2019-2020学年上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
2020年上海高考英语一模---崇明区
2019-2020学年上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model.C. A shirt designer.D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school.C. Ina travel agency.D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It's not good enough.B. I t’s none of the woman’s business,C. It’s not true.D. It's out of expectation.4. A. He decided to try a new barbershop.B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America.B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn’t know where it is.B. She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus.B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. Call the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term.B. She doesn’t trust the mail.C. She didn’t l like her geography professor.D. She won’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow.B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She MI be too tired to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. lie doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food.B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn.B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold.B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable.B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. 1 heir extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18.A. Essential. B. Impolite.C. Comfortable.D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments.B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect)with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Section Bdefinitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawkin g， physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) __34__ problem in the way physicists understand our world一a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popularpublic____36____ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences，the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed g reat __37__ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.It look an enormous __39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his __40__ challenges.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite__41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open —an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly-stressed showing ''significant”reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while __48__ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__53 __ emotions,” Dr. Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And it did, which is __55__because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. contributions D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B.challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year，the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San-Francisco International Hip Hop Dance-Fest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each Dance-Fest has diversity (多样化）of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for Dance-Fest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance "Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya，in any introduction to Dance-Fest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San-Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.However，Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she started Dance-Fest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive Riles leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya's festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of Dance-Fest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique Riles and the challenge of Dance-Fest.57. Hip-hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dance-fest if they cannot only dance skillfully but alsoA. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters58. By “dubious reputation” in the last paragraph，the author means hip hop back then.A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition59. What can be concluded about Dance-Fest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School PoliciesThe enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School is subject to the School’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and pro cedures (including those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School f rom time to time 4. FeesSchool Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and subject to variation fr om time to time. A full term’s tui tion is payable for any term during which the pupil is in attendance i rrespective of the number of days attended. If tuition fees have not b een paid, they shall remain due an d payable and the Refundable Depo sit shall be used to pay the tuition fees and the parents / guardians r emain responsible for the rest. The School reserves the right to e xclude a pupil where tuition or oth er fees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also ke ep back any information, pupil repo rts or property in such circumstanc es.2. Withdrawal by Parent / GuardianParents / Guardians shall give a minimum of6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following session.3. Refundable Deposit 5. Termination by the schoolOn the offer of a place at the School, the R efundable Deposit becomes payable. This is t o secure enrolment at the School until the te rmly or annual fees have been paid. The Ref undable Deposit is refundable, and shall be w ithout interest and without taking into accoun t changes in exchange rates. The school may terminate this agre ement when permanent exclusion or removal is required. The School s hall not take such action without g ood cause and full consultation wit h parents / guardians and the pupil. Parents / guardians have the right to appeal to the Orbital Education International Schools Development Officer on a decision to permane ntly exclude a pupil.60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_______” in a schools admissions booklet.A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration61. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils gel their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. There fundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. there fundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupils place in the schoolD. the school’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smart-phones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?” The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Techno logy didn’t have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HINT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smart-phones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICI, they also found that ICI has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“For every text message, for every - phone call, every video you upload or download, there's a data centre making this happen.” Belkhir explains.' Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”Among all the devices, ti*ends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smart-phones. While smart-phones consume little energy to operate. 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.A smart-phone’s chip and motherboa rd (芯片牙口主板）require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at ahigh cost. Smart-phones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary - amount of waste.Belkirhas made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to am on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so tha t all data centres follow. Also. It’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smart-phones.”63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to_______.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belcher’s student's creativity and critical thinking64. One reason why smart-phones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that_______.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _______.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smart-phonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smart-phonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.F.It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been made unfarmable.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular. ______67______Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria's smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago ill Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. "Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonal farming. It is just far ming anytime of the year，meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.”________68________It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming. It took a lot of effort to change peopled minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. ________69_________ Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity. Philippines is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology. The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria’s economy. _______70________ For now, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're than kful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．6．（1.5分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．7．（1.5分）A．Get a ticket from his sister．B．Help his sister out of her conflict．C．Go to the concert with his sister．D．Get a schedule of future performances．8．（1.5分）A．Meet his advisor．B．Track his adviserC．Adjust his course scheduleD．Follow his course schedule as advised．9．（1.5分）A．He has already paid his landlord for next year's rent．B．He's decided how he's going to spend the prize money．C．He doesn't know how much his rent is going to increase．D．He's already planning to enter for next year's essay contest 10．（1.5分）A．The man can use her electronic dictionary．B．The man should buy a new paper dictionary．C．She can show the man how to use the dictionaryD．She will work more efficiently with his dictionary．11．（4.5分）（1）A．Napping may help prevent seniors' memory loss B．Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically．C．Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap．D．Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world．（2）A．They are afraid of becoming lazy．B．They don't think napping is common．C．They are too energetic to need a nap．D．They don't want to be considered weak．（3）A．Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders．B．Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities．C．Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of moneyD．Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms 12．（4.5分）（1）A．A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours．B．A growth in complaints about neighbours．C．The increasing noises made by neighbours．D．Different views on relations between neighbours．（2）A．Selfish attitudes．B．High immigration．C．More crowded space．D．Unwillingness to socialize．（3）A．We ought to understand the instances better．B．Explanations for the instances have increased．C．It's easier to make complaints on TV channels．D．The problem can be viewed from another angle．13．（6分）（1）A．The place to buy soap．B．The plans to survive on the campus．C．The way to use drying machines．D．The steps to wash clothes with machines（2）A．It can promote bacteria growth．B．It can produce dirt in the clothes．C．It can be a waste of water and soap．D．It can leave bubbles in the machine（3）A．Excited．B．Shocked．C．DisappointedD．Embarrassed（4）A．The woman's mother seldom does things for her．B．American kids become independent even before ten．C．The man and the woman are from different countries．D．In the eye of the man's mother，independence is important．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bieycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend onthem to earn a living．Many of the workers are immigrants．Electric bicycles，or "e﹣bikes，" look like regular bicycles，but they have electric﹣powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward．Most e﹣bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour，but some can go much （1）（fast）．（2）it is legal to own e﹣bikes in New York City，it is not legal to operate them．Officials there consider the dangerous use of e﹣bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason （3）the ban．Last year，the city announced severe measures （4）（mean）to hold e﹣bike riders and restaurant that employ the riders responsible．E﹣bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban．The police （5）also seize the bikes．Many of New York's delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s．Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours （6）（earn）enough money to live on．Delivery worker Deging Lian said it is important to perform quality work （7）their job also depends on tips．He added that when delivery workers are too slow，some people refuse to pay for the food，which makes the workers' supervisors angry．Ligiang Liu is an e﹣bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union．He says （8）（catch）breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers．Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project，（9）provides assistance to bicycle ﹣related workers in New York City．He says the city's ban on e﹣bikes is unfairly targeting low﹣paid workers who largely come from the city's Latino and Asian communities．He does not accept the argument （10）e﹣bikes present a danger to citizens．However，many New Yorkers are quick to blame e﹣bike riders for not being safe．Section BDirections：After reading the passage below，fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word morethan you need.15．（3分）A．overate B．precious C．rate D．researchersE．impression F．previous G．presentedH．interpret I．goers J．revealed K．consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there's no such thing as a free lunch，but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal，it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal，according to scientists．A new study has found that restaurant （1）who pay more for their meals thinkthe food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price．The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their （2）of how food tastes．Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffer （自助餐）in a restaurant．The price of the food was set by the （3）at either ﹩4 or ﹩8 for the all﹣you﹣can﹣eat meal．Customers were asked to （4）how good the food tasted，the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names．The experiment （5）that the people who paid ﹩8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the "cheaper" buffet．Interestingly those that paid for the ﹩4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they （6）．However，the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total，according to the study （7）at the Experimental Biology meeting this week．Brian Wansink，a professor of （8）behaviour at the university，said："We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats，but a huge impact on how you （9）the experience．" He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals．In a（n）（10）study，scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories （卡路里）than people who eat in brightly lit areas．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer．This flight﹣disturbing （1）is a warning sign．Climate change is projected to have far﹣reaching （2）﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long﹣term declines in agricultural production．And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft with potential effects on airline （3）．National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have beer﹣designed for the climate in which it all developed．In the aviation （航空）industry，airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced （4）Because the climate is changing even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be （5）As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world，our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect （6）around the world．We've found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more fre quent takeoff weight （7）in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures，which can help reduce the aircraft's weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed．There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago．And if we （8）to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades，the frequency and intensity or these extremes is projected to increase dramatically．The （9）on aviation may be widespread．Many airports are built near sea level，puttingthem at risk of more frequent （10）as oceans rise．The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high﹣altitude （高海拔的）winds．Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings，potentially increasing fuel （11）．Many departments of the economy，including the aviation industry，have yet to seriously （12）the effects of climate change．The sooner，the better：Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades，and have （13）effects．Today's newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years，and their （14）are being designed now．The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated，the more effective and less costly adaptations can be．Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate﹣altering emissions across the aviation industry，which would help reduce the problem while also （15）it．（1）A．scheme B．heat C．shift D．mess（2）A．contributions B．confusion C．feedbacks D．consequences （3）A．pilots B．reservations C．costs D．accidents（4）A．historically B．enormously C．fundamentally D．domestically （5）A．retested B．implemented C．prospected D．reengineered （6）A．travels B．developments C．flights D．communications （7）A．disorders B．gains C．bans D．restrictions （8）A．happen B．fail C．aim D．promise（9）A．taxes B．effects C．viewpoints D．comments（10）A．flooding B．rotting C．repairing D．transferring （11）A．standard B．efficiency C．distribution D．consumption （12）A．consider B．avoid C．maximize D．demonstrate （13）A．greater B．different C．lasting D．direct（14）A．airports B．products C．contracts D．replacements （15）A．sneezing at B．responding to D．recovering from C．resulting in Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Flu is killing us．The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face，let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future．Yes，we have an annual vaccine （疫苗），and everyone qualified should get it without question．The reality，however，is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines．And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years．We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine．In the U．S．alone，seasonal flu can cause up to 36million infections，three﹣quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56，000 deaths．We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves，our loved ones and our communitiesWhy not？We haven't been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time．So as individuals，we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us．The risk of continued foot dragging is huge．In a severe widespread disease，the U．S．health care system could be defeated in just weeks．Millions of people would be infected by the virus，and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak．The cost of preventing epidemics （流行病）is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with themwhen they hit．In 2012， a call was issued for an annual billion﹣dollar U．S．commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine．Six years later，the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded．The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction．As soon as headlines about the flu are going to hospitals are emptied of flu patients，and school and workplace absence rates decline，we go back to business as usual．Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu．They need your quick and decisive support to succeed．Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones（1）The problem of the current flu vaccines is that．A．they are not available every yearB．most Americans are not allowed to get themC．not everyone is qualified for themD．many people still catch flu after getting them（2）What does the author mean by "continued foot dragging" in Paragraph 4？A．Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks．B．The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu．C．Individuals aren't alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention．D．Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future．（3）What can be inferred from the passage？A．Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu．B．The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases．C．The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention．D．Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu．（4）The author wrote the passage mainly to．A．teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB．call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC．encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccineD．urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu18．（6分）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form．If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card，see "How to fil in your Tax Free Forms"．Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure．Remember no refund without：Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation （验证）At the point of departureFor non﹣EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked﹣in luggage：1．Check your luggage in at the check﹣in counter，tell the check﹣in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes．2．Take the labelled luggage to Customs，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped3．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service providerGoods carried in hand luggage：1．Go to Customs after passport control，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped．Please note：Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU．2．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider．Allow time for the refund process．Go to Customs before or after check﹣in，see Refund Office list．Present your completed Tax Free Forms，receipts，passport，and purchased items to get a stamp．Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo （标识）．Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash．In a rush？Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks．*EU：European Union（1）Whom is the above information intended for？A．EU residents who want to get their tax refunded．B．Non﹣EU residents who are going to travel in EU．C．EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms．D．Non﹣EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases．（2）To get your tax refund，you need to after having your luggage checked in if you've put your purchased goods in your check﹣in luggage．A．show your purchased goods to the check﹣in clerkB．cash in your stamped Form at the check﹣in counter．C．take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD．go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage（3）What can be learned from the passage？A．It's a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund．B．It's unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp．C．You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry．D．You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter．19．（8分）A portrait created by artificial intelligence，or Al，made a historic appearance on the auction （拍卖）block at Christie's in New York City this week．It is the first artwork created by an algorithm （算法）to be offered for auction in the world of fine art．The odd﹣looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left the auction block at Christie's for ﹩432，500 on Oct．25 in New York City．The portrait designed in the "Old Master" style of European fine artists from centuries ago appears to represent a man with a vague face，dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century．Of course，a computer didn't automatically pick up a brush and become an artist．The Al that created the image had human programmers﹣a Parisian art collective called Obvious，Christie's reported．Their cooperation，titled "Portrait of Edmond De Belamy，" is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch ﹩7，000 to﹩10，000，according to Christie's．To create the portrait，the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15.000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries，to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art，Obvious artist Hugo Caselles﹣Duprétold Christie's．The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other．called the Generator （that makes the art）and a Discriminator （that tries to spot the difference between human ﹣created and Al﹣created images），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained；they called this Al "generative adversarial network" （GAN），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained．GAN's final image was then printed and framed，according to Obvious．At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula （公式）representing the algorithm that created it，a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator，Obvious artists wrote on the collective's website．The goal of the painting and of Obvious，also co﹣founded by Hugo Caselles﹣Dupréand Gauthier Vernier，was to prove "artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing it can be creative．，" Consumer News and Business Channel reported．Portraiture is a tough task for Al to take on，according to Christie's，"since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be．" This difficulty was part of Obvious' thinking when they created the portrait．"Edmond de Belamy" is one of eleven Al paintings made by Obvious．（1）It can be learned from the passage that the portrait "Edmond de Belamy"．A．was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB．was the first artwork sold at an auctionC．is a painting created by means of brushD．is a man who once appeared at the auction（2）To create a portrait，Al needs to．A．learn from plenty of imagesB．use an algorithm with many partsC．work against human paintersD．recognize its human programmers（3）What can be concluded from the passage？A．The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless．B．The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity．C．It is more difficult for Al to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait．D．Al is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human．（4）The passage mainly tells us that．A．Al will soon replace man in some fieldsB．an Al﹣created portrait sells high at an auctionC．a proper algorithm is the key for Al to create carD．Al﹣created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（6分）A．It's that long﹣term exposure that experts find most worrisome．B．Car manufacturers are unaware of standards regulating air quality inside new cars．C．This is when components are still unstable and tend towards what is called off﹣gassing．D．Just reading a list of the substances is scary enough，and the danger of exposure is scarierstill．E．The source of the smell so many buyers find appealing is in the various substances used incar constructionF．Fortunately，high concentrations of these compounds gradually disappear just a fewmonths after manufacture．Is New﹣car Smell Bad for Your Health？The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms，for which there's a good reason．That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals，some of which can be highly poisonous．（1）Many of these contain volatile （挥发性的）organic compounds （VOCs），some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities．Others are just bad for you．"It's a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances，" said Jeff Gearhart，Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan．The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years，and has noted some improvement．But Gearhart says there is still work to be done．"There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles，" he said．"Since these chemicals are not regulated，consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face．"（2）Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches，dizziness，etc．，depending on the sensitivity of an individual．According to the US Environmental Protection Agency，continued exposure to some ofthese can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣or even cancer．The danger is the greatest when the car is new，and that new car smell is most noticeable．（3）It is the release of chemical vapours，which leads to the smell．Heat from a vehicle left in the sun car make matters worse，and speed up the chemical reaction．The danger is reduced over time，and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months．Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated （通风的），especially during the first six months of ownership．Park in the shade with the windows open when it's safe to do so，or at least try to air it out before getting inside﹣especially on not days．IV. Summary Writing21．（8分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passagein no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Take Care of Your Spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health，providing your body with structure and support．It also contains your spinal cord，a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain．Therefore，it's important to take care of it．Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy．Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight，except for its natural curves．Posture comes into play even when you're asleep．Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions．Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn't comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day．Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine．Staying still for too long even if your posture is good﹣can be hard on your back．Especially if you work at a desk most of the day，it's important to get up and stretch periodically．Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions．Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine．However，don't overdo the exercise，asrepeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine．Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves．In particular，B vitamins help keep nerves healthy，so you may want to consider taking a．supplement （补充物）．Another important factor is vitamin D，which is essential for strong bones，but．it's also absorbed from sunlight，so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（4分）科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）23．（4分）我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）24．（4分）那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）25．（4分）经济全球化是经济发展的必然趋势，它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given belowin Chinese．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略6．（1.5分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．Get a ticket from his sister．B．Help his sister out of her conflict．C．Go to the concert with his sister．。
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5 分）A．In a charity shop ．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory ．D．In a clothing store ．2．（1.5 分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．3．（1.5 分）A． A librarian ．В． A secretary．C． A reporter ．D．An accountant ．4．（1.5 分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup ．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket ．5．（1.5 分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor ．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left ．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding ．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．6．（1.5 分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip ．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．7．（1.5 分）A．Get a ticket from his sister ．B．Help his sister out of her conflict ．C．Go to the concert with his sister ．D．Get a schedule of future performances ．8．（1.5 分）A．Meet his advisor ．B．Track his adviserC．Adjust his course scheduleD．Follow his course schedule as advised．9．（1.5 分）A．He has already paid his landlord for next year's rent ．B．He's decided how he's going to spend the prize money ．C．He doesn't know how much his rent is going to increase ．D．He's already planning to enter for next year's essay contest 10．（1.5 分）A ．The man can use her electronic dictionary ．B．The man should buy a new paper dictionary ．C．She can show the man how to use the dictionaryD．She will work more efficiently with his dictionary ．11．（4.5 分）（1）A ．Napping may help prevent seniors' memory loss B．Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically ．C．Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap ．D．Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world ．（2）A．They are afraid of becoming lazy ．B．They don't think napping is common ．C．They are too energetic to need a nap．D．They don't want to be considered weak ．（3）A．Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders ．B．Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities ．C．Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of moneyD．Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms 12．（4.5 分）（1）A． A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours ．B． A growth in complaints about neighbours ．C．The increasing noises made by neighbours．D．Different views on relations between neighbours ．（2）A．Selfish attitudes ．B．High immigration ．C．More crowded space ．D．Unwillingness to socialize ．（3）A．We ought to understand the instances better．B．Explanations for the instances have increased．C．It's easier to make complaints on TV channels ．D．The problem can be viewed from another angle ．13．（6 分）（1）A．The place to buy soap．B．The plans to survive on the campus．C．The way to use drying machines ．D．The steps to wash clothes with machines（2）A．It can promote bacteria growth ．B．It can produce dirt in the clothes ．C．It can be a waste of water and soap．D．It can leave bubbles in the machine（3）A．Excited ．B．Shocked．C．DisappointedD．Embarrassed（4）A．The woman's mother seldom does things for her ．B．American kids become independent even before ten ．C．The man and the woman are from different countries ．D．In the eye of the man's mother ，independence is important．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word ；for the other blanks ，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15 分）Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bieycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend onthem to earn a living ．Many of the workers are immigrants ．Electric bicycles ，or "e ﹣bikes，" look like regular bicycles ，but they have electric ﹣powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward ．Most e ﹣bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour ，but some can go much （1）（fast）．（2）it is legal to own e ﹣bikes in New York City ，it is not legal to operate them．Officials there consider the dangerous use of e ﹣bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason （3）the ban．Last year，the city announced severe measures （4）（mean）to hold e﹣bike riders and restaurant that employ the riders responsible ．E﹣bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban．The police （5）also seize the bikes．Many of New York's delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s．Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours （6）（earn）enough money to live on ．Delivery worker Deging Lian said it is important to perform quality work （7）their job also depends on tips ．He added that when delivery workers are too slow ，some people refuse to pay for the food ，which makes the workers' supervisors angry ．Ligiang Liu is an e ﹣bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union ．He says（8）（catch）breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers ．Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project ，（9）provides assistance to bicycle ﹣related workers in New York City ．He says the city's ban on e ﹣bikes is unfairly targeting low ﹣paid workers who largely come from the city's Latino and Asian communities ．He does not accept the argument （10）e﹣bikes present a danger to citizens ．However ，many New Yorkers are quick to blame e ﹣bike riders for not being safe ．Section BDirections：After reading the passage below，fill in each blank with a properword given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word morethan you need.15．（3 分）A．overate B．precious C．rate D．researchersE．impression F．previous G．presentedH．interpret I ．goers J．revealed K．consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there's no such thing as a free lunch，but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal，it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal ，according to scientists．A new study has found that restaurant （1）who pay more for their meals thinkthe food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price ．The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their （2）of how food tastes ．Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffer （自助餐）in a restaurant．The price of the food was set by the （3）at either ﹩4 or ﹩8 for the all﹣you﹣can﹣eat meal．Customers were asked to （4）how good the food tasted，the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names ．The experiment （5）that the people who paid ﹩8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the "cheaper" buffet ．Interestingly those that paid for the ﹩4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they （6）．However ，the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total ，according to the study （7）at the Experimental Biology meeting this week．Brian Wansink ，a professor of （8）behaviour at the university ，said："We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats ，but a huge impact on how you （9）the experience．" He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals ．In a（n）（10）study，scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories （卡路里）than people who eat in brightly lit areas．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ：For each blank in the following passagethere are four words or phrases marked A ，B，Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15 分）How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer．This flight ﹣disturbing （1）is a warning sign．Climate change is projected to have far﹣reaching （2）﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long ﹣term declines in agricultural production ．And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft with potential effects on airline （3）．National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have beer﹣designed for the climate in which it all developed ．In the aviation （航空）industry ，airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced （ 4 ）Because the climate is changing even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be （5）As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world ，our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect （6）around the world ．