2018年山东省济南市高考英语一模试卷-教师用卷

2018年山东省济南市高考英语一模试卷副标题一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ALima，the capital of Peru （秘鲁），has countless museums that tourists can't afford to miss．Now start packing up and prepare for your perfect Peruvian history exploration at these wonderful museums．◆ Larco MuseumStepping inside，visitors get to learn the 5000-year history of Peru through an unbelievable collection of objects．The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely．◆ Gold Museum of PeruIf you like shiny objects or precious metals，then plan a trip to Gold Museum of Peru，I ancient times，the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage．◆ Lima Art MuseumArt experts are much pleased as the city is also home to Lima Art Museum．Its permanent exhibit of over 1，200 pieces is merely a small part of its amazing collection more than 17，000 artifacts．The highlight of the museum is its collection of Carlos Baca-Flor masterpieces，which is considered to be the most complete set in the world．◆ Museum of Italian ArtThe only museum dedicated to European art in Peru，Museum of Italian Art is a storehouse of classical and contemporary paintings and sculptures belonging to the 20th century．The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum．◆ Museum of Natural HistoryLast but certainly not the least is the Museum of Natural History．Giving a glimpse into the rich biodiversity in Peru，the museum has on display the skeletons of a sperm whale and fossils of several mammals．1.In which museum can visitors enter the Storeroom？______A. Larco Museum．B. Gold Museum of Peru．C. Lima Art Museum．D. Museum of Natural History．2.What makes Gold Museum of Peru different from other museums？______A. Its exhibit of diversities of animals．B. Its large collection of objects．C. Its classical paintings and sculptures．D. Its display of Peruvian skills with metals．3.Which museum is the closest to Lima Art Museum？______A. Museum of Natural History．B. Museum of Italian Art．C. Larco Museum．D. Gold Museum of Peru．【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B【解析】21．A．细节理解题．根据 The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely．可知，Larco博物馆可以让游客进入储藏室．故选A．22．D．细节理解题．根据 the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage可知，秘鲁黄金博物馆展示的秘鲁金属技能使得它与其他博物馆不同．故选D．23．B．推理判断题．根据 The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum．可以推测出，意大利艺术博物馆距离利马美术馆最近．故选B．本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，秘鲁首都利马拥有无数博物馆，游客不能错过．现在开始收拾行囊，并准备在这些美妙的博物馆为您完美的秘鲁历史探索．做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．BIt's OK to say you've never heard of grime-unless you're from the UK．That's because this music was invented in the UK in the early 2000s．To someone who's not familiar with underground music culture，it's easy to get confused between hip-hop and grime since they are both noisy．And many people didn't bother to tell them apart，until earlier this month when grime stars like Stormzy an J Hus led this year's Mobo- "music of black origin"-award nominations （提名）in the UK．Just like UK electronic music and hip-hop，from which grime drew influence，it mostly reflects the thoughts of young people．But different from hip-hop，grime singers sing in dialects with strong accents，giving a special flavor to their songs．Lady Leshurr，known as the "Grime Queen5% said that she once tried to hide her accent，as she didn't want people to judge her．But one day，she realized that she didn't need to change herself just to please others．And there's no doubt that this is the most basic and important quality of grime music：be yourself．Also different from the hip-hop culture，which usually focuses on being rich，grime singers pay more attention to social phenomena like the European refugee problem and the gap between the rich and poor．Although still quite young，grime seems to be getting favored by more and more people．In 2016，the English grime artist Skepta won the Mercury Prize with his album Konnichiwa，beating big names like David Bowie and Radiohead．However，no matter whether grime is one day accepted by the mainstream music world or not，one thing is for sure：in grime，singers always stay true to themselves．4.What do hip-hop and grime music have in common？______A. They are originated in the UK．B. They make a lot of loud noise．C. They challenge traditional cultures．D. They are full of creative ideas．5.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to？______A. Electronic music．B. Hip-hop．C. Grime music．D. Black music．6.What can be learned about grime singers？______A. They care too much about themselves．B. They refuse to be judged by others．C. They tend to take social responsibility．D. They show strong independence qualities．7.What does Skepta's success suggest？______A. Grime is gradually getting recognized．B. Singers should try to be themselves．C. Grime has become mainstream music．D. It is easy to win the Mercury Prize．【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】28．B．细节理解题．