strain83 缓冲器buffer84 机械式试验机mechanical testing machine85 记录装置recorder86 加热元件heating element87 夹头grip88 剪切强度shear strength90 金属材料试验机metallic material testing machine91 [静]蠕变[static]creep92 静态[试验]力static [test] force93 径向间隙radial clearance94 均热带长度uniform temperature zone length95 空试验力no test force96 拉杆pull rod97 拉力试验机tensile testing machine98 拉伸强度tensile strength99 [试验]力[test] force100 力标准机force standard machine101 力传感器force transducer102 力基准机primary force standard machine103 力学性能mechanical properties104 力学性能试验mechanical test105 量程measuring span106 灵敏度sensitivity107 洛氏硬度值Rockwell hardness number108 洛氏硬度计Rockwell hardness tester109 洛氏硬度压头Rockwell hardness indenter110 落锤式冲击试验机falling impact testing machine 111 满量程误差full scale error112 磨损abrasion113 摩擦磨损试验机friction-abrasion testing machine 114 内力internal force115 能量损失energy loss116 粘弹性viscoelasticity117 扭矩标准机standard torquer118 扭矩基准机primary standard torquer119 扭应变torsional strain120 扭应力torsional stress121 扭转试验机torsion testing machine122 努氏硬度压头Knoop hardness indenter123 努氏硬度值Knoop hardness number124 挠度deflection125 疲劳fatigue126 疲劳断裂fatigue fracture127 疲劳极限fatigue limit128 疲劳试验机fatigue testing machine129 疲劳寿命fatigue life130 漂移drift131 平均试验力mean test force132 平均应变mean strain134 平面应变断裂韧度plane-strain fracture toughness135 钳口jaw136 强度strength137 切应变shear strain138 屈服点yield point139 蠕变强度creep strength140 蠕变试验机creep testing machine141 蠕变速度rate of creep142 热疲劳试验机thermal fatigue testing machine143 上屈服点upper yield point144 邵氏硬度计Shore durometer145 邵氏硬度值Shore durometer number146 始点漂移zero drift147 示波冲击试验机impact testing machine with the scope148 示值indicating value149 示值重复性误差repeatability error in the indicating value150 示值重复性相对误差relative error of repeatability in the indicating value151 示值进回程误差error between forward and backward in indicating value152 示值进回程相对误差relative error between forward and backward in indicating value 153 示值误差indicating value154 示值相对误差relative error of indicating value155 试件sample156 试台testing bench157 试验机附件accessories of testing machine158 试验空间test space159 [试验]力[test] force160 试验力保持时间duration of test force161 试验力范围range of test force162 试验力幅test force amplitude163 试验力施加速度rate of applying test force164 试验力施加系统system of applying test force165 试验系统的柔度testing system flexibility166 试样specimen167 松弛relaxation168 松弛试验机relaxation testing machine169 松弛应力relaxation stress170 塑性plasticity171 塑性变形plastic deformation172 算术平均值arithmetic mean173 缩短率percentage reduction of length174 弹簧试验机spring testing machine175 弹性elasticity176 弹性变形elastic deformation177 弹性模量modulus of elasticity178 弹性滞后elastic hysteresis179 条件疲劳极限conditional fatigue limit180 同轴度coaxiality181 弯曲强度bending strength182 弯折试验机reverse bend tester183 万能试验机universal testing machine184 温度波动variation in testing temperature 185 温度范围temperature range186 温度控制器temperature control equipment 187 温度梯度temperature gradient188 维氏硬度计Vickers hardness tester189 维氏硬度压头Vickers hardness indenter 190 维氏硬度值Vickers