We've found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more fre quent takeoff weight （7）in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures ，which can help reduce the aircraft's weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed ．There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago ．And if we （8）to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades ，the frequency and intensity or these extremes is projected to increase dramatically ．The（9）on aviation may be widespread．Many airports are built near sea level ，puttingthem at risk of more frequent （10）as oceans rise．The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high ﹣altitude （高海拔的）winds ．Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings ，potentially increasing fuel （11）．Many departments of the economy，including the aviation industry ，have yet to seriously （12）the effects of climate change ．The sooner，the better：Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades ，and have （13）effects．Today's newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years，and their （14）are being designed now．The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated，the more effective and less costly adaptations can be ．Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate ﹣altering emissions across the aviation industry ，which would help reduce the problem while also （15）it．（1）A．scheme B．heat C．shift D．mess（2）A．contributions B．confusion C．feedbacks D．consequences （3）A．pilots B．reservations C．costs D．accidents（4）A．historically B．enormously C．fundamentally D．domestically （5）A．retested B．implemented C．prospected D．reengineered （6）A．travels B．developments C．flights D．communications （7）A．disorders B．gains C．bans D．restrictions （8）A．happen B．fail C．aim D．promise（9）A．taxes B．effects C．viewpoints D．comments（10）A．flooding B．rotting C．repairing D．transferring （11）A ．standard B．efficiency C．distribution D．consumption （12）A．consider B．avoid C．maximize D．demonstrate （13）A．greater B．different C．lasting D．direct（14）A．airports B．products C．contracts D．replacements （15）A．sneezing at B．responding to D．recovering from C．resulting in Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ，B，C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage youhave just read.17．（8 分）Flu is killing us ．The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face ，let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future ．Yes，we have an annual vaccine （疫苗），and everyone qualified should get it without question ．The reality ，however，is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines ．And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years ．We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine ．In the U．S．alone，seasonal flu can cause up to 36million infections ，three﹣quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56 ，000 deaths．We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves，our loved ones and our communitiesWhy not？We haven't been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time．So as individuals，we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us．The risk of continued foot dragging is huge．In a severe widespread disease，the U．S．health care system could be defeated in just weeks ．Millions of people would be infected by the virus ，and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak ．The cost of preventing epidemics （流行病）is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with themwhen they hit ．In 2012 ， a call was issued for an annual billion ﹣dollar U．S．commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine ．Six years later，the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded ．The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction ．As soon as headlines about the flu are going to hospitals are emptied of flu patients ，and school and workplace absence rates decline，we go back to business as usual．Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu ．They need your quick and decisive support to succeed ．Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones（1）The problem of the current flu vaccines is that ．A ．they are not available every yearB．most Americans are not allowed to get themC．not everyone is qualified for themD．many people still catch flu after getting them（2）What does the author mean by "continued foot dragging" in Paragraph 4 ？A ．Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks ．B．The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu ．C．Individuals aren't alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention ．D．Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future ．（3）What can be inferred from the passage？A ．Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu ．B．The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases ．C．The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention ．D．Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu ．（4）The author wrote the passage mainly to ．A ．teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB．call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC．encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccineD．urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu18．（6 分）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form ．If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card ，see "How to fil in your Tax Free Forms" ．Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure ．Remember no refund without ：Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation （验证）At the point of departureFor non﹣EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked﹣in luggage：1．Check your luggage in at the check ﹣in counter，tell the check﹣in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes．2．Take the labelled luggage to Customs ，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped3．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service providerGoods carried in hand luggage：1．Go to Customs after passport control ，show the goods ，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped．Please note：Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU ．2．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider ．Allow time for the refund process．Go to Customs before or after check﹣in，see Refund Office list．Present your completed Tax Free Forms，receipts，passport，and purchased items to get a stamp．Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo （标识）．Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash ．In a rush？Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks ．*EU ：European Union（1）Whom is the above information intended for ？A ．EU residents who want to get their tax refunded ．B．Non﹣EU residents who are going to travel in EU ．C．EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms ．D．Non﹣EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases ．（2）To get your tax refund ，you need to after having your luggage checked in if you've put your purchased goods in your check ﹣in luggage．A ．show your purchased goods to the check﹣in clerkB．cash in your stamped Form at the check ﹣in counter．C．take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD．go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage（3）What can be learned from the passage？A ．It's a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund ．B．It's unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp ．C．You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry ．D．You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter ．19．（8 分）A portrait created by artificial intelligence ，or Al ，made a historic appearance on the auction （拍卖）block at Christie's in New York City this week ．It is the first artwork created by an algorithm （算法）to be offered for auction in the world of fine art ．The odd﹣looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left the auction block at Christie's for ﹩432，500 on Oct．25 in New York City ．The portrait designed in the "Old Master" style of European fine artists from centuries ago appears to represent a man with a vague face，dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century ．Of course，a computer didn't automatically pick up a brush and become an artist ．The Al that created the image had human programmers ﹣ a Parisian art collective called Obvious ，Christie's reported．Their cooperation ，titled "Portrait of Edmond De Belamy ，" is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch ﹩7，000 to﹩10，000，according to Christie's ．To create the portrait ，the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15.000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries，to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art ，Obvious artist Hugo Caselles ﹣Duprétold Christie's ．The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other ．called the Generator （that makes the art）and a Discriminator （that tries to spot the difference between human ﹣created and Al ﹣created images），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained；they called this Al "generative adversarial network" （GAN ），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained．GAN's final image was then printed and framed ，according to Obvious ．At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula （公式）representing the algorithm that created it ，a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator ，Obvious artists wrote on the collective's website ．The goal of the painting and of Obvious ，also co﹣founded by Hugo Caselles ﹣Dupréand Gauthier Vernier，was to prove "artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing it can be creative ．，" Consumer News and Business Channel reported．Portraiture is a tough task for Al to take on ，according to Christie's ，"since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be．" This difficulty was part of Obvious' thinking when they created the portrait ．"Edmond de Belamy" is one of eleven Al paintings made by Obvious ．（1）It can be learned from the passage that the portrait "Edmond de Belamy" ．A ．was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB．was the first artwork sold at an auctionC．is a painting created by means of brushD．is a man who once appeared at the auction（2）To create a portrait，Al needs to ．A ．learn from plenty of imagesB．use an algorithm with many partsC．work against human paintersD．recognize its human programmers（3）What can be concluded from the passage？A ．The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless ．B．The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity ．C．It is more difficult for Al to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait ．D．Al is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human ．（4）The passage mainly tells us that ．A ．Al will soon replace man in some fieldsB．an Al ﹣created portrait sells high at an auctionC． a proper algorithm is the key for Al to create carD．Al ﹣created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentencesthan you need.20．（6 分）A ．It's that long ﹣term exposure that experts find most worrisome ．B．Car manufacturers are unaware of standards regulating air quality inside new cars ．C．This is when components are still unstable and tend towards what is called off ﹣gassing．D．Just reading a list of the substances is scary enough，and the danger of exposure is scarierstill ．E．The source of the smell so many buyers find appealing is in the various substances used incar constructionF．Fortunately ，high concentrations of these compounds gradually disappear just a fewmonths after manufacture ．Is New﹣car Smell Bad for Your Health ？The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms，for which there's a good reason．That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals ，some of which can be highly poisonous．（1）Many of these contain volatile （挥发性的）organic compounds （VOCs ），some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities ．Others are just bad for you ．"It's a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances ，" said Jeff Gearhart ，Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan ．The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years ，and has noted some improvement．But Gearhart says there is still work to be done ．"There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles，" he said．"Since these chemicals are not regulated，consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face ．"（2）Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches，dizziness，etc．，depending on the sensitivity of an individual ．According to the US Environmental Protection Agency ，continued exposure to some ofthese can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣or even cancer．The danger is the greatest when the car is new，and that new car smell is most noticeable．（3）It is the release of chemical vapours，which leads to the smell．Heat from a vehicle left in the sun car make matters worse ，and speed up the chemical reaction．The danger is reduced over time ，and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months ．Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated （通风的），especially during the first six months of ownership ．Park in the shade with the windows open when it's safe to do so ，or at least try to air it out before getting inside ﹣especially on not days．IV. Summary Writing21．（8 分）Directions ：Read the following passage ．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passagein no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible ．Take Care of Your Spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health ，providing your body with structure and support．It also contains your spinal cord ， a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain ．Therefore，it's important to take care of it ．Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy．Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight ，except for its natural curves ．Posture comes into play even when you're asleep．Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions．Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn't comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day．Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine ．Staying still for too long even if your posture is good ﹣can be hard on your back ．Especially if you work at a desk most of the day，it's important to get up and stretch periodically ．Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions．Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine．However ，don't overdo the exercise，asrepeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine．Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves．In particular ，B vitamins help keep nerves healthy ，so you may want to consider taking a ．supplement （补充物）．Another important factor is vitamin D ，which is essential for strong bones，but．it's also absorbed from sunlight ，so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside．V. TranslationDirections ：Translate the following sentences into English ，using the wordsgiven in the brackets.22．（4 分）科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）23．（4 分）我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）24．（4 分）那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）25（．4 分）经济全球化是经济发展的必然趋势，它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）VI. Guided Writing26．（25 分）Directions ：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given belowin Chinese ．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2 个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．2019 年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5 分）A．In a charity shop ．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory ．D．In a clothing store ．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5 分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5 分）A． A librarian ．В． A secretary．C． A reporter ．D．An accountant ．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略。
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．6．（1.5分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．7．（1.5分）A．Get a ticket from his sister．B．Help his sister out of her conflict．C．Go to the concert with his sister．D．Get a schedule of future performances．8．（1.5分）A．Meet his advisor．B．Track his adviserC．Adjust his course scheduleD．Follow his course schedule as advised．9．（1.5分）A．He has already paid his landlord for next year's rent．B．He's decided how he's going to spend the prize money．C．He doesn't know how much his rent is going to increase．D．He's already planning to enter for next year's essay contest 10．（1.5分）A．The man can use her electronic dictionary．B．The man should buy a new paper dictionary．C．She can show the man how to use the dictionaryD．She will work more efficiently with his dictionary．11．（4.5分）（1）A．Napping may help prevent seniors' memory loss B．Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically．C．Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap．D．Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world．（2）A．They are afraid of becoming lazy．B．They don't think napping is common．C．They are too energetic to need a nap．D．They don't want to be considered weak．（3）A．Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders．B．Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities．C．Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of moneyD．Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms 12．（4.5分）（1）A．A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours．B．A growth in complaints about neighbours．C．The increasing noises made by neighbours．D．Different views on relations between neighbours．（2）A．Selfish attitudes．B．High immigration．C．More crowded space．D．Unwillingness to socialize．（3）A．We ought to understand the instances better．B．Explanations for the instances have increased．C．It's easier to make complaints on TV channels．D．The problem can be viewed from another angle．13．（6分）（1）A．The place to buy soap．B．The plans to survive on the campus．C．The way to use drying machines．D．The steps to wash clothes with machines（2）A．It can promote bacteria growth．B．It can produce dirt in the clothes．C．It can be a waste of water and soap．D．It can leave bubbles in the machine（3）A．Excited．B．Shocked．C．DisappointedD．Embarrassed（4）A．The woman's mother seldom does things for her．B．American kids become independent even before ten．C．The man and the woman are from different countries．D．In the eye of the man's mother，independence is important．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bieycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend onthem to earn a living．Many of the workers are immigrants．Electric bicycles，or "e﹣bikes，" look like regular bicycles，but they have electric﹣powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward．Most e﹣bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour，but some can go much （1）（fast）．（2）it is legal to own e﹣bikes in New York City，it is not legal to operate them．Officials there consider the dangerous use of e﹣bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason （3）the ban．Last year，the city announced severe measures （4）（mean）to hold e﹣bike riders and restaurant that employ the riders responsible．E﹣bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban．The police （5）also seize the bikes．Many of New York's delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s．Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours （6）（earn）enough money to live on．Delivery worker Deging Lian said it is important to perform quality work （7）their job also depends on tips．He added that when delivery workers are too slow，some people refuse to pay for the food，which makes the workers' supervisors angry．Ligiang Liu is an e﹣bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union．He says （8）（catch）breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers．Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project，（9）provides assistance to bicycle ﹣related workers in New York City．He says the city's ban on e﹣bikes is unfairly targeting low﹣paid workers who largely come from the city's Latino and Asian communities．He does not accept the argument （10）e﹣bikes present a danger to citizens．However，many New Yorkers are quick to blame e﹣bike riders for not being safe．Section BDirections：After reading the passage below，fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word morethan you need.15．（3分）A．overate B．precious C．rate D．researchersE．impression F．previous G．presentedH．interpret I．goers J．revealed K．consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there's no such thing as a free lunch，but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal，it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal，according to scientists．A new study has found that restaurant （1）who pay more for their meals thinkthe food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price．The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their （2）of how food tastes．Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffer （自助餐）in a restaurant．The price of the food was set by the （3）at either ﹩4 or ﹩8 for the all﹣you﹣can﹣eat meal．Customers were asked to （4）how good the food tasted，the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names．The experiment （5）that the people who paid ﹩8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the "cheaper" buffet．Interestingly those that paid for the ﹩4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they （6）．However，the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total，according to the study （7）at the Experimental Biology meeting this week．Brian Wansink，a professor of （8）behaviour at the university，said："We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats，but a huge impact on how you （9）the experience．" He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals．In a（n）（10）study，scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories （卡路里）than people who eat in brightly lit areas．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer．This flight﹣disturbing （1）is a warning sign．Climate change is projected to have far﹣reaching （2）﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long﹣term declines in agricultural production．And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft with potential effects on airline （3）．National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have beer﹣designed for the climate in which it all developed．In the aviation （航空）industry，airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced （4）Because the climate is changing even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be （5）As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world，our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect （6）around the world．We've found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more fre quent takeoff weight （7）in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures，which can help reduce the aircraft's weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed．There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago．And if we （8）to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades，the frequency and intensity or these extremes is projected to increase dramatically．The （9）on aviation may be widespread．Many airports are built near sea level，puttingthem at risk of more frequent （10）as oceans rise．The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high﹣altitude （高海拔的）winds．Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings，potentially increasing fuel （11）．Many departments of the economy，including the aviation industry，have yet to seriously （12）the effects of climate change．The sooner，the better：Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades，and have （13）effects．Today's newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years，and their （14）are being designed now．The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated，the more effective and less costly adaptations can be．Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate﹣altering emissions across the aviation industry，which would help reduce the problem while also （15）it．（1）A．scheme B．heat C．shift D．mess（2）A．contributions B．confusion C．feedbacks D．consequences （3）A．pilots B．reservations C．costs D．accidents（4）A．historically B．enormously C．fundamentally D．domestically （5）A．retested B．implemented C．prospected D．reengineered （6）A．travels B．developments C．flights D．communications （7）A．disorders B．gains C．bans D．restrictions （8）A．happen B．fail C．aim D．promise（9）A．taxes B．effects C．viewpoints D．comments（10）A．flooding B．rotting C．repairing D．transferring （11）A．standard B．efficiency C．distribution D．consumption （12）A．consider B．avoid C．maximize D．demonstrate （13）A．greater B．different C．lasting D．direct（14）A．airports B．products C．contracts D．replacements （15）A．sneezing at B．responding to D．recovering from C．resulting in Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by severalquestions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Flu is killing us．The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face，let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future．Yes，we have an annual vaccine （疫苗），and everyone qualified should get it without question．The reality，however，is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines．And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years．We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine．In the U．S．alone，seasonal flu can cause up to 36million infections，three﹣quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56，000 deaths．We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves，our loved ones and our communitiesWhy not？We haven't been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time．So as individuals，we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us．The risk of continued foot dragging is huge．In a severe widespread disease，the U．S．health care system could be defeated in just weeks．Millions of people would be infected by the virus，and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak．The cost of preventing epidemics （流行病）is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with themwhen they hit．In 2012， a call was issued for an annual billion﹣dollar U．S．commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine．Six years later，the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded．The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction．As soon as headlines about the flu are going to hospitals are emptied of flu patients，and school and workplace absence rates decline，we go back to business as usual．Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu．They need your quick and decisive support to succeed．Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones（1）The problem of the current flu vaccines is that．A．they are not available every yearB．most Americans are not allowed to get themC．not everyone is qualified for themD．many people still catch flu after getting them（2）What does the author mean by "continued foot dragging" in Paragraph 4？A．Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks．B．The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu．C．Individuals aren't alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention．D．Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future．（3）What can be inferred from the passage？A．Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu．B．The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases．C．The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention．D．Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu．（4）The author wrote the passage mainly to．A．teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB．call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC．encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccineD．urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu18．（6分）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form．If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card，see "How to fil in your Tax Free Forms"．Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure．Remember no refund without：Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation （验证）At the point of departureFor non﹣EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked﹣in luggage：1．Check your luggage in at the check﹣in counter，tell the check﹣in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes．2．Take the labelled luggage to Customs，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped3．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service providerGoods carried in hand luggage：1．Go to Customs after passport control，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped．Please note：Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU．2．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider．Allow time for the refund process．Go to Customs before or after check﹣in，see Refund Office list．Present your completed Tax Free Forms，receipts，passport，and purchased items to get a stamp．Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo （标识）．Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash．In a rush？Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks．*EU：European Union（1）Whom is the above information intended for？A．EU residents who want to get their tax refunded．B．Non﹣EU residents who are going to travel in EU．C．EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms．D．Non﹣EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases．（2）To get your tax refund，you need to after having your luggage checked in if you've put your purchased goods in your check﹣in luggage．A．show your purchased goods to the check﹣in clerkB．cash in your stamped Form at the check﹣in counter．C．take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD．go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage（3）What can be learned from the passage？A．It's a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund．B．It's unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp．C．You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry．D．You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter．19．（8分）A portrait created by artificial intelligence，or Al，made a historic appearance on the auction （拍卖）block at Christie's in New York City this week．It is the first artwork created by an algorithm （算法）to be offered for auction in the world of fine art．The odd﹣looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left the auction block at Christie's for ﹩432，500 on Oct．25 in New York City．The portrait designed in the "Old Master" style of European fine artists from centuries ago appears to represent a man with a vague face，dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century．Of course，a computer didn't automatically pick up a brush and become an artist．The Al that created the image had human programmers﹣a Parisian art collective called Obvious，Christie's reported．Their cooperation，titled "Portrait of Edmond De Belamy，" is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch ﹩7，000 to﹩10，000，according to Christie's．To create the portrait，the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15.000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries，to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art，Obvious artist Hugo Caselles﹣Duprétold Christie's．The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other．called the Generator （that makes the art）and a Discriminator （that tries to spot the difference between human ﹣created and Al﹣created images），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained；they called this Al "generative adversarial network" （GAN），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained．GAN's final image was then printed and framed，according to Obvious．At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula （公式）representing the algorithm that created it，a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator，Obvious artists wrote on the collective's website．The goal of the painting and of Obvious，also co﹣founded by Hugo Caselles﹣Dupréand Gauthier Vernier，was to prove "artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing it can be creative．，" Consumer News and Business Channel reported．Portraiture is a tough task for Al to take on，according to Christie's，"since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be．" This difficulty was part of Obvious' thinking when they created the portrait．"Edmond de Belamy" is one of eleven Al paintings made by Obvious．（1）It can be learned from the passage that the portrait "Edmond de Belamy"．A．was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB．was the first artwork sold at an auctionC．is a painting created by means of brushD．is a man who once appeared at the auction（2）To create a portrait，Al needs to．A．learn from plenty of imagesB．use an algorithm with many partsC．work against human paintersD．recognize its human programmers（3）What can be concluded from the passage？A．The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless．B．The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity．C．It is more difficult for Al to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait．D．Al is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human．（4）The passage mainly tells us that．A．Al will soon replace man in some fieldsB．an Al﹣created portrait sells high at an auctionC．a proper algorithm is the key for Al to create carD．Al﹣created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（6分）A．It's that long﹣term exposure that experts find most worrisome．B．Car manufacturers are unaware of standards regulating air quality inside new cars．C．This is when components are still unstable and tend towards what is called off﹣gassing．D．Just reading a list of the substances is scary enough，and the danger of exposure is scarierstill．E．The source of the smell so many buyers find appealing is in the various substances used incar constructionF．Fortunately，high concentrations of these compounds gradually disappear just a fewmonths after manufacture．Is New﹣car Smell Bad for Your Health？The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms，for which there's a good reason．That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals，some of which can be highly poisonous．（1）Many of these contain volatile （挥发性的）organic compounds （VOCs），some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities．Others are just bad for you．"It's a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances，" said Jeff Gearhart，Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan．The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years，and has noted some improvement．But Gearhart says there is still work to be done．"There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles，" he said．"Since these chemicals are not regulated，consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face．"（2）Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches，dizziness，etc．，depending on the sensitivity of an individual．According to the US Environmental Protection Agency，continued exposure to some ofthese can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣or even cancer．The danger is the greatest when the car is new，and that new car smell is most noticeable．（3）It is the release of chemical vapours，which leads to the smell．Heat from a vehicle left in the sun car make matters worse，and speed up the chemical reaction．The danger is reduced over time，and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months．Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated （通风的），especially during the first six months of ownership．Park in the shade with the windows open when it's safe to do so，or at least try to air it out before getting inside﹣especially on not days．IV. Summary Writing21．（8分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passagein no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Take Care of Your Spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health，providing your body with structure and support．It also contains your spinal cord，a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain．Therefore，it's important to take care of it．Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy．Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight，except for its natural curves．Posture comes into play even when you're asleep．Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions．Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn't comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day．Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine．Staying still for too long even if your posture is good﹣can be hard on your back．Especially if you work at a desk most of the day，it's important to get up and stretch periodically．Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions．Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine．However，don't overdo the exercise，asrepeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine．Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves．In particular，B vitamins help keep nerves healthy，so you may want to consider taking a．supplement （补充物）．Another important factor is vitamin D，which is essential for strong bones，but．it's also absorbed from sunlight，so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（4分）科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）23．（4分）我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）24．（4分）那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）25．（4分）经济全球化是经济发展的必然趋势，它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given belowin Chinese．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略6．（1.5分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．Get a ticket from his sister．B．Help his sister out of her conflict．C．Go to the concert with his sister．。
2020崇明英语一模(含答案)
