Standards for Aluminum Products from SAPA

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ASTM有色金属标准.B221

1.3 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this speciﬁcation, see Annex A2.
1.4 A complete metric companion to B 221 has been developed—B 221M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this speciﬁcation.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.1 This speciﬁcation2 covers aluminum and aluminum-
alloy extruded bar, rod, wire, proﬁle, and tube in the aluminum alloys (Note 1) and tempers shown in Table 2.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of material purchase, unless otherwise noted, form a part of this speciﬁcation to the extent referenced herein:
E 34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys

ASTM B108108M-2015 铝和铝合金永久型模铸件的化学成分和力学性能

Designation:B108/B108M−15Standard Speciﬁcation forAluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold Castings1This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation B108/B108M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1This speciﬁcation2covers aluminum-alloy permanent mold castings designated as shown in Table1.1.2This speciﬁcation is for aluminum-alloy permanent mold castings used in general purpose applications.It may not address the mechanical properties,integrity testing,and veri-ﬁcation required for highly loaded or safety critical applica-tions.1.3Alloy and temper designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M).The equivalent uniﬁed numbering system alloy designations are in accordance with Practice E527.1.4Unless the order speciﬁes the“M”speciﬁcation designation,the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.5For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys and their properties in this speciﬁcation, see Annex A1and Annex A2.1.6Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.7This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of casting purchase form a part of this speciﬁcation to the extent referenced herein:2.2ASTM Standards:3B179Speciﬁcation for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot and Mol-ten Forms for Castings from All Casting ProcessesB275Practice for Codiﬁcation of Certain Zinc,Tin and Lead Die CastingsB557Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum-and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB557M Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum-and Magnesium-Alloy Products(Metric)B660Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB881Terminology Relating to Aluminum-and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB917/B917M Practice for Heat Treatment of Aluminum-Alloy Castings from All ProcessesB985Practice for Sampling Aluminum Ingots,Billets,Cast-ings and Finished or Semi-Finished Wrought Aluminum Products for Compositional AnalysisD3951Practice for Commercial PackagingE29Practice for Using Signiﬁcant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpeciﬁcationsE34Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base AlloysE94Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE155Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum and Magnesium CastingsE165Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General IndustryE527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Uniﬁed Numbering System(UNS)E607Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-nique Nitrogen Atmosphere(Withdrawn2011)4E716Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition by Spectrochemical Analysis1This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01on Aluminum Alloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved May1,2015.Published May2015.Originally approved st previous edition approved in2014as B108/B108M–14. DOI:10.1520/B0108_B0108M-15.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Code application see related SB-108.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on .*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959.United StatesE1251Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-num Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry E2422Digital Reference Images for Inspection of Alumi-num CastingsIEEE/ASTM SI 10Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI):The Modern Metric System 2.3ANSI Standard:5H35.1/H35.1(M)Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum2.4Military Standards:6MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and StorageMIL-STD-276Impregnation of Porous Nonferrous Metal CastingsNA VSEA S9074-AR-GIB-010/278Requirements for Fabri-cation Welding and Inspection,and Casting Inspection and Repair for Machinery,Piping,and Pressure Vessels5Available from Aluminum Association,Inc.,1525Wilson Blvd.,Suite 600,Arlington,V A 22209,.6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk,DODSSP,Bldg.4,Section D,700Robbins Ave.,Philadelphia,PA 19111-5098,.TABLE 1Chemical Composition Limits A ,B ,CAlloyComposition,%ANSI D UNS Aluminum Silicon Iron Copper Manga-neseMagne-sium Chromium Nickel Zinc Titanium Tin Other Elements E Each Total F 204.0A02040remainder 0.200.35 4.2–5.00.100.15–0.35...0.050.100.15–0.300.050.050.15242.0A02420remainder 0.7 1.0 3.5–4.50.35 1.2–1.80.25 1.7–2.30.350.25...0.050.15296.0remainder 2.0–3.0 1.2 4.0–5.00.350.05...0.350.500.25......0.35308.0remainder 5.0–6.0 1.0 4.0–5.00.500.10...... 1.00.25......0.50319.0A03190remainder 5.5–6.5 1.0 3.0–4.00.500.10...0.35 1.00.25......0.50332.0G A03320remainder 8.5–10.5 1.2 2.0–4.00.500.50–1.5...0.50 1.00.25......0.50333.0A03330remainder 8.0–10.0 1.0 3.0–4.00.500.05–0.50...0.50 1.00.25......0.50336.0G A03360remainder 11.0–13.0 1.20.50–1.50.350.7–1.3... 2.0–3.00.350.25...0.05...354.0A03540remainder 8.6–9.40.20 1.6–2.00.100.40–0.6......0.100.20...0.050.15355.0A03550remainder 4.5–5.50.6H 1.0–1.50.50H 0.40–0.60.25...0.350.25...0.050.15C355.0A33550remainder 4.5–5.50.20 1.0–1.50.100.40–0.6......0.100.20...0.050.15356.0A03560remainder 6.5–7.50.6H 0.250.35H 0.20–0.45......0.350.25...0.050.15A356.0A13560remainder 6.5–7.50.200.200.100.25–0.45......0.100.20...0.050.15357.0remainder 6.5–7.50.150.050.030.45–0.6......0.050.20...0.050.15A357.0A13570remainder 6.5–7.50.200.200.100.40–0.7......0.100.04–0.20...0.05I 0.15E357.0remainder 6.5–7.50.100.100.55–0.6.........0.10–0.20...0.05J 0.15F357.0remainder 6.5–7.50.100.200.100.40–0.7......0.100.04–0.20...0.05J 0.15359.0A03590remainder 8.5–9.50.200.200.100.50–0.7......0.100.20...0.050.15443.0A04430remainder 4.5–6.00.80.60.500.050.25...0.500.25......0.35B443.0A24430remainder 4.5–6.00.80.150.350.05......0.350.25...0.050.15A444.0A14440remainder 6.5–7.50.200.100.100.05......0.100.20...0.050.15513.0G A05130remainder 0.300.400.100.30 3.5–4.5...... 1.4–2.20.20...0.050.15535.0A05350remainder 0.150.150.050.10–0.25 6.2–7.5.........0.10–0.25...0.05K 0.15705.0A07050remainder 0.200.80.200.40–0.6 1.4–1.80.20–0.40... 2.7–3.30.25...0.050.15707.0A07070remainder 0.200.80.200.40–0.6 1.8–2.40.20–0.40... 4.0–4.50.25...0.050.15711.0G A07110remainder 0.300.7–1.40.35–0.650.050.25–0.45...... 6.0–7.00.20...0.050.15713.0A07130remainder 0.25 1.10.40–1.00.60.20–0.500.350.157.0–8.00.25...0.100.25850.0A08500remainder 0.70.70.7–1.30.100.10...0.7–1.3...0.20 5.5–7.0...0.30851.0G A08510remainder 2.0–3.00.70.7–1.30.100.10...0.3–0.7...0.20 5.5–7.0...0.30852.0GA08520remainder0.400.71.7–2.30.100.6–0.9...0.9–1.5...0.205.5–7.0...0.30A When single units are shown,these indicate the maximum amounts permitted.BAnalysis shall be made for the elements for which limits are shown in this table.CThe following applies to all speciﬁed limits in this table:For purposes of determining conformance to these limits,an observed value or a calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of ﬁgures used in expressing the speciﬁed limit in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.DASTM alloy designations are recorded in Practice B275.EOthers includes listed elements for which no speciﬁc limit is shown as well as unlisted metallic elements.The producer may analyze samples for trace elements not speciﬁed in the speciﬁcation.However,such analysis is not required and may not cover all metallic Others elements.Should any analysis by the producer or the purchaser establish that an Others element exceeds the limit of Each or that the aggregate of several Others elements exceeds the limit of Total ,the material shall be considered nonconforming.FOther Elements —Total shall be the sum of unspeciﬁed metallic elements 0.010%or more,rounded to the second decimal before determining the sum.G336.0formerly A332.0,332.0formerly F332.0,513.0formerly A514.0,711.0formerly C712.0,851.0formerly A850.0,852.0formerly B850.0.HIf the iron content exceeds 0.45%,manganese content shall not be less than one half ofthe iron.IBeryllium 0.04–0.07.JBeryllium 0.002max KBeryllium 0.003–0.007,boron 0.005max.2.5AMS Speciﬁcation:AMS 2771Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings 72.6Federal Standard:6Fed Std.No.123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.7Other Standards:8CEN EN 14242Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys,Chemical Analysis,Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectral Analysis3.Terminology3.1Deﬁnitions—Refer to Terminology B881for deﬁnitions of product terms used in this speciﬁcation.4.Ordering Information4.1Orders for material under this speciﬁcation shall include the following information (see 1.4and 1.5):4.1.1This speciﬁcation designation (which includes the number,the year,and the revision letter,if applicable),N OTE 1—For inch-pound application,specify Speciﬁcation B108and for metric application specify Speciﬁcation B108M.Do not mix units.4.1.2Alloy (see Section 7and Table 1),4.1.3Temper (see Section 10and Table 2[Table 3]),TABLE 2Tensile Requirements A (Inch-Pound Units)N OTE 1—For purposes of determining conformance with this speciﬁcation,each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1ksi,and each value for elongation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5%,both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.AlloyTemperBTensile Strength,min,ksiYield Strength C (0.2%offset),min,ksiElongation in 2in.or 4×Diameter,min,%Typical Brinell Hardness D 500-kgf load,10-mm ballANSI E UNS 204.0A02040T4separately cast specimens 48.029.08.0...242.0A02420T57134.0...F 105T6140.0...F110296.0A02960T433.015.0 4.575T635.0... 