hardness number191 位移传感器displacement transducer192 下屈服点lower yield point193 线材扭转试验机wire torsion tester194 线性应变linear strain195 肖氏硬度计Shore hardness tester196 肖氏硬度压头Shore hardness indenter 197 肖氏硬度值Shore hardness number198 携带式硬度计portable hardness tester 199 循环[试验]力cyclic [test]force200 循环应变cyclic strain201 循环应力cyclic stress202 压板compression plate203 压力试验机compression testing machine 204 压缩强度compressive strength205 压头主轴main axle of indenter206 引伸计extensometer207 引伸计标距extensometer gauge length 208 应变strain209 应变范围range of strain210 应变幅strain amplitude211 应力stress212 应力比stress ratio213 应力范围range of stress214 应力幅stress amplitude215 应力强度因子stress intensity factor216 应力—应变图stress-strain diagram217 硬度hardness218 硬度计hardness tester219 硬度压头hardness indenter220 液压式试验机hydraulic testing machine221 原始标距original gauge length222 约定真值conventional true value223 运输包装件试验机transport packages testing machine224 赵氏硬度计Pusey and Jones indentation instrument225 赵氏硬度值Pusey and Jones indentation hardness number 226 真应力true stress227 真值true value228 正应力normal stress229 指示装置indicating device230 指针pointer231 轴向间隙axial clearance232 轴应变axial strain233 最大[试验]力maximum [test]force234 最大循环[试验]力maximum cyclic [test]force235 最大循环应力maximum cyclic stress236 最大应变maximum strain237 最小[试验]力minimum [test] force238 最小循环[试验]力minimum cyclic [test] force239 最小循环应力minimum cyclic stress240 最小应变minimum strain241 准确度accuracy242 准确度等级accuracy class243 自动试验机automatic testing machine244 总试验力total test force。
液压破碎锤活塞掉块原因分析及解决措施
工业技术液压破碎锤活塞掉块原因分析及解决措施王尊礼1,2(1.江苏力博士机械股份有限公司江苏淮安223000;2.淮安市高级职业技术学校江苏淮安223005)摘要:活塞是液压破碎锤的关键部件,活塞出现质量问题会导致破碎锤整机无法工作。
230D破碎锤是根据市场需求自行开发的一种大型破碎锤产品,活塞在破碎锤中起到了关键性的作用。
从本产品上市以来,活塞在用户使用冲击过程中经常发现活塞端部有掉块现象,导致了整根活塞开裂,影响了破碎锤的使用。
为了分析原因,本文对开裂的活塞进行了化学成分、金相组织、热处理工艺及掉块的原因分析。
结果表明,原材料中夹杂物超标及硬化层层深偏低导致在冲击过程中产生局部剥落,最终引起零件开裂。
控制材料夹杂物及改进渗碳工艺等可有效防止活塞在使用过程中产生剥落现象。
关键词:渗碳淬火剥落失效分析硫化物材料及热处理工艺改进中图分类号:TG15文献标识码:A文章编号:1674-098X(2021)10(b)-0055-03 Cause Analysis and Solution of Piston Block Dropping inHydraulic HammerWANG Zunli1,2(1.Jiangsu DrLi Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Huai'an,Jiangsu Province,223000China;2.Huaian Senior Vocationaland Technical School,Huai'an,Jiangsu Province,223005China) Abstract:Piston is the key component of hydraulic hammer,the quality problem of piston will lead to the failure of the whole machine.230D crusher hammer is a kind of large crusher developed according to the market demand,and the piston plays a key role in crushing hammer.Since this product came into the market,the Piston often found in the use of users in the impact of the end of the Piston block phenomenon,leading to the whole piston cracking, affecting the use of the hammer.In order to analyze the reason,the chemical composition,metallographic structure, heat treatment process and the reason of block drop of the cracked Piston were analyzed in the article.The results show that the inclusions in the raw materials exceed the standard and