崇明区2020届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语(考试时间120分钟,满分140分,请将答案填写在答题纸上)L.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.A housewife. B.A fashion model.C.A shirt designer.D.A shop assistant.2.A.In a bank. B.In a school.C.In a travel agency.D.In a stock exchange3.A.It's not good enough. B.It's none of the woman's business.C.It's not true.D.It's out of expectation.4.A.He's decided to try a new barbershop.B.The woman mistook him for another guy.C.A different person cut his hair this time.D.Another friend also commented on his hair.5.A.The tipping rule in America.B.Important aspects in American culture.C.The general tax rate in America.D.Tips on understanding American culture.6.A.She doesn't know where it is.B.She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C.She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D.She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7.A.Book a hotel on the campus.B.Reserve a hotel a little far away.C.Call the local hotels again a few days later.D.Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8.A.She took a history class last term.B.She doesn't trust the man.C.She didn't like her geography professor.D.She won't take any history classes.9.A.She doesn't think it will snow.B.The meeting place has been changed.C.The meeting has been canceled.D.She'll be too tired to walk to the meeting.10.A.He is not an experienced skier at all.B.He has never been to Central Mountain.C.He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D.He doesn't recommend going to Central MountainSection BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B.The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C.The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D.The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12.A.It was considered an unhealthy food.B.It could lower the movie ticket prices.C.It was unpopular with theater owners.D.It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13.A.The higher reputation of popcorn.B.The increase of popcorn prices.C.The rise of less luxurious theaters.D.The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S.college market.B.Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S.college market.C.The reasons for the drop of Pearson's sales in the U.S.college market.D.The reaction of the U.S.college market to Pearson's digital publishing.15.A.Parts of Pearson have been sold.B.Pearson has been trying to save money.C.Some employees have left Pearson.D.Pearson's new textbooks have been costly.16.A.Their publishing time is more predictable.B.They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C.They will be updated more timely.D.Their extra learning tools will be free.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Opening social media accounts.B.Posting personal photos online.C.Interacting with online followers.D.Finding friendships on social media.18.A.Essential.B.Impolite.fortable.D.Unwise.19.A.Urging people to make nice comments.B.Encouraging people to become volunteers.C.Providing people with job opportunities.D.Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20.A.The man is cautious about sharing online.B.The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C.The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D.The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer's Patients(老年痴呆症志者) For many teenagers,their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends.Not so for Emma Yang.Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only14,she(21)______ (create)her own mobile app for Alzheimer's patients already.The Timeless app.which Yang spent two years(22)_____(develop),comes with several important features.It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app(23)_____helps Alzheimer's patients identify people in photos and remember who they are.It also allows photos(24)_____(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book,which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer's patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of12,when her grandmother started forgetting things like(25)____she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay(26)____(connect)with her family,”Yang said.It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)____venture capitalists didn't take her work seriously.Yang started a crowd-funding campaign in March last year to support her Timeless app project.That effort raised more than USS10.000.At present.,Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne,Germany.The chief technology officer of Kairos,the AT company(28)____technology is used in the Timeless app,is now Yang's adviser.Yang urged other young.ambitious people to believe in(29)____because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow's leaders."Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,"she said.“(30)____ ____you get out there and put yourself out there,tell people about your idea and find out who's on board and can get behind it,you'll eventually find that team of people."Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.drewB.allowedC.resultD.transformedE.physicalF.discoveredG.effortH.figureI.respectJ.fundamentalK.mutualStephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren't very many scientists who achieved rock star status,Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes31_____how scientists think about the nature of the wrence Krauss,a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's,says that at a young age,Hawking32______ something"truly remarkable".Krauss says before Hawking.physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole33____everything in and nothing could escape.But by combining quantum mechanics(量子力学)and the theory of relativity,Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity.Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n)34_____ problem in the way physicists understand our world-a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn't just a(n)35_____of his research.Hawking,who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak,was also a popular public36______and best-selling author.When he came to scientific conferences,the audience focused their attention on him.And it wasn't just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great37______for him.His popular book about his work,A Brief History of Time,was a best-seller.But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read,most-bought book ever.This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor,along with his fame,38______Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times-as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life,Hawking's disease left him almost paralyzed(瘫痪的).It took an enormous39_____for Hawking to communicate,using the tiny movements he could make.to control a computer.It's tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his40______ challenges.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs?Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis,scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite___41___friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open-an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association-last month,scientists showed that the general___42___of students improves quickly,with even those who are highly stressed showing"significant"reduction in cortisol levels-a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted"Pet Your Stress Away"programs where students can___43___cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research,conducted by Washington State University(WSU),shows that pets improve students”moods,and their___44___has stress-relieving physiological benefits."Just10minutes can have a significant___45___,said Patricia Pendry,an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students'cortisol levels during a ___46___intervention(介入).The team chose249college students and put them into four random groups and compared the effects of different___47___to animals.The first group were provided10minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats.The second group waited in line while___48___others petting the animals.The third group watched a slideshow of the same animals,while the fourth group had to ___49___and was told they would be allowed to see the animals after10minutes.Salivary(唾液的)cortisol___50____were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning.There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had___51___interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these___52___where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education."We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals,and that it helps them experience more___53___emotions,"Dr Pendry said."What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less ___54___way.And it did,which is___55___because the reduction of stress chemicals may.over time,have significant benefits for physical and mental health."41.A.new B.furry C.close D.personal42.A.endurance B.awareness cation D.well-being43.A.glance at B.focus on C.interact with D.escape from44.A.presence B.performance C.intelligence D.perseverance45.A.potential B.problem C.chance D.impact46.A.real-life B.part-time C.first-rate D.high-quality47.A.responses B.exposures C.contributions D.approaches48.A.keeping B.preventing C.observing D.catching49.A.swear B.wait C.supervise D.appreciate50.A.samples B.levels C.injections D.tips51.A.little B.harmonious rmal D.direct52.A.campaigns B.programs C.researches D.majorsplex B.intense C.familiar D.positive54.A.subjective B.risky C.mysterious D.effective55.A.demanding B.challenging C.exciting D.disappointingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that firs best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year,the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers.They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common-hip hop.This weekend the San Francisco Intentional Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates20years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each DanceFest has diversity(多样化)of style and group size,and a balance of local and out-of-town companies.From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic,the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process,only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest.In fact,outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for.They look for much more-groups or artists that think outside the box.Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out.For instance,the2010 performance"Tables and Chairs"served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder,Micaya,in any introduction to DanceFest.A popular hip hop dance instructor,Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San Francisco newspaper once described her as"Best Dance Instructor".However,Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop.She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms.In1999she started DanceFest.It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere.To Micaya,competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression.One review said,Micaya's festival challenges us"to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be."Indeed,Micaya brings out the best in dancers,and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56.What is the passage mainly about?A.The creativity of hip hop.B.The characteristics and the history of DanceFest.C.The best instructor of hip hop.D.The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest.57.Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully but alsoA.dance on the outside of the boxB.give up drinking alcohol before dancingC.handle social problems with their danceD.show their technical dance skills in theaters58.By"dubious reputation"in the last paragraph,the author means hip hop back then.A.was forbidden in publicB.was considered something badC.received too much attentioncked creativity and competition59.What can be concluded about DanceFest?A.It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B.It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C.It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D.It is better respected than other dance festivals.60.The passage can most probably be found in the part"_____"in a school's admissions booklet.A.Application ProceduresB.Terms and ConditionsC.Frequently Asked QuestionsD.Acknowledgement and Declaration61.What can be learned about tuition fees?A.Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports.B.Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C.The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D.A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62.It can be inferred from the passage that_____A.a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB.the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC.both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil's place in the schoolD.the school's admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies(ICT)to the environment by2040,according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in2014,Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked,"What does software sustainability mean?"The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn't have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures,But his tools,at the time,mainly applied to hardware,not software.The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir,along with Ahmed Elmeligi,a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology).studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones,laptops,tablets,desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as2005.Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT,they also found that ICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation."For every text message,for every phone call,every video you upload or download.there's a data contract making this happen."Belkhir explains."Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels,It’s the energy consumption we don't see."Among all the devices,trends suggest that by2020,the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones.While smartphones consume little energy to operate,85%of their emissions impact comes from production.A smartphonc's chip and motherboard(芯片和主板)require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a high cost.Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste.Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now.The good news is Google and Facebook data ccntres are going to run on renewable energy.But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow.Also,it's not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smartphones."63.The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in2014was mentioned to____.A.explain the importance of software sustainabilityB.illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC.reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD.show Belkhir's student's crcativity and critical thinking64.One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020is that_______.A.they are more precious than other devicesB.they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC.they are frequently replaced by new modelsD.they need large amounts of energy to operate65.To reduce the emission of ICT,Lotfi Belkhir suggests that_____.A.longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB.sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphonesC.policies bc established to advocate everlasting smartphonesD.green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66.What is the main idea of the passage?A.ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B.Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C.Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D.ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by2040.Section CDirections:Read the following passage,Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist(水汽)in the air.The method,known as aeroponics,does not involve soil.Instead,plant roots hang in the air.The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria,but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular.(67)___________________Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria’s smart farmer.He and his team are growing cropswithout soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago in Abeokuta.Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria."Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires,we are not depending on seasons.So it's no longer seasonal farming.It is just farming anytime of the year,meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.(68)___________________It required financing of more than$180,000.And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming.It took a lot of effort to change people’s minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria,about30million hectares(公顷)of farmland is being use,instead of the78.5million hectares required for food security.In the north,only49percent of the land is fertile,a situation that worries traditional farmers.(69)___________________Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system,greatly increasing productivity.Philip Ojo is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council.He says the government welcomes new farming methods.Ojo noted that with aeroponics,farmers can quickly increase planting materials.So,his group strongly supports the technology.The agricultural industry represents about40percent of Nigeria’s economy.(70)___________________For now,most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity.They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time lo reflect on what we’re thankful for in life.Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special.But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years?Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier,happier humans and leaders.Emmons,through his research,found that grateful people reported feeling healthier,both mentally and physically.Specifically,those who were grateful were25percent happier than those who weren’t.In the workplace,well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement.Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by50percent,caring for your employees' well-being is simply the right thing to do.Providing programs that support managing life s everyday challenges,offering fitness classes o implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that,when paired with gratitude,can lead to more productive,engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving,fast-paced industry,I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better.Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life,and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships,both at work and in your personal life.People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes"It's never too late to say you're sorry."but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating365days a year.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into ing the words given in the brackets.72.出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2020上海崇明高三英语一模试卷附答案
2020上海崇明高三英语一模试卷附答案(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）1. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.A housewife. B. A fashion model.C. A shirt designer.D. A shop assistant.2. A.In a bank. B. In a school.C. Ina travel agency.D. In a stock exchange.3. A.It's not good enough.B.It’s none of the woman’s business,C. It’s not true.D.It's out of expectation.4. A. He decided to try a new barbershop.B.The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different personcut his hair this time.D. Anotherfriend also commented on his hair.5. A.The tipping rule in America.B. Importantaspects in American culture.C. The general tax ratein America.D. Tips onunderstanding American culture.6. A.She doesn’t know where it is.B. She'sangry with the man for forgetting it.C. She'd like the man toreturn it tomorrow.D. She didn'trealize the man had borrowed it.7. A.Book a hotel on the campus.B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. Call the local hotelsagain a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A.She took a history class last term.B. Shedoesn’t trust the mail.C. She didn’t l like hergeography professor.D. She won^ take any history classes.9. A.She doesn’t think it will snow.B.Themeeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has beencanceled.D.She MI be too tired to walk tothe meeting.10. A.He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn't plan to go skiing during springbreaks.D. lie doesn’t recommendgoing to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you willhear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be askedseveral questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will beread twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one isthe best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A.The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movietheaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food.B.It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular withtheater owners.D. It could spoil theluxurious atmosphere.13. A.The higher reputation of popcorn.B.The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of lessluxurious theaters.D. The improvementof popcorn smell.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson's publishing history and its futurein the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson^ salesin the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market toPearson’s digital publishing.15. A.Parts of Pearson have been sold.B. Pearsonhas been trying to save money.C. Some employees haveleft Pearson.D. Pearson’s newtextbooks have been costly.16. A.Their publishing time is more predictable.B. They are moreadaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updatedmore timely.D. 1 heir extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.15. A.Opening social media accounts.B. Postingpersonal photos online.C. Interacting with onlinefollowers.D. Finding friendships onsocial media.16. A.Essential. B. Impolite.C. Comfortable.D. Unwise.17. A.Urging people to make nice comments.B. Encouraging people tobecome volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping peopleestablish life-lasting friendships.18. A.The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant ofonline opportunities.C. The woman thinks itsafer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with onlinefriends.Ⅱ. Grammarand VocabularySection ADirections: After reading thepassage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blankwith the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Builtan App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）Formany teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork andspending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-borngirl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patientsalready.TheTimeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes withseveral important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facialrecognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identifypeople in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables auser to tap on photos to call or text a person.Theinspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect withtheir loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother startedforgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“Iwanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect)with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)________venture capitalists didn’t tak e her work seriously. Yang started acrowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project.That effort raised more than $10,000.Atpresent Yang works with an international team that includes a designer inCalifornia and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer ofKairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is nowYang’s adviser.Yangurged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because theteenagers of today will be tom orrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able tomake kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out thereand put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually findthat team of people.”Section BDirections: After reading thepassage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Eachword can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. drewB. allowedC. resultD. transformedE. physicalF. discoveredG. effort H. figure I. respectJ. fundamental K. mutualStephen Hawking: The ExtraordinaryScientist Who Changed Our Understanding of PhysicsTherearen’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking wasdefinitely one of them.Hawkingwas a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ howscientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, athe oretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleagueof Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__ something “trulyremarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking， physicists thought thatthe large gravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing couldescape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory ofrelativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way wethink about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) __34__ problem in theway physi cists understand our world一a problem that Krausssays has yet to be resolved.Buthis fame wasn’t just a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a raredisease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popularpublic____36____ and best-selling author. When he came to scientificconferences，the audience focused theirattention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public aswell who showed great __37__ for him. His popular book about his work, A BriefHistory of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probablythe least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.Thatsense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsonsseveral times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Towardthe end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.Itlook an enormous __39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements hecould make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achievedhis fame in spite of his __40__ challenges.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the followingpassage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in eachblank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Whatdid we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make ussmile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have nowproved that touching our favourite__41__ friendsgently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.Infindings published in A ERA Open —an open access journal published by theAmerican Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed thatthe general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highlystresseds howing ''significant” reduction in cortisol levels — a chemicalproduced by our bodies in limes of stress.Manyuniversities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs wherestudents can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing bothpsychological and physiological benefits now.Theresearch, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that petsimprove students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiologicalbenefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pen dry,an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.Thisis the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisollevels during a __46__ intervention (介入).Theteam chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups andcompared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group wereprovided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second groupwaited in line while __48__ others petting the animals. The third groupwatched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivarycortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the momentthey woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in thesaliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Manyuniversities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats ordogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__53 __ emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether thisexposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And itdid, which is __55__because the reductionof stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical andmenial health.”41. A. new B. furryC.closeD. personal42. A. endurance B.awarenessC. educationD. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus onC. interact withD. escape from44. A. presence B. performanceC. intelligenceD.perseverance45. A. potential B. problemC. chanceD. impact46. A. real-life B.part-timeC. first-rateD. high-quality47. A. responses B.exposuresC. contributionsD. approaches48. A. keeping B.preventingC. observingD. catching49. A. swear B. waitC. superviseD. appreciate50. A. samples B.levelsC. injectionsD. tips51. A. little B. harmoniousC. informalD. direct52. A. campaigns B.programsC. researchesD. majors53. A. complex B. intenseC. familiarD. positive54. A. subjective B.riskyC. mysteriousD.effective55. A. demanding B.challengingC. excitingD. disappointingSection BDirections: Read the followingthree passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passageyou have just read.(A)Everyyear，the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre inSan Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimentalworks of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the SanFrancisco International Hip Hop Dance-Fest celebrates 20 years of presentingelectrifying hip hop performances.EachDance-Fest has diversity (多样化）of style and group size,and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil toUganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive internationaltalent.Aftera long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for Dance-Fest.In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that thefestival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artiststhat think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or toaddress social issues are sure to sta nd out. For instance, the 2010 performance"Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholismon society.Itwould be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya，inany introduction to Dance-Fest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micayabegan producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a SanFrancisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.However.Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made ither goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms.In 1999 she started Dance-Fest. It was the first festival of its kind to honorthe creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya,competitive Riles leave little roomfor the magic that comes from trueexpression. One review said, Micaya's festival challenges us “to reconsiderjust how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings outthe best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. Whatis the passage mainly about?A. Thecreativity of hip hop.B. Thecharacteristics and the history of Dance-Fest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique Riles and the challenge ofDance-Fest.57. Hiphop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dance-fest if they can not onlydance skillfully but alsoA. danceon the outside of the boxB. give updrinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems withtheir danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters58. By“dubious reputation” in the last paragraph，the author means hip hop back then.A. wasforbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition59. Whatcan be concluded about Dance-Fest?A. Itis a competition for hip hop dancers.B.It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizinghip hop.D. It is better respected thanother dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School Policies The enrolment of a prospective pupi l to the School is subject to the Sch ool’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and procedures (i ncluding those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School from time to time 4. FeesSchool Fees are listed on the Fee S chedule and subject to variation from time to time. A full term’s tuition is payable for any term during whi ch the pupil is in attendance irrespe ctive of the number of days attende d. If tuition fees have not been pai d, they shall remain due and payable and the Refundable Deposit shall b e used to pay the tuition fees and t he parents / guardians remain respon sible for the rest.The School reserves the right to exc lude a pupil where tuition or other f ees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also keep ba ck any information, pupil reports or property in such circumstances.2. Withdrawal by Parent / Guardi anParents / Guardians shall give a mi nimum of 6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday wi ll be considered to have been receiv ed on the first day of the following session.3. Refundable DepositOn the offer of a place at the Scho ol, the Refundable Deposit becomes payable. This is to secure enrolment 5. Termination by the schoolThe school may terminate this agree ment when permanent exclusion or r emoval is required. The School shallat the School until the termly or a nnual fees have been paid. The Ref undable Deposit is refundable, and s hall be without interest and without taking into account changes in exch ange rates.not take such action without good cause and full consultation with par ents / guardians and the pupil. Paren ts / guardians have the right to app eal to the Orbital Education Internati onal Schools Development Officer on a decision to permanently exclude a pupil.60. Thepassage can most probably be found in the part “_______” in a schools admissionsbooklet.A. Application ProceduresB.Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration61. Whatcan be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuitionfees are usually paid after pupils gel their school reports.B. Tuitionfees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. Therefundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. Apupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. Itcan be inferred from the passage that_______.A. apupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a writtennoticeB. therefundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. boththe school and the guardian can determine the pupils place in the schoolD. the school’s admissions and entry policiesremain the same all these years(C)Datacentres and smart-phones will be the most damaging information andcommunications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to newresearch from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.Atthe end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a studenttaking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What doessoftware sustainability mean?” The Entreprene urship and Innovation AssociateProfessor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’thave an answer.Belkhirteaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can beapplied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied tohardware, not software.Thestudent's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissionsfootprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir,along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HINT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint ofconsumer devices such as smart-phones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well asdata centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were publishedin the Journal of Cleaner Production.Notonly did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICI, theyalso found that ICI has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and mostemissions come from production and operation.“Forevery text message, for every - phone call, every video you upload or download,there's a data centre making this happen.” Belkhir explains.'Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serveyou and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced bytraditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”Amongall the devices, ti*ends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to theenvironment are smart-phones. While smart-phones consume little energy tooperate. 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.Asmart-phone’s chip and motherboard (芯片牙口主板）require the most amountof energy to produce as they arc made up of precious metals that are mined at ahigh cost. Smart-phones also have a short life which drives further productionof new models and an extraordinary - amount of waste.Belkirhas made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communicationand data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Googleand Facebook data centres arc going to am on renewable energy. But there needsto be a policy in place so that all data centres follow. Also. It’s notsustainable to havea two-year plan for smart-phones.”63. Thestory between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to_______.A. explainthe importance of software sustainabilityB. illustratethe inspiration for Belkliir's latest researchC. revealthe damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. showBelcher’s student's creativity and critical thinking64. Onereason why smart-phones may be the most damaging devices of all to theenvironment by 2020 is that _______.A. they are more precious thanother devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption ofICTC. they are frequently replaced bynew modelsD. they need large amountsof energy to operate65. Toreduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _______.A. longerplans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainablematerials be invented to produce smart-phonesC. policiesbe established to advocate everlasting smart-phonesD. greenenergy be used to operate communication and data centres66. Whatis the main idea of the passage?A. ICTdoes greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Softwarecan do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Softwareis more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICTwill have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the followingpassage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence give n in the box. Eachsentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youneedA. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or muchland.E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweighany disadvantages.F. It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of landhave been made unfarmable.Growing Food from Air inNigeriaAgroup of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow cropsfrom mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known asaeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. Theroots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponicsis not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make thetechnique more popular. ______67______BiochemistSamson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria's smart farmer. He and his team aregrowing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started threeyears ago ill Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal foodscarcity in Nigeria. "Because we are the ones controlling everything thatthe plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonalfarming. It is just farming anytime of the year，meaning we can plantanytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.”________68________It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta werevery much against this non-traditional method of farming. It took a lot ofeffort to change peopled minds about aeroponics.TnNigeria, about 30 million hectares offarmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required for foodsecurity. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situationthat worries traditional farmers. ________69_________ Nutrients for the plantsare controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity.PhilipOjo is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council. Hesays the government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that withaeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his groupstrongly supports the technology.Theagricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria’s economy. _______70________ For now, most farmers lack the technicalknowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seedsto guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like SamsonOgbole are offering a new way forward.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the followingpassage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in nomore than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Giving ThanksThisis the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for inlife. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makesthe holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in theyears? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make ushealthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons,through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier,both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is acrucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promotingengagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who arc shown thatthey arc appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for youremployees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs thatsupport managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when pairedwith gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier workingprofessionals.Workingin an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious peoplewho are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon toreflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts bypaying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awarenessis a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitudeis a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in yourpersonal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing toforgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.Theold saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is trueof gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the followingsentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2020崇明英语一模（含答案）