2.090T733.016.0 3.0...308.0A03080F 24.0......70319.0A03190F 27.014.0 2.595332.0G A03320T531.0...F 105333.0A03330F 28.0...F 90T530.0...F 100T635.0...F 105T731.0...F 90336.0GA03360T55131.0...F 105T6540.0...F125354.0A03540T61separately cast specimens 48.037.0 3.0casting,designated area H47.036.0 3.0castings,no location designated H 43.033.0 2.0T62separately cast specimens 52.042.0 2.0castings,designated area H50.042.0 2.0castings,no location designated H 43.033.0 2.0355.0A03550T5127.0...F 75T6242.0...F 105T736.0...F 90T7134.027.0F80C355.0A33550T61separately cast specimens 40.030.0 3.085–90castings,designated area H40.030.0 3.0castings,no location designated H 37.030.0 1.085356.0A03560F 21.010.0 3.0T633.022.0 3.085T7125.0... 3.070A356.0A13560T61separately cast specimens 38.026.0 5.080–90castings,designated area H33.026.0 5.0castings,no location designated H 28.026.0 3.0357.0T645.0... 3.0...A357.0A13570T61separately cast specimens 45.036.0 3.0100castings,designated area H46.036.0 3.0...castings,no location designated H 41.031.0 3.0...E357.0IT61separately cast specimens 45.036.0 3.0100castings,designated area H46.036.0 3.0castings,no location designated H 41.031.03.0F357.0J T645.0 3.0359.0A03590T61separately cast specimens45.034.0 4.0907Availablefrom Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),400Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001,.8Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN),36Rue de Stassart,B-1050,Brussels,Belgium,http://www.cenorm.be.TemperBStrength,min,ksi(0.2%offset),min,ksi2in.or 4×Diameter,min,%Hardness 500-kgf load,10-mm ballANSI EUNScastings,designated area H45.034.0 4.0castings,no location designated H 40.030.0 3.0T62separately cast specimens 47.038.0 3.0100castings,designated area H47.038.0 3.0castings,no location designated H 40.030.0 3.0443.0A04430F 21.07.0 2.045B443.0A24430F 21.0 6.0 2.545A444.0A14440T4separately cast specimens 20.0...20...castings,designated area H 20.0...20...513.0G A05130F 22.012.0 2.560535.0A05350F35.018.08.0...705.0A07050T1or T537.017.010.0707.0A07070T142.025.0 4.0T745.035.0 3.0711.0G A07110T128.018.07.070713.0A07130T1or T532.022.0 4.0850.0A08500T518.0...8.0851.0G A08510T517.0... 3.0T618.0...8.0852.0GA08520T527.0...3.0A If agreed upon by manufacturer and the purchaser,other mechanical properties may be obtained by other heat treatments such as annealing,aging,or stress relieving.BRefer to ANSI H 35.1/H35.1(M)for description of tempers.CYield strength to be evaluated only when speciﬁed in contract or purchase order.DHardness values given for information only,not required for acceptance.EASTM alloy designations are recorded in Practice B275.FNot required.G332.0formerly F332.0,336.0formerly A332.0,513.0formerly A514.0,711.0formerly C712.0,851.0formerly A850.0,852.0formerly B850.0.HThese properties apply only to castings having section thicknesses not greater than 2in.except that section thicknesses of 3⁄4in.,max,shall apply to Alloy A444.0.IProperties copied from A357.0–T61.JProperties copied from 357.0–T6.TABLE 3Tensile Requirements (SI Units)–[Metric]ABN OTE 1—For purposes of determining conformance with this speciﬁcation,each value for tensile strength and yield strength shall be rounded to the nearest 1MPa and each value for elongation shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5%,both in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.AlloyTemper CTensile Strength,min,MPa DYield Strength E (0.2%offset),min,MPa DElongationin5D,min,%Typical Brinell Hardness F 500-kgf load,10-mm ballANSIGUNS 204.0A02040T4separately cast specimens 3302007.0...242.0A02420T571235...H 105T61275...H110296.0A02960T4230105 4.575T6240... 2.090T7230110 3.0...308.0A03080F 165......70319.0A03190F 18595 2.595332.0I A03320T5215...H 105333.0A03330F 195...H 90T5205...H 100T6240...H 105T7215...H 90336.0IA03360T551215...H 105T65275...H125354.0A03540T61separately cast specimens 330255 3.0casting,designated area J325250 3.0castings,no location designated J 295230 2.0T62separately cast specimens 360290 2.0castings,designated area J345290 2.0castings,no location designated J 295230 2.0355.0A03550T51185...H 75T62290...H 105T7250...H 90T71235185H80C355.0A33550T61separately cast specimens 275205 3.085–90castings,designated area J2752053.0Temper C Strength,min,MPa D(0.2%offset),min,MPa Din5D,min,%Hardness F500-kgf load,10-mm ballANSI G UNScastings,no location designated J255205 1.085 356.0A03560F14570 3.0T6230150 3.085T71170... 3.070 A356.0A13560T61separately cast specimens260180 4.080–90castings,designated area J230180 4.0castings,no location designated J195180 3.0 357.0T6310... 3.0...A357.0A13570T61separately cast specimens310250 3.0100castings,designated area J315250 3.0...castings,no location designated J285215 3.0...E357.0K T61separately cast specimens310250 3.0100castings,designated area J315250 3.0castings,no location designated J285215 3.0 F357.0L T6310 3.0359.0A03590T61separately cast specimens310235 4.090castings,designated area J310235 4.0castings,no location designated J275205 3.0T62separately cast specimens325260 3.0100castings,designated area J325260 3.0castings,no location designated J275205 3.0 443.0A04430F14550 2.045B443.0A24430F14540 2.545A444.0A14440T4separately cast specimens140...18.0...castings,designated area J140...18.0...513.0I A05130F15080 2.560535.0A05350F2401257.0...705.0A07050T1or T52551159.0707.0A07070T1290170 4.0T7310240 3.0 711.0I A07110T1195125 6.070713.0A07130T1or T5220150 4.0850.0A08500T5125...7.0851.0I A08510T5115... 3.0T6125...7.0 852.0I A08520T5185... 3.0A If agreed upon by manufacturer and the purchaser,other mechanical properties may be obtained by other heat treatments such as annealing,aging,or stress relieving.B Guidelines for metric conversion from the“Tempers for Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys,Metric Edition”(Tan Sheets)Appendix A,were used to convert the tensile and yield values to SI units.6C Refer to ANSI H35.1/H35.1(M)for description of tempers.D For explanation of the SI Unit“MPa”see Appendix X2.E Yield strength to be evaluated only when speciﬁed in contract or purchase order.F Hardness values given for information only,not required for acceptance.G ASTM alloy designations are recorded in Practice B275.H Not required.I332.0formerly F332.0,336.0formerly A332.0,513.0formerly A514.0,711.0formerly C712.0,851.0formerly A850.0,852.0formerly B850.0.J These properties apply only to castings having section thicknesses not greater than2in.except that section thicknesses of19-mm max,shall apply to Alloy A444.0. K Properties copied from A357.0–T61.L Properties copied from357.0–T6.4.1.4Applicable drawing or part number,and4.1.5The quantity in either pieces or pounds[kilograms].4.2Additionally,orders for material to this speciﬁcation shall include the following information when required by the purchaser.4.2.1Whether foundry control is required(see Section9), 4.2.2Whether yield strength tests are required(see10.1and Table2,Footnote C,[Table4,Footnote D]),4.2.3Whether castings or test bars,or both,are to be artiﬁcially aged for Alloys705.0-T5,707.0-T5,and713.0-T5 (see10.3),4.2.4Whether test specimens cut from castings are required in addition to or instead of separately cast specimens(see Sections10,12.2,13.2,and15),4.2.5Whether heat treatment is to be performed in accor-dance with AMS2771(see Section16),4.2.6Whether repairs are permissible(see Section17), 4.2.7Whether inspection is required at the producer’s works(see Section18),4.2.8Whether certiﬁcation is required(see Section22), 4.2.9Whether surface requirements will be checked visu-ally or by observational standards where such standards are established(see19.1),4.2.10Whether liquid penetrant inspection is required (see 19.2),4.2.11Whether radiographic inspection is required and,if so,the radiographic grade of casting required (19.3,Table 4),and4.2.12Whether Practices B660applies and,if so,the levels of preservation,packaging,and packing required (see 23.4).5.Responsibility for Quality Assurance5.1Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the contract or purchase order,the producer shall be responsible for the performance of all inspections and test