最新高一必修三语法(名词性从句)

必修3 语法

Unit 1& Unit 2 Modal verbs情态动词(讲解详见P91—94)

1. 情态动词的语法特征:

1)情态动词不能单独做谓语, 除ought和have外, 后面只能接不带to的不定式。

2) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态动词, 如can, will也有一般式和过去式的变

化。

3）只作情态动词的: can / could, may / might, ought to, must

可情态可实义的: need, dare

可情态可助动词的: shall / should, will /would

相当于情态动词的: have to, used to

2. 情态动词：

can & could, may & might, will & would, shall & should, must/ can, ought to & ought not to, have to & don’t have to, mustn’t & needn’t等

注意事项：

1. can 和could 接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。can 用在否定和疑问句中, 表示不相信、怀疑等态度。Could have done 表示本可以做的事情但却没有做

e.g. They can’t have gone out because the light is still on.

2. 以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用can或will。如：— Could I borrow your dictionary?

— Yes, of course you can.

3. shall 可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求意见或许可；还可用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示允诺、警告、命令或威胁等。如：

You shall be punished if you break the rule.

4. should 表示义务、建议、劝告，意为“应该”。“should + have + 过去分词表示本应该在过去做但没有做。

e.g. You should keep your promise.

你应该遵守诺言。

She should have passed the exam.

她应该通过考试的。

5. must 用于一般问句中, 肯定回答用must 否定式用needn’t 或don’t have to，做“不必”, mustn’t 表示“禁止，不允许”

— Must I finish all assignments at a time?

— Yes, you must.

No, you needn’t.

must 表示“偏要, 硬要”, 指做令人不快的事情。

Eg: He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course, after I gave her my advice, she must go and do the opposite.

练一练：

一、选择。

1. I ______ worry about my weekend — I always have my plans ready before it comes.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. daren’t

D. needn’t

2. —How’s your new babysitter?

— We ______ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.

A. should

B. might

C. mustn’t

D. couldn’t

3. — May I take this book out of the reading room?

— No, you ______. You read it in here.

A. mightn’t

B. won’t

C. needn’t

D. mustn’t

4. When I was young, I was told that I ____ play with matches. (上海2008春)

A. wouldn’t

B. needn’t

C. mustn’t

D. daren’t

5. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours.

A. can; have to

B. may; can

C. have to; may

D. ought to; must

6. — Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?

— I am afraid you _____, in case he comes late for the meeting.

A. will

B. must

C. may

D. can

7. It _____ be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. won’t

D. needn’t

8. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.

—Don’t worry. You _____ have it by Friday.

A. could

B. shall

C. must

D. may

二、用适当的情态动词翻译句子。

1. 你应该更加注意你的书写。(pay attention to)

2. 明天早晨，我们必须早起。

3. 我本应该完成作业的，但昨晚我熬夜看足球赛了。(stay up late)

4. 司机酒后严禁开车。

5. 你不必太担心你的作文。

Unit 3 —5 名词性从句noun clauses

1. 名词性从句定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。(Noun Clauses)

2. 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

3. 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

1）What he does is important.

2) I don’t like what he does everyday.