2020崇明英语⼀模（含答案）崇明区2020届第⼀次⾼考模拟考试试卷英语(考试时间120分钟,满分140分,请将答案填写在答题纸上)L.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.A housewife. B.A fashion model.C.A shirt designer.D.A shop assistant.2.A.In a bank. B.In a school.C.In a travel agency.D.In a stock exchange3.A.It's not good enough. B.It's none of the woman's business.C.It's not true.D.It's out of expectation.4.A.He's decided to try a new barbershop.B.The woman mistook him for another guy.C.A different person cut his hair this time.D.Another friend also commented on his hair.5.A.The tipping rule in America.B.Important aspects in American culture.C.The general tax rate in America.D.Tips on understanding American culture.6.A.She doesn't know where it is.B.She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C.She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D.She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7.A.Book a hotel on the campus.B.Reserve a hotel a little far away.C.Call the local hotels again a few days later.D.Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8.A.She took a history class last term.B.She doesn't trust the man.C.She didn't like her geography professor.D.She won't take any history classes.9.A.She doesn't think it will snow.B.The meeting place has been changed.C.The meeting has been canceled.D.She'll be too tired to walk to the meeting.10.A.He is not an experienced skier at all.B.He has never been to Central Mountain.C.He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D.He doesn't recommend going to Central MountainSection BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B.The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C.The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D.The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12.A.It was considered an unhealthy food.B.It could lower the movie ticket prices.C.It was unpopular with theater owners.D.It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13.A.The higher reputation of popcorn.B.The increase of popcorn prices.C.The rise of less luxurious theaters.D.The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S.college market.B.Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S.college market.C.The reasons for the drop of Pearson's sales in the U.S.college market.D.The reaction of the U.S.college market to Pearson's digital publishing.15.A.Parts of Pearson have been sold.B.Pearson has been trying to save money.C.Some employees have left Pearson.D.Pearson's new textbooks have been costly.16.A.Their publishing time is more predictable.B.They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C.They will be updated more timely.D.Their extra learning tools will be free.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Opening social media accounts.B.Posting personal photos online.C.Interacting with online followers.D.Finding friendships on social media.18.A.Essential.B.Impolite./doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html fortable.D.Unwise.19.A.Urging people to make nice comments.B.Encouraging people to become volunteers.C.Providing people with job opportunities.D.Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20.A.The man is cautious about sharing online.B.The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C.The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D.The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word:for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer's Patients(⽼年痴呆症志者) For many teenagers,their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends.Not so for Emma Yang.Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only14,she(21)______ (create)her own mobile app for Alzheimer's patients already.The Timeless app.which Yang spent two years(22)_____(develop),comes with several important features.It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app(23)_____helps Alzheimer's patients identify people in photos and remember who they are.It also allows photos(24)_____(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book,which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer's patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of12,when her grandmother started forgetting things like(25)____she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay(26)____(connect)with her family,”Yang said.It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)____venture capitalists didn't take her work seriously.Yang started a crowd-funding campaign in March last year to support her Timeless app project.That effort raised more than USS10.000.At present.,Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne,Germany.The chief technology officer of Kairos,the AT company(28)____technology is used in the Timeless app,is now Yang's adviser.Yang urged other young.ambitious people to believe in(29)____because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow's leaders."Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,"she said.“(30)____ ____you get out there and put yourself out there,tell people about your idea and find out who's on board and can get behind it,you'll eventually find that team of people."Section BDirections:After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.drewB.allowedC.resultD.transformedE.physicalF.discoveredG.effortH.figureI.respectJ.fundamentalK.mutualStephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren't very many scientists who achieved rock star status,Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes31_____how scientists think about the nature of the/doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html wrence Krauss,a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's,says that at a young age,Hawking32______ something"truly remarkable".Krauss says before Hawking.physicists thought that the large gravity of a blackhole33____everything in and nothing could escape.But by combining quantum mechanics(量⼦⼒学)and the theory of relativity,Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity.Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n)34_____ problem in the way physicists understand our world-a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn't just a(n)35_____of his research.Hawking,who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak,was also a popular public36______and best-selling author.When he came to scientific conferences,the audience focused their attention on him.And it wasn't just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great37______for him.His popular book about his work,A Brief History of Time,was a best-seller.But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read,most-bought book ever.This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor,along with his fame,38______Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times-as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life,Hawking's disease left him almost paralyzed(瘫痪的).It took an enormous39_____for Hawking to communicate,using the tiny movements he could make.to control a computer.It's tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his40______ challenges.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. What did we do to deserve cats and dogs?Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis,scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite___41___friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open-an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association-last month,scientists showed that thegeneral___42___of students improves quickly,with even those who are highly stressed showing"significant"reduction in cortisol levels-a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted"Pet Your Stress Away"programs where students can___43___cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research,conducted by Washington State University(WSU),shows that pets improve students”moods,and their___44___has stress-relieving physiological benefits."Just10minutes can have a significant___45___,said Patricia Pendry,an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students'cortisol levels during a ___46___intervention(介⼊).The team chose249college students and put them into four random groups and compared the effects of different___47___to animals.The first group were provided10minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats.The second group waited in line while___48___others petting the animals.The third group watched a slideshow of the sameanimals,while the fourth group had to ___49___and was told they would be allowed to see the animals after10minutes.Salivary(唾液的)cortisol___50____were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning.There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had___51___interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these___52___where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education."We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals,and that it helps them experience more___53___emotions,"Dr Pendry said."What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less ___54___way.And it did,which is___55___because the reduction of stress chemicals may.over time,have significant benefits for physical and mental health."41.A.new B.furry C.close D.personal42.A.endurance B.awareness /doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html cation D.well-being43.A.glance at B.focus on C.interact with D.escape from44.A.presence B.performance C.intelligence D.perseverance45.A.potential B.problem C.chance D.impact46.A.real-life B.part-time C.first-rate D.high-quality47.A.responses B.exposures C.contributions D.approaches48.A.keeping B.preventing C.observing D.catching49.A.swear B.wait C.supervise D.appreciate50.A.samples B.levels C.injections D.tips51.A.little B.harmonious /doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html rmal D.direct52.A.campaigns B.programs C.researches D.majors/doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html plex B.intense C.familiar D.positive54.A.subjective B.risky C.mysterious D.effective55.A.demanding B.challenging C.exciting D.disappointingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that firs best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year,the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers.They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common-hip hop.This weekend the San Francisco Intentional Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates20years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each DanceFest has diversity(多样化)of style and group size,and a balance of local and out-of-town companies.From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic,the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process,only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest.In fact,outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for.They look for much more-groups or artists that think outside the box.Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out.For instance,the2010 performance"Tables and Chairs"served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder,Micaya,in any introduction to DanceFest.A popular hip hop dance instructor,Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San Francisco newspaper once described her as"Best Dance Instructor".However,Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop.She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other danceforms.In1999she started DanceFest.It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere.To Micaya,competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression.One review said,Micaya's festival challenges us"to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be."Indeed,Micaya brings out the best in dancers,and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56.What is the passage mainly about?A.The creativity of hip hop.B.The characteristics and the history of DanceFest.C.The best instructor of hip hop.D.The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest.57.Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully but alsoA.dance on the outside of the boxB.give up drinking alcohol before dancingC.handle social problems with their danceD.show their technical dance skills in theaters58.By"dubious reputation"in the last paragraph,the author means hip hop back then.A.was forbidden in publicB.was considered something badC.received too much attention/doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html cked creativity and competition59.What can be concluded about DanceFest?A.It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B.It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C.It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D.It is better respected than other dance festivals.60.The passage can most probably be found in the part"_____"in a school's admissions booklet.A.Application ProceduresB.Terms and ConditionsC.Frequently Asked QuestionsD.Acknowledgement and Declaration61.What can be learned about tuition fees?A.Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports.B.Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C.The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D.A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62.It can be inferred from the passage that_____A.a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB.the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC.both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil's place in the schoolD.the school's admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies(ICT)to the environment by2040,according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in2014,Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked,"What does software sustainability mean?"The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn't have an answer. Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures,But his tools,at the time,mainly applied to hardware,not software. The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir,along with Ahmed Elmeligi,a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology).studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones,laptops,tablets,desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as2005.Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT,they also found that ICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation."For every text message,for every phone call,every video you upload or download.there's a data contract making this happen."Belkhir explains."Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels,It’s the energy consumption we don't see."Among all the devices,trends suggest that by2020,the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones.While smartphones consume little energy to operate,85%of their emissions impact comes from production.A smartphonc's chip and motherboard(芯⽚和主板)require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a highcost.Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste.Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now.The good news is Google and Facebook data ccntres are going to run on renewable energy.But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow.Also,it's not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smartphones."63.The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in2014was mentioned to____.A.explain the importance of software sustainabilityB.illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC.reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD.show Belkhir's student's crcativity and critical thinking64.One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020is that_______.A.they are more precious than other devicesB.they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC.they are frequently replaced by new modelsD.they need large amounts of energy to operate65.To reduce the emission of ICT,Lotfi Belkhir suggests that_____.A.longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB.sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphonesC.policies bc established to advocate everlasting smartphonesD.green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66.What is the main idea of the passage?A.ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B.Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C.Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D.ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by2040.Section CDirections:Read the following passage,Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist(⽔汽)in the air.The method,known as aeroponics,does not involve soil.Instead,plant roots hang in the air.The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria,but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular.(67)___________________Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria’s smart farmer.He and his team are growing cropswithout soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago in Abeokuta.Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria."Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires,we are not depending on seasons.So it's no longer seasonal farming.It is just farming anytime of the year,meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.(68)___________________It required financing of more than$180,000.And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming.It took a lot of effort to change people’s minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria,about30million hectares(公顷)of farmland is being use,instead of the78.5million hectares required for food security.In the north,only49percent of the land is fertile,a situation that worries traditional farmers.(69)___________________Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system,greatly increasing productivity.Philip Ojo is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council.He says the government welcomes new farming methods.Ojo noted that with aeroponics,farmers can quickly increase planting materials.So,his group strongly supports the technology.The agricultural industry represents about40percent of Nigeria’s economy.(70)___________________For now,most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity.They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more/doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html e your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time lo reflect on what we’re thankful for in life.Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special.But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years?Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier,happier humans and leaders. Emmons,through his research,found that grateful people reported feeling healthier,both mentally and physically.Specifically,those who were grateful were25percent happier than those who weren’t.In the workplace,well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement.Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by50percent,caring for your employees' well-being is simply the right thing to do.Providing programs that support managing life s everyday challenges,offering fitness classes o implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that,when paired with gratitude,can lead to more productive,engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving,fast-paced industry,I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better.Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future.It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life,and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships,both at work and in your personal life.People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes"It's never too late to say you're sorry."but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating365days a year.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into /doc/5a69f80074c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4bf8.html ing the words given in the brackets.72.出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
崇明2019届高三英语一模试卷
崇明区2019届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a charity shop. B. In a laundry. C. In a dormitory. D. In a clothing store.2. A. $114. B. $86. C. $14. D. $43.3. A. A librarian. B. A secretary. C. A reporter. D. An accountant.4. A. Purchase some ingredients. B. Give the man instructions for the soup.C. Check to see if the soup is ready.D. Write down the directions to the supermarket.5. A. Chocolate is his favourite flavour. B. There’s no more chocolate pudding left.C. He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding.D. He’s already tasted the chocolate pudding.6. A.S he hasn’t called the travel agency yet. B. She doesn’t know when her semester ends.C. The man may have to reschedule his trip.D. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.7. A. Get a ticket from his sister. B. Help his sister out of her conflict.C. Go to the concert with his sister.D. Get a schedule of future performances.8. A. Meet his advisor. B. Track his adviser.C. Adjust his course schedule.D. Follow his course schedule as advised.9. A. He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.B. He’s decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.C. He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.D. He’s already planning to enter for next year’s essay contest.10. A. The man can use her electronic dictionary.B. The man should buy a new paper dictionary.C. She can show the man how to use the dictionary.D. She will work more efficiently with his dictionary.文案大全Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Napping may help prevent seniors’ memory loss.B. Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically.C. Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap.D. Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world.12. A. They are afraid of becoming lazy. B. They don’t think napping is common.C. They are too energetic to need a nap.D. They don’t want to be considered weak.13. A. Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders.B. Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities.C. Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of money.D. Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours.B. A growth in complaints about neighbours.C. The increasing noises made by neighbours.D. Different views on relations between neighbours.15. A. Selfish attitudes. B. High immigration.C. More crowded space.D. Unwillingness to socialize.16. A. We ought to understand the instances better.B. Explanations for the instances have increased.C. It’s easier to make complaints on TV channels.D. The problem can be viewed from another angle.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The place to buy soap. B. The plans to survive on the campus.C. The way to use drying machines.D. The steps to wash clothes with machines.18. A. It can promote bacteria growth. B. It can produce dirt in the clothes.C. It can be a waste of water and soap.D. It can leave bubbles in the machine.19. A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed.文案大全20. A. The woman’s mother seldom does things for her.B. American kids become independent even before ten.C. The man and the woman are from different countries.D. In the eye of the man’s mother, independence is important.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Electric Bike Ban in New Y ork Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but some can go much (21)_____ (fast).(22)_____ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason (23)_____ the ban. Last year, the city announced severe measures (24)_____ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ the riders responsible.E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)_____ also seize the bikes.Many of New York’s delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours (26)_____ (earn) enough money to live on.Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)_____ their job also depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food, which makes the workers’ supervisors angry.Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union. He says (28)_____ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers.Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)_____ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)_____ e-bikes present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being safe.文案大全Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.People Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there’s no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A new study has found that restaurant 31 who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their 32 of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet (自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the 33 at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were asked to 34 how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment 35 that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they 36 . However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study 37 at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of 38 behaviour at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you 39 the experience.” He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quali ty and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) 40 study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories (卡路里) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer. This flight-disturbing 41 is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have far-reaching 42 —including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing 文案大全long-term declines in agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline 43 .National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have been designed for the climate in which it all developed. In the aviation (航空) industry, airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced 44 . Because the climate is changing, even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be 45 .As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect 46 around the world. We’ve found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more frequent takeoff weight 47 in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircraft’s weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed.There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago. And if we 48 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes is projected to increase dramatically.The 49 on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them at risk of more frequent 50 as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high-altitude(高海拔的) winds. Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings, potentially increasing fuel 51 .Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously 52 the effects of climate change. The sooner, the better: Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades, and have 53 effects. Today’s newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their 54 are being designed now. The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less costly adaptations can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also 55 it.41. A. scheme B. heat C. shift D. mess42. A. contributions B. confusions C. feedbacks D. consequences43. A. pilots B. reservations C. costs D. accidents44. A. historically B. enormously C. fundamentally D. domestically45. A. retested B. implemented C. prospected D. reengineered46. A. travels B. developments C. flights D. communications文案大全47. A. disorders B. gains C. bans D. restrictions48. A. happen B. fail C. aim D. promise49. A. taxes B. effects C. viewpoints D. comments50. A. flooding B. rotting C. repairing D. transferring51. A. standard B. efficiency C. distribution D. consumption52. A. consider B. avoid C. maximize D. demonstrate53. A. greater B. different C. lasting D. direct54. A. airports B. products C. contracts D. replacements55. A. sneezing at B. responding to C. resulting in D. recovering fromSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future. Yes, we have an annual vaccine (疫苗), and everyone qualified should get it without question. The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine.In the U.S. alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communities.Why not? We haven’t been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us.The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S. health care system could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak.The cost of preventing epidemics (流行病) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with them when they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded.The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as headlines about the flu are gone, 文案大全hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual.Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu. They need your quick and decisive support to succeed. Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones.56. The problem of the current flu vaccines is that _____.A. they are not available every yearB. most Americans are not allowed to get themC. not everyone is qualified for themD. many people still catch flu after getting them57. What does the author mean by “continued foot dragging” in Paragraph 4?A. Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks.B. The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu.C. Individuals aren’t alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention.D. Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future.58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu.B. The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases.C. The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention.D. Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu.59. The author wrote the passage mainly to _____.A. teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB. call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC. encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccinesD. urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu（B）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form. If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see “How to fill in yourTax Free Forms”.Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure.Remember no refund without:♦CompletedForm ♦Receiptsattached♦Customsvalidation (验证)文案大全At the point of departureFor non-EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked-in luggage:1. Check your luggage in at the check-in counter; tell the check-in clerk you need it back for Customspurposes.2. Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.3. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service provider.Goods carried in hand luggage:1. Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped.Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airportbefore you finally leave the EU.2. Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund serviceprovider.Allow time for the refund process. Go to Customs before or after check-in, see Refund Office list. Presentyour completed Tax Free Forms, receipts, passport, and purchased items to get a stamp.Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo (标识). Receive your refund paid to your creditcard within five days or in cash.In a rush? Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelopeprovided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks.* EU: European Union60. Whom is the above information intended for?A. EU residents who want to get their tax refunded.B. Non-EU residents who are going to travel in EU.C. EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms.D. Non-EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases.61. To get your tax refund, you need to _____ after having your luggage checked in if you’ve put yourpurchased goods in your check-in luggage.A. show your purchased goods to the check-in clerkB. cash in your stamped Form at the check-in counterC. take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD. go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage文案大全62. What can be learned from the passage?A. It’s a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund.B. It’s unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp.C. You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry.D. You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter.（C）A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or AI, made a historicappearance on the auction (拍卖) block at Christie’s in New York Citythis week. It is the first artwork created by an algorithm(算法) to beoffered for auction in the world of fine art.The odd-looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left theauction block at Christie’s for $432,500 on Oct. 25 in New York City.The portrait—designed in the “Old Master” style of European fineartists from centuries ago—appears to represent a man with a vague face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century.Of course, a computer didn’t automatically pick up a brush and become an artist. The AI that created the image had human programmers—a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie’s reported. Their cooperation, titled “Portrait of Edmond De Belamy,” is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch $7,000 to $10,000, according to Christie’s.To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15,000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries, to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art, Obvious artist Hugo Caselles-Dupré told Christie’s. The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other, called the Generator (that makes the art) and a Discriminator (that tries to spot the difference between human-created and AI-created images), Caselles-Dupré explained; they called this AI “generative adversarial network” (GAN), Caselles-Dupré explained.GAN’s final image was then printed and framed, according to Obvious. At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula(公式) representing the algorithm that created it, a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator, Obvious artists wrote on the collective’s website.The goal of the painting and of Obvious, also co-founded by Hugo Caselles-Dupré and Gauthier Vernier, was to prove “artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing—it can be creative,” Consumer News and Business Channel reported.Portraiture is a tough task for AI to take on, according to Christie’s, “since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be.” This difficulty was part of Obvious’ thinking when they created the portrait.“Edmond de Belamy” is one of eleven AI paintings made by Obvious.文案大全63. It can be learned from the passage that the portrait “Edmond de Belamy” _____.A. was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB. was the first artwork sold at an auctionC. is a painting created by means of brushD. is a man who once appeared at the auction64. To create a portrait, AI needs to _____.A. learn from plenty of imagesB. use an algorithm with many partsC. work against human paintersD. recognize its human programmers65. What can be concluded from the passage?A. The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless.B. The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity.C. It is more difficult for AI to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait.D. AI is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human.66. The passage mainly tells us that _____.A. AI will soon replace man in some fieldsB. an AI-created portrait sells high at an auctionC. a proper algorithm is the key for AI to create artD. AI-created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.文案大全and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years, and has noted some improvement. But Gearhart says there is still work to be done.“There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles,” he said. “Since these chemicals are no t regulated, consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face.”68 Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches, dizziness, etc., depending on the sensitivity of an individual.According to the US Environmental Protection Agency, continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system—or even cancer.69The danger is the greatest when the car is new, and that new car smell is most noticeable. 70It is the release of chemical vapours, which leads to the smell. Heat from a vehicle left in the sun can make matters worse, and speed up the chemical reaction. The danger is reduced over time, and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months.Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated (通风的), especially during the first six months of ownership. Park in the shade with the windows open when it’s safe to do so, or at leas t try to air it out before getting inside—especially on hot days.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Take Care of Your Spine (脊柱)The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Therefore, it’s important to take care of it.Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn’t comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day.Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically. Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions. Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises文案大全like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine.Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement (补充物). Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应。