根据文章To someone who's not familiar with underground music culture， it's easy to get confused be tween hip-hop and grime since they are both noisy可知嘻哈音乐和grime音乐的共同之处是它们发出很大的噪音；故选B．29．C．细节理解题．根据文章Just like UK electronic music and hip-hop， from which grime drew influence，it mostly r eflects the thoughts of young people可知就像英国的电子音乐和嘻哈音乐一样，污垢产生了影响，它主要反映了年轻人的思想；意为grime音乐；故选C．30．C．细节理解题．根据文章grime singers pay more attention to social phenomena like the European refugee problem and the gap between the rich and poor可知grime歌手他们倾向于承担社会责任；故选C．31．A．细节理解题．根据文章However， no matter whether grime is one day accepted by the mainstream music world or n ot， one thing is for sure： in grime， singers always stay true to themselves可知斯凯帕的成功意味着grime正逐渐得到认可；故选A．本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了来自英国的一种grime音乐的有关信息．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．CChildren of all ages gathered in New York City recently for the International Toy pair．Hidden among already popular toys were new，high-tech educational products．Toymakers are working to create these products for improving a child's emotional intelligence．Companies showed off their products last week at New York's Jacob Javitz Convention Center．PleIQ is a set of plastic toy blocks．It uses visual reality technology to teach words，numbers and other things，Edison Durán directs the company that makes PleIQ．She showed people at the toy fair how virtual images appear on the blocks when they are held in front of a tablet camera，PleIQ has children act as teacher or guide to a companion character．On the other side of the convention center，Karen Hu from another company demonstrated an educational robot called Woobo．The robot comes programmed with educational games andactivities．Children use its touch screen face to get them started．Hu described how the robot can help a child who has autism （自闭症）．"The child can communicate with Woobo and follow some of the instructions Woobo is giving because he thinks of this as a companion instead of a parent or someone else telling him to certain things．"At the EQtainment stand，sales director Jonathan Erickson explained the company's toys．"The purpose of all of our products is to develop emotional and social intelligence•" he said Erickson showed off a board game called "Q's Race to the Top"．He said the game got his 4-year-old daughter to open up．"The biggest thing is her talking．And that's the key of all this-getting her feelings expressed out．Like，‘ Hey，what does it feel like to be sad？Or how does it feel like to be happy？'"It remains to be seen whether a game or toy can improve emotional intelligence．But toymakers are doing what they can to help parents in their efforts to raise well-rounded children．8.How does PleIQ instruct children to learn？______A. By playing the role of a companion．B. By giving direct guidance．C. By taking photos with a camera．D. By presenting visual images．9.What can be inferred about Woobo from Paragraph 4？______A. It is programmed to replace teachers．B. It may be good company for kids．C. It can get started automatically．D. It is intended to design games．10.What does Jonathan Erickson think of his toys？______A. They are quite easy to operate．B. They can teach children numbers．C. They help kids express themselves well．D. They can show their emotions clearly．11.What is the best title of the text？______A. Toys help to build emotional intelligenceB. Educational toys sell well in the Toy FairC. Toymakers are making profits in educationD. Children celebrate the International Toy Fair【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】32．D．细节理解题．根据文章内容PleIQ is a set of plastic toy blocks． It uses visual reality technology to teach words， numbe rs and other things可知PleIQ是一套塑料积木玩具，它采用虚拟现实技术教单词，数字和其他的东西，故答案为D．33．B．推理判断题．根据The child can communicate with Woobo and follow some of the instructions Woobo is giving because he thinks of this as a companion instead of a parent or someone else telling him to ce rtain things可知Woobo 可以充当孩子们的玩伴，让他们在游戏中学到知识，故答案为B．34．C．推理判断题．根据Jonathan Erickson说到"The biggest thing is her talking． And that's the key of all this-getting her feelings expressed out"可以推断这些玩具的目的是帮助孩子更好地表达自己的情感，故答案为C．35．A．主旨大意题．根据文章第一段Toymakers are working to create these products for improving a child's emotional intelligence可知本文介绍的是玩具制造商正在为提高孩子的情绪智力努力创造一些玩具，所以文章标题Toys help to build emotional intelligence玩具有助于建立情绪智力为最佳，故答案为A．本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍的是玩具制造商正在为提高孩子的情绪智力努力创造一些玩具，这些玩具可以寓教于乐，让孩子们在玩耍中学到知识，并可以提高孩子的情感表达能力．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．DAt 1，345 meters above sea level，Ben Nevis is definitely not the world's most difficult mountain to climb．But things get considerably tricky if instead of hiking shoes you put on a pair of 5-inch high heels，especially if you're a guy．One English teenager recently proved that it was not impossible．Ben Conway，a 19-yea-old art student fro，London，recently took up the challenge as a way to stand out in an application for a scholarship for the School of Communication Arts in Brixton．He started his unusual high-heel climb at 8a．