南京航空航天大学2017考研真题部门法学
南京航空航天大学2015年《840部门法学》考研专业课真题试卷
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科目代码:840科目名称:部门法学 第1页 共2页 南京航空航天大学2015年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题A 卷 科目代码: 840 科目名称: 部门法学 满分: 150 分 注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!经济法试题(75分)一、简述题(本题10分)1.简述2013年12月28日公司法修正案修改的主要内容。
二、材料题(本题30分)1、背景资料:据经济参考报消息, 2013年8月16日,以银行股为代表的权重股在大单拉升下迅速涨停,并带动沪指盘中呈现百点长阳。
A 股惊天异动的背后并非行情的启动,而是光大证券犯下“史上最大乌龙”错误。
在当天证监会的例行新闻发布会上,证监会新闻发言人表示,股市异动主要原因是光大证券自营账户大额买入。
浙江裕丰律师事务所高级合伙人厉健律师对《经济参考报》记者表示,如果光大证券上午操作失误属实,那么光大证券再出现7023手空单,明显是集中资金优势,影响正常交易秩序,涉嫌操纵证券市场。
市场人士花荣也认为,以避免损失为目的的内幕交易,与获利为目的的内幕交易,性质相同,都是违反证券法的行为。
问:(1)何为操纵证券市场?我国《证券法》禁止操纵证券市场的行为有哪些?(2)何为内幕交易?构成内幕交易须符合哪些条件?(3)光大证券依法应当承担什么责任?三、案例题(本题35分)1、吴先生于2013年2月以18500元/平方米的均价通过预售购得某市“龙湖郦城”的一套65平方米的商品房,该房产由龙湖地产公司开发。
同年10月21日龙湖地产公司在华东推出“抢收华东”的促销行动,“龙湖郦城”在促销降价之列,其均价降到14000元/平方米以下。
气愤的吴先生于22日一大早赶到售楼处,看到早已有大量前期购房者聚集在售楼处门前。
有的前期购房者提出,宁可先违约退房,再重新购买目前在售的房源;部分前期购房者称由于降价,房子还没到手已经损失了数十万元,接近总房价的三分之一,难以接受,要求退还差价;还有部分前期购房者称房产商的降价行为系“价格欺诈”。
2017年南京航空航天大学考研试题840部门法学
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:840满分:150 分科目名称:部门法学注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!民法试题(75分)一、名词解释题(每题4分,共20分)1.支配权2.法人的章程3.表见代理4.物权请求权5.地役权二、简答题(每题10分,共30分)1.简述请求权基础分析法的步骤。
2.简述诉讼时效与除斥期间的区别。
3.简述一般人格权的内容。
三、论述题(共25分)试述物权优先于债权的内涵,并分别说明其法理依据。
经济法试题(75分)一、简述题(每题10分,共 20分)1.经济法责任的形式和特点。
2.经济法对网络约车市场发展的功能。
二、论述题(共 20分)2016年2月,国务院法制办公室公布了《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法(修订草案送审稿)》并公开征求意见。
请予以结合分析我国反不正当竞争法与反垄断法的功能区别、制度差异及统一协调。
三、材料题(共20分)背景材料:根据国家统计局2016年11月14日发布的2016年1-10月份全国房地产开发投资和销售情况,2016年1-10月份,全国房地产开发投资83975亿元,同比名义增长6.6%,增速比1-9月份提高0.8个百分点。
而2016年国庆期间以及国庆以后,全国一线和部分二线热点城市相继出台了调控政策,主要目的是抑制房价的过快上涨。
这些政策从需求面看主要是限购限贷,减少投机性的购房需求;从供给角度来讲,主要是增加土地供应;从交易环节来讲,主要是加大对交易环节违法违规行为的查处。
问:(1)根据我国《价格法》,我国有哪些价格形式?目前我国房地产市场主要采取哪种价格形式?(2)宏观调控政策工具主要有哪些?在我国,哪些主体可以依法运用宏观调控政策工具?(3)请结合上述材料谈谈你对地方政府宏观调控权的看法。
四、案例题(共15分)案情:2016年5月9日,李某在某网络购物平台购买了一条珍珠手链,该购物平台网站上页面宣传是天然珍珠,售价580元,商家还赠送塑料运动手环一个。
南京航空航天大学硕士研究生入学考试初试部门法学真题2014年
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南京航空航天大学硕士研究生入学考试初试部门法学真题2014年(总分:225.00,做题时间:180分钟)一、特别提醒: (总题数:1,分数:0.00)二、第一部分:经济法试题(75分) (总题数:1,分数:40.00)1.《消费者权益保护法》修改后给经营者增加了哪些义务?(分数:40.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________三、论述题(本题35分)(总题数:1,分数:35.00)2.论经济法的本质。
(分数:35.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________四、第二部分:民法试题(75分) (总题数:3,分数:18.00)3.安全保障义务与不作为的义务(分数:6.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.无因行为与无因管理(分数:6.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.补充责任与过失相抵(分数:6.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________五、问答题(14分)(总题数:1,分数:14.00)6.隐私权的含义和主要内容及公众人物隐私权法律保护上的特殊性(分数:14.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________六、结合时事背景作民法学评述(共2题32分)(总题数:2,分数:32.00)7. 在城市化进程推进和过高房价压力下,“小产权房”被视为解决城镇人住房困难的一个途径。
2017年法律硕士考研真题及答案
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2017年法律硕士考研真题及答案本内容凯程崔老师有重要贡献2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试法律硕士(非法学)专业基础试题一、单项选择题:第1-40小题,每小题1分,共40分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
三、简答题:第51-54小题,每小题6分,共24分。
{简2017.51}51.简述假释的法律后果51.(1)假释的撤销及处理:①被假释的犯罪分子,在假释考验期限内犯新罪,应当撤销假释,依照本法第71条的规定实行数罪并罚。
②在假释考验期限内,发现被假释的犯罪分子在判决宣告以前还有其他罪没有判决的,应当撤销假释,依照本法第70条的规定实行数罪并罚。
③被假释的犯罪分子,在假释考验期限内,有违反法律、行政法规或者国务院有关部门关于假释的监督管理规定的行为,尚未构成新的犯罪的,应当依照法定程序撤销假释,收监执行未执行完毕的刑罚。
(2)假释考验及其积极后果:《刑法》第85条对假释的犯罪分子,在假释考验期限内,依法实行社区矫正,如果没有本法第86条规定的情形,假释考验期满,就认为原判刑罚已经执行完毕,并公开予以宣告。
(3)犯罪分子被假释后,原判有附加刑的,附加刑仍须继续执行。
原判有附加剥夺政治权利的,附加剥夺政治权利的刑期从假释之日起计算。
{简2017.52}52.简述危害公共安全罪的共同特征52.危害公共安全罪是指故意或者过失地实施危害不特定的多数人的生命、健康和重大公私财产安全的行为。
共同特征:(1)侵犯客体:社会的公共安全,即不特定多数人的生命、健康和重大公私财产安全。
(2)客观方面:实施了危害公共安全的行为。
(3)犯罪主体:多数是一般主体。
少数犯罪主体是特殊主体。
年满16周岁都可以成为本罪主体,已满14周岁不满16周岁的未成年人犯放火、爆炸、投放危险物质罪的,也应当负刑事责任。
本罪主体一般是自然人,但少数犯罪的主体可以是单位。
个别犯罪的主体则只能是单位,如违规制造、销售枪支罪。
教育综合2017年南京航空航天大学硕士研究生考试真题
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梦想不会辜负每一个努力的人
南京航空航天大学
2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:333
满分:150 分
科目名称:教育综合
注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!