requirements speciﬁed herein.Unless otherwise agreed upon,the producer may use his own or any other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test requirements speciﬁed herein.The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of the inspections and tests set forth in the speciﬁcation where such inspections are deemed necessary to conﬁrm that the material conforms to prescribed requirements.6.Manufacture6.1The responsibility of furnishing castings that can be laid out and machined to the ﬁnished dimensions within the permissible variations speciﬁed,as shown on the blueprints or drawings,shall rest with the producer,except where mold equipment is furnished by the purchaser.7.Chemical Composition7.1The product shall conform to the chemical composition limits prescribed in Table 1.Conformance shall be determined by the producer by taking samples at the time castings are poured in accordance with Practice E716and analyzed in accordance with Test Methods E34,E607,or E1251,or CEN EN 14242.If the producer has determined the composi-tion of the material during casting,they shall not be required to sample and analyze the ﬁnished product.7.1.1A sample for determination of chemical composition shall be taken to represent one of the following:7.1.2Not more than 4000lb [2000kg]of clean castings or a single casting poured from one furnace.The maximum elapsed time between determinations shall be established for each alloy,but in any case the maximum elapsed time shall not exceed 8h.7.1.3The maximum elapsed time between determinations shall be established for each alloy,but in any case the maximum elapsed time shall not exceed 8h.7.2If it becomes necessary to analyze castings for confor-mance to chemical composition limits,the method used to sample castings for the determination of chemical composition shall be accordance with Practice B985.Analysis shall be performed in accordance with Practice E716,Test Methods E34,E607,or E1251,or CEN EN 14242(ICP method).8.Material Requirements—Castings Produced for Governmental and Military Agencies 8.1Unless otherwise speciﬁed,only aluminum alloy con-forming to the requirements of Speciﬁcation B179or producers foundry scrap,identiﬁed as being made from alloy conforming to Speciﬁcation B179,shall be used in the remelting furnace from which molten metal is taken for pouring directly into castings.Additions of small amounts of modifying and grain reﬁning elements or alloys are permitted.8.2Pure materials,recycled materials,and master alloys may be used to make alloys conforming to this speciﬁcation,provided chemical analysis can be taken and adjusted to conform to Table 1prior to pouring any castings.9.Foundry Control—Castings Produced for Governmental or Military Agencies,or Both9.1When speciﬁed,castings shall be produced under foundry control approved by the purchaser.Foundry control shall consist of examination of castings by radiographic or other approved methods for determining internal discontinui-ties until the gating,pouring,and other foundry practices have been established to produce castings meeting the quality standards furnished by the purchaser or agreed upon betweenTABLE 4Discontinuity—Level Requirements for Aluminum Castings in Accordance with Film Reference Radiographs E155or DigitalReference Radiographs E2422Grade A AGrade BGrade CGrade DDiscontinuitySection Thickness,in.(mm)1⁄4to 3⁄4(6.4to 19.0)1⁄4(6.4)3⁄4(19.0)1⁄4(6.4)3⁄4(19.0)1⁄4(6.4)3⁄4(19.0)Gas holesnone 112255Gas porosity (round)none 113377Gas porosity (elongated)none 113455Shrinkage cavitynone 1B2B3BShrinkage porosity or spongenone 112243Foreign material (less dense material)none 112244Foreign material (more dense material)none 112143Segregation none none none none Cracks none none none none Cold shutsnonenonenonenoneSurface irregularity Core shaftnot to exceed drawing tolerance not to exceed drawing toleranceA Caution should be exercised in requesting grade A because of the difficulty in obtaining this level.BNo radiographs e 1⁄4-in.[6-mm]for allthicknesses.the purchaser and the producer.When foundry practices have been so established,the production method shall not be signiﬁcantly changed without demonstrating to the satisfaction of the purchaser that the change does not adversely affect the quality of the castings.Minor changes in pouring temperature of650°F[628°C]from the established nominal temperature are permissible.10.Tensile Requirements10.1The separately cast tension test specimens representing the castings shall meet the mechanical properties prescribed in Table2[Table3].10.2When speciﬁed,the tensile strength and elongation of test specimens cut from castings shall be in accordance with Table2[Table3]for Alloys354.0,C355.0,A356.0,A357.0, E357.0,359.0,and A444.0.For other alloys a minimum of 75%of the tensile and yield strength values and not less than 25%of the elongation values speciﬁed in Table2[Table3]are required.The measurement of elongation is not required for test specimens cut from castings if25%of the speciﬁed minimum elongation value published in Table2[Table3]is0.5 %or less.If grade D quality castings as described in Table4 are speciﬁed,no tensile tests shall be speciﬁed nor tensile requirements be met on specimens cut from castings.10.3Although Alloys705.0,707.0,and713.0are most frequently used in the naturally aged condition,by agreement of the producer and the purchaser,the castings may be artiﬁcially aged.The producer and the purchaser may also agree to base the acceptance of castings on artiﬁcially aged test bars.The conditions of artiﬁcial aging shown in Practice B917/B917M or AMS2771shall be employed unless other conditions are accepted by mutual consent.11.Workmanship,Finish,and Appearance11.1Theﬁnished castings shall be uniform in composition and free of blowholes,cracks,shrinks,and other discontinui-ties in accordance with standards designated and agreed upon as acceptable by the purchaser.12.Test Specimens12.1Separately cast test specimens shall be cast in iron molds.A recommended gating method is shown in Fig.1[Fig. 2]and Fig.3[Fig.4].An alternative gating design is shown in Appendix X4.The test section of the tension test specimen shall be cast to size in accordance with the dimensions shown in Fig.1[Fig.2]and Fig.3[Fig.4],and not machined prior to test.Grip ends may be machined to adapt them in such a manner as to ensure axial loading.12.2When properties of castings are to be determined, tension test specimens shall be cut from the locations desig-nated on the drawings,unless otherwise negotiated.If no locations are designated,one or more specimens shall be taken to include locations having signiﬁcant variation in casting thickness,except that specimens shall not be taken from areas directly under risers.The tension test specimens shall be the standard0.500-in.[12.5mm]diameter specimens shown in Fig.9of Test Methods B557[B557M]or a round specimen of smaller size proportional to the standard specimens.In no case shall the dimensions of the smallest specimen be less than the following:in.mm Diameter of reduced section.0.250[6.00]Length of reduced section11⁄4[32]Radius ofﬁllet3⁄16[5]Diameter of end section3⁄8[10]Overall length:With shouldered ends23⁄8[60]With threaded ends3[75]With plain cylindical ends4[100] 12.3When necessary,a rectangular specimen may be used proportional to that shown for the0.500in.[12.5mm]wide specimen in Fig.6of Test Methods B557[B557M],but in no case shall its dimensions be less than the following:in.mm Width of reduced section,1⁄4[6]Length of reduced section,11⁄4[32]Radius ofﬁllet,1⁄4[6]Overall length,4[100] The speciﬁed elongation values shall not apply to tests of rectangular specimens.12.4If the castings are to be heat treated and separately cast specimens are to be used,the specimens representing such castings shall be heat treated with the castings they represent. If castings are to be heat treated and tests are to be obtained on the castings,the test specimens shall be taken from the castings after heat treatment.13.Number of Tests13.1Unless otherwise agreed upon by the purchaser and producer,two tension test specimens shall be separately cast and tested to represent the following:13.1.1Not more than4000lb[2000kg]of clean castings (gates and risers removed)or a single casting poured from one furnace.13.1.2The castings poured continuously from one furnace in not more than eight consecutive hours.13.2When tensile properties of castings are to be determined,one per melt-heat combination shall be tested unless otherwise shown on the drawing or speciﬁed in the purchase order.13.3If any test specimen shows defective machining or ﬂaws,it may be discarded,in which case the purchaser and the producer shall agree upon the selection of a replacement specimen.14.Test Methods14.1The tensile properties shall be determined in accor-dance with Test Methods B557[B557M].15.Retests15.1If the results of the tension test do not conform to the requirements prescribed in Table2[Table4],test bars repre-sentative of the castings may be retested in accordance with the replacement tests and retest provisions of Test Methods B557 [B557M]and the results of retests shall conform to the requirements as to mechanical properties speciﬁed in Table2 [Table4].。