the depth of the hardening layer is too low, which leads to the local spalling during the impact process and finally causes the parts cracking.The control of material inclusion and the improvement of carburizing process can effectively prevent the piston from spalling during use.Key Words:Carburizing quenching;Spalling;Failure analysis;Sulfide;Improvement of material and heat treatment process液压破碎锤是特种车辆上的作业工具,其以液压泵为动力源,以液压油作为工作介质,通过液压驱动活塞撞击钎杆将岩石等物体破碎[1]。
1 液压破碎锤的定义
1 液压破碎锤的定义液压破碎锤已经成为液压挖掘机的一个重要作业工具,也有人将液压破碎锤安装在挖掘装载机(又称两头忙)或轮式装载机上进行破碎作业。
液压破碎锤,又叫做液压破碎器或液压碎石器(hydraulic breaker),日本、韩国多用此术语。
也有称之为液压锤(hydraulic hammer),芬兰、德国的公司多用此术语。
我国的厂商与用户,有称之为液压破碎机的,也有称之为液压镐、液压炮、破碎头等等,我国国家标准的术语称之为液压冲击破碎器(hydraulic impact breaker)。
名称虽然五花八门,但都是指的同一机具,这种机具是以液体静压力为动力,驱动活塞往复运动,活塞冲程时高速撞击钎杆,由钎杆破碎矿石、混凝土等固体。
本文将这种机具简称为液压锤。
现在液压锤市场十分兴旺,韩国、日本、德国、美国、芬兰、意大利等国的多种型号液压锤充斥我国市场。
国内也有一些厂家提供一些型号的液压锤产品。
液压锤的型号是销售商和用户都十分注意的重要信息,但型号究竟能告诉我们什么信息呢?2 液压锤型号以及其中数字的含义液压锤的型号一般由字母和数字组合而成。
型号的含义是什么,特别是型号中的数字究竟表示什么意思,厂商的样本或使用说明书中并不加以说明,许多销售人员也不知所云。
本文试图解释一些公司液压锤型号以及其中数字的含义。
2.1型号中数字表示适用挖掘机的机重有一些公司的一些液压锤型号中的数字表示适用挖掘机的机重等级,如GB170型号中GB是韩国工兵公司的缩写(General Breaker),数字170表示此型号液压锤适用于机重为170kN(即17 t)左右的挖掘机,即适用于13~20 t的挖掘机。
以此类推,GB220、GB290表示的是工兵公司液压锤,适用挖掘机的机重分别是22 t、29 t级。
液压锤型号KB1500、KB2000、KB3500、KB4000、KB5000中的KB表示韩国工马公司(Komac Rock Breaker)破碎锤,数字1500、2000、3500、4000、5000分别表示适用挖掘机机重为15 t、20 t、35 t、40 t和50 t左右。
YC系列液压锤的结构特点与应用
(液压英才网豆豆转载)液压锤属于冲击式液压振动装置,又称为破碎器、碎石器、液压镐等。
它主要用于对岩石、钢筋混凝土、沥青水泥路面、钢包炉渣及旧建筑物等坚硬物进行开采、破碎、清除、挖掘、打孔、拆除、地基夯实、打桩等作业,还可用于船舶表面的锈类,蚌类的清除,液压铆及工具厂锉刀的剁锉机头等。
总之,液压锤的应用使人们从繁重的体力劳动中解脱出来,它无需电源,是一种适合于野外作业与室内作业的理想的施工工具。
8 M1 o" {, T5 G' [YC系列液压锤根据作业对象不同,可分为单人操作手持式小锤液压锤和大型与挖掘机配套的液压锤。
如YC100型、YC180型手持式液压锤与风镐相比提高工效5倍,并具有振动小、噪声低等特点。
YC300、YC500、YC1000、YC2200、YC2800等大型机载式液压锤可与0.15m3~2.0m3液压挖掘机配套使用,由司机操作作业,非常方便。
在国外它已取代了二次爆破,提高工效2倍,如YC2200型液压锤每小时开石35m3。
YC系列液压锤已获国家实用新型专利,其中YC100型液压锤被国家科委列为“1995国家级科技重点推广计划项目”,并获省部级科技进步二等奖。
为迎接21世纪的到来,国家机械工业局发布了1999年《中国机械工业科技成果通报》,向国内、外推广这一优秀科技成果。
7 J+ c$ K4 c5 c6 n0 p2 y8 ]& Z, S0 e2液压锤的结构特点与性能参数YC系列液压锤结构简单,操作方便,如图所示,液压锤主要由阀芯1、锤头2、蓄能器3、活塞杆4、缸体5及钎杆6等零件组成。
由图中可以看出阀芯1与活塞杆4相互切换高速运动,并打击钎杆对外作功。
根据作业的对象不同,可以通过钎销方便地更换不同形状的钎杆以满足不同作业的要求。
三维网技术论坛6 O/ X, R6 {) Q0 [$ i% y6 V3 d在液压锤的锤体中设置了蓄能器节约能源,提高了液压锤的总效率。
液压破碎锤水下破碎开挖施工技术分析
液压破碎锤水下破碎开挖施工技术分析赵爱萍1,刘峥嵘2,毕晓锋3(1.烟台天兵工程机械有限公司,山东烟台264000;2.烟台东方威思顿电气有限公司,山东烟台264000;3.烟台旺远液压有限公司,山东烟台264000)【摘要】水下障碍物清障施工过程中,使用液压破碎锤水下破碎技术进行施工,相比传统的水下爆破施工技术,其不需要进行爆破作业,这就意味着水下不会产生地震波、脉动水压力、冲击波。
液压破碎锤水下破碎技术可提高施工效率,缩短施工工期,保证项目顺利竣工,取得良好的施工效果。
关键词:液压破碎锤;水下破碎;开挖施工技术中图分类号:V444.1文献标识码:BDOI:10.12147/ki.1671-3508.2023.06.087Analysis on Construction Technology of Underwater CrushingExcavation with Hydraulic Crushing HammerZhao Aiping1,Liu Zhengrong2,Bi Xiaofeng3(1.Yantai Tianbing Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shandong264000,CHN;2.Yantai Oriental Wisdom Electric Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shandong264000,CHN;3.Yantai Wangyuan Hydraulic Co.,Ltd.,Yantai,Shandong264000,CHN)【Abstract】During