一、名词解释(共6题,每题5分,共30分)
1. 课程标准
2. 科举制度
3. 学习动机
4. 班级授课制
5. 最近发展区
6. 助产术(苏格拉底法)
二、简答题(共5题,可任选4题作答,每题10分,共40分)
1. 简述教育的基本要素
2. 简述教师劳动的特点
3. 简述学校德育的基本途径
4. 简述班集体的教育功能
5. 简述教学工作的基本环节
三、分析论述题(共5题,可任选4题作答,每题20分,共80分)
1. 论述建构主义学习理论的基本观点
2. 论述孔子因材施教思想及其教育影响
3. 结合经验,论述“理论联系实际”的教育教学原则
4. 结合经验论述教师的素养
5. 论述卢梭的自然教育思想
科目代码:010科目名称:教育综合第1页共1页。
2017年南京航空航天大学922研究生入学考试真题
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7. (9 分)一家四口人,儿子喜欢吃苹果,由父亲负责购买, 女儿喜欢吃橘子,由母亲负
责购买。父亲和母亲购买水果后放到家中的抽屉里,儿子和女儿从抽屉里取出水果。假设
抽屉只能容纳 20 个水果,同时只能一人开关, 用纪录型信号量同步父母子女四个进程。
科目代码:922 科目名称:数据结构与操作系统(专业学位) 第 4 页 共 4 页
(3).已经获得除( )以外的所有运行所需资源的进程处于就绪状态
A.存储器 B.打印机 C.CPU D.磁盘空间
(4).采用时间片轮转法调度是为了( )。
A.多个终端都能得到系统的及时响应 B.先来先服务
C.优先级较高的进程得到及时调度
D.需 CPU 最短的进程先做
(5).在一段时间内只允许一个进程访问的资源,称为( ) 。
A.初始化程序 B.原语 C.子程序 D.控制模块
科目代码:922 科目名称:数据结构与操作系统(专业学位) 第 2 页 共 4 页
(9). 在分段管理中( )。
A.以段为单位分配,每段是一个连续存储区 B.段与段之间必定不连续
C.段与段之间必定连续
D.每段是等长的
(10).通道是一种( )。
A.I/O 端口 B.数据通道 C.I/O 专用处理机 D.软件工具
5. (9 分)某分页系统,每个页面长为 1KB,某时刻该用户进程的页表如下:
页号
物理块号
是否在快表中
0
8
是
1
7
是
2
4
否
3
10
否
4
5
否
5
3
是
6
2
是
(1) 请写出分页系统的地址转换过程(3 分)
南京航空航天大学_840部门法学2009--2017_考研专业课真题
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南京航空航天大学 2011 年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题
科目代码: 科目名称: 840 部门法学
A卷
分
满分: 150
注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无
效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!
一、简述题(每题 10 分,共 20 分) 1、简述国家赔偿责任的侵权行为要件。 2、简述行政诉讼被告举证责任及其原因。 二、论述题(每题 20 分,共 40 分) 1、论正当程序原则的内容及对我国全面推进依法行政实施的意义。 2、试述我国行政救济的基础与途径。 三、案例分析题(第一题 15 分、第二题 25 分,共 40 分) 1、2000 年 12 月 21 日,铁道部依据《国家计委关于部分旅客列车票价实行政府指导价 有关问题的批复》 ,发出《关于 2001 年春运期间部分旅客列车实行票价上浮的通知》(以下 简称通知),有关铁路局依据此通知对旅客列车的票价实行上浮。河北某律师事务所律师乔 占祥在春运期间购买了石家庄至磁县、石家庄至邯郸的火车客票两张,支付票款 37 元,比 上浮前分别多了 5 元和 4 元。对此,乔占祥认为铁道部上浮票价的行为侵犯了自己的合法 权益,遂于 2001 年 1 月 18 日向铁道部申请复议,要求撤销上浮火车票价的具体行政行为。 3 月 19 日,铁道部作出维持的复议决定。乔占祥不服,向北京市第一中级人民法院提起行 政诉讼,请求法院撤销铁道部的复议决定及《通知》 。一审法院审理后,判决驳回了乔占祥 的诉讼请求。乔占祥不服一审法院判决,向北京市高级人民法院提出上诉。二审法院审理 后,判决驳回上诉,维持原判。 问: 铁道部作出的《通知》是抽象行政行为还是具体行政行为? 法院受理原告起诉是否正 确?为什么? 2.2010 年 5 月 10 日,某甲与某中介公司签订一份代理协议,某中介公司接受委托将 某甲的一幢房屋以不低于 80 万元的价格在两个月内卖出。 6 月 20 日, 在中介公司推介之下, 某乙决定以 82 万元价格购买此房屋,并承诺全额付款,三方遂于 6 月 21 日签订了房屋买 卖及中介合同,某乙先行交付 60 万元给某甲, 并承诺余款在一个星期内付清,同时约定 房屋产权过户在余款付清后 3 日之内办理。 2010 年 6 月 25 日,某丙找到某甲,提出愿意出价 90 万购买其房屋,某甲遂与中介公 司业务员某丁串通,又与某丙签订了房屋买卖及中介合同,并于次日办理了过户登记。 某乙于 2010 年 6 月 28 日前往中介公司交付余款,发现房屋已卖于他人,十分气愤, 要求中介公司和某甲履行合同、交付房屋。中介公司表示“一房二卖”是自己的工作人员 与卖方串通所为,向某乙道歉。某甲表示愿意返还某乙已付的购房款及利息,但拒绝某乙 提出的继续履行合同、交付房屋的请求。 2010 年 7 月 15 日,由于该房屋浴室漏水,造成楼下住户线路短路,烧坏电器若干, 楼下住户遂要求某丙赔偿。某丙遂找到某甲,要求某甲修缮房屋,并赔偿损失。 根据上述案例,请回答: (1)该房屋的所有权应当归谁?为什么?