铝合金成分对照表

International Alloy DesignationsandChemical Composition LimitsforWrought Aluminum andWrought Aluminum Alloys1525 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22209With Support for On-line Access From:A luminum E xtruders C ouncilA luminium F ederation of S outh A fricaA ustralian A luminium C ouncil L td.E uropean A luminium A ssociationJ apan A luminium A ssociationA lro S.A, R omaniaRevised: February 2009Supersedes: April 2006© Copyright 2009, The Aluminum Association, Inc.Unauthorized reproduction and sale by photocopy or any other method is illegal.Use of the InformationThe Aluminum Association has used its best efforts in compiling the information contained in this publication. Although the Association believes that its compilation procedures are reliable, it does not warrant, either expressly or impliedly, the accuracy or completeness of this information. The Aluminum Association assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of the information herein.All Aluminum Association published standards, data, specifications and other material are reviewed at least every five years and revised, reaffirmed or withdrawn. Users are advised to contact The Aluminum Association to ascertain whether the information in this publication has been superseded in the interim between publication and proposed use.CONTENTSPage FOREWORD (i)SIGNATORIES TO THE DECLARATION OF ACCORD ..................................... ii-iii REGISTERED DESIGNATIONS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION LIMITS .... 1-13 Footnotes .. (14)TABLE OF NOMINAL DENSITIES FOR ACTIVE ALLOYS ............................. 15-20 TABLE OF INACTIVE ALLOY DESIGNATIONS ............................................. 21-22 Table of Chemical Composition Limits for Inactive Original Alloys (23)CROSS REFERENCES OF INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATIONS— DECLARATION OF ACCORD (DOA) TO ISO (24)RECOMMENDATION TO THE DECLARATION OF ACCORD (25)Footnotes (26)Appendix A—Use of Designations (27)Appendix B—Deactivation of Registered Alloys (27)Appendix C—General Guidelines for Determining Compliancewith "Sale of Alloy" and "Commercial Quantity" forPurposes of Registering Wrought Aluminum andWrought Aluminum Alloys (27)DECLARATION OF ACCORD (28)FOREWORDL isted herein are designations and chemical composition limits for wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys registered with The Aluminum Association. Numerical designations are assigned in accordance with the Recommendation—International Designation System for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys, which is printed on pages 25 through 27. Additions may be made in accordance with the rules outlined in the Declaration of Accord printed on page 28, and alloys will be deleted when no longer in commercial use (see table of inactive alloys printed on pages 21-22).S ince the International Designation System for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys is based on USA's national standard "American National Standard Alloy and Temper Designation System for Aluminum ANSI H35.1," the system limits introduction of experimental alloy compositions to USA registrations. An experimental alloy registered by USA under this system is indicated by the prefix "X" and is subject to the following rules:1. A composition shall not be designated as experimental ("X") for more than five years.2. During its experimental status, the registering organization may request changes in thecomposition limit of the alloy, provided that it does not invalidate any assigned designation.3. The "X" is dropped when the alloy is no longer experimental.4. An experimental composition that is inactivated shall retain the prefix "X" for the duration ofits inactive status. If reactivated, the "X" shall be removed.S ome of the registered alloys may be the subject of patent or patent applications, and their listing herein is not to be construed in any way as the granting of a license under such patent right.A list of the organizations that are signatories to the Declaration of Accord on the Recommendation is printed on pages ii-iii.SIGNATORIES TO THE DECLARATION OF ACCORDThe following organizations are signatories to the Declaration of Accord on an International Alloy Designation System for Wrought Aluminum and Wrought Aluminum Alloys which is printed on page 28 of this publication.The Aluminum Association Inc. USA 1525 Wilson BoulevardSuite 600Arlington, VA 22209USAAFA Association Francaise de l’Aluminium FRANCE 17, rue Hamelin75016 ParisFRANCEAll-Russian Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM) RUSSIA 17 Radio Ulitza105005 MoscowRUSSIAwww.viam.ruAlro S.A. ROMANIA 116 Pitesti Street230048 SlatinaROMANIAwww.alro.roAluminium Association of Canada CANADA 1010 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 1600Montreal, Quebec H3A2R7CANADAwww.aac.aluminium.qc.caAluminium Center Belgium BELGIUM Z.I. Research Park 3101731 ZellikBELGIUMwww.aluminiumcenter.beAluminium Federation Limited UK National Metalforming Centre47 Birmingham RoadWest Bromwich B70 6PYUNITED KINGDOMAluminium Federation of South Africa SOUTH AFRICA P. O. Box 423Isando, 1600REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA.zaAluminium – Verband Schweiz SWITZERLAND Hallenstrasse 15PostfachCH-8024 ZurichSWITZERLANDwww.alu.chAssociacão Brasileira do Aluminio—ABAL BRAZIL Rua Humberto 1, No. 220-4o.AndarSao Pãulo-SPCEP 04018-030BRAZIL.brAssociation for the Dutch NETHERLANDS Metallurgic Industry (VNMI)P.O. Box 190NL-2700 AD ZoetermeerNETHERLANDSwww.vnmi.nlAssomet - Associazione Nazionale ITALY Industrie Metalli non FerrosiVia dei Missaglia, 97I-20142 MilanoITALYwww.assomet.itAustralian Aluminium Council Limited AUSTRALIA Level 1, Dickson SquareP. O. Box 63Dickson, ACT 2602AUSTRALIA.auAustrian Non-Ferrous Metals Federation AUSTRIA Wiedner Hauptstrasse 63/3317Postfach 338A-1045 ViennaAUSTRIAwww.nemetall.atCentro Nacional de Investigaciones SPAIN Metalurgicas (CENIM)Avenida Gregorio del Amo, 8Ciudad Universitaria28040 MadridSPAINwww.cenim.csic.esChina Nonferrous Metals Techno-Economic CHINA Research InstituteNo. 9 Xizhang Hutong, Xizhimennei StreetBejing, 100035PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINAEuropean Aluminium Association EAA Avenue de Broqueville, 12B-1150 BrusselsBELGIUMiiEuropean Organization for ASD-STAN Aerospace Standardization270, Avenue de Tervuren1150, BrusselsBELGIUMGesamtverband der Aluminium- GERMANY industrie e.V. (GDA)Am Bonneshof 5D-40474 DusseldorfGERMANYwww.aluinfo.deInstitute of Non-Ferrous Metals POLAND Light Metals Divison32-050 SkawinaUl. Pilsudskiego 19POLANDwww.imn.gliwice.plInstituto Mexicano del Alumino, A.C. MEXICO Francisco PetrarcaNo. 133 Piso 9MEXICO, 11560, DF.mx IRAM-Instituto Argentino De ARGENTINA NormalizacionPeru 556C1068AABBuenos AiresARGENTINA.arJapan Aluminium Association JAPAN Tsukamoto-Sozan Building2-15, Ginza 4-ChomeChuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061JAPANwww.aluminum.or.jpSwedish Aluminium Association SWEDEN Aluminiumriket SverigeFramtidsvagen 21ASE-351 96 VaxjoSWEDENSignatories (Continued)iiiCALCULATED NOMINAL DENSITIES FOR ACTIVEWROUGHT ALUMINUM AND WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYSDensity is dependent upon composition and nominal density is determined by computation rather than by a weight method. The values shown below have been computed in accordance with the Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Density Calculation Procedure appearing on pages 2-12 and 2-13 of Aluminum Standards and Data. These calculated densities are nominal values and should not be specified as engineering requirements but may be used in calculating nominal values for weight per unit length, weight per unit area, covering area, etc.Limiting the expression of nominal density to the number of decimal places indicated is based on the fact that composition variations are discernible from one cast to another for most alloys. The expression of nominal density to more decimal places than allowed by the following implies higher precision than is justified and should not be used.1. Alloys listed below which have a minimum aluminum content of 99.35% or greater have nominal densityvalues which are rounded in the US customary system (lbs/in3) to the nearest multiple of 0.0005 and in the metric system [(kg/m3) x 103] to the nearest multiple of 0.005.2. Alloys listed below which have a minimum aluminum content of less than 99.35% have nominal densityvalues which are rounded in the US customary system (lbs/in3) to the nearest multiple of 0.001 and in the metric system [(kg/m3) x 103] to the nearest multiple of 0.01.The US customary (lbs/in3) unit values are derived from metric values and subsequently rounded and are not to be back-converted to metric values.Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 1050 0.0975 2.7051050A 0.0975 2.7051060 0.0975 2.7051065 0.0975 2.7001070 0.0975 2.7001070A 0.0975 2.7001080 0.0975 2.7001080A 0.0975 2.7001085 0.0975 2.7001090 0.0975 2.7001098 0.0975 2.7001100 0.098 2.711100A 0.098 2.711200 0.098 2.701200A 0.098 2.711300 0.098 2.711110 0.098 2.701120 0.098 2.711230 0.098 2.701230A 0.098 2.701235 0.0975 2.7051435 0.0980 2.7101145 0.0975 2.7001345 0.0975 2.7051445 0.0975 2.7001150 0.0975 2.7051350 0.0975 2.7051350A 0.0975 2.7001450 0.0975 2.7051370 0.0975 2.7001275 0.0975 2.7051185 0.0975 2.700Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 1285 0.0975 2.7001385 0.0975 2.7001188 0.0975 2.7001190 0.0975 2.7001290 0.0975 2.7001193 0.0975 2.7001198 0.0975 2.7001199 0.0975 2.7002001 0.102 2.822002 0.099 2.732004 0.102 2.822005 0.102 2.832006 0.099 2.742007 0.102 2.822007A 0.102 2.81+2007B 0.102 2.81 2008 0.098 2.722009 0.099 2.752010 0.098 2.722011 0.102 2.832011A 0.102 2.822111 0.102 2.832111A 0.102 2.832111B 0.102 2.832012 0.102 2.822013 0.099 2.732014 0.101 2.802014A 0.101 2.802214 0.101 2.802015 0.102 2.832016 0.101 2.792017 0.101 2.79Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 2017A 0.101 2.792117 0.099 2.752018 0.102 2.822218 0.101 2.812618 0.100 2.762618A 0.100 2.772219 0.103 2.842319 0.103 2.842419 0.102 2.842519 0.102 2.822021 0.103 2.842022 0.101 2.802023 0.100 2.772024 0.100 2.782024A 0.100 2.772124 0.100 2.782224 0.100 2.772224A 0.100 2.782324 0.100 2.772424 0.100 2.772524 0.100 2.782025 0.101 2.812026 0.100 2.772027 0.101 2.792028 0.102 2.83+2028A 0.101 2.80+2028B 0.102 2.81+2028C 0.102 2.82 2030 0.102 2.812031 0.100 2.772032 0.100 2.762034 0.101 2.792036 0.100 2.752037 0.099 2.742038 0.099 2.732039 0.101 2.812139 0.102 2.812040 0.102 2.81+2041 0.103 2.84+2044 0.102 2.81+2045 0.102 2.82 2050 0.098 2.702056 0.100 2.782090 0.093 2.592091 0.093 2.582094 0.098 2.722095 0.098 2.702195 0.098 2.712196 0.095 2.632097 0.096 2.652197 0.095 2.642297 0.096 2.65Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 2397 0.096 2.652098 0.097 2.702198 0.097 2.692099 0.095 2.632199 0.095 2.643002 0.098 2.703102 0.098 2.713003 0.099 2.733103 0.099 2.733103A 0.098 2.723103B 0.098 2.733203 0.098 2.733403 0.099 2.733004 0.098 2.723004A 0.098 2.713104 0.098 2.723204 0.098 2.713304 0.098 2.723005 0.098 2.733005A 0.099 2.733105 0.098 2.723105A 0.098 2.713105B 0.098 2.723007 0.098 2.723107 0.098 2.723207 0.098 2.713207A 0.098 2.723307 0.098 2.723009 0.099 2.733010 0.098 2.723110 0.098 2.723011 0.099 2.733012 0.098 2.72+3012A 0.098 2.72 3013 0.099 2.743014 0.099 2.753015 0.098 2.723016 0.098 2.723017 0.099 2.733019 0.099 2.733020 0.099 2.733025 0.098 2.723026 0.098 2.723030 0.098 2.723130 0.098 2.714004 0.096 2.654104 0.096 2.654006 0.098 2.714007 0.099 2.744008 0.096 2.674009 0.097 2.704010 0.096 2.67Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 4013 0.098 2.714014 0.097 2.704015 0.098 2.71+4015A 0.098 2.71+4115 0.098 2.72 4016 0.099 2.734017 0.098 2.724018 0.096 2.674019 0.099 2.744020 0.098 2.714026 0.099 2.734032 0.097 2.684043 0.097 2.694043A 0.097 2.694343 0.097 2.684643 0.097 2.694044 0.097 2.674045 0.096 2.674145 0.099 2.744145A 0.099 2.744046 0.096 2.664047 0.096 2.664047A 0.096 2.664147 0.096 2.665005 0.098 2.705005A 0.097 2.695205 0.097 2.705305 0.097 2.695505 0.097 2.695605 0.097 2.695006 0.098 2.715106 0.098 2.715010 0.098 2.715110 0.097 2.695110A 0.098 2.705210 0.097 2.695310 0.097 2.695016 0.097 2.705017 0.097 2.695018 0.096 2.675018A 0.097 2.675019 0.096 2.655019A 0.096 2.655119 0.096 2.655119A 0.096 2.655021 0.097 2.685022 0.096 2.665023 0.095 2.64+ 5024 0.096 2.65 5026 0.097 2.695027 0.096 2.655040 0.098 2.72Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 5140 0.098 2.715041 0.097 2.675042 0.096 2.675043 0.098 2.725049 0.097 2.705149 0.097 2.695249 0.097 2.705349 0.097 2.705449 0.097 2.705050 0.097 2.695050A 0.097 2.695150 0.097 2.685051 0.097 2.695051A 0.097 2.695151 0.097 2.685251 0.097 2.695251A 0.097 2.695351 0.097 2.685451 0.097 2.685052 0.097 2.685252 0.096 2.675352 0.097 2.675154 0.096 2.665154A 0.096 2.675154B 0.096 2.67+ 5154C 0.096 2.66 5254 0.096 2.665354 0.097 2.695454 0.097 2.695554 0.097 2.695654 0.096 2.665654A 0.096 2.665754 0.097 2.675954 0.096 2.665056 0.095 2.645356 0.096 2.645356A 0.096 2.645456 0.096 2.665456A 0.096 2.665456B 0.096 2.665556 0.096 2.665556A 0.096 2.655556B 0.096 2.655556C 0.096 2.665257 0.097 2.705457 0.097 2.695557 0.097 2.705657 0.097 2.695058 0.097 2.675059 0.096 2.665070 0.097 2.685180 0.097 2.70Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 5180A 0.097 2.705082 0.096 2.655182 0.096 2.655083 0.096 2.665183 0.096 2.665183A 0.096 2.665283 0.096 2.655283A 0.096 2.655283B 0.096 2.665383 0.096 2.665483 0.096 2.665086 0.096 2.665186 0.096 2.665087 0.096 2.665187 0.096 2.665088 0.096 2.656101 0.097 2.706101A 0.097 2.696101B 0.097 2.706201 0.097 2.696201A 0.097 2.696401 0.097 2.696501 0.098 2.706002 0.097 2.706003 0.097 2.706103 0.098 2.706005 0.097 2.706005A 0.098 2.706005B 0.097 2.706005C 0.098 2.706105 0.097 2.706205 0.098 2.716006 0.098 2.706106 0.098 2.706206 0.098 2.716306 0.097 2.706008 0.098 2.706009 0.098 2.716010 0.098 2.716110 0.098 2.716110A 0.098 2.716011 0.099 2.736111 0.098 2.716012 0.099 2.746012A 0.099 2.746013 0.098 2.716113 0.098 2.716014 0.098 2.706015 0.097 2.696016 0.098 2.706016A 0.098 2.706116 0.097 2.70Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 6018 0.099 2.746019 0.098 2.716020 0.099 2.736021 0.098 2.726022 0.097 2.696023 0.099 2.736024 0.098 2.726025 0.097 2.706026 0.099 2.74+6028 0.099 2.74 6033 0.099 2.736040 0.099 2.73+6041 0.099 2.73+6042 0.098 2.72+6043 0.098 2.72 6151 0.098 2.716351 0.098 2.716351A 0.098 2.716451 0.098 2.706951 0.098 2.706053 0.097 2.696056 0.098 2.726156 0.098 2.726060 0.097 2.706160 0.097 2.706260 0.098 2.706360 0.098 2.706460 0.097 2.706560 0.098 2.706061 0.098 2.706061A 0.098 2.706261 0.098 2.706162 0.097 2.706262 0.098 2.726262A 0.098 2.726063 0.097 2.706063A 0.097 2.706463 0.097 2.696463A 0.097 2.696763 0.097 2.696963 0.097 2.70+6064 0.098 2.72+6064A 0.098 2.72 6065 0.098 2.726066 0.098 2.726069 0.098 2.706070 0.098 2.716081 0.097 2.706181 0.097 2.696181A 0.098 2.706082 0.098 2.706082A 0.098 2.70Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 6182 0.098 2.716091 0.097 2.706092 0.098 2.707003 0.101 2.807004 0.100 2.777204 0.100 2.787005 0.100 2.777108 0.100 2.787108A 0.101 2.787009 0.101 2.807010 0.102 2.827012 0.101 2.817014 0.101 2.797015 0.100 2.777016 0.100 2.787116 0.101 2.787017 0.100 2.767018 0.101 2.797019 0.100 2.767019A 0.100 2.757020 0.100 2.787021 0.101 2.787022 0.100 2.777122 0.100 2.767023 0.100 2.787024 0.100 2.777025 0.100 2.777026 0.100 2.787028 0.100 2.777029 0.100 2.777129 0.100 2.787229 0.100 2.777030 0.101 2.797031 0.099 2.747032 0.102 2.827033 0.101 2.797034 0.105 2.907035 0.099 2.75+7035A 0.099 2.75 7036 0.104 2.887136 0.104 2.88+7037 0.103 2.85 7039 0.099 2.747040 0.102 2.827140 0.102 2.83+7041 0.101 2.80 7046 0.102 2.827046A 0.102 2.817049 0.103 2.847049A 0.103 2.847149 0.103 2.847249 0.103 2.84Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 7349 0.103 2.857449 0.103 2.857050 0.102 2.837050A 0.102 2.827150 0.102 2.837250 0.102 2.827055 0.103 2.86+7155 0.104 2.87 7056 0.104 2.877060 0.103 2.857064 0.103 2.857068 0.103 2.857168 0.103 2.867072 0.098 2.727075 0.101 2.817175 0.101 2.807475 0.101 2.817076 0.102 2.847178 0.102 2.837278 0.102 2.837278A 0.102 2.827081 0.102 2.837085 0.103 2.857090 0.103 2.857093 0.103 2.867095 0.104 2.898005 0.098 2.718006 0.099 2.748007 0.100 2.768008 0.099 2.748010 0.098 2.728011 0.098 2.718011A 0.098 2.718111 0.098 2.718211 0.098 2.728112 0.098 2.728014 0.099 2.738015 0.098 2.728016 0.098 2.728017 0.098 2.718018 0.098 2.728019 0.106 2.928021 0.098 2.738021A 0.098 2.728021B 0.098 2.728022 0.102 2.838023 0.099 2.748024 0.088 2.438025 0.098 2.71+8026 0.099 2.73 8030 0.098 2.718130 0.098 2.71Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103 8040 0.098 2.718050 0.099 2.738150 0.098 2.738076A 0.098 2.718176 0.098 2.718077 0.098 2.708079 0.098 2.728090 0.092 2.548091 0.092 2.548093 0.092 2.55Density Designation lbs/in.3(kg/m3) x 103PREVIOUSLY ASSIGNED BUT PRESENTLY INACTIVE ALLOY DESIGNATIONS12DATEDESIGNATION RECLASSIFIED103081988-05-23103582005-04-13104082005-04-13104582005-04-131130 1966-09-091330 1964-12-181135 1997-02-031335 1966-09-091245 1966-09-091250 1988-05-231055 1988-05-231160 1958-04-22(Superseded by 1060)1260 2005-04-131360 1965-12-091165 1966-07-121170 1997-02-031270 1966-07-12107581988-05-231175 1997-02-031180 1997-02-031187 1958-09-10(Superseded by 1188)1095 1988-05-231197 1958-09-10(Superseded by 1199)109981965-12-09200381997-11-28X231681965-03-31X2119 1966-03-072020 1974-11-012225 1966-07-12204882005-04-132053 1983-11-09208082005-06-02X209682000-12-083303 1997-02-033205 1965-11-05300682005-04-133008 1996-03-153018 1998-01-164001 1965-11-054101 1965-11-054002 1981-05-29X4003 1975-01-27X4005 1977-06-01401182005-06-024012 1965-11-054543 1997-02-03DATEDESIGNATION RECLASSIFIED4245 1968-08-19(Redesignated 4048)404882005-04-13X5002 1963-06-035004 1967-04-265105 1960-04-285405 1966-07-125007 1968-05-135008 1968-05-135009 1968-05-135011 1967-04-26X5012 1970-06-305013 1996-10-02501481997-11-28X5015 1968-08-19X5020 1977-08-04X5220 1962-01-11502582005-06-025034 1973-08-095039 1975-11-245250 2005-04-135050B 1996-03-155152 1963-06-03X5452 1971-06-175552 1997-02-035652 2005-04-135053 1968-08-19X5153 1967-04-265854 1996-10-02X5055 1956-10-195155 1971-07-145056A141992-02-215357 