the construction of underwater obstacle removal,hydraulic hammer under⁃water crushing technology is used for pared to traditional underwater blastingconstruction technology,it does not require blasting operations,which means that underwaterseismic waves,pulsating water pressure,and shock waves will not be generated.Hydraulic ham⁃mer underwater crushing technology can improve construction efficiency,shorten the construc⁃tion period,ensure the smooth completion of the project,and achieve good construction results.Key words:hydraulic crushing hammer;underwater crushing;excavation construction technology1引言航道护岸养护工程项目中的水下障碍物清除施工,选择使用液压破碎锤水下破碎开挖施工技术,该技术具备良好的安全性、环保性,可以有效规避传统性施工方法中的爆破开挖,无须办理烦琐的安全审批环节手续,提高施工效率的同时降低施工成本,具备良好的经济效益与社会效益。
试验机术语中英文
试验机中英文术语现在,很多试验机已经走出国门。
在这过程中,厂家们难免会遇到一些不懂的试验机英文术语,下面就给大家普及一下试验机的中英文术语。
1 摆锤冲击刀刃pendulum striking edge2 摆锤冲击速度impact velocity of the pendulum3 摆锤空击free swing of pendulum4 摆锤力矩moment of pendulum5 摆锤式冲击试验机pendulum impact testing machine6 摆动周期swing period7 摆杆rod of pendulum8 摆轴axle of rotation9 半自动试验机semi-automatic testing machine10 杯突试验机cupping testing machine11 变形速率rate of deformation12 标称值nominal value13 标度盘(尺) dial(scale)14 标度盘几何中心geometric centre of the dial15 标距gauge length16 标准测力仪standard dynamometer17 标准扭矩仪standard torquemeter18 标准硬度机standard hardness tester19 表面洛氏硬度计Rockwell superficial hardness tester20 表面洛氏硬度值Rockwell superficial hardness number21 布氏硬度计Brinell hardness tester22 布氏硬度压头Brinell hardness indenter23 布氏硬度值Brinell hardness number24 材料工艺性能material processibility25 材料试验机material testing machine26 测力系统dynamometric system27 测量measurement28 测量重复性repeatability of measurement29 测量再(复)现性reproducibility of measurement30 测量范围measuring range31 [测量范围]上限值[measuring range] higher limit32 [测量范围]下限值[measuring range] lower limit33 超声硬度计ultrasonic hardness tester34 超试验力over test force35 程序控制试验机program-controlled testing machine36 持久强度creep rupture strength37 持久强度试验机creep rupture strength testing machine38 冲击摆锤impact pendulum39 冲击锤体impact hammer40 冲击韧性impact toughness41 冲击试验机impact testing machine42 冲击试验支座impact specimen support43 冲击试样支座跨距span of impact specimen supports44 冲击能量impact energy45 从动针follow-up pointer46 初试验力initial test force47 传感器transducer48 锤式布氏硬度计hammering type Brinell hardness tester49 打击点striking point50 打击中心center of strike51 低频疲劳试验机low frequency fatigue testing machine52 低温试验机low temperature testing machine53 低温装置low temperature device54 颠簸实验bump test55 点漂point drift56 电液伺服疲劳试验机electro-hydraulic servo-controlled fatigue testing machine57 电子式试验机electronic testing machine58 动静万能试验机static/dynamic universal testing machine59 动蠕变dynamic creep60 动态[试验]力dynamic [test] force61 断后标距final gauge length62 断后伸长率percentage elongation after fracture63 断裂韧性fracture toughness64 断面收缩率percentage reduction of area65 断面增大率percentage increase of area66 多次冲击试验机repeated impact testing machine67 反向器reverser68 非金属材料试验机non-metallic material testing machine69 