m．，on June 27，and was joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen，a friend from his art foundation year，who videotaped the whole thing for a two-minute video that served as his application project．The whole climb took five hours and wasn't the smoothest experience．Halfway up Ben Navis，one of his shoes broke，so he had to tape the shoes to his feet to make sure they stayed on．The weather didn't make it easy for himeither，as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time，and he had to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds．Due to these difficult conditions，Ben and his friend had to turn back after reaching 900 meters up the mountain．Apart from providing a unique art school application project，the high-heel climb also allowed the 19-year-old to raise some money for worthy causes，like Sal's Shoes，which provides footwear for barefoot children around the world．"Raising money for charity brings happiness to people's lives and if I can do something ridiculous and bring someone happiness，then that's what it's all about．" Ben said．12.What can replace the underlined word "tricky" in Paragraph 1？______A. PleasantB. Boring．C. Tough．D. Smooth．13.Why did Allen videotape the high-heel climb for Ben？______A. To prove nothing is impossible．B. To record a special experience．C. To promote their friendship．D. To assist in Ben's application．14.What does Paragraph 3focus on？______A. The difficulties in the climb．B. The climbing route．C. The terrible weather．D. The unexpected incident．15.What can best describe Ben's story？______A. Puzzling．B. Inspiring．C. Exciting．D. Frightening．【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】B【解析】24-27 CDAB24．C．词义猜测题．根据But things get considerably tricky if instead of hiking shoes you put on a pair of 5-inch high heels， especially if you're a guy可知但是，如果不是穿登山鞋而是一双5英寸的高跟鞋，特别是你是一个男人，爬山的事情变得相当棘手，由此可以得知tricky的意思为"棘手的，困难的"，与tough同义，故答案为C．25．D．细节理解题．根据He started his unusual high-heel climb at 8a． m．， on June 27， and was joined by Callu m MacKenzie Allen， a friend from his art foundation year， who videotaped the whole thin g for a two-minute video that served as his application project可知他的朋友拍摄视频目的是为了他的申请奖学金而准备的，故答案为D．26．A．段落大意题．根据本段内容及The whole climb took five hours and wasn't the smoothest experience可知本段主要说的是在爬山过程中所遇到的困难，故答案为A．27．B．推理判断题．根据Apart from providing a unique art school application project， the high-heel climb also allow ed the 19-year-old to raise some money for worthy causes， like Sal's Shoes， which provide s footwear for barefoot children around the world可知Ben Conway不仅仅为了申请奖学金而准备材料，还有为贫困孩子筹集资金，由此可以判断他的故事是令人鼓舞，激励人心的每股答案为B．本文讲述的是Ben Conway为了申请奖学金而准备材料和为贫困孩子筹集资金，作为一名男生穿着5英寸的高跟鞋攀爬1345米高的山峰，期间遇到了很多困难，他的故事令人鼓舞．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Smartphones store a lot of personal data．These devices know our names，the names of our friends，our addresses and where we are right now．（36）______ A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast，for example．Many smartphone apps don't cost anything to download and use．But don't be fooled．There's still a price．（37）______ Those same apps may often send data on to advertisers as well．Those advertisers will pay well to know how people behave and live．Once your data leave a device，you can't get them back．And that data theft may not be harmless．However，those data may tell when someone leaves home and when they get back．（38）______ Social media sites often have access to a user's images and posts．Recently a new online tool has been developed to．track the misuse of private data．（39）______ It tells people when their apps are sending data，which can help spot misuse．SPEProxy identifies the misuse of data using an approach that has already been used to diagnose illness．In the clinical field，a medical software is used to collect data from a patient Then it compares them to those typical of many possible illnesses to make a diagnosis．Right now，people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website．（40）______ It's also a bit awkward to use．People may not want to go to the trouble of getting online to track their data A more convenient version that people could install on their phones is in urgentneed．A．It is called SPEProxy．B．That means it's limited．C．It is more than convenient to use in computers．D．Your privacy is what's paying for it．E．Some apps use those data to do their job．F．Some apps may charge you much money to operate．G．They can show how and where people spend their days．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G【答案】【小题1】E 【小题2】D 【小题3】G 【小题4】A 【小题5】B【解析】36-40 EDGAB36．E．考查上下文推理能力．根据下文．A weather app needs to know where a person is to report the local forecast， for example 天气应用程序报告当地的天气预报需要知道一个人在哪里，这与E． Some apps use those data to do their job一些应用程序使用这些数据来完成他们的工作，意思相符，故答案为E．37．D．考查上下文推理能力．根据前文There's still a price仍然是有价格的，这与D． Your privacy is what's paying for it你的隐私是支付它的费用，故答案为D．38．G．考查上下文推理能力．