崇明2020届高三英语一模试卷（含答案）
崇明区2020届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model. C. A shirt designer. D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school. C. In a travel agency. D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It’s not good enough. B. It’s none of the woman’s business.C. It’s not true.D. It’s out of expectation.4. A. He’s decided to try a new barbershop. B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America. B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn’t know where it is. B. She’s angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She’d like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn’t realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus. B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. C all the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term. B. She doesn’t trust the man.C. S he didn’t like her geography professor.D. She won’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow. B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She’ll be too ti red to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.高三英语共19页第1页Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food. B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn. B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.14. A. Pearson’s planB. Pearson’s publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson’s sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold. B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable. B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. Their extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18. A. Essential. B. Impolite. C. Comfortable. D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments. B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.高三英语共19页第2页A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’sPatients (老年痴呆症患者) For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time withfriends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)_____ (create) herown mobile app for Alzheimer’s patientsalready.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)_____ (develop), comes with several importantfeatures. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)_____ helps patients identify people in photos and remember who they are.It also allows photos Alzheimer’s(24)_____ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a userto tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspi ration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)_____ shelived and Yang’s birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)_____ (connect) with-prepared to undertake, (27)_____ venture capitalistsher family,” Yang said. It was a task she was welldidn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowdfunding campaign in March last year to support herTimeless app project. That effort raised more than US$10,000.At present, Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and adeveloper in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)_____technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)_____ because the teenagers of today“Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,” she will be tomorrow’s leaders.(30)_____ _____ _____ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your ideasaid. “and find out who’s on board and can get behind it, you’ll eventually find that team of people. Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. drewB. allowedC. resultD. transformedE. physicalF. discoveredG. effort H. figure I. respect J. fundamental K. mutualStephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitelyone of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes 31 how scientiststhink about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State32 somethingUniversity and a friend and colleague of Hawking’s, says that at a young age, Hawking高三英语共19页第3页“truly remarkable”. Krausssays before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a blackhole 33 everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学) and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the waywe think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) 34 problem in the wayphysicists understand our world—a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) 35 of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that madeit impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public 36 and best-selling author.When he came to scientific conferences, the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasnthe scientists but the general public as well who showed great 37 for him. His popular book abouthis work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably theleast-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking’s sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, 38 Hawking to appear on The Simpsons severaltimes—as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost paralyzed(瘫痪的). It took anenormous 39 for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control ay that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his 40 challenges.computer. It’s tempting to saIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on adaily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite41 friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open—an open access journal published by the AmericanEducational Research Association—last month, scientists showed that the general 42 of studentsimproves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing “significant” reduction in cortiso levels—a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.43Many universities have adopted “Pet Your Stress Away” programs where students cancats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students’ moods, and their 44 has stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have asaid Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU’s Department of Humansignificant 45 ,” Development.46This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students’ cortisol levels during a高三英语共19页第4页intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into four random groups and compared theeffects of different 47 to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interactionwith dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while 48 others petting the animals. Thethird group watched a slideshow of the same animals, while the fourth group had to 49 and wastold they would be allowed to see the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary (唾液的) cortisol 50 were collected from each participant starting from the momentthey woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had51 interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these 52 where students can interact with cats or dogs to helprelieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more 53 emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less 54 way. Andit did, which is 55 because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significantbenefits for physical and mental health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. wellbeing43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.高三英语共19页第5页(A)Every year, the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They cometo take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the SanFrancisco International Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each DanceFest has diversity (多样化) of style and group size, and a balance of local andout-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival hasdrawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest. In fact,outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for.They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in atheatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performancealcoholism on society.“Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects ofIt would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya, in any introduction toDanceFest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows inthe heart of San Francisco in 1993. Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much thata San Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”．However, Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it hergoal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she startedDanceFest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in anon-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comesfrom true expression. One review said, Micaya’s festival challenges us “to reconsider just how d and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of DanceFest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest.57. Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully butalso _____.A. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theatersdubious reputation” in the last paragraph, the author means hip hop _____ back then.58. By “A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition高三英语共19页第6页高三英语共19页第7页59. What can be concluded about DanceFest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School Policies The enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School is subject to the School ’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and procedures (including those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School from time to time. 4. FeesSchool Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and subject to variation from time to time. A fullterm ’s tuitionis payable for any term during which the pupil is in attendance irrespective of thenumber of days attended. If tuition fees have notbeen paid, they shall remain due and payable andthe Refundable Deposit shall be used to pay thetuition fees and the parents / guardians remain responsible for the rest.The School reserves the right to exclude a pupil where tuition or other fees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also keep back any information, pupil reports or property in suchcircumstances.2. Withdrawal by Parent / Guardian Parents / Guardians shall give a minimum of 6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following session.3. Refundable Deposit On the offer of a place at the School, the Refundable Deposit becomes payable. This is to secure enrolment at the School until the termly orannual fees have been paid. The RefundableDeposit is refundable, and shall be without interest and without taking into account changes in exchange rates. 5. Termination by the schoolThe School may terminate this agreement when permanent exclusion or removal is required. The School shall not take such action without good cause and full consultation with parents / guardians and the pupil. Parents / guardians have the right to appeal to the Orbital Education International Schools Development Officer on adecision to permanently exclude a pupil.60. The passage can most probably be found in the part“_____” in a school ’s admissions book A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration61. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil’s place in the schoolD. the school’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School’s Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?”The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practiceand Technology didn’t have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.latest research on the global emissions footprint of question inspired Belkhir’sThe student’sinformation and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT (Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT, they also found thatICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“For every text message, for every phone call, every video you upload or download, therecentre making this happen.”Belkhir explains. “Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuel s. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”高三英语共19页第8页Among all the devices, trends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones. While smartphones consume little energy to operate, 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.chip and motherboard (芯片和主板) require the most amount of energy toA smartphone’sproduce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a high cost. Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste.Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings.“Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to run on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policynot sustainable to have a two-year plan for in place so that all data centres follow. Also, it’ssmartphones.”63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to _____.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir’s latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belkhir’s student’s creativity and critical thinking64. One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020is that _____.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _____.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smartphonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.高三英语共19页第9页A.But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B.The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C.Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D.Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.E.Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.F.It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been madeunfarmable.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in theair. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the techniquemore popular. 67Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria’s smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago in Abeokuta.Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. “Because we are the onesno longercontrolling everything that the plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’sseasonal farming. It is just farming anytime of the year, meaning we can plant anytime of the year, andwe can harvest anytime of the year.”68 It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta werevery much against this non-traditional method of farming.I t took a lot of effort to change people’sminds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares (公顷) of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 millionhectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situation thatworries traditional farmers. 69 Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system,greatly increasing productivity.National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the Philip Ojo is director general of Nigeria’sgovernment welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quicklyincrease planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology.economy.70 For The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria’snow, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access tohigh-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole areoffering a new way forward.高三英语共19页第10页IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we’re thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should welimit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren’t. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life’s everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what’s going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,”but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
崇明2020届高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
崇明区2020届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model. C. A shirt designer. D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school. C. In a travel agency. D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It’s not good enough. B. It’s none of the woman’s business.C. It’s not true.D. It’s out of expectation.4. A. He’s decided to try a new barbershop. B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America. B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn’t know where it is. B. She’s angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She’d like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn’t realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus. B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. C all the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term. B. She doesn’t trust the man.C. S he didn’t like her geography professor.D. She won’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow. B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She’ll be too ti red to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn’t plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. He doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.高三英语共19页第1页Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food. B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn. B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Pearson’s plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson’s publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson’s sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold. B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable. B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. Their extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18. A. Essential. B. Impolite. C. Comfortable. D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments. B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.高三英语共19页第2页A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s Patients (老年痴呆症患者)For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)_____ (create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)_____ (develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)_____ helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are.It also allows photos (24)_____ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspi ration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)_____ she lived and Yang’s birthday.“I wanted to create something to help pe ople like my grandmother stay (26)_____ (connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27)_____ venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowdfunding campaign in March last year to support her Timeless app project. That effort raised more than US$10,000.At present, Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)_____ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)_____ because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders.“Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,” she said. “(30)_____ _____ _____ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it, you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Stephen Hawking: The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of Physics There aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes 31 how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking’s, says that at a young age, Hawking 32 something高三英语共19页第3页“truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole 33 everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学) and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) 34 problem in the way physicists understand our world—a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) 35 of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public 36 and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences, the audienc e focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great 37 for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking’s sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, 38 Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times—as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s di sease left him almost paralyzed(瘫痪的). It took an enormous 39 for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his 40 challenges.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite 41 friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open—an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association—last month, scientists showed that the general 42 of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly stressed showing “significant” reduction in cortis ol levels—a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted “Pet Your Stress Away” programs where students can 43 cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students’ moods, and their 44 has stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant 45 ,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU’s Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students’ cortisol levels during a 46高三英语共19页第4页intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into four random groups and compared the effects of different 47 to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while 48 others petting the animals. The third group watched a slideshow of the same animals, while the fourth group had to 49 and was told they would be allowed to see the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary (唾液的) cortisol 50 were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had 51 interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these 52 where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already k new that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more 53 emotions,” Dr Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less 54 way. And it did, which is 55 because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. wellbeing43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. first-rate D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.高三英语共19页第5页(A)Every year, the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San Francisco International Hip Hop DanceFest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each DanceFest has diversity (多样化) of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for DanceFest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance “Tables and Chairs” s erved to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya, in any introduction to DanceFest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993. Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.However, Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she started DanceFest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive rules leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya’s festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of DanceFest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique rules and the challenge of DanceFest.57. Hip hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dancefest if they can not only dance skillfully butalso _____.A. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters58. By “dubious reputation” in the last paragraph, the author means hip hop _____ back then.A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition高三英语共19页第6页59. What can be concluded about DanceFest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_____” in a school’s admissions booklet.A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration高三英语共19页第7页61. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils get their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. The refundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. the refundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupil’s place in the schoolD. the school’s admissions and entr y policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smartphones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School’s Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?”The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’t have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.The stu dent’s question inspir ed Belkhir’s latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HiNT (Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICT, they also found that ICT has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“For every text message, for every phone call, every video you upload or download, there’s a data centre making this happen.”Belkhir explains. “Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”高三英语共19页第8页Among all the devices, trends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smartphones. While smartphones consume little energy to operate, 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.A smartphone’s chip and motherboard (芯片和主板) require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at a high cost. Smartphones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary amount of waste.Belkir has made policy recommendations based on his findings.“Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to run on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow. Also, it’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smartphones.”63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to _____.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir’s latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belkhir’s student’s creativity and critical thinking64. One reason why smartphones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020is that _____.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _____.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smartphonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smartphonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.高三英语共19页第9页Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular. 67Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria’s smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago in Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. “Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonal farming. It is just farming anytime of the year, meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest any time of the year.”68 It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming.I t took a lot of effort to change people’s minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares (公顷) of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. 69 Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity.Philip Ojo is director general of Nigeria’s National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology.The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria’s economy.70 For now, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.高三英语共19页第10页IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we’re thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren’t. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life’s everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges you to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what’s going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,”but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredientsB．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．D．He's already tasted the chocolate pudding．6．（1.5分）A．She hasn't called the travel agency yet．B．She doesn't know when her semester ends．C．The man may have to reschedule his trip．D．The man should take his vacation somewhere else．7．（1.5分）A．Get a ticket from his sister．B．Help his sister out of her conflict．C．Go to the concert with his sister．D．Get a schedule of future performances．8．（1.5分）A．Meet his advisor．B．Track his adviserC．Adjust his course scheduleD．Follow his course schedule as advised．9．（1.5分）A．He has already paid his landlord for next year's rent．B．He's decided how he's going to spend the prize money．C．He doesn't know how much his rent is going to increase．D．He's already planning to enter for next year's essay contest 10．（1.5分）A．The man can use her electronic dictionary．B．The man should buy a new paper dictionary．C．She can show the man how to use the dictionaryD．She will work more efficiently with his dictionary．11．（4.5分）（1）A．Napping may help prevent seniors' memory loss B．Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically．C．Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap．D．Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world．（2）A．They are afraid of becoming lazy．B．They don't think napping is common．C．They are too energetic to need a nap．D．They don't want to be considered weak．（3）A．Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders．B．Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities．C．Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of moneyD．Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms 12．（4.5分）（1）A．A recent survey on unfriendly neighbours．B．A growth in complaints about neighbours．C．The increasing noises made by neighbours．D．Different views on relations between neighbours．（2）A．Selfish attitudes．B．High immigration．C．More crowded space．D．Unwillingness to socialize．（3）A．We ought to understand the instances better．B．Explanations for the instances have increased．C．It's easier to make complaints on TV channels．D．The problem can be viewed from another angle．13．（6分）（1）A．The place to buy soap．B．The plans to survive on the campus．C．The way to use drying machines．D．The steps to wash clothes with machines（2）A．It can promote bacteria growth．B．It can produce dirt in the clothes．C．It can be a waste of water and soap．D．It can leave bubbles in the machine（3）A．Excited．B．Shocked．C．DisappointedD．Embarrassed（4）A．The woman's mother seldom does things for her．B．American kids become independent even before ten．C．The man and the woman are from different countries．D．In the eye of the man's mother，independence is important．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bieycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend onthem to earn a living．Many of the workers are immigrants．Electric bicycles，or "e﹣bikes，" look like regular bicycles，but they have electric﹣powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward．Most e﹣bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour，but some can go much （1）（fast）．（2）it is legal to own e﹣bikes in New York City，it is not legal to operate them．Officials there consider the dangerous use of e﹣bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason （3）the ban．Last year，the city announced severe measures （4）（mean）to hold e﹣bike riders and restaurant that employ the riders responsible．E﹣bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban．The police （5）also seize the bikes．Many of New York's delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s．Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours （6）（earn）enough money to live on．Delivery worker Deging Lian said it is important to perform quality work （7）their job also depends on tips．He added that when delivery workers are too slow，some people refuse to pay for the food，which makes the workers' supervisors angry．Ligiang Liu is an e﹣bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union．He says （8）（catch）breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers．Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project，（9）provides assistance to bicycle ﹣related workers in New York City．He says the city's ban on e﹣bikes is unfairly targeting low﹣paid workers who largely come from the city's Latino and Asian communities．He does not accept the argument （10）e﹣bikes present a danger to citizens．However，many New Yorkers are quick to blame e﹣bike riders for not being safe．Section BDirections：After reading the passage below，fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word morethan you need.15．（3分）A．overate B．precious C．rate D．researchersE．impression F．previous G．presentedH．interpret I．goers J．revealed K．consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there's no such thing as a free lunch，but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal，it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal，according to scientists．A new study has found that restaurant （1）who pay more for their meals thinkthe food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price．The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their （2）of how food tastes．Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffer （自助餐）in a restaurant．The price of the food was set by the （3）at either ﹩4 or ﹩8 for the all﹣you﹣can﹣eat meal．Customers were asked to （4）how good the food tasted，the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names．The experiment （5）that the people who paid ﹩8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the "cheaper" buffet．Interestingly those that paid for the ﹩4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they （6）．However，the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity of food in total，according to the study （7）at the Experimental Biology meeting this week．Brian Wansink，a professor of （8）behaviour at the university，said："We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats，but a huge impact on how you （9）the experience．" He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals．In a（n）（10）study，scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories （卡路里）than people who eat in brightly lit areas．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer．This flight﹣disturbing （1）is a warning sign．Climate change is projected to have far﹣reaching （2）﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long﹣term declines in agricultural production．And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft with potential effects on airline （3）．National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have beer﹣designed for the climate in which it all developed．In the aviation （航空）industry，airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced （4）Because the climate is changing even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be （5）As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world，our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect （6）around the world．We've found that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more fre quent takeoff weight （7）in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures，which can help reduce the aircraft's weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed．There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago．And if we （8）to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades，the frequency and intensity or these extremes is projected to increase dramatically．The （9）on aviation may be widespread．Many airports are built near sea level，puttingthem at risk of more frequent （10）as oceans rise．The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high﹣altitude （高海拔的）winds．Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths and routings，potentially increasing fuel （11）．Many departments of the economy，including the aviation industry，have yet to seriously （12）the effects of climate change．The sooner，the better：Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades，and have （13）effects．Today's newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years，and their （14）are being designed now．The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated，the more effective and less costly adaptations can be．Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate﹣altering emissions across the aviation industry，which would help reduce the problem while also （15）it．（1）A．scheme B．heat C．shift D．mess（2）A．contributions B．confusion C．feedbacks D．consequences （3）A．pilots B．reservations C．costs D．accidents（4）A．historically B．enormously C．fundamentally D．domestically （5）A．retested B．implemented C．prospected D．reengineered （6）A．travels B．developments C．flights D．communications （7）A．disorders B．gains C．bans D．restrictions （8）A．happen B．fail C．aim D．promise（9）A．taxes B．effects C．viewpoints D．comments（10）A．flooding B．rotting C．repairing D．transferring （11）A．standard B．efficiency C．distribution D．consumption （12）A．consider B．avoid C．maximize D．demonstrate （13）A．greater B．different C．lasting D．direct（14）A．airports B．products C．contracts D．replacements （15）A．sneezing at B．responding to D．recovering from C．resulting in Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Flu is killing us．The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face，let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future．Yes，we have an annual vaccine （疫苗），and everyone qualified should get it without question．The reality，however，is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines．And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years．We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine．In the U．S．alone，seasonal flu can cause up to 36million infections，three﹣quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56，000 deaths．We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves，our loved ones and our communitiesWhy not？We haven't been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time．So as individuals，we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us．The risk of continued foot dragging is huge．In a severe widespread disease，the U．S．health care system could be defeated in just weeks．Millions of people would be infected by the virus，and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak．The cost of preventing epidemics （流行病）is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with themwhen they hit．In 2012， a call was issued for an annual billion﹣dollar U．S．commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine．Six years later，the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded．The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction．As soon as headlines about the flu are going to hospitals are emptied of flu patients，and school and workplace absence rates decline，we go back to business as usual．Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much safer from flu．They need your quick and decisive support to succeed．Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones（1）The problem of the current flu vaccines is that．A．they are not available every yearB．most Americans are not allowed to get themC．not everyone is qualified for themD．many people still catch flu after getting them（2）What does the author mean by "continued foot dragging" in Paragraph 4？A．Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks．B．The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu．C．Individuals aren't alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention．D．Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future．（3）What can be inferred from the passage？A．Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu．B．The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases．C．The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention．D．Developing a universal flu vaccine will cost more than dealing with flu．（4）The author wrote the passage mainly to．A．teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB．call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC．encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccineD．urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu18．（6分）How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form．If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card，see "How to fil in your Tax Free Forms"．Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure．Remember no refund without：Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation （验证）At the point of departureFor non﹣EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked﹣in luggage：1．Check your luggage in at the check﹣in counter，tell the check﹣in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes．2．Take the labelled luggage to Customs，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped3．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service providerGoods carried in hand luggage：1．Go to Customs after passport control，show the goods，and have your Tax Free Forms stamped．Please note：Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU．2．Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider．Allow time for the refund process．Go to Customs before or after check﹣in，see Refund Office list．Present your completed Tax Free Forms，receipts，passport，and purchased items to get a stamp．Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo （标识）．Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash．In a rush？Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks．*EU：European Union（1）Whom is the above information intended for？A．EU residents who want to get their tax refunded．B．Non﹣EU residents who are going to travel in EU．C．EU residents who have Global Blue Tax Free Forms．D．Non﹣EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases．（2）To get your tax refund，you need to after having your luggage checked in if you've put your purchased goods in your check﹣in luggage．A．show your purchased goods to the check﹣in clerkB．cash in your stamped Form at the check﹣in counter．C．take back your luggage to the Customs to get a stampD．go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage（3）What can be learned from the passage？A．It's a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund．B．It's unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp．C．You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry．D．You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter．19．（8分）A portrait created by artificial intelligence，or Al，made a historic appearance on the auction （拍卖）block at Christie's in New York City this week．It is the first artwork created by an algorithm （算法）to be offered for auction in the world of fine art．The odd﹣looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left the auction block at Christie's for ﹩432，500 on Oct．25 in New York City．The portrait designed in the "Old Master" style of European fine artists from centuries ago appears to represent a man with a vague face，dressed in clothing similar to that worn by people painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century．Of course，a computer didn't automatically pick up a brush and become an artist．The Al that created the image had human programmers﹣a Parisian art collective called Obvious，Christie's reported．Their cooperation，titled "Portrait of Edmond De Belamy，" is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch ﹩7，000 to﹩10，000，according to Christie's．To create the portrait，the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15.000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries，to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art，Obvious artist Hugo Caselles﹣Duprétold Christie's．The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other．called the Generator （that makes the art）and a Discriminator （that tries to spot the difference between human ﹣created and Al﹣created images），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained；they called this Al "generative adversarial network" （GAN），Caselles﹣Dupréexplained．GAN's final image was then printed and framed，according to Obvious．At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula （公式）representing the algorithm that created it，a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator，Obvious artists wroteon the collective's website．The goal of the painting and of Obvious，also co﹣founded by Hugo Caselles﹣Dupréand Gauthier Vernier，was to prove "artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing it can be creative．，" Consumer News and Business Channel reported．Portraiture is a tough task for Al to take on，according to Christie's，"since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be．" This difficulty was part of Obvious' thinking when they created the portrait．"Edmond de Belamy" is one of eleven Al paintings made by Obvious．（1）It can be learned from the passage that the portrait "Edmond de Belamy"．A．was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB．was the first artwork sold at an auctionC．is a painting created by means of brushD．is a man who once appeared at the auction（2）To create a portrait，Al needs to．A．learn from plenty of imagesB．use an algorithm with many partsC．work against human paintersD．recognize its human programmers（3）What can be concluded from the passage？A．The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless．B．The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity．C．It is more difficult for Al to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait．D．Al is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human．（4）The passage mainly tells us that．A．Al will soon replace man in some fieldsB．an Al﹣created portrait sells high at an auctionC．a proper algorithm is the key for Al to create carD．Al﹣created paintings are better received at auctionsSection CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（6分）A．It's that long﹣term exposure that experts find most worrisome．B．Car manufacturers are unaware of standards regulating air quality inside new cars．C．This is when components are still unstable and tend towards what is called off﹣gassing．D．Just reading a list of the substances is scary enough，and the danger of exposure is scarierstill．E．The source of the smell so many buyers find appealing is in the various substances used incar constructionF．Fortunately，high concentrations of these compounds gradually disappear just a fewmonths after manufacture．Is New﹣car Smell Bad for Your Health？The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms，for which there's a good reason．That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals，some of which can be highly poisonous．（1）Many of these contain volatile （挥发性的）organic compounds （VOCs），some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities．Others are just bad for you．"It's a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances，" said Jeff Gearhart，Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan．The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years，and has noted some improvement．But Gearhart says there is still work to be done．"There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles，" he said．"Since these chemicals are not regulated，consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face．"（2）Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches，dizziness，etc．，depending on the sensitivity of an individual．According to the US Environmental Protection Agency，continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣or even cancer．The danger is the greatest when the car is new，and that new car smell is most noticeable．（3）It is the release of chemical vapours，which leads to thesmell．Heat from a vehicle left in the sun car make matters worse，and speed up the chemical reaction．The danger is reduced over time，and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months．Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated （通风的），especially during the first six months of ownership．Park in the shade with the windows open when it's safe to do so，or at least try to air it out before getting inside﹣especially on not days．IV. Summary Writing21．（8分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point （s）of the passagein no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Take Care of Your Spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health，providing your body with structure and support．It also contains your spinal cord，a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain．Therefore，it's important to take care of it．Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy．Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight，except for its natural curves．Posture comes into play even when you're asleep．Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions．Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn't comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day．Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine．Staying still for too long even if your posture is good﹣can be hard on your back．Especially if you work at a desk most of the day，it's important to get up and stretch periodically．Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions．Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine．However，don't overdo the exercise，as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine．Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves．In particular，B vitamins help keep nerves healthy，so you may want to consider taking a．supplement （补充物）．Another important factor is vitamin D，whichis essential for strong bones，but．it's also absorbed from sunlight，so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（4分）科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）23．（4分）我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）24．（4分）那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）25．（4分）经济全球化是经济发展的必然趋势，它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）VI. Guided Writing26．（25分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given belowin Chinese．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possibleanswers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1.5分）A．In a charity shop．B．In a laundryC．In a dormitory．D．In a clothing store．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）A．A librarian．В．A secretary．C．A reporter．D．An accountant．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）A．Purchase some ingredients B．Give the man instructions for the soup．C．Check to see if the soup is ready．D．Write down the directions to the supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）A．Chocolate is his favourite flavor．B．There's no more chocolate pudding left．C．He doesn't want any chocolate pudding．。
2019-2020崇明区一模英语试卷
2019-2020学年上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）1. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model.C. A shirt designer.D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school.C. Ina travel agency.D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It's not good enough. B. It’s none of the woman’s business,C. It’s not true.D. It's out of expectation.4. A. He decided to try a new barbershop.B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America.B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn’t know where it is.B. She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus.B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. Call the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term. B. She doesn’t trust the mail.C. She didn’t l like her geography professor.D. She won’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow.B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She MI be too tired to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. lie doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food.B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn.B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold.B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable.B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. 1 heir extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18. A. Essential. B. Impolite.C. Comfortable.D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments.B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21) ________ (create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22) ________ (develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23) ________ helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24) ________ (group) by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25) ________ she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26) ________ (connect) with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake, (27) ________ venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last yearto support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28) ________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29) ________ because the teenagers of today will b e tomorrow’s leaders. ‘Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action,’ she said, ‘(30) ________ ________ _______ you get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s on board and can get behind it, you’ll eventually find that team of people.’Stephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of PhysicsThere aren’t very many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking, physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) __34__ problem in the way physicists understand our world – a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popular public ____36____ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences, the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great __37__ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor. That sense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawkin g’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.It look an enormous __39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his __40__ challenges.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite__41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open — an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly-stressed showing ''significant” reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while __48__ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__53 __ emotions,” Dr. Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And it did, which is __55__because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and ment al health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. contributions D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B. challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year，the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San-Francisco International Hip Hop Dance-Fest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each Dance-Fest has diversity (多样化)of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for Dance-Fest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance "Tables a nd Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya，in any introduction to Dance-Fest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San-Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.However，Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms.In 1999 she started Dance-Fest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive Riles leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya's festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of Dance-Fest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique Riles and the challenge of Dance-Fest.57. Hip-hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dance-fest if they cannot only dance skillfully but also _____________.A. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters58. By “dubious reputation” in the last paragraph，the author means hip hop ____________ back then.A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition59. What can be concluded about Dance-Fest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School PoliciesThe enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School is subject to the School’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and procedures (including those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School from time to time. 4. FeesSchool Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and subject to variation from time to time. A full term’s tuition is payable for any term during which the pupil is in attendance irrespective of the number of days attended. If tuition fees have not been paid, they shall remain due and payable and the Refundable Deposit shall be used to pay the tuition fees and the parents / guardians remain responsible for the rest.The School reserves the right to exclude a pupil where tuition or other fees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also keep back any information, pupil reports or property in such circumstances.2. Withdrawal by Parent / Guardian Parents/ Guardians shall give a minimum of 6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following session.3. Refundable DepositOn the offer of a place at the School, the Refundable Deposit becomes payable. This is to secure enrolment at the School until the termly or annual fees have been paid. The Refundable Deposit is refundable, and shall be without interest and without taking into account changes in exchange rates. 5. Termination by the schoolThe school may terminate this agreement when permanent exclusion or removal is required. The School shall not take such action without good cause and full consultation with parents/ guardians and the pupil. Parents/ guardians have the right to appeal to the Orbital Education International Schools Development Officer on a decision to permanently exclude a pupil.60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_______” in a schools admissions booklet.A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration61. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils gel their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. There fundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. there fundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupils place in the schoolD. the sch ool’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centers and smart-phones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?” The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’t have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissions footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HINT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smart-phones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centers and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICI, they also found that ICI has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“For every text message, for every - phone call, every video you upload or download, there's a data center making this happen.” Belkhir explains.' Telecommunications networks and data centers consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centers continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditi onal fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”Among all the devices, the ends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smart-phones. While smart-phones consume little energy to operate. 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.A smart-phone’s chip and motherboard (芯片牙口主板）require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at ahigh cost. Smart-phones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary - amount of waste.Belkirhas made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centers have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centers are going to am on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data center s follow. Also. It’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smart-phones.”63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to_______.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belcher’s student's creativity and critical thinking64. One reason why smart-phones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that_______.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _______.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centersB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smart-phonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smart-phonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centers66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.F. It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been made unfarmable.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular. ______67______Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria's smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago ill Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. "Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonal farming. It is just farming anytime of the year，meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.”________68________It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming. It took a lot of effort to change peopled minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land is fertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. ________69_________ Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity.Philippines is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology.The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeri a’s economy. _______70________ For now, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes topreventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes or implementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2020年上海市崇明中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020年上海市崇明中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BTeenagers from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers（同龄人）to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. Studies have shown, however, that a positive attitude towards schoolwork and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriersand lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement （参与）comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how teenagers experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behavior that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a large one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Researchers asked 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their school work, and how they experienced their fathers' warmth. The students' maths and language arts grades were also gained. The research team took into account the influence that mothers have on their children’s well-being in their analyses.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school. “Low-income fathers affect their teenagers’ beliefs about themselves and their future, and these beliefs influence their achievement by increasing their determination to complete school tasks, “says Dr, Marie-Anne.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways. Experiencing their fathers’ warmth first influences daughters’sense of optimism, and thenspills overinto their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better maths grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers, love and boys' belief in their ability to succeed in academy.4. What is more likely to happen to teenagers from low-income families?A. They will be more determined to struggle.B. They will have fewer happy things to share.C. They will fail in their studies and quit school.D. They will receive less love from their parents.5. How is the new research different from the previous ones?A. It only researches families in the north of America.B. It only studies low-education families in the world.C. It combines questionnaire data and students, grades.D. It mainly focuses on the effects of fathers' involvement.6. What can we know about fathers' warmth?A. It is less effective than that of mothers.B. It affects girls and boys in different ways.C. It mainly applies to girls rather than boys.D. It has a more direct effect on girls thanon boys.7. Which of the following best explains "spills over" underlined in the last paragraph?A. Spreads.B. Changes.C. Bursts.D. Checks.CPut your hand over your heart and sit very still. You may notice that the sound of your heartbeat is similar to the beat of a drum. Your heart starts beating before you are born and continues throughout your life. For this reason, the beating of a drum stands for the rhythm of life for many people around the world.InGhana, a country inAfrica, many schools use drums instead of bells to show the beginning and ending of class. Through the drum, the children ofGhanaalso learn about their history and culture. They hear old stories passed on through the music of the drum. The stories of the drum also teach children games, rules and lessons about behavior.For thousands of years inAfrica, drums have been used to tell stories of daily life and history. Drums told the coming of a king, the start of a war, or the birth of a child. They also allowed people to share messages. But how does a drum tell a story?InWest Africa, the most common drum used for communication is called a “talking drum”. By making higher orlower drum sounds, the drummer can make the drum “talk”.In many African languages, words go up and down in pitch (高音) when they are spoken, almost like a song. Depending on the pitch or tone (音调), the same sound can have many different meanings. For example, when spoken with two low tones, the African word “ilu” means “drum”. When spoken with one high and one low tone, “ilu” means “town”.Drum language works in the same way. Just as in spoken language, the word “ilu” has different meanings depending on how it’s drummed. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using low tones, the word means “drum”. When “ilu” is drummed with two beats using one high and one low tone, it means “town”.Drummers create “words” to build ideas, sentences and stories. The next time you hear a song, listen for the heartbeat within the music. Can you hear the story of the drum?8. The first paragraph mainly tells us________.A. drums beat like our heartsB. drums have a long historyC. drums are widely used in the worldD. drums are important for many people worldwide9. From the text, we learn that inGhanadrums________.A. are not as useful as beforeB. teach children a lot of thingsC. help bring the war to an endD. are used in class by teachers10. The example of the African word “ilu” is used to show________.A. how a word can have different soundsB. how to speak African languagesC. how a drum tells storiesD. how to beat a drum11. What would be the best title for the text?A. Know the history of the drumB. Listen to the story of the drumC. Beat the drum of lifeD. Love me, love my drumDA team of researchers from several institutions in the UK and one in Estonia has created a type of buoy（浮标）that has proven to be effective at frightening seabirds, thus preventing them from getting caught in gillnets—a type of vertical fishing net that is made of a material that makes it nearly invisible underwater.Every year, hundreds of thousands of seabirds die when they get caught in gillnets. Some estimates suggestthat up to a half-million birds are caught in them each year. Over the years, researchers have created devices（装置）to prevent the birds from trying to catch fish near or in gillnets, but those didn't work well.To find a way that would work for all seabirds, the researchers first studied seabirds in a general sense, looking to find things that they would avoid. They noted that seabirds avoided eye contact with other creatures. Then the researchers came up with a simple idea—they put a small pole to a regular buoy and then attached a pair of googly eyes（金鱼眼）to the top of it. They made the eyes big enough so that even birds with poor eyesight, such as geese, would see them. Adding to the effectiveness of the device, waves made the eyes move back and forth. And the wind made the buoy spin very slowly, making sure that birds from every direction would get a good look at the eyes.To test their idea, the researchers selected several sites near gillnets and counted how many birds approached and how many attempted to catch fish near the nets. They then set up their googly-eyed buoys and once again counted birds. Over the course of 62 days, they found the number of birds that tried to catch fish near the gillnets dropped by approximately 25% for a distance of up to 50 meters. They also found that the birds were less likely to fish near where the buoys had been for up to three weeks after they had been removed.12. What is the function of paragraph 2?A. Introducing a new topic to discuss.B. Providing background information.C. Summarizing the previous paragraph.D. Pointing out the main idea of the text.13. Why did the researchers make the googly eyes big?A. To ensure all the seabirds can see them.B. To clearly observe seabirds' eye contact.C. To allow them to survive the strong wind.D. To effectively identify the right direction.14. What does the researchers' test result mainly suggest?A. The new device still needs improvingB. Gillnets are a death valley for seabirds.C. Seabirds hardly catch fish near the nets.D. The googly-eyed buoy proves effective.15. What is the text mainly about?A. A group of researchers interested in seabirds.B. A way to help seabirds catch fish effectively.C. A device keeping seabirds safe from gillnets.D. A googly-eyed buoy guiding seabirds to hunt.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
英语_2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷含答案
2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of thegiven word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.1.Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery WorkersA ban on electric bieycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn a living． Many of the workers are immigrants．Electric bicycles， or "e﹣bikes，" look like regular bicycles， but they have electric﹣powered motors to assist riders in moving the bike forward． Most e﹣bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour， but some can go much （1）________ （fast）．（2）________ it is legal to own e﹣bikes in New York City， it is not legal to operate them． Officials there consider the dangerous use of e﹣bikes on streets and sidewalks as the reason （3）________ the ban． Last year， the city announced severe measures （4）________ （mean） to hold e﹣bike riders and restaurant that employ the riders responsible．E﹣bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban． The police （5）________also seize the bikes．Many of New York's delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s． Their job requires them to work quickly and for long hours （6）________ （earn） enough money to live on．Delivery worker Deging Lian said it is important to perform quality work （7）________their job also depends on tips． He added that when delivery workers are too slow， some people refuse to pay for the food， which makes the workers' supervisors angry．Ligiang Liu is an e﹣bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union． He says （8）________ （catch） breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for workers．Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project，（9）________ provides assistance to bicycle﹣related workers in New York City． He says the city's ban on e﹣bikes is unfairly targeting low﹣paid workers who largely come from the city's Latino and Asian communities． He does not accept the argument （10）________ e﹣bikes present a danger tocitizens． However， many New Yorkers are quick to blame e﹣bike riders for not being safe．Section BDirections： After reading the passage below， fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box.Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.2.People Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that there's no such thing as a free lunch， but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal， it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal， according to scientists．A new study has found that restaurant （1）_______ who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price． The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their （2）_______ of how food tastes．Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffer （自助餐） in a restaurant． The price of the food was set by the （3）_______ at either ﹩4 or ﹩8 for the all﹣you﹣can﹣eat meal． Customers were asked to （4）_______ how good the food tasted， the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names．The experiment （5）_______ that the people who paid ﹩8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the "cheaper" buffet． Interestingly those that paid for the﹩4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they （6）_______． However， the scientists said that both groups ate around the same quantity offood in total， according to the study （7）_______ at the Experimental Biology meeting this week．Brian Wansink， a professor of （8）_______ behaviour at the university， said： "We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats， but a huge impact on how you （9）_______ the experience．" He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change howtasty people find their meals．In a（n）（10）_______ study， scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories （卡路里） than people who eat in brightly lit areas．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， Cand D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.3.How Climate Change Affects Airline FlightsHot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this summer． This flight﹣disturbing （1）_______ is a warning sign． Climate change is projected to have far﹣reaching （2）_______ ﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long﹣term declines in agricultural production． And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of commercial aircraft with potential effects on airline （3）_______．National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have beer﹣designed for the climate in which it all developed． In the aviation （航空）industry, airports and aircraft are designed for the weather conditions experienced （4）_______ Because the climate is changing even fundamental elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be （5）_______As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our warming climate may affect （6）_______ around the world． We'vefound that major airports from New York to Dubai to Bangkok will see more fre quent takeoff weight （7）_______ in the coming decades due to increasingly common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircraft's weight so as to lower its required takeoff speed．There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago． And if we （8）_______ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity or these extremes is projected to increase dramatically．The （9）_______ on aviation may be widespread． Many airports are built near sealevel, puttingthem at risk of more frequent （10）_______ as oceans rise． The frequency and intensityof violent air movement may increase in some regions due to strengthening high﹣altitude （高海拔的） winds．Stronger winds would force airlines and pilots to change flight lengths androutings, potentially increasing fuel （11）_______．Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously （12）_______ the effects of climate change． The sooner, the better: Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades, and have （13）_______ effects． Today's newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their （14）_______ are being designed now． The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less costly adaptations can be． Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce climate﹣altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also （15）_______ it．（1）A schemeB heatC shiftD mess（2）A contributionsB confusionC feedbacksD consequences（3）A pilotsB reservationsC costsD accidents（4）A historicallyB enormouslyC fundamentallyD domestically（5）A retestedB implementedC prospectedD reengineered（6）A travelsB developmentsC flightsD communications（7）A disordersB gainsC bansD restrictions（8）A happenB failC aimD promise（9）A taxesB effectsC viewpointsD comments（10）A floodingB rottingC repairingD transferring（11）A standardB efficiencyC distributionD consumption（12）A considerB avoidC maximizeD demonstrate（13）A greaterB differentC lastingD direct（14）A airportsB productsC contractsD replacements（15）A sneezing atB responding to D recovering fromC resulting inSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.4. Flu is killing us． The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future． Yes, we have an annual vaccine （疫苗）, and everyone qualified should get it without question． The reality, however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines． And the flu vaccines we have are only 60% effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years． We urgently need a much more effective flu vaccine．In the U．S． alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36million infections, three﹣quarters of a million hospitalizations and 56, 000 deaths． We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved ones and our communitiesWhy not? We haven't been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time． So as individuals, we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and destaff the services we need to protect us．The risk of continued foot dragging is huge． In a severe widespread disease, theU．