分度值division value70 复合试验机combined test force testing machine71 腐蚀试验机corrosion testing machine72 高频疲劳试验机high frequency fatigue testing machine73 高温试验机high temperature testing machine74 高温装置high temperature device75 隔热屏radial beat shield76 工程应力engineering stress77 工艺性能试验processibility test78 规定残余伸长应力permanent set stress79 规定非比例伸长(压缩)应力proof stress of non-proportional elongation(compression)80 规定总伸长(压缩)应力proof stress of total elongation(compression)81 横梁cross-beam82 横应变transverse strain83 缓冲器buffer84 机械式试验机mechanical testing machine85 记录装置recorder86 加热元件heating element87 夹头grip88 剪切强度shear strength89 剪切应力shear stress90 金属材料试验机metallic material testing machine91 [静]蠕变[static]creep92 静态[试验]力static [test] force93 径向间隙radial clearance94 均热带长度uniform temperature zone length95 空试验力no test force96 拉杆pull rod97 拉力试验机tensile testing machine98 拉伸强度tensile strength99 [试验]力[test] force100 力标准机force standard machine101 力传感器force transducer102 力基准机primary force standard machine103 力学性能mechanical properties104 力学性能试验mechanical test105 量程measuring span106 灵敏度sensitivity107 洛氏硬度值Rockwell hardness number108 洛氏硬度计Rockwell hardness tester109 洛氏硬度压头Rockwell hardness indenter110 落锤式冲击试验机falling impact testing machine 111 满量程误差full scale error112 磨损abrasion113 摩擦磨损试验机friction-abrasion testing machine 114 内力internal force115 能量损失energy loss116 粘弹性viscoelasticity117 扭矩标准机standard torquer118 扭矩基准机primary standard torquer119 扭应变torsional strain120 扭应力torsional stress121 扭转试验机torsion testing machine122 努氏硬度压头Knoop hardness indenter123 努氏硬度值Knoop hardness number124 挠度deflection125 疲劳fatigue126 疲劳断裂fatigue fracture127 疲劳极限fatigue limit128 疲劳试验机fatigue testing machine129 疲劳寿命fatigue life130 漂移drift131 平均试验力mean test force132 平均应变mean strain133 平均应力mean stress134 平面应变断裂韧度plane-strain fracture toughness135 钳口jaw136 强度strength137 切应变shear strain138 屈服点yield point139 蠕变强度creep strength140 蠕变试验机creep testing machine141 蠕变速度rate of creep142 热疲劳试验机thermal fatigue testing machine143 上屈服点upper yield point144 邵氏硬度计Shore durometer145 邵氏硬度值Shore durometer number146 始点漂移zero drift147 示波冲击试验机impact testing machine with the scope148 示值indicating value149 示值重复性误差repeatability error in the indicating value150 示值重复性相对误差relative error of repeatability in the indicating value151 示值进回程误差error between forward and backward in indicating value152 示值进回程相对误差relative error between forward and backward in indicating value 153 示值误差indicating value154 示值相对误差relative error of indicating value155 试件sample156 试台testing bench157 试验机附件accessories of testing machine158 试验空间test space159 [试验]力[test] force160 试验力保持时间duration of test force161 试验力范围range of test force162 试验力幅test force amplitude163 试验力施加速度rate of applying test force164 试验力施加系统system of applying test force165 试验系统的柔度testing system flexibility166 试样specimen167 松弛relaxation168 松弛试验机relaxation testing machine169 松弛应力relaxation stress170 塑性plasticity171 塑性变形plastic deformation172 算术平均值arithmetic