根据前文 However， those data may tell when someone leaves home and when they get back然而，这些数据可以告诉人们何时离开家，何时回来，这与G． They can show how and where people spend their days他们可以展示人们如何以及在哪里度过他们的日子，意思相符，故答案为G．39．A．考查上下文推理能力．根据前文Recently a new online tool has been developed to track the misuse of private data最近，开发了一种新的在线工具来跟踪私人数据的滥用，这与A． It is called SPEProxy它被称为speproxy，意思相符，故答案为A．40．B．考查上下文推理能力．根据前文Right now， people can only track data with the new tool by going to a website现在，人们只能通过一个网站利用新工具来跟踪数据，这与B． That means it's limited这意味着它是有限的，意思相符，故答案为B．本文是关于智能手机的应用问题，大量智能APP的使用会导致个人信息的泄露，对于个人的隐私及安全带来很大的隐患，尽管有新的工具来防范这一风险，但其功能还是非常有限．七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子．三、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）21.It's almost a common belief that the best food you can find in a place is not in the fancyrestaurants，（61）______ in the backstreets．These spots are usually away from popular tourist attractions，which means that to find them you'll need the spirit of an explorer．That's （62）______ I came across roujiamo when I was exploring Beijing．I found （63）______ restaurant that sold dishes from Xi'an when I explored the area around （64）______ （I）office one day．I decided to try it out．My roujiamo （65）______ （make）fresh，so the bread was still warm．It was soft when I bit into it，and the meat inside was delicious and tender．In fact，I enjoyed it so much that I ordered more to take home with me．Though it's just a snack，it's Still quite filling and can （66）______ （easy）satisfy your appetite．There are a （67）______ （various）of things you can put inside the "mo"，as the bread is called．For example，in certain areas in Xi'an，the meat （68）______ （use）is usually beef，but in Gansu Province，lamb is more common．And the first roujiamo that I tried was made （69）______ pork．However it's made，it's still a tasty snack And for an American like me who grew up （70）______ （eat）hamburgers，it's a perfect combination of East and West．【答案】【小题1】but【小题2】how【小题3】a【小题4】my【小题5】was made【小题6】easily【小题7】variety【小题8】used【小题9】with【小题10】eating【解析】61．but．考查连词．句意：要想吃到当地美味，高级饭店里可没有，要到偏僻的小摊档里去找．两句之间应该是转折关系，所以用but来引导．62．how．考查名词性从句．句意：这就是我如何在北京遇到肉夹馍的．本句是表语从句，句中缺少状语，根据句意用how引导．63．a．考查冠词．此处指找到了一家餐馆，是泛指，所以用a．64．my．考查代词．根据句意是在我的办公室的周边，所以用my．65．was made．考查被动．肉夹馍与动词make之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态．66．easily．考查副词．句意：虽然它只是一个小吃，它仍然相当充盈，可以很容易满足你的胃口．此处用副词easily修饰动词satisfy．67．variety．考查固定短语．a variety of是固定短语"各种各样的"．68．used．考查非谓语．used与meat之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语．"用的肉"．69．with．句意：我吃的第一个肉夹馍是用猪肉做的，be made with是 be made with sth 指"制作中用了什么东西"．70．eating．考查非谓语．本句中eat与who之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词在句中做伴随状语．要想吃到当地美味，高级饭店里可没有，要到偏僻的小摊档里去找．我就是和美国同事一起探索北京的时候，发现肉夹馍这一美味的．语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．四、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）22.假如你是李华，你将负责接待来自美国友好学校的师生．请你用英语写一篇欢迎词，内容包括：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍活动安排；3．表达相互交流的愿望．注意：1．词数：100词左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．______【答案】Dear American Guest，On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you．We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities．As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today．The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking．The programme consists of the following activities：recitation，singing，word spelling，story telling and so on．The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre．Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities．I hope we students will benefit from your presence．I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us．Thank you．【解析】Dear American Guest，On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you．（高分句型一）We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities．（表示欢迎）As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today．The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking．The programme consists of the following activities：recitation，singing，word spelling，story telling and so on．The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Centre．Dear guests，you are welcome to take part in some activities．（活动安排）I hope we students will benefit from your presence and communicate more with each other．（高分句型二）（相互交流的愿望）I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us．Thank you．本文是篇材料作文，材料非常简单，学生很容易把握写作要求和写作目的．考生在写作之前必修认真审题，首先要注意文章的时态，要求是对美国代表团的欢迎词，所以要用一般现在时．考生成文时应注意：1．结构上：采用三段成文，第一段欢迎美国朋友的到来；第二段介绍英语周的活动；第三段表达愿望：希望获准．2．时态：以一般现在时为主；3．人称：第一人称；4．注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅．5．适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次．【亮点说明】文中使用了非常好的短语和句子为文章增色不少，比如on behalf of，As scheduled，consist of，benefit from等等；还运用了不定式to have作状语，to develop 作表语等，动名词listening等作宾语，hope后宾语从句等等．On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you．（高分句型一）句中On behalf of 为固定搭配，意为"代表……"我代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎．I hope we students will benefit from your presence and communicate more with each other．（高分句型二）句中benefit from为固定搭配，意为"从……中获益"希望我们的学生能从你们的存在中受益，并多多互相交流．英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧．。