7—18学年下学期高二期末考试英语试题(附答案) (1)

兰州一中2017-2018-2学期高二年级期末英语试卷说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWe’re a nation— a globe, in fact — obsessed with our hair. Analysts estimate the global hair product industry to be worth €22.6 billion, growing at a rate of up to seven percent a year.There seems to be no limit on what we’ll spend to avoid a bad hair day. But for devotees of an underground beauty movement, the secret lies in throwing away the shampoo, in fact all the hair products, for good.The “no—poo”method, which involves using natural substitutes or just water in place of shampoo and conditioner, is supported by several circles.Beauty insiders, including writers for women’s magazines and professional hairdressers, speak highly of how hair becomes thicker, fuller, softer and brighter.And environmentalists who are mindful of money feel great joy at the lack of chemicals in and on their bodies—not to mention the impact on their budgets.Now one devotee is hoping to take it mainstream. Lucy Aitken Read, whose book Happy Hair: The definitive guide to giving up shampoo was released last week, hasn’t used shampoo for two years and her glowing brown hair is visibly in perfect condition.For her, the motivation came after reading a study that claimed women put 515 chemicals on their bodies daily. “I initially thought ‘Ha! They didn’t research me!’,” Aitken Read says. “Then I looked at the back of my shampoo bottle and realized there were loads of chemical components I didn’t recognize in the slightest.”Strangely it’s oily hair that could benefit the most from giving up shampoo. The theory behind the “no—poo” method is that shampoo removes the hair from its natural oils, which causes the scalp (头皮) to generate more oils to replace them. This results in oil overload —oilyhair—which we then attempt to “fix” with more shampoo. It’s a vicious (恶性的) circle and quite a brilliant success for the shampoo industry, because the more shampoo you use, the more you need to use and the more frequently you need to use it.Left to its own devices or washed with natural substitutes, the scalp eventually theoretically returns to its natural balance. The result should be healthier hair that is stronger, thicker and fuller as it is less damaged than shampooed hair.1.What can we know from the first paragraph?A.More and more people produce hair products.B.More and more people waste money on their hair.C.More and more hair products are wasted every year.D.More and more hair products are produced every year.2.According to Para 5, environmentalists are in favor of “no—poo” method because _______.A.it has the same chemicals as shampoo doesB.it helps reduce their budgets on daily expenses in a wayC.natural substitutes are friendly to the environmentD.they know shampoo has an impact on their health3.What can we learn from Lucy’s words?A.She didn’t realize shampoo contains so many harmful chemicals.B.She didn’t realize shampoo contains all the necessary chemicals.C.She couldn’t recognize the description on the shampoo bottle.D.She didn’t recognize she was quite different from other women.4.What is the main trouble with shampoo?A.It adds more oils to the hair.B.It prevents the scalp producing oils.C. It badly impacts the shampoo industry.D. It makes people addicted to using it more often.BAlong with its neighbors, Sweden features near the top of most sex-equality rankings. The World Economic Forum rates it as having one of the narrowest sex gaps in the world. Sweden is not only a good place for a woman, but it appears to be one for new dads. Close to ninety percentof Swedish fathers take paternity leave (陪产假). Last year some 340,000 dads took a total of 12 million day s’ leave, that is, approximately seven weeks each. Women take even more leave days to spend time with their children, but the gap is shrinking. Why do Swedish dads take so much time off work to raise their children?Forty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to introduce a paid parental-leave allowance. Benefits consisted of ninety percent of wages for 180 days per child, and parents were free to share the days between them in whatever way they pleased. But the policy was hardly a hit with dads: in the policy’s first year men took only 0.5% of all paid parental leave.Today they take a quarter of it. One reason is that the policy has become more generous, with the number of paid leave days for the first child increasing from 180 to 480. In 1995 the first so-called “daddy month” was introduced. Under this reform, families in which each parent took at least one month of leave received an additional month to add to their total allowance. The policy was expanded in 2002 so that if the mother and father each took at least two months’ leave, the family would get two extra months. Some politicians now want to go further, advocating that the present system of shared leave be turned into one of personal rights, under which mothers should be allowed to take only half of the family’s allowance, with the rest reserved for fathers.Since Swedish men started to take more responsibility for child upbringing, women have seen both their incomes and levels of self-reported happiness increase. Paying dads to change nappies(尿布) and hang out at playgrounds seems to benefit the whole family.5. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Swedish Sex EqualityB. Swedish Father s’ Paternity LeaveC. Swedish New Dad PolicyD. Swedish New Fathers’ Family Role6. Why does Sweden appear a good place for new dads?A. Sweden has the smallest global sex gap.B. They feed their children instead of mothers.C. Most of them are provided with paternity leave.D. Swedish fathers take more leave days than mothers.7. How has the policy changed over time?A. Fathers can have longer paternity leave.B. Paternity leave decreases fathers’ incomes.C. Fathers take more responsibility than mothers.D. Leave days are divided equally between parents.CThe following simple exercise routine works as well as prescription medication(处方药) without side effects.A jog a day could keep your headaches at bay; regular cardio workouts(有氧锻炼) may prevent migraines(偏头痛), a growing body of research suggests.Migraine patients had fewer headaches after doing 40-minute cycling workouts three times a week for three months, according to a Swedish study.The exercise routine worked just as well as one of the top migraine-preventing drugs—topamirate, but without side effects of depression and tremors(颤抖).“Cardio workouts can help with regular headaches, too,”says Alexander Mauskop, M.D., director of the New York Headache Center in Manhattan.There are a couple of theories on how it works.“Breaking a sweat may relieve stress,”says Dr. Mauskop. Headaches are often triggered by stress, and if you remove the trigger, you release the pain.The feel-good chemicals produced when you exercise actually block your pain sensors, acting as a natural painkiller.Since headaches can be caused by many different factors like genetics, lack of sleep, or certain foods, the cardio workout won’t be the solution for everyone, Dr. Mauskop says. But one German study found that it helped 65 percent of patients, which makes it as effective as the best medicines on the market.Dr. Mauskop recommends his patients do a half-hour reasonable intensity(强度) cardio workout, like jogging, biking, or swimming three times a week. These workouts are meant to be slow and steady, as opposed to high-intensity intervals that alternate between all-out runs and rest. Pushing yourself too much or increasing the intensity too quickly can trigger headaches in some people, so make sure your heart rate doesn’t jump above 150 BPM. If you don’t have a heart rate monitor, then breathe only through your nose. You’ll know you’re going too hard if you can’t keep up that breathing pattern.Your migraines could start disappearing in a couple of weeks, Dr. Mauskop says.8. According to the passage, the author may agree that _______.A. jogging, swimming and fishing are cardio workouts.B. neither cardio workouts nor topamirate has side effectsC. migraine patients may be cured by regular cardio workoutsD. cardio workouts will be the solution for everyone with migraines9. The underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 7 can be replaced by _______.A. curedB. releasedC. causedD. monitored10. What would be the best title?A. A cure for headachesB. Side effects of migrainesC. The causes of headachesD. Advantages of cardio workouts.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。