mean173 缩短率percentage reduction of length174 弹簧试验机spring testing machine175 弹性elasticity176 弹性变形elastic deformation177 弹性模量modulus of elasticity178 弹性滞后elastic hysteresis179 条件疲劳极限conditional fatigue limit180 同轴度coaxiality181 弯曲强度bending strength182 弯折试验机reverse bend tester183 万能试验机universal testing machine184 温度波动variation in testing temperature 185 温度范围temperature range186 温度控制器temperature control equipment 187 温度梯度temperature gradient188 维氏硬度计Vickers hardness tester189 维氏硬度压头Vickers hardness indenter 190 维氏硬度值Vickers hardness number191 位移传感器displacement transducer192 下屈服点lower yield point193 线材扭转试验机wire torsion tester194 线性应变linear strain195 肖氏硬度计Shore hardness tester196 肖氏硬度压头Shore hardness indenter 197 肖氏硬度值Shore hardness number198 携带式硬度计portable hardness tester 199 循环[试验]力cyclic [test]force200 循环应变cyclic strain201 循环应力cyclic stress202 压板compression plate203 压力试验机compression testing machine 204 压缩强度compressive strength205 压头主轴main axle of indenter206 引伸计extensometer207 引伸计标距extensometer gauge length 208 应变strain209 应变范围range of strain210 应变幅strain amplitude211 应力stress212 应力比stress ratio213 应力范围range of stress214 应力幅stress amplitude215 应力强度因子stress intensity factor216 应力—应变图stress-strain diagram217 硬度hardness218 硬度计hardness tester219 硬度压头hardness indenter220 液压式试验机hydraulic testing machine221 原始标距original gauge length222 约定真值conventional true value223 运输包装件试验机transport packages testing machine224 赵氏硬度计Pusey and Jones indentation instrument225 赵氏硬度值Pusey and Jones indentation hardness number226 真应力true stress227 真值true value228 正应力normal stress229 指示装置indicating device230 指针pointer231 轴向间隙axial clearance232 轴应变axial strain233 最大[试验]力maximum [test]force234 最大循环[试验]力maximum cyclic [test]force235 最大循环应力maximum cyclic stress236 最大应变maximum strain237 最小[试验]力minimum [test] force238 最小循环[试验]力minimum cyclic [test] force239 最小循环应力minimum cyclic stress240 最小应变minimum strain241 准确度accuracy242 准确度等级accuracy class243 自动试验机automatic testing machine244 总试验力total test force希望对大家有所帮助。
液压冲击式桩锤结构设计说明书
摘要建筑业是国民经济的支柱产业,液压桩锤属于建筑机械中的桩工机械。
在工业发达国家中,由于液压桩锤的高性能低公害,都在大力开发这种产品,并已作为成熟产品生产。
液压桩锤主要由锤主体、液压系统、测控装置三部分组成。
该论文成果表达在样机设计方案的创新性、技术水平的先进性等。
(1)采用汽车式底盘、前后支腿结构和导轨式桩架支撑整个桩锤主体。
(2)锤头中空,内置颗粒金属,用于调节锤头冲击重量。
这也是本文的主要创新点液压桩锤在最大冲程能量时的总传动效率为72. 7%,按相同计算方法,国外5种同类产品(日本车辆、日立建机、德国MENCK、美国HPSI、芬兰JUNTTAN)的平均总传动效率为56.9%。
新型液压桩锤样机的传动效率比国外同类产品高出近16个百分点。
通过对样机试运行和性能测试结果说明:液压桩锤的设计方案具有创新性和实用性,性能及价格适合我国建筑市场需求,具有较好的发展前景。
关键词:液压桩锤;液压系统设计;动力学计算。
AbstractArchitecture is one of the backbone industries of the national economy. The hydraulic pile hammer (HPH) is one of the pile-driving machineries for architectural applications. Compared with other kinds of pile hammers, it is characterized of lower environmental pollution, less vibration, lower noise, highWork quality, and larger energy transmission efficiency, which has been developed and put on market in advanced industry countries due to its advantages.New-style hydraulic pile hammer (NSHPH) is made up of a main body ofhammer, a hydraulic power source, and a measure set.The study findings of this article characterize in the innovative design scheme and the advanced technical level.1 Innovative Design Scheme(1) Uses the automobile type chassis、Around leg structure and guide rail type pile frame support entire pile monkey main body.