【2017南京航空航天大学考研真题】816专业课试卷
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A 卷 )科目代码: 816满分: 150分科目名称:材料力学注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!第1题(15分)如图所示结构, BAC 整体为刚性杆。
杆①直径d 1=40mm ,杆②为圆形阶梯形直杆,D 2=40mm ,d 2=20mm ,尺寸如图所示。
杆①弹性模量E1=210GPa ,杆②弹性模量E2=180GPa 。
已知F =118kN ,l =500mm ,试求两杆的轴力及杆②的最大应力。
第1题 第2题(15分)图示齿轮传动系统。
马达的输入功率P 1 = 36kW ,经轴CD 输出。
已知:轴AB 的转速n 1 = 300r/min 。
B 处齿轮与C 处齿轮的齿数之比z 1: z 2=1:2。
实心圆轴AB 直径d 1=40mm ,空心圆轴CD 外径D 2=50mm ,内径d 2=40mm 。
两根轴采用相同的材料,其剪切弹性模量G =80GPa 。
试求:(1)所有轴中的最大切应力;(2)所有轴中的最大单位长度扭转角。
第2题马达ABC DAC①F2la aBl a②DllD 2d 2矩形截面梁的载荷和截面尺寸(单位:mm)如图所示。
材料的许用应力[σ]=160MPa ,[τ]= 50MPa 。
试:(1)求图示梁的剪力图和弯矩图;(2)校核其强度(考虑剪切强度)。
第3题第4题(20分)图示空心圆轴,外径R =20mm ,壁厚t =10mm ,长度l =0.8m ;AB 两端分别作用有集中力矩M e ,方向如图示。
已知:剪切模量G =77GPa ,泊松比μ = 0.3。
在表面某点C 放置一枚应变片,与表面纵线呈15o 角,加载后测得应变片的读数为 0.001。
求:所施加的力矩M e 。
15°M eCABltRM e第4题q =20kN/mABC3m1mz200yD1mF =100kN 10020kN ·m已知曲杆ABC 为圆截面杆。
2017年南京航空航天大学829研究生入学考试真题
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2017年南京航空航天大学829研究生入学考试真题南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:829满分:150 分科目名称:计算机专业基础注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!数据结构部分(50分)1.(10分)为一个家谱管理程序设计一种数据结构,以一个四代人,11个家庭成员为例,(A有3个孩子A1、A2、A3;A1有2个孩子A11、A12;A2无子,A3有3个孩子A31、A32、A33;A11有1个孩子A111;A32有1个孩子A321;其余尚无子),画出家谱示意图,给出所设计的存储结构示意图,并给出在该存储结构上输出第k代所有人员的算法思想。
2.(10分)已知输入数据序列为(58,68,42,10,88,32,70,52,55,46 ),给出建立3阶B-树示意图,再给出删除55,70后的B-树。
3.(10分)试用Dijkstra算法,求下图中从V1到其余各顶点的最短路径,给出实现算法所用的数据结构和求解过程中每一步的状态。
4.(10分)设A、B为递减有序(元素值为整型)的单链表,编写函数,利用原结点将它们合并成一个递增有序的单链表,相同元素值只保留一个结点。
先给出算法思想,再写出相应代码。
5.(10分)设有n个学生成绩(0-100整数)的顺序结构线性表L,编写函数,将该线性表中调整为成绩及格(大于等于60)在不及格之前,要求T(n)=O(n), S(n)=O(1)。
先给出算法思想,再写出相应代码。
操作系统部分(50分)6. (16分) 简答(4分/题)(1)系统型线程和用户型线程有何区别?(2)分段式系统和分页式系统有何区别?(3)引入缓冲的目的是什么,有哪些常见的缓冲模式?(4)SPOOLING技术如何实现,在操作系统中起何作用?7. (7分)设有三道作业,它们的提交时间及执行时间由下表给出:作业号提交时间执行时间1 8.5 2.02 9.2 1.63 9.4 0.5试计算在单道程序环境下,采用先来先服务调度算法和最短作业优先调度算法时的平均周转时间8. (9分) 某系统有A、B、C、D四类资源可供五个进程P1、P2、P3、P4、P5共享。
法语2017年南京航空航天大学硕士研究生考试真题
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:242满分:100 分科目名称:法语注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!I: Structure grammaticale et vocabulaire 单项选择(20%)1. Je vais________Italie et elle va________Japon.A.en, enB. au, auC. en, auD. au, en2. Il a passé toute la soirée ________ écrire des letters.A. parB. pourC. àD. d’3. Est-ce que les filles __________ les mains avant de se mettre à table.A. sont lavésB. se sont lavésC. se sont lavéesD. se sont lavé4. Combien d’heures travaillez-vous _________ jour?A. chaqueB. toutC. unD. par5. -V oulez-vous du café?- Oui, donnez-_______ une tasse! Merci.A. m’enB. le-moiC. me-leD. moi6. Elle me disait que son mari ________ la rejoindre à Paris.A. viendraitB. venaitC. viendraD. sera venu7. De nous tous, c’est elle qui danse _________.A. mieuxB. le mieuxC. bienD. très bien8. Le médecin me conseille de rester _________ lit et _______ boire beaucoup d’eau.A. au; pourB. sur le; àC. au; deD. dans; de9. __________ trente candidats, douze ont été reçus.A. ParmiB. SurC. DansD. En10. Notre ami nous a réservé des chambres dans _________ hôtel.A. ceB. cetteC. cetD. ces11. Regarde ces deux dictionnaires! ____________ choisiras-tu?A. lequelB. laquelleC. quelD. quelle12. Personne ne veut rester enfermé chez _________ par un temps si beau.A. luiB. elleC. soiD. moi13. Cette jeune femme de vingt ans _________ le français depuis dix ans.A. apprendB. enseigneC. prendD. lit14. Les filles étaient ________ d’être invitées à la soirée.A. toutesB. tousC. toutD. toute15. C’est une maladie qui est facile _________ guérir.A. pourB. deC. àD. en16. Mon ordinateur ne fonctionne plus, je demande à mon père de me prêter ________ .A. leB. enC. le leurD. le sien17. Il n’y a qu’un étudiant dans la classe. Où sont donc __________?A. autresB. les autresC. autruiD. d’autres18. –Quelle leçon avez-vous ________ hier?–Nous avons appris la lecon 3.A. priseB. apprisC. appriseD. pris19. Un Français __________ cinq fait aujourd’hui partie de ce qu’on appelle le troisième âge.A. dansB. parC. entreD. sur20. Tes études, tu dois__________occuper.A. enB. yC. t’yD. t’enII. Conjugaison des verbes au temps et au mode convenables. 时态填空(5%)21.M on frère(pouvoir) __________ réussir s’il travaillait plus dur.22.J e voulais bien le raconter, mais il (partir) __________déja sans lasisser un mot.23.I ls nous ont dit qu’ils (surmonter)__________ sûrement la crise de la qurantaine.24.Q uinze jours après, ces touristes(traverser) __________l’Alsace sur les canaux.25.I l faut que tous les garçon(arriver) __________à temps.III. Compréhension écrite. 阅读理解(10%)Texte 1Quel Métier choisirChoisir un métier, c’est décider de son avenir! Mais, n’ayez pas peur ! Les évolutions des métiers sont très rapides: il est possible que vous n’excusez pas le même métier toute votre vie ou pas dans les mêmes conditions , et peut-être même que vous exercerez un métier qui n’existe pas encore. Le choix que vous faites aujourd’hui n’est donc pas définitif, mais il vous permet de fixer un but afin de constuire un sens de formation, qui pourra bien sûr s’affirmer et s’enrichir au fur et à mesurer votre vie professionnelle.Si généralement vous avez votre petite idée sur le métier que vous souhaitez exercer, pourtant les représentations que vous en avez ne correspondent pas toujours à la réalité. Pour bien connaître les métiers et les secteurs professionnels, la première étape importante est de bien connaître vos propres idées en recherchant des informations précises. Plusieurs possibilités s’offrent à vous. D’abord, rendez-vous dans le centre de documentation et d’in formation de votre établissement ou dans le centre d’information et d’orientation le plus proche où vous pourrez consulter l’abondante documation sue les métiers.Puis vous pouvez aussi poser des questions àvos parents, àleurs amis, àvos voisins sur leur activités professionnelle, telle que : que font-ils exactement comme métier ?Comment s’organise leur journée ? Dans quel service travaillent-ils ? Tavaillent-ils seuls ou en équipe ? Ce qu’ils ont vécu est précieux. Les conférences sur des métiers et les salons d’orientations sont aussi une bonne occasion de rencontrer des gens intéressants.Enfin, vous pouvez visiter une entreprise à l’occasion de journées portes ouvertes. Mieux encore, un stage d’observation de quelques jours vous permettra de rentrer dans l’entreprise afin d’être directement face à la réalité.26 Pou choisir un métier, quel conseil l’auteur donne-il aux jeunes gens ?A Il faut bien réfléchir, car choisir un métier , c’est décider de son avenir.B Ce n’est pas la peine de le faire t out de suite, car le métier évolue très vite.C On peut en choisir un, car ce n’est pas le choix définitif.D On peut en choisir un, mais il faut d’abord suivre des conseils.27 Que faut-il faire avant le choix d’un métier ?A Il faut d’abord rendre claires les idées sur le choix d’un métier.B Il faut avoir de petites idées sur les métiers qu’on souhaite exercer.C Il faut que le choix s’accorde à la réalité du besoin social.D Il faut lire les journaux et demander aux gens qu’on connaît.28 Quand on va au centre de documentation, quel but veut-on atteindre selon le texte ?A Trouver une liste bien complète sur les entreprises.B Connaître mieux le domaine et le métier qu’on va choisir.C Trouver plus de secrets commerciaux dans ce domaine.D Avoir une vue plus large du marché de travail.29 Pourquoi faut-il aussi demander les avis des parents et ceux des voisins ? parce queA Ils peuvent nous aider à trouver un tavail intéressant.B Ils peuvent prendre des décisions pour les jeunes gens.C Les jeunes veulent trouver le même travail qu’eux.D Leurs périences sont plus directes et plus vivantes.30 En quoi consistent ces trois sources d’informations ?A Ces trois sources d’informations consistent en une théorie seule.B Elles consistent en théorie-expérience indirecte-pratique.C Elles consistent en théorie-pratique-théorie.D Elles consistent en théorie—pratique-expérience indirecte.Texte 2La compréhension d’un texteUn individu ayant à lire un texte dans une langue qu’il connaît mal aura la réaction suivante : « Je ne peux pas lire ce texte, je ne comprends pas certains mots.» Et en effet, l’obstacle à la compréhension est en partie dû à une faible connaissance du vocabulaire. Est-ce à dire qu’avec un dictionnaire on parviendrait àcomprendre le texte en cherchant la traduction de la plupart des mots ? Certes, il y aura un résultat après de gros efforts, cependant il faut se souvenir que la compréhension d’une langue n’est pas seulement liée à la traduction d’une suite d e mots mais àla perception des relations qui existent entre ces termes.Devant un mot inconnu, le lecteur dispose de plusieurs moyens pour comprendre :--- Le mot est compris selon le texte. Le lecteur utilise le sens de la phrase pour deviner le mot inconnu.