S． health care system could be defeated in just weeks． Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the weeks and months following the initial outbreak． The cost of preventing epidemics （流行病） is roughly a tenth of what it costs to copewith themwhen they hit． In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion﹣dollarU．S． commitment to the development of a universal flu vaccine． Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remains seriously underfunded．The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction． As soon as headlines about the fluare going to hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates decline, we go back to business as usual．Leading scientists and public health officials have the capability to keep us much saferfrom flu．They need your quick and decisive support to succeed． Your action today may be a matter of life and death for you and your loved ones（1）The problem of the current flu vaccines is that________．A they are not available every yearB most Americans are not allowed to getthem C not everyone is qualified for them D many people still catch flu after getting them．（2）What does the author mean by "continued foot dragging" in Paragraph 4？________A Hospitals cannot meet the needs of patients during flu outbreaks．B The leaders continue to drag the feet of the patients infected with flu．C Individuals aren't alert enough to the underinvestment in flu prevention．D Flu will certainly become a severe widespread disease in the near future．．（3）What can be inferred from the passage？________A Science is currently not so developed as to keep us safer from flu．B The death rate from flu is much higher than that from other diseases．C The general public is partially to blame for the neglect of flu prevention．D Developing a universal flu vaccine willcost more than dealing with flu．．（4）The author wrote the passage mainly to________．A teach people more effective ways to fight against fluB call on people to take flu outbreaks far more seriouslyC encourage medical scientists to develop more flu vaccineD urge the government to publicize the risks of widespread flu．5. How to get your tax refundAt the storeGet a Global Blue Tax Free Form． If you do not have a SHOP TAX FREE Card, see "How tofil in your Tax Free Forms"．Make sure your Tax Free Form is filled in before arriving at the point of departure．Remember no refund without:Completed Receipts CustomsForm attached validation （验证）At the point of departureFor non﹣EU residents onlyGoods carried in checked﹣in luggage:1． Check your luggage in at the check﹣in counter, tell the check﹣in clerk you need it back for Customs purposes．2． Take the labelled luggage to Customs, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped3． Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate refund service providerGoods carried in hand luggage:1． Go to Customs after passport control, show the goods, and have your Tax Free Forms stamped． Please note: Customs clearance of goods in hand luggage can only take place at the last EU airport before you finally leave the EU．2． Cash in your stamped Form at the appropriate bank counter or post it to the appropriate refund service provider．Allow time for the refund process． Go to Customs before or after check﹣in, see Refund Office list． Present your completed Tax Free Forms, receipts, passport, and purchased items to get a stamp．Go to a Refund Office displaying the Global Blue logo （标识）． Receive your refund paid to your credit card within five days or in cash．In a rush? Mail your stamped and completed Tax Free Forms and receipts back to us in the envelope provided and get your refund paid to your credit card within three weeks．*EU: European Union（1）Whom is the above information intended for？________A EU residents who want to get their tax refunded．B Non﹣EU residents who are going to travel in EU．C EU residents who have Global Blue Tax FreeForms． D Non﹣EU residents who are leaving EU after purchases．．（2）To get your tax refund， you need to________ after having your luggage checked in if you've put your purchased goods in your check﹣in luggage．A show your purchased goods to the check﹣in clerkB cash in your stamped Form at the check﹣in counter．C take back your luggage to the Customs to get astamp D go to the Customs to fill in a form without the luggage．（3）What can be learned from the passage？________A It's a must to attach the receipts to the form to get your tax refund．B It's unnecessary to show your passport to the Customs for a stamp．C You can get your refund in cash after posting your form if in a hurry．D You can get your refund by credit card at once at the appropriate counter．6. A portrait created by artificial intelligence, or Al, made a historic appearance on the auction （拍卖） block at Christie's in New York City this week． It is the first artwork created by an algorithm （算法） to be offered for auction in the world of fine art．The odd﹣looking painting of a fictitious man in a dark coat left the auction block at Christie's for ﹩432, 500 on Oct． 25 in New York City．The portrait designed in the "Old Master" style of European fine artists from centuries ago appears to represent a man with a vague face, dressed in clothing similar to that worn bypeople painted by the Dutch artist Rembrandt van Rijn in the 17th century．Of course, a computer didn't automatically pick up a brush and become an artist． The Al that created the image had human programmers﹣ a Parisian art collective called Obvious, Christie's reported． Their cooperation, titled "Portrait of Edmond De Belamy, " is part of a series of paintings of the fictional Belamy family and was expected to fetch ﹩7, 000 to﹩10, 000, according to Christie's．To create the portrait, the Obvious team first fed the network a diet of 15.000 images painted between the 14th and 20th centuries, to train it to recognize visual elements in fine art, Obvious artist Hugo Caselles﹣Dupré told Christie's． The algorithm that eventually created an original image had two parts that worked against each other． called the Generator （that makes the art） and a Discriminator （that tries to spot the difference between human﹣created and Al﹣created images）, Caselles﹣Dupré explained; they called this Al "generative adversarial network" （GAN）, Caselles﹣Dupré explained．GAN's final image was then printed and framed, according to Obvious． At the bottom of the portrait is a mathematical formula （公式） representing the algorithm that created it, a nod to the relationship between the Generator and the Discriminator, Obvious artists wrote on the collective's website．The goal of the painting and of Obvious, also co﹣founded by Hugo Caselles﹣Dupré and Gauthier Vernier, was to prove "artificial intelligence can do more than operate driverless cars or transform manufacturing it can be creative．, " Consumer News and Business Channel reported．Portraiture is a tough task for Al to take on, according to Christie's, "since humans are highly accustomed to the curves and complexities of a face in a way that a machine cannot be．" This difficulty was part of Obvious' thinking when they created the portrait．"Edmond de Belamy" is one of eleven Al paintings made by Obvious．（1）It can be learned from the passage that the portrait "Edmond de Belamy"________．A was sold at an unexpectedly high priceB was the first artwork sold at anauction C is a painting created by means of brush D is a man who once appeared at the auction．（2）To create a portrait， Al needs to________．A learn from plenty of imagesB use an algorithm with many partsC work against human paintersD recognize its human programmers．（3）What can be concluded from the passage？________A The mathematical formula at the bottom of the portrait is meaningless．B The portrait was made to prove algorithms are able to imitate creativity．C It is more difficult for Al to operate driverless cars than to paint a portrait．D Al is better at painting the curves and complexities of a face than a human．．（4）The passage mainly tells us that________．A Al will soon replace man in some fieldsB an Al﹣created portrait sells high at an auctionC a proper algorithm is the key for Al to create carD Al﹣created paintingsare better received at auctions．Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.7.Is New﹣car Smell Bad for Your Health？The smell of a new car can be appealing in showrooms， for which there's a good reason． That new car smell comes from a mixture of chemicals， some of which can be highly poisonous．（1）________ Many of these contain volatile （挥发性的） organic compounds （VOCs），some of which can be deadly in sufficient quantities． Others are just bad for you．"It's a chemical cocktail made up of lots of poisonous substances，" said Jeff Gearhart，Research Director of the Ecology Center in the US state of Michigan． The Ecology Center has been monitoring and testing chemical levels in the inside of the car for years， and has noted some improvement． But Gearhart says there is still work to be done．"There are over 200 chemical compounds found in vehicles，" he said． "Since these chemicals are not regulated， consumers have no way of knowing the dangers they face．" （2）________ Immediate symptoms can range from a sore throat to headaches， dizziness，etc．， depending on the sensitivity of an individual．According to the US Environmental Protection Agency， continued exposure to some of these can lead to reproductive impacts and damage to some organs and central nervous system﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣or even cancer．The danger is the greatest when the car is new， and that new car smell is most noticeable．（3）________ It is the release of chemical vapours， which leads to the smell． Heat from a vehicle left in the sun car make matters worse， and speed up the chemical reaction． The danger is reduced over time， and experts say the worst is usually over within about six months．Experts advise the best thing that buyers can do to limit exposure is to keep the inside of the car well ventilated （通风的）， especially during the first six months of ownership． Park in the shade with the windows open when it's safe to do so， or at least try to air it out before getting inside﹣especially on not days．IV. Summary Writing8. Directions：Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point （s） of the passagein no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Take Care of Your Spine （脊柱）The spine stands at the center of your health， providing your body with structure and support． It also contains your spinal cord， a massive collection of nerves that sends electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain． Therefore， it's important to take care of it．Maintaining your good posture is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy． Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight，except for its natural curves． Posture comes into play even when you're asleep． Sleepingon your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions． Having a comfortable bed is also very important as sleeping in a position that isn't comfortable can leave your back feeling sore the next day．Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine． Staying still for too long even if your posture is good﹣ can be hard on your back． Especially if you work at a desk most of the day， it's important to get up and stretch periodically． Stretches can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better positions． Strength exercises with light weights or bodyweight exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine． However， don't overdo the exercise， as repeated motions can hurt the muscles around your spine．Your diet also affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves． In particular， B vitamins help keep nerves healthy， so you may want to consider taking a． supplement （补充物）． Another important factor is vitamin D， which is essential for strong bones， but． it's also absorbed from sunlight， so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.9. 科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）________10. 我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）________11. 那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）________12. 经济全球化是经济发展的必然趋势，它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）________VI. Guided Writing13. Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given belowin Chinese．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷答案1. faster,Although,for,meant,can,to earn,because,being caught,which,that2. I,E,D,C,J,A,G,K,H,F3. BDCADCDBBADACDB4. DCCB5. DCA6. AABB7. E,D,B8. From the passage，we know that it's of great importance to look after the spine， because it provides your body with structure and support．（高分句型一）（保护脊柱的重要性）For one thing， to keep your spine fit you should keep good posture．（好的姿势） For another， exercise also plays an important role in the health of your spine．（锻炼） At last ，what also affects the health of your spine is diet， because of many vitamins， which are necessary for bones and nerves．（高分句型二）（饮食）9. Scientists marvel at the rapid adaptation of these plants to the urban environment．10. My sister's class notes are always clear enough tolearn．11. ThecharactersthatoriginatedfromancientChineseliteraturehavebeenreborninthisonlinega me12. Economicglobalizationistheinexorabletrendofeconomicdevelopment，anditisindependent13. Dear Mr．Lin．There are many club organized by our school， such poet's club， painting clubs， singing and dancing groups， etc．These activities organized by these club provide students with many advantages． First of all， poet's club play a positive role in improving students' appreciation of literature， while painting club enables the students develop all around．【高分句型一】（你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因）However， due to the heavy study burden，the activities in the club are not enough to meet the students' needs． Besides， some students are too absorbed in the club to spare time to study．【高分句型二】In my opinion， our school should teach the students in the club how to balance studies and the activities．（解决措施）Yours，Wan Min。
【区级联考】2019届上海市崇明区高三第一次模拟考试(含听力mp3)英语试题(精品解析版)
崇明区2019届第一次高考模拟考试试卷英语(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.音频A. In a charity shop.B. In a laundry.C. In a dormitory.D. In a clothing store.【答案】B【解析】【详解】M: Excuse me, but I’d like to have this shirt washed and ironed.W: OK, sir. Your shirt will be ready by Thursday morning. Anything else?Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?2.音频A. $114.B. $86.C. $14.D. $43.【答案】D【解析】【详解】W: Here’s a 100-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please.M: Sure. Two tickets and here’s 14 dollars’ change.Q: How much does one ticket cost?3.音频A. A librarian.B. A secretary.C. A reporter.D. An accountant.【答案】D【解析】【详解】W: How do you like your new job, Bill?M: Fine. This week I have been reading the reports and studying the accounting books. Next week I will probably getdown to the accounts.Q: What is most probably the man’s job?4.音频A. Purchase some ingredients.B. Give the man instructions for the soup.C. Check to see if the soup is ready.D. Write down the directions to the supermarket.【答案】B【解析】【详解】M: The soup is delicious. I’d love to be able to make it myself.W: Why not? You can get all the ingredients at any supermarket. Here, let me get a pencil and paper. Q: What will the woman probably do next?5.音频A. Chocolate is his favourite flavour.B. There’s no more chocolate pudding left.C. He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding.D. He’s already tasted the chocolate pudding.【答案】C【解析】【详解】W: Umm…are you going to try some of this chocolate pudding? It’s incredible.M: Well, to be honest with you, I’ve never been a fan of chocolate.Q: What does the man mean?6.音频A. She hasn’t called the travel agency yet.B. She doesn’t know when her semester ends.C. The man may have to reschedule his trip.D. The man should take his vacation somewhere else.【答案】C【解析】【详解】M: I just called the travel agen t. It’s all set. On July 1st, I’m heading for the mountains.W: Have you checked the academic calendar carefully? You know my class won’t be over till July 7th. Q: What does the woman mean?7.音频A. Get a ticket from his sister.B. Help his sister out of her conflict.C. Go to the concert with his sister.D. Get a schedule of future performances.【答案】A【解析】【详解】W: The state orchestra is coming to town next weekend, but it’s a pity I can’t find a ticket anywhere.M: You know, my sister just happens to have on e and she can’t go due to a conflict in her schedule.Q: What does the man imply the woman should do?8.音频A. Meet his advisor.B. Track his adviser.C. Adjust his course schedule.D. Follow his course schedule as advised.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: I already know what I want to take next semester. So why do I have to make an appointment to see my advisor? All I need is her signature on my course schedule.W: I’m afraid it doesn’t work that way. She has to talk with you to make sure everything is on the right track.Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?9.音频A. He has already paid his landlord for next year’s rent.B. He’s decided how he’s going to spend the prize money.C. He doesn’t know how much his rent is going to increase.D. He’s already planning to enter for next year’s essay contest.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: Hey, congratulations on winning the essay contest. That thousand-dollar prize money should really be useful.M: You bet! I’ve already put it aside to cover the increase my landlord just announced for next year.Q: What does the man mean?10.音频A. The man can use her electronic dictionary.B. The man should buy a new paper dictionary.C. She can show the man how to use the dictionary.D. She will work more efficiently with his dictionary.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: I wish I had an electronic dictionary, too. It’s really inconvenient to use the paper dictionary.W: Would it make things go faster if you borrow mine?Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.音频11.A. Napping may help prevent seniors’ memory loss.B. Sleep is good for us both mentally and physically.C. Many Americans do not want to admit they take a nap.D. Taking naps is very common in other parts of the world.12.A. They are afraid of becoming lazy.B. They don’t think napping is common.C. They are too energetic to need a nap.D. They don’t want to be considered weak.13.A. Napping is not as effective for people with sleep disorders.B. Napping cafes have been quite common in American cities.C. Resting in the middle of the work day may cost a lot of money.D. Many Americans are changing their offices into napping rooms.【答案】11. A 12. D 13. A【解析】March 16 is International Sleep Day. And we should all celebrate the act of sleeping. Studies have shown that a good night’s rest helps us stay healthy, both mentally and physically. And researchers say sleep is probably the best tool we have for memory and learning.But what about getting rest during the middle of the day? Short periods of sleep may help older people fight off age-related memory loss, says a recent study on napping.Many Americans do nap. But one-third of all adults in the United States have sleep disorders. So, someone who naps as a way of paying off a sleep debt may not experience the same improvements from napping as a healthy, well-rested person would.Also, many people may not want to admit that they take a nap. They may think that napping shows they are weak or lack energy. That only children, the very old, sick or lazy people nap is not an uncommon opinion.However, that may be changing. Many offices now offer napping rooms, and napping cafes are appearing in many U.S. cities, including Washington, D.C.While resting in the middle of the work day may seem like a luxury to Americans, napping is very much part of a normal, everyday life in other parts of the world.Questions:What does the recent study show?Why do many Americans refuse to admit they take a nap?What is implied in the passage?【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2019-2020学年上海市崇明中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案
2019-2020学年上海市崇明中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhat are you waiting for? A new series of movies shown this year can’t be missed. Have you enjoyed them already?Frozen IIFrozen was the highest grossing (票房) animated film ever. In Frozen II Elsa, Anna, Olaf and Krist left off Arendelle to seek thesource of Elsa’s icy magic. Although the millions of children who loved the first film are older now, they might give it a reception.Last ChristmasA festive romantic comedy, Emilia Clarke stars in Last Christmas as Bridget Jonesy , a shop assistant, whose life in London is a mess, and Henry Golding as the eligible bachelor(黄金单身汉)who tidies it up. The film’s director, Paul Feig, and co-writer, Emma Thompson, promise that the film is worth expecting.A Beautiful Day in the NeighborhoodTom Hanks stars in A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood as the only American celebrity(名人) more famous than he is. As the host of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood for more than 30 years, Fred Rogers is a legend of pre-school children’s television, which appeals to a large audience.Charlie’s AngelsHollywoodaction movies starring women are rare. But have you seen a movie starred, written and directed by women, too? Charlie’s Angels is one of the first. A reboot (翻拍) of the 1970s TV series, not to mention the two films from 2000 and 2003, the new version is directed by Elizabeth Banks. She also plays Bosley, one of the female detectives who are employed by Charles Townsend to go on global adventures.1. Which moviebecame the most popular cartoon film this year?A. Frozen II.B. Last Christmas.C. A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D. Charlie’s Angels.2. Which character works on a TV station?A. Krist.B. Emilia Clarke.C. Fred Rogers.D. Bosley.3. Which action movie was directed and starred by a woman?A. Frozen II.B. Last Christmas.C. A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood.D. Charlie’s Angels.BA nurse has fulfilled (实现) a promise she made to her patient four years ago to one day attend her daughter's graduation from nursing school.Edina Habibovic, 22, graduated from Chamberlain University's College of Nursing in 2020. Her mother, Sevala Habibovic, 46, died in2017 after a two year fight with breast cancer.“I thought the medical field wasn't for me. Then, my mom got sick and I had all the experience going in and out of the hospital, ” Edina toldGood MorningAmerica. “When my mom passed away, I thought, ‘I want to dothis.’”she said.Sanja Josipovic, who at the time worked as a home health nurse with Northwestern Medicine in Winfield, Illinois, cared for Sevala inside her home. They often chatted and shared the latest news with each other over six months of care.“She was most worried about Edina because she was young and hadn't finished school yet, ” Sanja said. “We are like sisters; we care about and trust each other. She was a powerful and strong minded woman. She wasn't scared to die; she was just worried about her kids and husband.”Edina said her mother lived for being with her family and taking care of people. “When Sanja was working, my mom would still try to make her something to eat, no matter how sick she was, ” Edina added. When Sevala's life was coming to an end, she asked Sanja to take her place at her youngest daughter's nursing school graduation. “That was the only thing she was going to miss. Edina's graduation, ” said Sanja, who is a mother of three herself. She agreed.Due to COVID -19, there was no graduation or pinning ceremony. Edina's manager at Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital decided to host a pinning ceremony for her and have Sanja present the pin. “Sanja has fulfilled her promise, ” Edina said.Edina and Sanja are now caring for patients alongside one another as colleagues at Marianjoy.4. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Leaving the hospitalB. Working as a nurseC. Facing death positivelyD. Caring for Edina's mother5. What can be learned about Sanja and Sevala?A. They enjoyed volunteeringB. They were cancer survivorsC. They had unhappy marriagesD. They developed a close bond6. What would be Sevala's regret?A. The loss of the chance to study medicineB. Her absence from Edina's school graduationC. Failing to keep the promise made to SanjaD. Never cooking a good meal for her husband7. How did Sanja fulfill her promise?A. By taking care of Edina and her familyB. By helping Edina enter her dream hospitalC. By attending a special ceremony for EdinaD. By managing to become Edina's colleagueCA wife’s level of education positively influences both her own and her husband’s chances of having a long life, according to a new Swedish study.In the study, researchers from the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholmfound that a woman’s level of education had a stronger connection to the likelihood of her husband dying over education. What’s more, they discovered that a husband’s social class, based on his occupation, had a greater influence on his wife’s longevity(长寿) than her own class.“Women traditionally take more responsibility for the home than men do, and, as a result, women’s levels of education might be more important for determining lifestyles－for example, in terms of food choices－than those of men,” say Srs. Robert Erikson and Jenny Torssander of the Swedish Institute for Social Research inStockholm.The results show that a husband’s level of education does not influence his longevity, but that men with partners who had quit studying after school were 25 per cent more likely to die early than men living with women holding university degrees. In turn, those married to women with university degrees were 13 percent more likely to die early than those whose wives had post-graduate qualifications.According to the researchers, a woman with a good education may not marry a man who drinks and smokes too much or who drives carelessly, and men with such habits may not prefer highly educated woman. Drs. Erikson and Torssander also suggest that better-educated women may be more aware of what healthy eating and good health care consist of.The findings suggest that education has a huge impact on how long and how well people live. It also reflects social factors, since educated individuals usually have better jobs, which allow them to afford healthier diets and lifestyles, as well as better health care.8. In this passage the author intends to ________.A. present the results of a studyB. encourage women to get higher educationC. analyze the relationship between education and lifeD. discuss why women usually live longer than men9. A woman with higher education is likely to ________.A. teach her children wellB. earn more money than her husbandC. marry a man without many bad habitsD. choose a husband with a higher degree than hers10. A wife’s education has more effect on a family than a husband’s because ________.A. women make more sacrifices to their families than men doB. most women have higher degrees than their husbandsC. most men marry women with higher degreesD. women have a leading role in the home life of most families11. We learn from the passage that ________.A. a man with a lot of education lives longer than one with littleB. educated wives tend to choose healthy lifestyles for their familiesC. highly-educated women don’t marry uneducated menD. a man’s longevity depends on not only his wife’s level of education but also his ownDDepression（抑郁症）in young adult males, ages 18 or 19, is linked to a 20% greater risk of having a heart attack in middle age, according to a new Swedish study.The link can be partly explained by poorer stress resilience（抗压能力）and lower physical fitness among teens with mental disorders.Theresearch included 238,013 men born between 1958 and 1962 who were given examinations in adolescence（青春期）and were then followed into middle age（up to the age of 58 years）. A total of 34,503 menwere diagnosed（诊断）with a mental disorder.The study found thata mental disorder in young adulthond was linked to a higher risk of having heart attack by middle age. Compared to men without a mental illness in young adulthood，the risk of heart attack was 20%higher among men with a diagnosis.“We already knew that menwho were physically fit in adolescence seem less likely to keep fitness in later years if they have low stress resilience” said study author Dr. Bergh, “Our research has also shown that low stress resilience is also connected with a greater tendency towards bad behavior, such as higher risks of smoking, drinking and other drug use.”“Better fitness in adolescence is likely to help protect against later heart disease, particularly if people stay fit as they age. Physical activities may also reduce some of the bad effects of stress. Those in poor health could benefit from additional support to encourage exercise and develop plans to deal with stress,” said Bergh.12. How does the author develop paragraph 3?A. By giving examples.B. By listing figures.C. By making a comparison.D. By drawing a conclusion.13. What are men with low stress resilience likely to do?A. Smoke more.B. Eat more.C. Sleep less.D. Do less exercise.14. What will Bergh agree with according to the last paragraph?A. Physical activitiesadd to stress.B. Stress may cause heart disease.C. Taking exercise is unnecessary.D. Staying fit is of great importance.15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Education.D. Fashion.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019_2020学年上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
2019-2020学年市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model.C. A shirt designer.D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school.C. Ina travel agency.D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It's not good enough.B. It’s none of the woman’s business,C. It’s not true.D. It's out of expectation.4. A. He decided to try a new barbershop.B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America.B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn’t k now where it is.B. She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus.B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. Call the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term.B. She doesn’t trust the mail.C. She didn’t l like her geography professor.D. She won’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn’t think it will snow.B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She MI be too tired to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. lie doesn’t recommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food.B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn.B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to Pearson’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold.B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson’s new textbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable.B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. 1 heir extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18.A. Essential. B. Impolite.C. Comfortable.D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments.B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer’s patients (老年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer’s patients already.The Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer’s patients identify people in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer’s patients connect with their loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect)with her family,” Yang said. It was a task she was well-prepared to undertake,(27)________venture capitalists didn’t take her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised more than $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow’s leaders. “Technology has been able to make kids put their ideas into action，’’ she said “(30)________ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there, tell people about your idea and find out who’s onboard and can get behind it，you’ll eventually find that team of people.”Section Bdefinitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__ something “truly remarkable”. Krauss says before Hawking， physicists thought that the large gravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combining quantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n) __34__ problem in the way physicists understand our world一a problem that Krauss says has yet to be resolved.But his fame wasn’t just a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popularpublic____36____ and best-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences，the audience focused their attention on him. And it wasn’t just the scientists but the general public as well who showed great __37__ for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons several times as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking’s disease left him almost（瘫痪的）.It look an enormous __39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It’s tempting to say that Hawking achieved his fame in spite of his __40__ chal lenges.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on a daily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite__41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open —an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly-stressed showing ''significa nt”reduction in cortisol levels — a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__ cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__,” said Patricia Pendry, an ass ociate professor in WSU's Department of Human Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention (介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while __48__ others petting the animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth group had to __49__and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they woke up in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to help relieve the pressures of higher education. “We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__53 __ emotions,” Dr. Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__ way. And it did, which is __55__because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”41. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal42. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being43. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from44. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance45. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact46. A. real-life B. part-time C. contributions D. high-quality47. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches48. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching49. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate50. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips51. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct52. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors53. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive54. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective55. A. demanding B.challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year，the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common—hip hop. This weekend the San-Francisco International Hip Hop Dance-Fest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each Dance-Fest has diversity (多样化）of style and group size, and a balance of local and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in for Dance-Fest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that the festival organizers are looking for. They look for much more—groups or artists that think outside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues are sure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance "Tables and Chairs” served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya，in any introduction to Dance-Fest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producing high energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San-Francisco newspaper once described her as “Best Dance Instructor”.However，Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. She made it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In 1999 she started Dance-Fest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity of hip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive Riles leave little room for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya's festival challenges us “to reconsider just how diverse and embracing hip hop can now be.” Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.56. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of Dance-Fest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique Riles and the challenge of Dance-Fest.57. Hip-hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dance-fest if they cannot only dance skillfully but alsoA. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters58. By “dubious reputation” in the la st paragraph，the author means hip hop back then.A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition59. What can be concluded about Dance-Fest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School PoliciesThe enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School is subject to the School’s Admissions and Entry policies and other policies and pro cedures (including those relating to discipline and curriculum) as modified by the School f rom time to time 4. FeesSchool Fees are listed on the Fee Schedule and subject to variation fr om time to time. A full term’s tui tion is payable for any term during which the pupil is in attendance i rrespective of the number of days attended. If tuition fees have not b een paid, they shall remain due an d payable and the Refundable Depo sit shall be used to pay the tuition fees and the parents / guardians r emain responsible for the rest. The School reserves the right to e xclude a pupil where tuition or oth er fees are not paid in full by the due date. The School may also ke ep back any information, pupil repo rts or property in such circumstanc es.2. Withdrawal by Parent / GuardianParents / Guardians shall give a minimum of6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from the School. Notice received during a school holiday will be considered to have been received on the first day of the following session.3. Refundable Deposit 5. Termination by the schoolOn the offer of a place at the School, the R efundable Deposit becomes payable. This is t o secure enrolment at the School until the te rmly or annual fees have been paid. The Ref undable Deposit is refundable, and shall be w ithout interest and without taking into accoun t changes in exchange rates. The school may terminate this agre ement when permanent exclusion or removal is required. The School s hall not take such action without g ood cause and full consultation wit h parents / guardians and the pupil. Parents / guardians have the right to appeal to the Orbital Education International Schools Development Officer on a decision to permane ntly exclude a pupil.60. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_______” in a schools admissions booklet.A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration61. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils gel their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. There fundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.62. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. there fundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupils place in the schoolD. the school’s admissions and entry policies remain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smart-phones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking his Total Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean?” The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn’t have an answer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be applied to their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissio ns footprint of information and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder of HINT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smart-phones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centres and communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICI, they also found that ICI has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“For every text message, for every - phone call, every video you upload or download, there's a data centre making this happen.” Belkhir exp lains.' Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It’s the energy consumption we don’t see.”Among all the devices, ti*ends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smart-phones. While smart-phones consume little energy to operate. 85% of their emissions impact comes from production.A smart-phone’s chip and motherboard (芯片牙口主板）require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at ahigh cost. Smart-phones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary - amount of waste.Belkirhas made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good news is Google and Facebook data centres are going to am on renewable energy. But there need s to be a policy in place so that all data centres follow. Also. It’s not sustainable to have a two-year plan for smart-phones.”63. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to_______.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belcher’s student's creativity and critical thinking64. One reason why smart-phones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that_______.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate65. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _______.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smart-phonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smart-phonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres66. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.F.It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been made unfarmable.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist (水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plant roots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular. ______67______Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria's smart farmer. He and his team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago ill Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. "Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we are not depending on seasons. So it’s no longer seasonal farming. It is just farming anytime of the year，meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year.”________68________It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming. It took a lot of effort to change peopled minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares of farmland is being used, instead of the 78.5 million hectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent o f the land is fertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. ________69_________ Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity. Philippines is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council. He says the government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmers can quickly increase planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology. The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeri a’s economy. _______70________ For now, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employee s’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offering fitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to being successful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and in your personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. That’s a g ift worth celebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。