(2) In hammer head spatial, in sets at the pellet metal, uses in adjusting the hammer head impact weight.2 Advanced Technical LevelThe mean total transmission efficiency (TTE) of the five foreign HPHs (Japanese vehicle, Japanese Hitachi, German Menck, American Hpsi, Finnish Junttan) is 56.9% by the same counting method. While the TTE of the NSHPH in this paper is 72.7% at maximal sticking energy, which is 16% higher than the foreign ones.The NSHPH in this paper is designed innovatively and practically. TheExperimental results show that NSHPH may be regarded as a promising candidate for architectural applications for its favorable excellent mechanical performances. The market researches show that its capability and price adapt to demand of architecture market in our country.Key words:hydraulic pile hammer;hydraulic system design;dynamics computation.目录摘要 (III)Abstract (II)I前言 (1)1 绪论 (2)1.1桩基础施工技术发展趋向 (2)1.2液压桩锤的发展趋势及技术现状 (2)1.2.1液压桩锤发展趋势 (2)国内外液压桩锤的技术现状 (3)1.3液压锤与柴油锤的比较 (4)1.3.1液压锤的特点 (4)1.3.2柴油锤的特点 (4)2 课题概要 (5)2.1液压桩锤的选题背景 (5)2.2液压桩锤要解决的问题 (5)3 液压桩锤系统组成 (7)3.1液压桩锤结构组成 (7)4 总体设计方案及工作原理 (9)4.1液压桩锤本体结构组成 (9)4.锤体 (9)4.1.2液压油源 (9)4. 2打桩工作原理 (10)5 液压桩锤参数的设计与计算 (12) (12) (13)主要参数确实定 (13)缸筒的内径 (14)活塞杆直径 (15)液压缸的行程 (16)缸筒 (16)缸筒计算 (17)活塞 (20)活塞杆 (20) (23) (24) (26)蓄能用蓄能器参数确实定 (27)5.6螺栓的设计、校核计算 (33)液压锤的上、下箱体的连接螺栓 (33) (36)连接活塞杆和锤体的销轴的设计计算 (36)用于钢丝绳与桩锤之间连接的销轴的计算 (37)结论 (39)参考文献 (40)致谢 (42)前言我国预制桩的施工多数是利用柴油锤进行的,柴油锤施工时虽然打击力大,但是也存在不少缺点,柴油锤施工时噪声很大,有油烟飞散,给城市的环境带来很多的污染,给周围的居民带来诸多不便,影响居民的正常休息。
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损失大大减少,工作的效率得以最大化。
通过蓄压器系统,实现锤头下落中的加速和能耗补偿。 PROMINENT ENERGY TRANSFERRING RATE With the help of efficient design of hammer body and the cushion arrangement, impact energy transferred with lower energy loss. That means the job efficiency can be maximized. Equipped with Pressure Accumulator system, which could quicken the drop and compensate the energy loss during ram drop.
1500
1500
1500
1500
35/90
35/90
30/90
28/85
15000
17000
21000
25000
双缸提升 Double hydraulic cylinder lifting
发动机功率 Engine power (HP)
180
260
325
400
550
600
900
操作压力 Operating pressure(Mpa)
400
500
500
500
600
600
700
尺寸 (不含Βιβλιοθήκη 帽)Size (W/O pile cap)
长 Length (mm) 宽 Width (mm) 高 Height(mm)
5500 900 900
6500 950 950
6650 976 976
7050 1052 1052
7160 1106 1106
Technical Data
技术参数 >>
型号 Model
YC-5
YC-8
YC-11
YC-15
YC-17
YC-21
YC-25
冲击能量 Impact energy(KN.m)
60
120
165
225
255
315
375
锤体行程 Ram stroke height (mm)
液压冲击锤
Hydraulic impact hammer
桩帽 同管帽相连,可以在起重机悬吊时, 辅助固定桩体。 Pile Cap Connect with cap housing as an auxiliary holder when crane free suspended.