--- Le mot est découpé en unité plus petite. Le lecteur reconnaît dans le mot quelque chose qu’il a déjàlu. Il voit «courage »dans le découragement et comprend grâce àsa connaissance de la valeur de « dé- ».--- Le mot est reconnu grâce à la prés ence d’un élément : photo, dessin et image.--- Le mot est compris à l’aide de la connaissance du vocabulaire ou d’un dictionnaire.Il faut encourager le lecteur à compter sur le texte pour lui donner le sens d’un mot.31 Ce document est destiné ________A. seulement aux étudiants.B. seulement aux professeurs.C. à tous ceux qui veulent lire en langue étrangère.D. à tous ceux qui lisent à l’aide d’un dictionnaire.32 L’auteur du document ________A. encourage les lecteurs à lire davantage.B. encourage les lecteurs à lire correctement.C. montre comment comprendre facilement un texte.D. montre comment mieux utiliser un dictionnaire.33 Après avoir lu le texte, comment peut-on comprendre le mot « découvrir » ?A. Je vais utiliser mon dictionnaire.B. Je vais demander à un ami français.C. Je le comprends grâce à une image, une photo, ou un dessin.D. Je le comprends grâce à la connaissance du vocabulaire.34 Comment peut-on comprendre mieux un texte en langue étrangère selon l’auteur ?A. Il faut traduire le texte mot à mot et deviner le sens des mots nouveaux.B. Il faut comprendre les sens et leurs relations.C. Il faut compter sur les mots pour leur donner le sens.D. Il faut utiliser le sens du texte pour deviner le mot inconnu.35 Quel est le meilleur titre du texte ?A. Comment peut-on comprendre mieux un texte ?B. Comment peut-on mieux utiliser un dictionnaire ?C. Comment peut-on élever le niveau d’une langue étrangère ?D. Comment peut-on mieux traduire un texte ?IV. Version 法译汉(25%)Les étrangers en FranceI ls ont 4 100 000, et 1 900 000 d’entre eux sont des travailleurs salariés.Certains viennent d’ autres pays européens: d’Espagne (250 000), d’Italie (210 000), mais 675 000 viennent d’Afrique du Nord. Il y a aussi de nombreux travailleurs d’Afrique Noir.Les tavailleurs d’Afrique de Nord et d’Afrique Noir ont très souvent beaucoup de difficultés en France. Ils viennent en France pour trouver un emploi qui leur permettra de vivre mieux et surtout d’aider leur famille , restée au pays,mais la plupart ne trouvront que des emplois durs, fatigants et mal payés.Ils auront aussi, bien souvent, des difficultés à trouver un logement et vivront dans des chambres inconfortables avec plusieurs compagnons.Enfin, ils auront des difficultés pour lire, pour parler, pour écrire, car la plupart ne connaissent pas le français. Pour résoudre ce grave problème, il y a depuis quelques années, des cours du soir, des cous à la télévision qui permettent aux travailleurs immigrés d’apprendre rapid ement la langue. V. Thème:汉译法(25%)1. 只要功夫深,铁杵磨成针。
2017年南京航空航天大学637研究生入学考试真题
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1、信息源 2、知识地图 3、CIO 4、帕累托改进 5、信息福利 二、填空题:(每空 2 分,共 26 分。请将答案写在答题纸上。) 1、按信息载体划分,可以将信息资源分为 、缩微型、声像型和 信息资源。
2、根据世界知识产权组织统计,世界上每年发明创造成果信息的 90%-95%都能在 中 查到。
7、知识管理的主要流程包括知识生产、 、知识应用以及 。
8、 是指基于文学、艺术和科学作品依法产生的权利。
9、信息资源配置的基本原则包括:社会福利最大化原则、 原则、 原 则、市场手段和政府手段互补原则。
科目代码:637 科目名称:信息资源管理基础 第 1 页 共 2 页
三、简答题:(每题 8 分,共 64 分。请将答案写在答题纸上。) 1、请简述信息资源管理的主要手段。 2、数据挖掘系统具有哪些功能? 3、请简述信息系统的常见类型。 4、信息资源标准的内容主要包括哪两方面? 5、企业信息化的含义和基本任务是什么? 6、请阐述知识管理的主要内容。 7、请简述关于信息产品产权的制度安排的三种理论。 8、请简述四种信息资源质量的半定量评估方法。 四、论述题:(每题 20 分,共 40 分。请将答案写在答题纸上。) 1、请阐述信息采集的原则和策略并举例说明。 2、试论述在新的环境下信息资源管理技术方法发展的新趋势。
3、搜索引擎的结构主要包括搜索器、分析器、 、检索器、用户接口。
4、自动标引可分为 和自动赋词标引。
5、常见的信息系统开发方法主要有结构化系统开发方法、原型法、面向 的开发方法 以及计算机辅助开发方法等。
6、企业信息资源管理的发展过程可划分为文书管理阶段、 阶段、信息资 源管理阶段、商业竞争分析和竞争情报阶段、 阶段。
【2017南京航空航天大学考研真题】826专业课试卷
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:826满分:150 分科目名称:工程经济学注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!一、名词解释(3分/题,共15分)1.工业产品的寿命周期成本2.差额净现值3.物化劳动4.固定资产净值5.名义利率二、单项选择题(1.5分/题,共15分)1.现金流量是指投资项目在寿命周期内现金活动的()。
A、实际收入B、实际支出C、收支净额D、实际收入,实际支出,收支净额2.确定外贸货物影子价格的基础是实际可能发生的()。
A、市场价格B、口岸价格C、计划价格D、出厂价格3.某项目现金流量如表1所示,基准投资回收期为9年,该项目的静态投资回收期为()。
表1 某项目现金流量表年份0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8~n项目净现金流量-6000 0 0 800 1200 1600 2000 2000 2000累计净现金流量-6000 -6000 -6000 -5200 -4000 -2400 -400 1600A、4.2年B、5.2年C、6.2年D、7.2年4.一般情况下,当一个方案的净现值大于零时,其内部收益率( )。
A、小于基准收益率B、大于基准收益率C、等于基准收益率D、无法确定5.下列叙述中,( )是不正确的。
A、资产负债率是反映项目各年所面临的财务风险程度的指标B、流动比率是反映项目各年偿付流动负债能力的指标C、速动比率是反映项目各年快速偿付流动负债能力的指标D、速动比率是反映项目资金周转速度的指标6. 某项目的NPV(15%)=5万元,NPV(20%)= -20万元,则内部收益率IRR为()。
A、16%B、17%C、18%D、19%7.项目经济评价中满足需要上的可比原则不应包括()。
A、产量可比B、质量可比C、品种可比D、价格可比8. 某设备原始价值为18000元,不考虑残值,每年低劣化增加值为1000元,则设备的最佳使用年限为()。
2017年南京航空航天大学601研究生入学考试真题
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A 卷 ) 科目代码: 601 满分: 150 分 科目名称: 数学分析 注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!1.(13分)计算下列极限(1)1lim 1xx x x →∞+⎛⎫ ⎪-⎝⎭; (2)1326lim ()12x x x x x e x →+∞⎡-+--⎢⎣ 2.(12分)写出点0x 是函数()f x 的第一类间断点的定义,并证明:区间(,)a b 上的单调函数的间断点必是第一类的.3.(13分) 设函数()f x 在(,)a +∞可微,lim ()lim ().x a x f x f x L →+→+∞== 证明:存在(,)a ξ∈+∞,使得'()0.f ξ=4.(12分)已知arcsin ,y x = 求()(0).n y5.(12分)设函数()f x 在[0,1]上二阶可导,且''()0,[0,1]f x x ≤∈,证明:1201()().3f x dx f ≤⎰6.(13分)(1)写出反常积分22ln , (0)a x I dx a a x +∞=>+⎰在变换2a x t =下的形式; (2)计算反常积分220ln (0)x I dx a a x +∞=>+⎰. 7.(13分)若()e k nx n f x xn -=在[0,)+∞上一致收敛,求k 的取值范围.8.(12分)设二元函数(,)(,)f x y x y g x y =-,其中(,)g x y 连续且(0,0)0g =.(1)求'(0,0)x f 和'(0,0)y f ;(2)判断(,)f x y 在(0,0)点的可微性.9.(13分)设二元函数(,)f x y 在点(0,1)的邻域内存在一阶连续偏导数,且(0,1)0,'(0,1)0y f f =≠,令()0(,),sin d y g x y f x t t =⎰.(1)根据隐函数定理验证方程(,)0g x y =在点(0,)2π的邻域内能确定一单值函数()y x ϕ=; (2)求'(0)ϕ.10.(12分)计算三重积分22d xx y V Ω+⎰⎰⎰,其中Ω为曲面22z x y =+22z x y =+围成的有界区域.11.(12分)设函数(,)f x y 在xoy 平面上二阶连续可微,t L 是从点(0,0)到点(1,)t 的光滑曲线.(1)证明曲线积分(,)(,)()d d t L f x y f x y I t x y x y∂∂=+∂∂⎰与路径无关; (2)若(,)f x y 满足(,)(1)e ,ax y f x y ax x-∂=+∂且(0,)e f y y =,求()I t 的最小值. 12.(13分)设第二型曲面积分22e d zI x y x y ∑=+,其中∑为由曲面22z x y =+与平面1,2z z ==所围成立体表面的外侧. (1)分析该曲面积分能否用Gauss 公式计算;(2)求I 的值.。
2017年南京航空航天大学819研究生入学考试真题
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2017年法律硕士考研真题及答案
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2017年法律硕士考研真题及答案本内容凯程崔老师有重要贡献2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试法律硕士(非法学)专业基础试题一、单项选择题:第1-40小题,每小题1分,共40分。
下列每题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。
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2017年南京航空航天大学620研究生入学考试真题