2005-04-135757 1963-05-145857 1963-06-105957 1963-06-03X508081963-10-225280 1996-10-02X5084 1965-04-27X5184 1965-04-27X5085 1977-08-04X5090 1977-07-18509182000-04-26600181955-07-086301 2005-04-13600482005-04-13600782005-04-13601781997-02-03PREVIOUSLY ASSIGNED BUT PRESENTLY INACTIVE ALLOY DESIGNATIONS12 (continued)DATE DESIGNATION RECLASSIFIED605181963-12-12X6251 1965-03-316253 2002-05-22X6161 1963-06-03606281964-09-04X6163 1964-12-186263 1955-07-126363 1964-12-186563 1967-04-266663 1967-04-266863 1996-10-02X6064181965-03-31X6067 1974-11-016071 1966-07-126090 1992-06-01700181997-02-037002 1966-07-127104 1988-05-23X7006 1963-09-10X710681980-04-16X7007 1972-02-16700882005-04-13 7109 1996-03-15701181999-06-17701381997-02-037027 1996-06-26X7038 1967-04-267139 1966-09-097146 1997-02-037051 1996-10-027070 1988-05-23X7272 1965-03-317472 1997-02-03X7275 1963-06-03727782000-11-067079 1989-03-22 7179 1989-06-06X7279 1963-06-03X7080 1971-01-04709181997-02-03 800181997-02-03X8002 1964-12-18X8003 1964-12-188004 1996-10-02800982000-06-198212 1967-04-268013 1971-11-01802082005-04-138DATE DESIGNATION RECLASSIFIED8177 1997-02-03828082005-04-13X8380 1964-12-18X8480 1964-12-18808181997-02-03X8090A 1989-01-13X8092 1991-10-24X8192 1991-10-24CROSS REFERENCE OF INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATIONS DECLARATION OF ACCORD (DOA) TO ISO*DOA DESIGNATIONFORMER ISODESIGNATIONDOADESIGNATIONFORMER ISODESIGNATIONDOADESIGNATIONFORMER ISODESIGNATION1050A Al99.5 3105 AlMn0.5Mg0.5 6101 E-AlMgSi1350 E-Al99.5 4043 AlSi5 6101A E-AlMgSi(A) 1060 Al99.6 4043A AlSi5(A) 6005 AlSiMg1070A Al99.7 4047 AlSi12 6005A AlSiMg(A)1370 E-Al99.7 4047A AlSi12(A) 6351 AlSi1Mg0.5Mn 1080A Al99.8(A) 5005 AlMg1(B) 6060 AlMgSi1100 Al99.0Cu 5019 AlMg5 6061 AlMg1SiCu1200 Al99.0 5050 AlMg1.5(C) 6262 AlMg1SiPb2011 AlCu6BiPb 5251 AlMg2 6063 AlMg0.7Si2014 AlCu4SiMg 5052 AlMg2.5 6063A AlMg0.7Si(A) 2014A AlCu4SiMg(A) 5154 AlMg3.5 6181 AlSi1Mg0.82017 AlCu4MgSi 5154A AlMg3.5(A) 6082 AlSi1MgMn2017A AlCu4MgSi(A) 5454 AlMg3Mn 7005 AlZn4.5Mg1.5Mn 2117 AlCu2.5Mg 5554 AlMg3Mn(A) 7010 AlZn6MgCu2219 AlCu6Mn 5754 AlMg3 7020 AlZn4.5Mg1 2024 AlCu4Mg1 5056 AlMg5Cr 7049A AlZn8MgCu2030 AlCu4PbMg 5356 AlMg5Cr(A) 7050 AlZn6CuMgZr 3003 AlMn1Cu 5456 AlMg5Mn1 7075 AlZn5.5MgCu 3103 AlMn1 5083 AlMg4.5Mn0.7 7475 AlZn5.5MgCu(A) 3004 AlMn1Mg1 5183 AlMg4.5Mn0.7(A) 7178 AlZn7MgCu3005 AlMn1Mg0.5 5086 AlMg4*Source: ISO 209-1.NOTE: This table is included for informational purposes only. ISO 209-1 has been withdrawn and replaced by ISO 209 which references the Teal Sheets as the normative reference and the source for international alloy designations.The Aluminum Association RECOMMENDATION 15 December 1970 1525 Wilson Boulevard INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATION SYSTEM Revised March 2008 Arlington, VA 22209 FOR WROUGHT ALUMINUM AND WROUGHT ALUMINUM ALLOYSU.S.A.This Recommendation is based on the numerical designation system for wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys which was adopted in the U.S.A. in 1954, andbecame its national standard in 1957. This Recommendation was officially adopted by the International Signatories of the Declaration of Accord on December 15, 1970.Designations in accordance with this Recommendation may be used by any country, but there is no obligation to use them. For use, see Appendixes A, B, and C.A numerical designation assigned in conformance with this Recommendation should only be used to indicate an aluminum or an aluminum alloy having chemicalcomposition limits identical to those registered with the Signatories to the Declaration of Accord on an International Alloy Designation System for Wrought Aluminum andWrought Aluminum Alloys.1. ScopeThis recommendation describes a four-digit numerical system for designating wroughtaluminum and wrought aluminum alloys.2. Alloy GroupsThe first of the four digits in the designation indicates the alloy group as follows:Aluminum, 99.00 percent and greater (1xxx)Aluminum alloys grouped by major alloying elements1,2,3Copper (2xxx)Manganese (3xxx)Silicon (4xxx)Magnesium (5xxx)Magnesium and Silicon (6xxx)Zinc (7xxx)Other elements (8xxx)Unused series (9xxx)3. 1xxx GroupThe designation assigned shall be in the 1xxx group whenever the minimum aluminumcontent is specified as 99.00 percent and greater. In the 1xxx group, the last two of the fourdigits in the designation indicate the minimum aluminum percentage4. These digits are thesame as the two digits to the right of the decimal point in minimum aluminum percentagewhen it is expressed to the nearest 0.01 percent. The second digit in the alloy designationindicates alloy modifications in impurity limits or alloying elements. If the second digit in thedesignation is zero, it indicates unalloyed aluminum having natural impurity limits; integers 1through 9, which are assigned consecutively as needed, indicate special control of one ormore individual impurities or alloying elements.4. 2xxx-8xxx GroupsThe alloy designation in the 2xxx through 8xxx groups is determined by the alloying element(Mg2Si for 6xxx alloys) present in the greatest mean percentage. If the greatest meanpercentage is common to more than one alloying element, choice of group will be in order ofgroup sequence Cu, Mn, Si, Mg, Mg2Si, Zn or Others. In the 2xxx through 8xxx alloy groupsthe last two of the four digits in the designation have no special significance but serve only toidentify the different aluminum alloys in the group. The second digit in the alloy designationindicates the original alloy5 and alloy modifications; integers 1 through 9, which are assignedconsecutively, indicate alloy modifications.5. ModificationsA modification of the original alloy 5 is limited to any one or a combination of the following:(a) Change of not more than the following amounts in the arithmetic mean of thelimits for an individual alloying element or combination of elements expressedas an alloying element or both:Arithmetic Mean of Limits for Alloying Elements in Original Alloy Maximum ChangeUp through 1.0 percent 0.15Over 1.0 through 2.0 percent 0.20Over 2.0 through 3.0 percent 0.25Over 3.0 through 4.0 percent 0.30Over 4.0 through 5.0 percent 0.35Over 5.0 through 6.0 percent 0.40Over 6.0 percent 0.50To determine compliance when maximum and minimum limits are specified for a combination of two or more elements in one alloy composition, the arithmetic mean of such combination is compared to the sum of the mean values of the same individual elements, or any combination thereof, in another alloy composition.(b) Addition or deletion of not more than one alloying element with limits having anarithmetic mean of not more than 0.30 percent, or addition or deletion of not morethan one combination of elements expressed as an alloying element with limitshaving a combined arithmetic mean of not more than 0.40 percent.(c) Substitution of one alloying element for another element serving the samepurpose.(d) Change in limits for impurities expressed singly or as a combination.(e) Change in limits for grain refining elements.(f) Maximum iron or silicon limits of 0.12 percent and 0.10 percent, or less,respectively, reflecting high purity base metal.An alloy should not be registered as a modification if it meets the requirements for a national variation.6. National VariationsNational variations of wrought aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys registered by another country in accordance with this Recommendation are identified by a serial letter after the numerical designation. The serial letters are assigned in alphabetical sequence starting withA for the first national variation registered, but omitting I, O, and Q.A national variation has composition limits which are similar but not identical to a modificationor an original alloy registered by another country, with differences such as:(a) Differences in arithmetic mean of limits for an individual alloying element orcombination of elements expressed as an alloying element, or both, notexceeding the following amounts:Arithmetic Mean of Limits for AlloyingElements in Original Alloy or ModificationMaximumDifferenceUp through 1.0 percent 0.15Over 1.0 through 2.0 percent 0.20Over 2.0 through 3.0 percent 0.25Over 3.0 through 4.0 percent 0.30Over 4.0 through 5.0 percent 0.35Over 5.0 through 6.0 percent 0.40Over 6.0 percent 0.50To determine compliance when maximum and minimum limits are specified for acombination of two or more elements in one alloy composition, the arithmetic mean ofsuch combination is compared to the sum of the mean values of the same individualelements, or any combination thereof, in another alloy composition.(b) Substitution of one alloying element for another element serving the samepurpose.(c) Different limits of impurities except for low iron. Iron maximum of 0.12 percent orless, reflecting high purity base metal, should be considered an alloy modification.See 5(f).(d) Different limits on grain refining elements.(e) Inclusion of a minimum limit for iron or silicon, or both.An alloy meeting these requirements should not be registered as a new alloy or alloymodification.See footnotes on page 2625See footnotes on page 14.。