Product feature
产品特性 >>
1. 高能量效率和传递 由于锤体的高效化设计和缓冲垫的安放,锤头传递到桩头上的打击能量的
4. 简易化设计和高可靠性 采用简易化设计理念,使得操作维护和机械修理两方面都容易操作。采用用户友好化设计的遥控装置使得操作也简单易行。 永安液压冲击锤按照长寿命,故障最小化设计制造。电气和液压系统(包括油管、电缆、联轴器等相关附件)均采用精准设计加工,
以确保系统可靠。 SIMPLICITY IN DESIGN AND LONG-TERM RELIABILITY The adoption of simple design principle allows easy maintenance and quick trouble shooting for operators. Together, easy operation could be realized with user-friendly remote control. Yongan hydraulic pile hammers are designed and manufactured for long life service with minimal downtime. Precise workmanship is adopted to electric and hydraulic system including hoses, cables, couplings and other related parts, thus the whole system is reliable.
冲击频率 Impact frequency (per min/Max) (BPM ) 锤体质量 Ram weight(Kg)
1200 40/98 5000
1500 38/90 8000
1500 38/90 11000
提升方式 Lifting method
单缸提升 Single hydraulic cylinder lifting
24
动力站
Power pack
最大流量 Max oil flow(L/min)
200
邮油箱容积 Hydraulic oil tank volume(L)
800
24 260 1200
24 380 1400
24 550 1800
24 680 2000
24 760 2000
24 910 2200
燃油容积 Fuel tank volume (L)
锤体下落高度标识 操作人员可以看到锤头落下的高度, 并通过遥控器实时调整。 Ram drop height indicator Operator can see ram drop height easily and can adjust ram stroke height during the pile driving through remote control box.
油管固定架 液压锤工作时,油管可以牢靠地依 附在固定架上。 Hose bracket The hydraulic hoses from power pack is mounted to hose bracket so that they could stay firmed and strongly.
活塞杆 它能够控制锤体的升起降落。 Piston Rod It adjusts the range of ram stroke height, moving the ram upwards and downwards.
2.多功能性和广泛的应用范围 永安打桩锤广泛使用于混凝土桩(圆形,方形,六方型), 钢管桩,工字
钢桩,板桩等。 固定导轨式(圆柱形和四方形),起重机悬吊式,海上导轨式,U型架等形
式都可应用。 不仅可以用于陆上和海上打桩工况,斜桩 、 水下5米内打桩、动力冲击、
打板桩等都可以适用。 VERSATILITY AND WIDE RANGE OF PILE DRIVING APPLICATION Yongan pile hammer could inserts many types and sizes of piles:Concrete pile (round shape, square shape and octagonal shape), steel casing pile, H-Beam and so on. Fixed Leader Type (Round Shape and Square Type), Crane Suspended Type, Offshore Leader Type, U-Type Leads and others can be available. Not only onshore and offshore pile driving conditions, but also batter piles and under water (above 5m) and sheet piling are applicable.
7188 1260 1260
7638 1300 1300
Product structure
产品结构 >>
蓄压器 调节压力高低,降低反冲力,并 可控制锤体以130%自由加速度 下落。 Pressure Accumulator It functions high and low pressure. It reduces the shock pressure,and control the ram to drop in a speed 130% of free acceleration.
锤体 锤体由一个或多个锤体部件构成,出 厂前经过严格的物理和化学测试。 Ram It is comprised of one or more ram segments and stands complicated physical and chemical tests before application.
5. 质量可靠的易损件 永安打桩锤只选用高品质易损件,以确保易损件使用寿命,从而降低客户的使用成本。
QUALIFIED CONSUMABLE PARTS All Yongan hammer choose only qualified consumable parts to assure the long life time of the parts. Thus customer can save the cost from consumable parts.
3.打桩频率高,有锤头行程精确控制功能 快速打桩时可以使用高频打桩;也可以启用远程控制系统,控制稳定的锤头行程,实现精确打桩。这些功能对于防止锤头突然不稳定