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:620满分:150 分科目名称:基础英语注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!I. Vocabulary (20 points)A.Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, and D to best correspond to the word above. Be sure to writedown your choice on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. reminiscea) indulge in enjoyable recollection b) remind someone of past eventsc) talk about something again d) feel repentant over something2. tackya) very pretty b) lacking in tastec) carefully prepared d) costing a lot of money3. verbositya) nonsense b) obscurityc) gibberish d) wordiness4. acmea) height b) significancec) development d) result5. exhilaratea) cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset b) make (someone) feel very happy and animatedc) make (someone) feel bitter or resentful d) give support or confidence to (someone)6. restivea) extremely graceful b) having a restc) resisting control d) peaceful and quiet7. discrepancya) unlikeliness b) congruityc) incredibility d) difference8. unequivocala) unambiguous b) unbelievablec) indignant d) indiscreet9. preposterousa) macabre b) unfortunatec) dangerous d) outrageous10. sojourna) a pleasant trip b) a nostalgic recollectionc) a temporary stay d) a sad experienceB. Directions: Explain the italicized words in the following sentences with simple, everyday words or expressions in English. Be sure to write down your explanation on the answer sheet. (10 points)1.What all this tells us is of a deep class rift in the culture of England after the Norman Conquest.2.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, we renew our pledge of support: to preventit from becoming merely a forum for invective.3.Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, andtrauma.4.These young men had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewilderingworld-weariness.5.To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proximity to the frustrated majority.6.The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for making money, his penwould prove mightier than his pickax.7.Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity.8.Scientists established several years ago that in many land areas north of the Arctic Circle, the springsnowmelt now comes earlier every year.9.These coasts remind me of people; either they are forbidding and unapproachable, or else they present nomystery and show all they have to give at a glance.10.His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of the British Isles.II. Cloze (20 points)A.Fill in each of the following blanks with a suitable word in its proper form and write down the requiredword on the answer sheet. (10 points)NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson is on the 1 of becoming the oldest woman to travel in space.Whitson will be 56 2 she rockets off the planet Thursday. She’ll celebrate her 57th 3 in February on the International Space Station.That’s a 4 cry from John Glenn’s space shuttle flight at 5 77, and it’s a 6 years shy of the male runners-up over the years. But it’s enough to 7 Barbara Morgan’s record as the world’s oldest spacewoman. Morgan was selected for NASA’s teacher-in-space program in 1985 8 didn’t get a chance to fly until 2007, when she was 55.This will be the third space station mission for Whitson, a biochemist, and her second stint 9 commander. She’ll launch from Kazakhstan, in Central Asia, 10 two younger men, one Russian and the 11 French.“I love wo rking at NASA, but the part that has been the 12 satisfying on a day-to-day 13 hasbeen working onboard the space station,” Whitson 14 reporters over the summer.“It doesn’t 15 if I’m cleaning the filters. I feel like I’m helping personally push 16 exploration . . . that’s 17 I want to go again.”Whitson already has 18 377 days in space and has performed multiple spacewalks. Her upcoming six-month mission should push her 19 534 days in space, the U.S. record 20 in September by 58-year-old astronaut Jeffrey WilliamsB. Fill in each blank with a proper word from the following box. Change its form if necessary and write down the required word on the answer sheet. (10 points)without open initial four-wheel offer access hot evacuee devastate feel although chance seaside slow spokesman loadput helicopter emergency toA road has been cleared to the 1 town of Kaikoura on New Zealand’s east coast four days after it was cut off by a magnitude 7.8 quake that 2 the North Canterbury region of the South Island.The inland road to Kaikoura was 3 on Thursday morning, but only for trucks and 4 drive vehicles as it remained unstable and badly damaged.A convoy of 27 army vehicles 5 with relief supplies was immediately sent to the town.Gale-force winds and heavy downpours in quake-stricken areas continued to 6 the pace of relief efforts, 7 the majority of the 1,200 tourists stranded in Kaikoura had been evacuated by sea and air.Nearly 500 8 came into Christchurch early on Wednesday morning on the HMNZS Canterbury and were 9 up in empty student dormitories, where they were 10 cooked breakfasts and 11 showers after arriving at 5am.Police in Marlborough were using a military Iroquois 12 to begin checking on isolated high-country farms from the Clarence river 13 the upper Awatere valley, delivering 14 food and medical supplies to farmers who had gone 15 assistance since the quake early on Monday.Police 16 Dan Mattison said many people on isolated properties still had no phone or internet 17 and the next few days would be the first 18 for police to check on them.Aftershocks continued to be 19 , but less often. GeoNet said on Wednesday it had recorded more than 2,600 tremors since the 20 quake.III. Error correction (20 points)Directions: There are twenty mistakes in the following passage. You are required to underline or mark the mistakes and get them corrected. Be sure to write down the correct form on the answer sheet.Example: “Wordsworth is said to have ∨most fascinating voice!” theAs the rise of Hitler in Germany, Churchill became a vocal critic 1. __________of his own government’s policy of appeasement. He had urged 2. __________re-armament, particularly the build up of the Royal Air Force in the 3. __________face of the threat of the growing German Luftwaffe. When appeasementfailed and Britain went to war, Churchill saw as the only man who could 4. __________stand up to the Nazi menace.It has frequently been remarked as his judgment was sometimes 5. __________erratic, but the power of his oratory rallied the British people at a time that 6. __________they seemed doom to lose. Then, when the United States entered 7. __________the World War II in December 1941, he addressed Congress, emphasizing 8. __________the need for Anglo-American solidarity and cited his own trans-Atlantic 9. __________ inheritance: his mother was the New York heiress Jenny Jerome. For him the 10. _________vital component was not the sharing blood, but the shared language. During 11. _________the war, the British Cabinet set up a committee to develop a simple form 12. _________of English that the whole world could embrace.Although Churchill fell from power in 1945, his commanding of rhetoric 13. _________was far from over. He coined the term “Iron Curtain”, marked the advent of 14. _________the Cold War. Returning to popular favour, he was Prime Minister oncemore from 1951-1955.Determined that history would judge him favourable, he wrote The 15. _________Second World War in six volumes between 1948 to 1953. It won him 16._________Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953. 