铝含量标准低温冲击

When considering the properties of aluminum and its alloys, one of the vital testing methods employed to evaluate their performance under extreme conditions is the low-temperature impact test. This test assesses the materials' toughness and ability to withstand sudden impacts at temperatures that are significantly lower than their standard operating range.在考虑铝及其合金的性质时，用来评估这些材料在极端条件下性能的重要测试方法之一就是低温冲击试验。

该测试评估材料在远低于标准使用温度范围的温度下抵抗突然冲击的韧性和能力。

Submission to such an environment is crucial, especially for aluminum used in aeronautical and aerospace applications, where operating conditions can include significant fluctuations in temperature. The aluminum's content and its specific alloy composition play a pivotal role in how it will respond to the impact testing at low temperatures, with certain alloying elements enhancing the material's resilience.对这样的环境的适应性至关重要，特别是用于航空和航天应用的铝，其运行条件可能包括温度的显著波动。

ASTM有色金属标准.B645

Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally published as B 645–78. Last previous edition B 645–98.
B 646 Practice for Fracture Toughness Testing of Aluminum Alloys2
3.2 The following additional deﬁnitions are applicable: 3.2.1 invalid plane-strain fracture toughness—test result, KQ, that does not meet one or more of the validity requirements in Test Method E 399 and, where so characterized, is of no value in judging the true plain-strain fracture toughness of a material but may, under certain conditions, adequately guarantee the material’s fracture toughness for lot release purposes. 3.2.2 meaningful plane-strain fracture toughness—test result, designated KQ, that does not meet one or more of the validity requirements in Test Method E 399, but for which there is experimental or analytical evidence that the departure from validity is small enough that the value of KQ is expected to be within 5 or 10 % of the value of KIc that would have been obtained had all the validity criteria been met.