2019-2020学年崇明县崇西中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年崇明县崇西中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBIn June, 2021, a group of students from eight high schools in Winnipeg, the capital of Canada’s Manitoba province, will begin test-launching (试发射) a satellite the size of a Rubik’s cube.The one-kilogram Win-Cube satellite, named for its home city and its shape, will be put into low orbit. Once in space, it can perform for a few months or up to several years, communicating information that could help find the signs of earthquakes.There are 80 similar satellite projects worldwide, but this is the first high-school based program of its kind in Canada. 30 Manitoba high school students are having a hand in designing and building the satellite, in cooperation with aerospace (航空航天的) experts and 10 students from the University of Manitoba, and with support from two other organizations.The Win-Cube project is not something that goes on a piece of paper; it is real-world engineering, allowing high school students to have an opportunity to learn more about the exciting world of engineering through their participation in this challenging program. It is also taken as a wonderful example of the unique partnerships within Manitoba. Designing, building and launching a satellite with high-school participation will bring this world-class educational project into reality and Manitoba closer to space“These Manitoba high school students deserve congratulations for their enthusiasm, innovation (创新), and a strong love for discovery,” said Education, Citizenship and Youth Minister Peter Bjomson. “We want to make science more relevant, interesting and attractive to high school students by showing them how classroom studies can relate to practical experience in the workplace or, in this case, in space,” Bjomson added.The Win-Cube program is mainly aimed at inspiring a strong desire for discovery on the part of the students. It also shows Manitoba’s devotion to research and innovation and the development of a skilled workforce—all important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth.4. What can we learn from Mr. Bjomson? .A. Those Manitoba high school students are worth praising.B. The study of space can be practically made in classrooms.C. Manitoba high schools are famous for the study of space.D. Scientific research is too far away from high school students.5. What is the primary purpose of the project ? .A. To find the early signs of earthquakes.B. To relate studies to practical.C. To help high school students study real-world engineering.D. To inspire a strong desire for discovery among the students.6. According to the passage, what can we know about the Win-Cube satellite? .A. It is named after Manitoba and its shape.B. It is intended for international communication.C. It is designed like a Rubik’s cube both in shape and size.D. It is challenged by university students around the world.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Manitoba SchoolB. Win-Cube ProgramC. Space Co-operationD. Satellite LaunchingCIf you think you’d like to live on Mars, you may have that possibility by 2023. A Dutch company called Mars One will soon advertise for people interested in colonizing (开拓) Mars. Ifyou have all the necessary skills, you could be one of the first colonists. Are you ready for the challenge?You won’t have to pay for the mission to Mars. Mars One has already received money from some donors and is hoping to get more from TV viewers who will become interested in the show where all applicants have a debate for the rare chances.The main responsibility of the first colonists is to create an artificial environment on Mars where there is no air to breathe and no land to farm. Scientists know it’s quite possible because something similar has already been done inAntarctica.Another problem is that space travel to Mars takes nearly a year to get to Mars and the colonists will live the rest of their lives there. When a human lives in an environment without gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the systems in the body weaken. Luckily, spinning (旋转) the spaceship can create artificial gravity, and artificial gravity can ease these problems. It will also be difficult for Mars colonists to be far from home, living in smallspaces, and seeing the same people over and over. Colonists with depression could put the mission in danger. Fortunately, a few years ago, a joint Russian and European project called the Mars500 Mission studied people’s reactions in a Mars-like environment. It is viewed as a great success because scientists were able to see how people handle emotional and physical stresses.Recent studies show that seven percent of people would want to go on such an adventure.Mars One will soon start accepting its first colonists. Are you interested?8. What do we know about the applicants to Mars from the first two paragraphs?A. They will land on Mars in 2023.B. They can get money from donors.C. They will compete in a TV show.D. They do not need special skills.9. What will the first colonists do to solve the basic living problems on Mars?A. Create earth-like conditions.B. Build labs inAntarctica.C. Spin the spaceship.D. Start the Mars500Mission.10. What can the life of the first colonists be like according to the passage?A. Difficult and dangerous.B. Different but adaptable.C. Challenging and unbearable .D. Acceptable but depressing.11. What’s the best title for the text?A. Mars: our final destination?B. Ready to be Mars’ colonists?C. Space travel: a thrilling adventure?D. Are you a qualified Mars astronaut?DMy entire life has been influenced by the fact that I stand way above the average height for both men and women. I was born two weeks late. When I finally entered the world I weighed 11 pounds 10 ounces and was 24 inches long. When my mom told my grandmother my measurements, she asked in amazement, "Are you okay?!"I was healthy, but very shy as a child and into my teens. I'm from a small town, and I grew up and graduated with the same 50 people. I started playing basketball in third grade every Saturday, but I didn't have any control over my awkward body. (I didn't even score a point in a game until many years later.) I was 5-foot-10 in fourth grade. I had a small group of friends in elementary school, but sometimes the boys picked on me, calling me a bean pole or the Jolly Green Giant. I still remember my embarrassment when they laughed at me, and how badly I wanted to be invisible.In high school I got more involved in sports, but I spent most days in the art room. By this time everyone at my school was used to my height (by ninth grade I was 6-foot-3), but if I went out of town people would stare at me and comment about my appearance.I was forced into the spotlight wherever I went.With high school came more confidence. I had success in school, the arts and sports. I played basketball, but my true passion was track and field. During my senior year I was the conference champion in high jump and the 400-meter run. The friendships I gained through my involvement in high school boosted my confidence and helped me develop a sense of humor. Now when a stranger told me I was tall I would smile and nod or, if I was feeling determined, I would pretend to feel shocked and thank them for telling me. I had no idea!Still, society keeps me aware of my status as something rare. And even though people tell me I'm beautiful and I should be a model, there are times when I would trade in my long legs for a small frame and tiny feet. I often wish people weren't so rude. I'm a minority only in the sense of height. I like to think that those who have insulted me didn't intend to. I do believe that most people are basically good, but they can be insensitive.12. What can be inferred from Para.1?A. The writer's height has something to do with her late birth.B. Grandmother was unwilling to have the writer as her grandchild.C. The writer failed to have a successful life because of her unusual height.D. The writer was heavier and bigger compared with other babies when she was born.13. By saying 'I was forced into the spotlight', the author probably means that she ________.A.was criticized by othersB. caught public attentionC. was threatenedD. felt inferior14. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned as the writer's experiences in high school?A. She quit playing basketball and joined the track and field team.B. She no longer felt upset when facing her height problem.C. She had a passion for some sports events.D. She built up more confidence.15. What does the last sentence imply?A. People enjoy making fun of others.B. People are bad andcannot be trusted.C. People tend to bully those who are weaker.D. People sometimes care little about how others feel.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2019-2020 学年上海市崇明区高三英语一模试卷(考试时间120 分钟，满分140 分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A housewife. B. A fashion model.C. A shirt designer.D. A shop assistant.2. A. In a bank. B. In a school.C. Ina travel agency.D. In a stock exchange.3. A. It's not good enough.B. It ’s none of the woman ’s business,C. It ’s not true.D. It's out of expectation.4. A. He decided to try a new barbershop.B. The woman mistook him for another guy.C. A different person cut his hair this time.D. Another friend also commented on his hair.5. A. The tipping rule in America.B. Important aspects in American culture.C. The general tax rate in America.D. Tips on understanding American culture.6. A. She doesn ’t know where it is.B. She's angry with the man for forgetting it.C. She'd like the man to return it tomorrow.D. She didn't realize the man had borrowed it.7. A. Book a hotel on the campus.B. Reserve a hotel a little far away.C. Call the local hotels again a few days later.D. Ask her parents to come at a different weekend.8. A. She took a history class last term.B. She doesn ’t t r t u h s e t mail.C. She didn ’t l like her geography professor.D. She won ’t take any history classes.9. A. She doesn ’t think it will snow.B. The meeting place has been changed.C. The meeting has been canceled.D. She MI be too tired to walk to the meeting.10. A. He is not an experienced skier at all.B. He has never been to Central Mountain.C. He doesn't plan to go skiing during spring breaks.D. lie doesn r’ectommend going to Central Mountain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and youwill be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The history of movie-popcorn relationship.B. The reasons for moviegoers loving popcorn.C. The functions of popcorn in movie-watching.D. The special smell of popcorn in movie theaters.12. A. It was considered an unhealthy food.B. It could lower the movie ticket prices.C. It was unpopular with theater owners.D. It could spoil the luxurious atmosphere.13. A. The higher reputation of popcorn.B. The increase of popcorn prices.C. The rise of less luxurious theaters.D. The improvement of popcorn smell.Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Pearson's plan to publish electronic books in the U.S. college market.B. Pearson's publishing history and its future in the U.S. college market.C. The reasons for the drop of Pearson sales in the U.S. college market.D. The reaction of the U.S. college market to P earson ’s digital publishing.15. A. Parts of Pearson have been sold.B. Pearson has been trying to save money.C. Some employees have left Pearson.D. Pearson ’s netewxtbooks have been costly.16. A. Their publishing time is more predictable.B. They are more adaptable than its printed ones.C. They will be updated more timely.D. 1 heir extra learning tools will be free.Questions 17through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Opening social media accounts. B. Posting personal photos online.C. Interacting with online followers.D. Finding friendships on social media.18.A. Essential. B. Impolite.C. Comfortable.D. Unwise.19. A. Urging people to make nice comments.B. Encouraging people to become volunteers.C. Providing people with job opportunities.D. Helping people establish life-lasting friendships.20. A. The man is cautious about sharing online.B. The man is ignorant of online opportunities.C. The woman thinks it safer to hide the identity online.D. The woman loves sharing secrets with online friends.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A 14-year-old Girl Built an App to Help Alzheimer ’s patients老(年痴呆症患者）For many teenagers, their lives typically might circle around schoolwork and spending time with friends. Not so for Emma Yang. Though the Hong Kong-born girl is only 14, she (21)________(create) her own mobile app for Alzheimer alrea’d y s.patientsThe Timeless app, which Yang spent two years (22)________(develop), comes with several important features. It is an artificial intelligence-powered facial recognition system in the app (23)________helps Alzheimer ’s patients i d p e e n o t p i f l y e in photos and remember who they are. It also allows photos (24)________(group)by individuals as well as provides a picture-based phone book, which enables a user to tap on photos to call or text a person.The inspiration to develop an app that would help Alzheimer ents conn’e c t s w p i a t h t i t heir loved ones came to Yang at the age of 12, when her grandmother started forgetting things like (25)________she lived and Yang's birthday.“I wanted to create something to help people like my grandmother stay (26)________(connect)with her family, ”Y ang said. It was a task she was well -prepared to undertake,(27)________venture capitalists didn ’tatke her work seriously. Yang started a crowd finding campaign in March last year to support her 37/we/es^ app project. That effort raised morethan $10,000.At present Yang works with an international team that includes a designer in California and a developer in Cologne, Germany. The chief technology officer of Kairos, the AI company (28)________ technology is used in the Timeless app, is now Yang’s adviser.Yang urged other young, ambitious people to believe in (29)________because the teenagers of today will be tomorrow ’lesaders. “Technologyhas been able to make kids put their ideas intoaction，’’she said _“__(_3_0_)__ ________ _______yon get out there and put yourself out there,tell people about your idea and find out who ’s onboard and can，g y e o t u b’e h l i l n e d v i e t ntuallyfind that team of people. ”Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in thebox. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. drewB. allowedC. resultD. transformedE. physicalF. discoveredG. effort H. figure I. respect J. fundamental K. mutualStephen Hawking:The Extraordinary Scientist Who Changed Our Understanding of PhysicsThere aren ’vtery many scientists who achieved rock star status. Stephen Hawking was definitely one of them.Hawking was a theoretical physicist whose early work on black holes __31__ how scientists think about the nature of the universe. Lawrence Krauss, a theoretical physicist from Arizona State University and a friend and colleague of Hawking's, says that at a young age. Hawking __32__something “trulyremarkable ”Kr.auss says before Hawking ，physicists thought that the largegravity of a black hole __33__ everything in and nothing could escape. But by combiningquantum mechanics (量子力学）and the theory of relativity, Hawking showed something and changed everything about the way we think about gravity. Krauss says Hawking pointed out a(n)__34__ problem in the way physicists understand our world 一a problem that Krauss says has yetto be resolved.But his fame wasn’jtust a(n) __35__ of his research. Hawking, who had a rare disease that made it impossible for him to move or speak, was also a popularpublic____36____ andbest-selling author. When he came to scientific conferences ，the audience focused their attentionon him. And it wasn ’t ejustcitehntists but the general public as well who showed great __37__for him. His popular book about his work, A Brief History of Time, was a best-seller. But he agreed that that book was probably the least-read, most-bought book ever. This showed Hawking's sense of humor.That sense of humor, along with his fame, __38__ Hawking to appear on The Simpsons severaltimes as well as on a number of other popular shows.Toward the end of his life, Hawking ’s disease left h（im瘫a痪lm的os）t .It look an enormous__39__ for Hawking to communicate, using the tiny movements he could make to control a computer. It ’s tempting to say that Hawking achiehvisedfam e in spite of his __40__ challenges.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.What did we do to deserve cats and dogs? Not only are they super cute and make us smile on adaily basis, scientists from Washington State University have now proved that touching our favourite__41__ friends gently for just ten minutes is an effective way to reduce stress levels.In findings published in AERA Open —an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association —last month, scientists showed that the general __42__ of students improves quickly, with even those who are highly- stressed showing ''significant ”reduction in cortisol levels —a chemical produced by our bodies in times of stress.Many universities have adopted "Pet Your Stress Away" programs where students can __43__cats or dogs and it appears to be showing both psychological and physiological benefits now.The research, conducted by Washington State University (WSU), shows that pets improve students' moods, and their __44__ as stress-relieving physiological benefits. “Just 10 minutes can have a significant __45__, ”said P a t r i c i a a P n e a n s d s r o y c, iate professor in WSU's Department ofHuman Development.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students' cortisol levels during a __46__ intervention ( 介入).The team chose 249 college students and put them into tour random groups and compared the effects of different __47__ to animals. The first group were provided 10 minutes of actual interaction with dogs and cats. The second group waited in line while __48__ others pettingthe animals. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals, while the fourth grouphad to __49__and was told they would be allowed to sec the animals after 10 minutes.Salivary cortisol __50__ were collected from each participant starting from the moment they wokeup in the morning. There was significantly less cortisol in the saliva of students who had __51__ interaction with the pets.Many universities have started these __52__ where students can interact with cats or dogs to helprelieve the pressures of higher education. “We a l r e s a t u d d y e k n n t s e w e n t j h o a y t i nteracting with animals, and that it helps them experience more__53 __ emotions, ”. DPrendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less __54__way. And it did, which is __55__because the reduction of stress chemicals may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and ment al health. ”21. A. new B. furry C. close D. personal22. A. endurance B. awareness C. education D. well-being23. A. glance at B. focus on C. interact with D. escape from24. A. presence B. performance C. intelligence D. perseverance25. A. potential B. problem C. chance D. impact26. A. real-life B. part-time C. contributions D. high-quality27. A. responses B. exposures C. contributions D. approaches28. A. keeping B. preventing C. observing D. catching29. A. swear B. wait C. supervise D. appreciate30. A. samples B. levels C. injections D. tips31. A. little B. harmonious C. informal D. direct32. A. campaigns B. programs C. researches D. majors33. A. complex B. intense C. familiar D. positive34. A. subjective B. risky C. mysterious D. effective35. A. demanding B.challenging C. exciting D. disappointingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B. C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Every year ，the Palace of Fine Arts Theatre in San Francisco fills up with dance lovers. They come to take in experimental works of art that all have one thing in common —hip hop. This weekend the San-Francisco International Hip Hop Dance-Fest celebrates 20 years of presenting electrifying hip hop performances.Each Dance-Fest has diversity ( 多样化）of style and group size, and a balance oflocal and out-of-town companies. From Vietnam to Brazil to Uganda to the Czech Republic, the festival has drawn impressive international talent.After a long process, only the most exceptional companies are flown in forDance-Fest. In fact, outstanding technical dance skills are only a basic standard that thefestival organizers are looking for. They look for much more —groups or artists that thinkoutside the box. Artists that use hip hop in a theatrical way or to address social issues aresure to stand out. For instance, the 2010 performance "Tables and Chairs ”served to underline the negative effects of alcoholism on society.It would be terribly irresponsible not to mention the founder, Micaya ，in any introduction to Dance-Fest. A popular hip hop dance instructor, Micaya began producinghigh energy dance shows in the heart of San Francisco in 1993.Students of all ages and backgrounds love her classes so much that a San-Francisco newspaper once described heras “Best Dance Instructor ”.However ，Micaya was concerned about the then dubious reputation of hip hop. Shemade it her goal to get hip hop the same recognition and respect as other dance forms. In1999 she started Dance-Fest. It was the first festival of its kind to honor the creativity ofhip hop dance in a non-competitive atmosphere. To Micaya, competitive Riles leave littleroom for the magic that comes from true expression. One review said, Micaya's festival challenges us “to reconsidjuesrt ho w diverse and embracing hip hop can now be. ”Indeed, Micaya brings out the best in dancers, and has given San Francisco one of its finest festivals.36. What is the passage mainly about?A. The creativity of hip hop.B. The characteristics and the history of Dance-Fest.C. The best instructor of hip hop.D. The unique Riles and the challenge of Dance-Fest.37. Hip-hop dancers are more likely to be chosen for Dance-fest if they cannot only danceskillfully but alsoA. dance on the outside of the boxB. give up drinking alcohol before dancingC. handle social problems with their danceD. show their technical dance skills in theaters38. By “dubious reputation ”in the last parag，r apthe author means hip hop back then.A. was forbidden in publicB. was considered something badC. received too much attentionD. lacked creativity and competition39. What can be concluded about Dance-Fest?A. It is a competition for hip hop dancers.B. It is a dance festival for various dance forms.C. It is successful in popularizing hip hop.D. It is better respected than other dance festivals.(B)1. Admission and School Policies 4. FeesThe enrolment of a prospective pupil to the School Fees are listed on the Fee School is subject to the School ’sAdmissions Schedule and subject to variation fr and Entry policies and other policies and pro om time to time. A full term ’stui cedures (including those relating to discipline tion is payable for any term during and curriculum) as modified by the School f which the pupil is in attendance i rom time to time rrespective of the number of days attended. If tuition fees have not b 2. Withdrawal by Parent / Guardianeen paid, they shall remain due an Parents / Guardians shall give a minimum ofd payable and the Refundable Depo 6 weeks written notice of withdrawal from tsit shall be used to pay the tuition he School. Notice received during a school h fees and the parents / guardians r oliday will be considered to have been recei emain responsible for the rest. ved on the first day of the following session.The School reserves the right to exclude a pupil where tuition or other fees are not paid in full by thedue date. The School may also keep back any information, pupil reports or property in such circumstances.40. Refundable Deposit 5. Termination by the schoolOn the offer of a place at the School, the R The school may terminate this agre efundable Deposit becomes payable. This is t ement when permanent exclusion oro secure enrolment at the School until the te removal is required. The School srmly or annual fees have been paid. The Ref hall not take such action without g undable Deposit is refundable, and shall be w ood cause and full consultation witithout interest and without taking into accoun h parents / guardians and the pupil.t changes in exchange rates. Parents / guardians have the rightto appeal to the Orbital EducationInternational Schools DevelopmentOfficer on a decision to permanently exclude a pupil.2. The passage can most probably be found in the part “_______ ”in a schools admissions booklet.A. Application ProceduresB. Terms and ConditionsC. Frequently Asked QuestionsD. Acknowledgement and Declaration3. What can be learned about tuition fees?A. Tuition fees are usually paid after pupils gel their school reports.B. Tuition fees can be paid according to the number of days attended.C. There fundable deposit can be used to pay the tuition after the due date.D. A pupil may be removed from school if part of his tuition fees is overdue.4. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.A. a pupil can withdraw from the school as soon as his guardian gives a written noticeB. there fundable deposit should be paid after the pupil begins study in the schoolC. both the school and the guardian can determine the pupils place in the schoolD. the school ’s admissions and entry policiesremain the same all these years(C)Data centres and smart-phones will be the most damaging information and communications technologies (ICT) to the environment by 2040, according to new research from W Booth School's Lotfi Belkhir.At the end of winter term in 2014, Lotfi Belkhir was approached by a student taking hisTotal Sustainability and Management course who asked, “What does software sustainability mean? ”The Entrepreneurship and Innovation Associate Professor at the W Booth School of Engineering Practice and Technology didn have an’an t swer.Belkhir teaches students to think creatively about sustainability tools that can be appliedto their ventures. But his tools, at the time, mainly applied to hardware, not software.The student's question inspired Belkhir's latest research on the global emissions footprintof information and communications technology.Belkhir, along with Ahmed Elmeligi, a recent W Booth graduate and co-founder ofHINT(Healthcare Innovation in Neuro Technology), studied the carbon footprint of consumer devices such as smart-phones, laptops, tablets, desktops as well as data centresand communication networks as early as 2005. Their findings were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production.Not only did they discover that software is driving the consumption of ICI, they also found that ICI has a greater impact on emissions than we thought and most emissions come from production and operation.“Forevery text message, for every - phone call, every video you upload or download, there's a data centre making this happen. ”Bel khir explains.' Telecommunications networks and data centres consume a lot of energy to serve you and most data centres continue to be powered by electricity produced by traditional fuels. It ’t s h e energy consumption we don ’t see. ”Among all the devices, ti*ends suggest that by 2020, the most damaging devices to the environment are smart-phones. While smart-phones consume little energy to operate. 85%of their emissions impact comes from production.A smart- phone ’schip and motherboard (芯片牙口主板）require the most amount of energy to produce as they are made up of precious metals that are mined at ahigh cost. Smart-phones also have a short life which drives further production of new models and an extraordinary - amount of waste.Belkirhas made policy recommendations based on his findings."Communication and data centres have to go under renewable energy now. The good newsis Google and Facebook data centres are going to am on renewable energy. But there needs to be a policy in place so that all data centres follo w. Also. It ’s snuosttainable to have a two-year plan for smart- phones. ”41. The story between Lotfi Belkhir and his student in 2014 was mentioned to_______.A. explain the importance of software sustainabilityB. illustrate the inspiration for Belkhir's latest researchC. reveal the damaging impact of ICT on the environmentD. show Belcher ’s student's creativity and critical thinking42. One reason why smart-phones may be the most damaging devices of all to the environment by 2020 is that_______.A. they are more precious than other devicesB. they drive the greatest consumption of ICTC. they are frequently replaced by new modelsD. they need large amounts of energy to operate43. To reduce the emission of ICT, Lotfi Belkhir suggests that _______.A. longer plans be made to create renewable data centresB. sustainable materials be invented to produce smart-phonesC. policies be established to advocate everlasting smart-phonesD. green energy be used to operate communication and data centres44. What is the main idea of the passage?A. ICT does greater harm to the environment than thought.B. Software can do irreversible damage to the environment.C. Software is more damaging to the environment than hardware.D. ICT will have the greatest impact on the environment by 2040.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given inthe box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences thanyou need.A. But setting up the aeroponic farm was not easy.B. The government wants to greatly expand this percentage.C. Many of the commercial aeroponic systems are relatively costly.D. Aeroponics, however, does not require traditional farm work or much land.E. Growing with aeroponics is not difficult and its benefits far outweigh any disadvantages.F.It could make a big difference in places where huge amounts of land have been made unfarmable.Growing Food from Air in NigeriaA group of farmers in Nigeria is using a technology-based method to grow crops from mist(水汽) in the air. The method, known as aeroponics, does not involve soil. Instead, plantroots hang in the air. The roots take in nutrients from a watery mist.Aeroponics is not well-known in Nigeria, but farmers there are working to make the technique more popular. ______67______Biochemist Samson Ogbole is popularly known as Nigeria's smart farmer. He andhis team are growing crops without soil at the technology-based farm they started three years ago ill Abeokuta. Ogbole says they are on a campaign to end seasonal food scarcity in Nigeria. "Because we are the ones controlling everything that the plant requires, we arenot depending on seasons. So it ’s no longer s e f a a s r o m n i n a g l. It is just farming anytime ofthe year ，meaning we can plant anytime of the year, and we can harvest anytime of the year. ”________68________It required financing of more than $180,000. And some people in Abeokuta were very much against this non-traditional method of farming. It tooka lot of effort to change peopled minds about aeroponics.In Nigeria, about 30 million hectares of farmland is being used, instead of the 45. million hectares required for food security. In the north, only 49 percent of the land isfertile, a situation that worries traditional farmers. ________69_________ Nutrients for the plants are controlled by a recycling system, greatly increasing productivity.Philippines is director general of Nigeria's National Agricultural Seeds Council. He saysthe government welcomes new farming methods. Ojo noted that with aeroponics, farmerscan quickly increase planting materials. So, his group strongly supports the technology.The agricultural industry represents about 40 percent of Nigeria ’seconomy. _______70________ For now, most farmers lack the technical knowledge to increase productivity. They also need access to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests. Technologically skilled farmers like Samson Ogbole are offering a new way forward.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Giving ThanksThis is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we're thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays sospecial. But why should we limit it to just a few weeks in the years? Gratitude is a musclewe should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Emmons, through his research, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25percent happier than those who weren't. In the workplace, well-being is a crucial topicwhen it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated arc more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees ’we-llbeing is simply the right thingto do. Providing programs that support managing life's everyday challenges, offeringfitness classes orimplementing flexible work schedules are just a few things that, whenpaired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier workingprofessionals.Working in an ever-evolving, fast-paced industry, I am surrounded by ambitiouspeople who are always striving for more and better. Gratitude challenges yon to reflect inthe moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention towhat's going on in your life, and that true self-awareness is a key ingredient to beingsuccessful in your career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for strengthening relationships, both at work and inyour personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgiveothers and therefore able to create long-lasting connections.The old saying goes “It ’s never too late to say you ’re sorry, ”but the same is true of gratitude. That ’s a gifthwcoerltebrating 365 days a year.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in thebrackets.46. 出于好奇，杰克向村民们打听了这座城堡的历史。