17. _________ By his death in 1965, he proved his mastery of both the written and 18. _________spoken forms of language – not just in the heavyweight arena of war 19. _________and politics. His unique wit and acerbic asides made him out of the most 20. _________acute observers of the twentieth century.IV. Paraphrase (30 points)Directions: Restate the following sentences in another form in English to clarify the meaning. Be sure to write down your restatement on the answer sheet.1.Nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments, the very sight of which would send shivers down thespine of any healthy visitor.2.No one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S.history.3.She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that “no”is a word the world neverlearned to say to her.4.They are symptoms of an underlying problem broader in scope and more serious than any we have everfaced.5.If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favourable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.6.Every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.7.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth tolead the land we love.8.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure.9.New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends.10.Heavy hands can fall on the shoulders that have been shrugging away politics.V. General Knowledge (20 points)A. Directions: Choose the best to fill in the blank or answer the question.(10 points)1. “If Aristotle had spoken Chinese, his logic would have been different.” This statement is cited to represent _________.A. The arbitrariness of languageB. Sapir-Whorf HypothesisC. The origin of languageD. Innate Hypothesis2. “Nasty weather, isn’t it?” What function does this sentence fulfill?A. Informative function.B. Interrogative function.C. Performative function.D. Phatic function.3. Which of the following is NOT a step in the procedure of error analysis?A. Recognition.B. Comparison.C. Description.D. Explanation.4. Which of the following tests seeks to predict the learner’s probable strengths and weaknesses in learning a second language?A. Achievement test.B. Proficiency test.C. Aptitude test.D. Diagnostic test.5. The classification of varieties of language into Dialects and Registers is based on ____.A. The user and use of the languageB. The function of the languageC. The goal of the languageD. The structure of language6. Who is regarded as “Father of the English Novel” ?A. Daniel DefoeB. Samuel RichardsonC. Jonathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding7. Which of the following writers is NOT a Nobel Prize winner for literature?A. William FaulknerB. Doris LessingC. V. S. NaipaulD. J. M. Coetzee8. _________ ’ writing has established her as one of the greatest contemporary writers of fiction in Canada, and she has received many important prizes, including the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature for her work as “master of the contemporary short story” and three-time winner of Canada’s Governor General’s Award for Fiction.A. Margaret AtwoodB. Marian EngelC. Alice MunroD. Doris Lessing9. Which of the following statements about literary genre is NOT true?A. Folktale, strictly defined, is a short narrative in prose of unknown authorship which has been transmitted orally.B. An epic is an extended narrative poem or a novel, which celebrates the feats of one or more legendary or traditional heroes.C. A picaresque novel generally refers to a basically realistic work of fiction focusing on a lower-class rogue-hero, who experiences a series of loose, episodic adventures.D. Gothic Novel is now generally applied to literature dealing with the strange, mysterious, and supernatural designed to invoke suspense and terror in the readers.10. Which one of the following sentences is NOT from Walden?A. Every morning was a cheerful invitation to make my life of equal simplicity, and I may say innocence, with Nature herself.B. I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essentials facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach.C. If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generation the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown!D. Morning is when I am awake and there is a dawn in me. Moral reform is the effort to throw off sleep.B. Directions: Candidates are FREE to choose any FIVE from the following TEN terms and explain them in plain English on the answer sheet. (10 points)1. predicate2. complementary distribution3. suprasegmental phonology4. broadening5. textual function6. sonnet7. Lake Poets8. ecological consciousness9. patriarchy10. Lost GenerationVI. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked[A],[B],[C]or[D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Be sure to write down your choice on the answer sheet.Passage AFor many years, parts of America’s space industry have complained that the rules governing the export of technology are too strict. Understandably, the government does not want militarily useful stuff to fall into the hands of its foes. But the result is a system that is too stric t in its definition of “militarily useful” and which favours lumbering dinosaurs such as Lockheed Martin and Boeing, which survive on fat government contracts, rather than nimble but small “furry mammals” that need every customer they can get, domestic or foreign.In December 2007 one of those mammals, a company called Bigelow Aerospace, filed the first legal challenge to America’s rules for exporting space technology. It disputed the government’s claim that foreign passengers travelling on a spaceship or space station were involved in a transfer of technology. The outcome suggests that there may be a chink in the armour of the export-controls regime.Improbable as it sounds, Bigelow Aerospace makes and launches inflatable space-station modules and hopes, one day, to build a commercial space station. Under the existing rules, any non-American passengers on its space stations would have to comply with onerous export controls. These take months to satisfy and could plausibly even culminate in government monitors being present while the foreigner was near American space technology. Even training on the ground in a mock-up module was deemed a transfer of technology and therefore required export controls.Yet, taking a passenger flight does not mean you can build an aeroplane, observes Mike Gold, head of Bigelow’s office in Washington, DC. His line of argument, it seems, has been accepted. Mr Gold says that the company received the ruling in February and that it has spent the past two months digesting it. He says that Bigelow has got “everything we could want”, though the ruling still precludes passengers from what he describes as the “bad-boy list of export control”—nationals from Sudan, Iran, North Korea and China will not be allowed to fly or train on suborbital p assenger flights, or visit Bigelow’s space station.Other private space companies have welcomed the ruling. Marc Holzapfel, legal counsel for Virgin Galactic, describes it as a “major development” because it frees the industry from having to go through the “complicated, expensive and dilatory export-approval process”. Tim Hughes, chief counsel of SpaceX, says the approval is exciting, because it seems to represent a “common-sense approach” and bodes well for similar requests made by companies such as his own to carry foreign astronauts hoping to work on missions to the International Space Station.The result also means something to the entire export-control regime, known as the International Traffic inArms Regulations (ITAR). Robert Dickman, executive director of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, says the decision appears to convey a new willingness to “move away from the very restrictive approach that has been in place for almost a decade”. His organisation is hosting a forum later thi s month involving the private spaceflight industry and senior government officials to discuss the regulations.During the American presidential campaign, Barack Obama said that, if elected, he would review ITAR, focusing on space hardware. George Nield, associate administrator for commercial space transportation within the Federal Aviation Authority, says although he has not seen the new ruling, it was good news that the government “may now be willing to revise some of its export-control restrictions to enable American firms to be more competitive in their efforts to sell aerospace products and services globally”.1. What does “furry mammals” in the first paragraph probably refer to?A. giants in space industryB. small and Medium Enterprises in space industryC. a representative cross-section of the furry fandomD. smaller-sized, warm-blooded animals with hair2. The word “onerous” in the third paragraph of the passage is closest in meaning to___.A. complicatedB. irreplaceableC. inevitableD. stackable3. According to the passage, what seems the most possible reason for export controls?A. ideological tacticB. safety of the countryC. protection of technologyD. economic benefits4. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Bigelow has fulfilled its objective.B. Other private space companies have welcomed the ruling because it simplified the export-approvalprocess.C. The new decision means something to the private spaceflight industry.D. George Nield stands in the middle when talking about the ruling.5. What is the best title for this passage?A. Freedom to fly.B. America’s space industry.C. Export-controls of space technology.D. Furry mammals need to survive.Passage BYou may have heard the legend of the pilot who bid passengers farewell after landing with these words: “The safest part of your trip is now over.” That isn’t just one pilot’s boast, it’s a truth most air travelers take for granted. Safety is an accumulation of knowledge about risk converted into practice, and no other mode of transportation has been as expansive as flying in incorporating what we know about the fallibility of humans and machines. As a result, the act of hurtling through the air at 500 mph six miles above the ground is less likely to result in your demise than almost any other type of travel. From the plane seats to the cabin air to the course and altitude of the flight, every decision in commercial aviation comes after careful consideration of its impact on safety.Airplane design is important to its saf ety. In the past 50 years, the world’s commercial airliners have racked up nearly one billion flight hours, providing an industry meticulous about recordkeeping with a steady stream of information that is used to constantly improve the design of airplanes and engines. And all this information gives engineers a truer understanding of the machine’s limits. Besides, manufacturers now know what happens in the real world, which prompts refinements that may make a genuine difference in safety instead of only in design.An equal amount of attention is also paid to the area where you sit. Capacious or cramped, first-class or economy, all airplane seats meet tough standards for durability and head-impact protection. The modern airliner seat can withstand 16 times the force of gravity. And seat protection doesn’t stop there. The fabrics and cushions are fire retardant and self-extinguishing, and they will not emit toxic smoke. Even the items you find in the seat back are tested to make sure they can’t become lethal. Th e insulation in the cabin walls is fire retardant, and, in the case of a fire, emergency lighting is close to the floor. This makes it easier to locate the exits in a smoke-filled cabin.Technology is no substitute for experience, skill and judgment. Airlines know the importance of good pilots and good training, which is why so much effort goes into selection and schooling. And what they need most is a personality that ensures good communication skills, that ensures leadership potential, the ability to work as part of a team and low risk-taking. For example, U.S. carriers expect pilots to have accrued hundreds of hours on their own nickel before applying to become commercial pilots.The pilots and the airplanes may be the stars of the show in commercial aviation, but behind the scenes, a new, almost Star Wars-like air traffic system is being built where airplanes guided by GPS will fly self-programmed routes, communicating with each other and with the ground. This is very different from the days when maps, blackboards and pencil and paper calculations were used to direct airplanes. Many planes today can operate in a geographic window so exact that their horizontal position remains within a wingspan, with vertical deviation less than the height of the tail. The linking of onboard and on-the-ground systems creates highways in the sky where nobody veers out of their lanes. Today, with more improvement on airplanes, your airplane ride may be the safety of your day.6. According to the passage, what does the author mean by saying “The safest part of your trip is now over”?A. It is just one pilot’s boast.B. It is often said by a pilot to bid farewell to passengers after landing.C. Airplane ride is taken as a safer transportation by most air travelers.D. Most air travelers take it for granted that airplane ride is the safest transportation.7. In terms of the factors that guarantee the safety of the plane, which one is NOT mentioned ____.A. airplane designB. pilots with good experience, skill and judgmentC. the airliner seats with protection effectD. improvements on airport property8. According to the passage, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Airplanes are more expansive than other mode of transportation in incorporating the fallibility ofhumans and machines.B. More flight hours can help engineers improve the design of airplanes and engines.C. Only some airplane seats meet tough standards for durability and head-impact protection.D. A amount of attention should be paid to selecting a certain kind of pilot for airliners.9. The last sentence in Paragraph 4 implies that ___.A. To apply to become commercial pilots, pilots have spent much in accumulating much experience andobtain some abilities at their own expense.B. To apply to become commercial pilots, pilots have to spend much money in obtaining some mostfundamental flight and landing skills.C. Commercial pilots seem to be the most demanding ones among all different kinds of pilots.D. Even hundreds of hours on his own nickel are insufficient for a pilot to be a qualified commercial pilot.10. What is the best title for this passage?A. Why Are Airplanes Safe?B. What Are Needed to be a Good Pilot?C. Factors to be a Safe Traveler.D. Road to Become a Pilot.Passage CThe subatomic particle is better known to scientists as the Higgs boson. And after decades of searches, it seems likely the elusive particle has been successfully detected inside an underground tunnel experiment run by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) outside Geneva. Results “consistent” with the hard-to-detect particle, in the words of CERN chief Rolf Heuer as he announced the discovery July 4, may be the opening act in explaining the structure of the sky over our heads.A source of heartburn t o serious science types now, the “God particle” nickname for the Higgs boson comes from the title of a 1993 book by Nobel-prize winner Leon Lederman, who was trying to play up the elusive nature of the particle.For a glimpse of one implication of this latest big news in science, climb aboard a time machine, saysphysicist Jonathan Feng of the University of California-Irvine, and visit the birth of the universe 13.7 billion years ago.“Simply take the universe backwards, to an early time when the cosm os was a hot mass, brand new, filled with particles that each weighed perhaps 500 times as much as a proton,” says Feng (protons are positively charged subatomic particles inside atoms). “Now play the film forward. Just let it go until it expands to fill w ith today’s stars and galaxies, and what you find is that it contains amounts of that particle that are just right to be ‘dark matter’ filling the universe.”Terrific, you might say, but what’s so wonderful about dark matter?Dark matter is basically a b unch of stuff, likely exotic physics particles, that we can’t really see (hence its name) but we know is out there. Astronomers realized a few decades ago that galaxies should be spinning faster than they are if the stars within them were the only things providing the gravity that holds them together. So, their theories go, there must be something - dark matter - slowing them down.It turns out that stars are just the shiny hubcaps on each galaxy, outweighed by a factor of nearly 6-to-1 by all the dark matter out there. Dark matter even pulls itself together through gravity. For example, the journal Nature last week reported that a dark matter cloud gravitationally connects two clusters of galaxies, called Abell 222 and Abell 223. This cloudy filament stretches over 11 million light years between the clusters and weighs 98 trillion times as much as our sun.That’s a lot of dark matter. So is the Higgs boson this elusive dark matter particle (or particles) then?Nope. But it may be a key to dark matter, physicists say.The Higgs boson is the physics particle that gives other particles their mass. Essentially it interacts with them to increase their resistance to being moved faster, which we can measure as mass.Because the Higgs boson’s basic job is to interact with other physics particles to give them mass, “the Higgs boson can interact with dark matter very easily,” Caltech’s Sean Carroll explained on NPR’s Science Friday show after the recent “God particle” announcement. “Dark matter is one of the most excit ing implications of this discovery,” Carroll said.How? That brings us back to Feng’s rerun of the universe. “Having a particle out there theoretically just a little heavier than the Higgs boson, which interacts with it, is waving a red cape in front of the eyes of physicists,” Feng says. “There is a lot more data coming from CERN ahead that may reveal the dark matter particle.”Dark matter particles that theoretically could be detected at CERN’s underground Large Hadron Collider are envisioned by a theory called “focus point supersymmetry.” Supersymmetry theories predict that the already-discovered particles that comprise everyday matter have much-heavier “super” counterparts awaiting detection (for example, the already detected “quarks” inside protons woul d have an undetected super-partner called “squarks”). Focus point supersymmetry predicts both a Higgs boson with a weight similar to the one reported on July 4, about 130 times as heavy as a proton, and dark matter particles.“In fact, the simplest focus p oint models predict that dark matter particles should be seen not long from now in the underground detectors that are searching for them,” if the CERN lab indeed found a Higgs boson,。
2017年南京航空航天大学357研究生入学考试真题
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:357满分:150 分科目名称:英语翻译基础注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!Part I. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from English into Chinese. One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ X 15 =15’)1. aerial refueling2. UAV3. debt risks4. community-level democracy5. telecom fraud6. satellite launch center7. pension insurance 8. crewed spaceship9. heavy-lift carrier rocket 10. maximum payload capacity11. overcapacity 12. downpayment13. asteroid 14. hypersonic aircraft15. aerodynamicsPart II. Translate the following terms, acronyms and proper names from Chinese into English. One point for each and the total for this part is 15 points. (1’ X 15 =15’)1. 载人空间站2. 首飞3. 资产泡沫4. 增值税5. 探月工程6. 短期贷款7. 知识产权8. 机场跑道9. 旅行社10. 国有资本11. 飞行器设计12. 非政府组织13. 全球定位系统14. 社会主义核心价值体系15. 小康社会Part III. Translate the following passages from English into Chinese. Each passage accounts for 30 points and the total for this part is 60 points (30’ ×2 = 60’).Passage 1In the Western imagination, Ch ina’s history has been inextricably linked to the notion of “empire”. But in fact, more than a millennium of Chinese history passed before anything resembling an empire ever existed. For centuries, seven separate states battled for military supremacy, until in 221 b.c. the Qin dynasty defeated the last of its rivals and unified the country. Military conquest is only part of the imperial story, however. China owes its ability to endure across time, and to re-form itself again and again after periods of disunity, to a fundamental reshaping of Chinese culture by the earliest dynasties, the Qin and the Han.Passage 2The winding course of the stream continually shut out the scene behind us and revealed as calm and lovely a one before. We glided from depth to depth, and breathed new seclusion at every turn. The shy kingfisher flew from the withered branch close at hand to another at distance, uttering a shrill cry of anger or alarm. Ducks that had been floating there since the preceding eve were startled at our approach and skimmed along the glassy river, breaking its dark surface with a bright streak. The pickerel leaped from among the lily pads. The turtle, sunning itself upon a rock or at the root of a tree, slid suddenly into the water with a plunge. The painted Indian who paddled his canoe along the Assabeth three hundred years ago could hardly have seen a wilder gentleness displayed upon its banks and reflected in its bosom than we did. Nor could the same Indian have prepared his noontide meal with more simplicity. We drew up our skiff at some point where the overarching shade formed a natural bower, and there kindled a fire with the pine cones and decayed branches that lay strewn plentifully around.Part IV. Translate the following passages from Chinese into English. Each passage accounts for 30 points and the total for this part is 60 points (30’ ×2 = 60’).Passage 1中印作为战略合作伙伴,达成了许多战略共识,增强了战略互信。
2017年南京航空航天大学820研究生入学考试真题
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南京航空航天大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A 卷)科目代码: 820科目名称:自动控制原理满分: 150分注意: ①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!本试卷共10大题,满分150分一、(本题15分) 试确定图1所示系统的输出)(s C 。
图1二、(本题15分) 系统结构图如图2所示,已知未加测速反馈时,系统在单位阶跃信号作用下的稳态输出为1,而过渡过程的瞬时最大值为1.4,要求:1. 确定系统结构参数K 、a ,并计算单位阶跃响应下的峰值时间p t 、调节时间s t 、超调量%σ;2. 为了改善系统性能,引入测速反馈bs ,若0.82b =,再计算超调量%σ;3. 在该测速反馈情况下,若此时系统的输入为()2 1.38sin r t t =+,计算稳态输出ss c 。
()R s ()C s K1()(0.56)s a s ++bs−−图21G2G 2H 1H)(s R)(s C )(1s N )(2s N )(3s N三、(本题15分) 已知单位负反馈系统的开环传递函数为)1)(1()(++=s Ts s Ks G ,其中0>K 、0>T 。
试确定使闭环系统稳定时,参数K 、T 应满足的关系;并计算在输入)(1)(t t t r ⋅=作用下系统的稳态误差。
四、(本题15分) 已知某系统结构图如图3所示,其中K 、T 均大于0。
在输入)(t r 作用下,具有如图4所示的输出)(t c 曲线。
0.15r(t)c(t)tc(t)01图3 图4 试求:1. 此时的K 值;2. 试绘制T 从∞→0变化的闭环系统根轨迹;3. 系统在临界阻尼时的T 值。
五、(本题15分) 某单位负反馈系统为最小相角系统,其开环频率特性如图5所示,其中B(j 3,3−−)点对应的频率为23=ω, 1. 求系统的开环传递函数; 2. 若增加校正装置bs a s K s G c ++=)()(以使系统的相角裕度达到45°且在斜坡输入时的稳态误差降低为原来的0.5倍,并要求系统型别和阶数不变,确定参数a 、b (0,0>>b a );并概略绘制出此时的开环Bode 图。
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南京航空航天大学
2018年硕士研究生入学考试初试试题(A卷)科目代码:840
满分:150分
科目名称:部门法学
注意:①认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项;②所有答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无效;③本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!
民法试题(75分)
一、名词解释题(每题4分,共20分)
1.营利法人
2.利益衡量
3.民事法律事实
4.共同抵押权
5.信用权
二、简答题(每题15分,共30分)
1.结合《民法总则》的规定,简述营利法人与非营利法人之间的关系。
2.简述抵押权的属性。
三、论述题(共25分)
请论述民事留置权与商事留置权的区别。
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经济法试题(75分)
一、名词解释题(每小题4分,共20分)
1.相关市场
2.消费者反悔权
3.产品缺陷
4.税收代位权
5.政府指导价
二、简答题(每小题15分,共30分)
1.请简析财政关系的具体内容。
2.请简析不正当竞争行为损害赔偿数额的确定方法。
三、论述题(共25分)
请论述经济法基本原则的构成,并分析其在新时代经济建设中的适用。
科目代码:840科目名称:部门法学第1页共1页。