欧标铝合金标准

欧标铝合金标准欧洲标准（European Standard）是指由欧洲标准化组织（European Committee for Standardization，简称CEN）制定的标准，在欧洲范围内具有法律效力。

其中，欧洲标准针对材料特性、产品规格、测试方法等方面提供了详细的标准要求和指导，以确保产品的质量和安全性。

本文将重点介绍欧洲标准中与铝合金相关的内容。

铝合金是一种由铝和其他金属或非金属元素合金化而成的材料。

它具有低密度、高强度、良好的导电性和导热性等优点，被广泛应用于飞机、汽车、建筑、家电和包装等行业。

为了确保铝合金产品的质量和安全性，欧洲标准为铝合金制定了一系列的标准要求和测试方法。

首先，欧洲标准制定了关于铝合金材料强度的标准要求。

根据不同应用领域的需要，铝合金可以分为多个等级，每个等级都有相应的强度要求。

欧洲标准规定了不同等级铝合金的化学成分、机械性能和热处理要求，以确保产品在不同工况下的可靠性和安全性。

此外，欧洲标准还规定了对铝合金材料进行拉伸、硬度、冲击和应力腐蚀等性能测试的具体方法。

其次，欧洲标准对于铝合金制品的尺寸和公差也做了详细的规定。

铝合金制品的尺寸和公差直接关系到产品的安装和使用效果，因此非常重要。

欧洲标准规定了铝合金板材、杆材、型材、薄板和铸件等制品的尺寸公差，以确保产品与其他部件的配合精度和装配性能。

此外，欧洲标准还强调了铝合金制品的表面处理和防腐蚀要求。

铝合金表面的处理和防腐蚀措施可以提高产品的装饰性和耐久性，延长使用寿命。

欧洲标准规定了铝合金制品的表面处理方法，如阳极氧化、电泳涂装和烤漆等，并对表面处理的耐久性和防腐蚀性能进行了测试要求。

此外，欧洲标准还为铝合金制品的焊接、连接和检测等方面提供了相应的标准要求。

焊接是铝合金加工中常用的连接方法，欧洲标准规定了铝合金焊接的方法、焊接材料的选择、焊接接头的强度和质量要求等。

此外，欧洲标准还制定了铝合金制品的无损检测和机械性能测试的具体要求，以确保产品的质量和安全性。

电解铝厂熔铸成型流程

电解铝厂熔铸成型流程Aluminum smelting and casting is an important process in the production of aluminum products. 电解铝厂熔铸成型是铝产品生产中的重要过程。

This process involves melting aluminum in a furnace and then pouring the molten metal into molds to form the desired shapes. 这个过程涉及在熔炉中熔化铝，然后将熔化的金属倒入模具中，形成所需的形状。

The process requires precision and careful attention to ensure that the final products meet the required specifications. 这个过程需要精密和细心的关注，以确保最终产品符合所需的规格。

From the extraction of raw materials to the final casting of the metal, the entire process involves several steps that contribute to the overall efficiency and quality of the end products. 从原材料的提取到金属的最终浇铸，整个过程涉及几个步骤，这些步骤对最终产品的整体效率和质量都起着重要作用。

One of the key aspects of the aluminum smelting and casting process is the selection of raw materials. 电解铝厂熔铸成型过程的一个关键方面是原材料的选取。

The quality of the raw materials used can have a significant impact on the final properties of the aluminum products. 使用的原材料的质量可能对铝制品的最终性能产生重大影响。

法律英语案例

目录第一讲合同与其他债 (1)案例1:合同之债与其他债—不当得利 (2)第二讲意思表示和许诺的作出 (3)案例2:诺言的存在-确定性 (4)案例3：诺言的存在—担保与见解 (6)第三讲合同的订立 (8)案例4：合同的订立 (8)第二节要约 (12)案例5：要约与要约邀请 (12)案例6：谁是要约的主人 (16)案例7：要约的可撤销与不得自食其言 (20)第四讲合同的效力 (24)第一节对价 (24)案例8：对价-原有的义务 (24)案例9：过去的对价 (25)案例10：效力-合法性 (29)案例11：效力-合法性—分解合同 (34)第三节可撤销的合同 (36)案例12：效力-欺诈 (36)案例13：效力—胁迫 (42)案例14：效力-不正当影响 (46)案例15：效力—缔约能力 (49)案例16：效力-共同错误 (52)案例17：效力—未成年人的撤销权 (55)第五讲合同的内容 (60)案例18：合同的解释 (60)Presentation要求：1、每个人预计上台讲解时间为15-30分钟,根据案例的长短和人员的个数略有差别。

请合理安排时间.2、内容包括案例分析和回答讨论题.案例分析的格式老师在课堂上已经讲过,按照书后面的案例分析格式，中英文均可，只要有利于表达就好;回答讨论题也是中英文均可.3、讲解的辅助工具是PPT,案例分析需要，回答问题同样需要.字体不能太小，以免同学看不见。

4、仔细阅读案例，并重点研究老师划了颜色的文字,老师会不定时的针对案例的具体情形提问.5、除了自己负责的案例，其他同学讲解的案例也要提前预习。

老师也会提问其他同学,这样有利于大家知识的积累和系统化。

第一讲合同与其他债【教学目的和要求】掌握合同的相关概念,区别合同之债与其他债券债务关系。

【教学时数】约2学时案例1：合同之债与其他债-不当得利Beley v. Ventura County Municipal CourtCourt of Appeal，Second District，Division 5，California.100 Cal. App. 3d 5December 17，1979ASHBY, J.Real party in interest Gerry Harmsma (hereinafter Seller) is a building contractor who brought an action in the municipal court to recover for services performed and material furnished in remodeling the home of appellants John and Lorraine Beley （hereinafter Buyer）On June 10, 1977，the parties executed a contract，at the home of Buyer, for the remodeling of Buyer’s home. The contract price was $11，689 and the work was to be completed by August 15. .… The work was not com pleted on time, and on November 10, 1977，Buyer gave written notice that the contract was canceled.Buyer moved for summary judgment，contending that the contract was a home solicitation contract （Civ. Code，§ 1689.5）which did not contain the mandatory notice of Buyer's right to cancel within three days （§ 1689。

ASTM 美标标准号索引-中英对照表

ASTM 美标标准号索引-中英对照表发布时间：06-11 作者：本站来源：本站点击次数：878ASTM标准中英对照标准号英文名称中文名称A1-00(2005) Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Tee Rails 碳素钢丁字轨A2-02 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Girder Rails of Plain, Grooved, and GuardTypes普通型,带槽和防护型碳素工字钢轨A3-01(2006) Standard Specification for Steel Joint Bars, Low, Medium, and High Carbon(Non-Heat-Treated)低、中、高碳素钢鱼尾（连接）板A6/A6M-05a Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars,Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling轧制结构钢板材、型材和薄板桩通用技术要求A20/A20M-05 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for PressureVessels压力容器用钢板材通用要求A27/A27M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application 通用碳素钢铸件A29/A29M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, GeneralRequirements for热锻及冷加工碳素钢和合金钢棒A31-04 Standard Specification for Steel Rivets and Bars for Rivets, Pressure Vessels 钢铆钉及铆钉和压力容器用棒材A34/A34M-01 Standard Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic Materials 磁性材料的抽样和采购试验的标准惯例A36/A36M-05 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel 碳素结构钢技术规范A47/A47M-99(2004) Standard Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings 铁素体可锻铁铸件A48/A48M-03 Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings 灰铁铸件A49-01(2006) Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Carbon Steel Joint Bars, Microalloyed JointBars, and Forged Carbon Steel Compromise Joint Bars热处理碳素钢连接棒材，微合金连接棒材和法兰连接棒材的标准规范A53/A53M-06 Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Weldedand Seamless无镀层热浸的、镀锌的、焊接的及无缝钢管的技术规范A65-01 Standard Specification for Steel Track Spikes 钢轨道钉A66-01 Standard Specification for Steel Screw Spikes 钢质螺旋道钉A67-00(2005) Standard Specification for Steel Tie Plates, Low-Carbon and High-CarbonHot-Worked热加工低碳钢和高碳钢垫板技术规范A74-06 Standard Specification for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings 铸铁污水管及配件的技术规范A82/A82M-05a Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement 钢筋混凝土用无节钢丝A90/A90M-01 Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles withZinc or Zinc-Alloy Coatings镀锌和镀锌合金钢铁制品镀层重量的试验方法A99-03 Standard Specification for Ferromanganese 锰铁合金A100-04 Standard Specification for Ferrosilicon 硅铁A101-04 Standard Specification for Ferrochromium 铬铁A102-04 Standard Specification for Ferrovanadium 钒铁合金A105/A105M-05 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications 管系部件用碳素钢锻件A106/A106M-06 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-TemperatureService高温用无缝碳素钢管A108-03e1 Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished 优质冷加工碳素钢棒材技术规范A109/A109M-03 Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25 Maximum Percent),Cold-Rolled冷轧碳素钢带技术规范A111-99a(2004)e1 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Iron Telephone and TelegraphLine Wire电话和电报线路用镀锌"铁"丝规格A116-05 Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated, Steel Woven Wire Fence Fabric 镀锌钢丝编织栏栅网A121-99(2004) Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated Carbon Steel Barbed Wire 镀锌刺钢丝A123/A123M-02 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and SteelProducts钢铁产品的锌镀层（热浸镀锌）技术规范A125-96(2001) Standard Specification for Steel Springs, Helical, Heat-Treated 热处理螺旋形钢弹簧A126-04 Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings 阀门、法兰和管配件用灰铁铸件A128/A128M-93(2003) Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese 钢铸件,奥氏体锰A131/A131M-04ae1 Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships 海船用结构钢A132-04 Standard Specification for Ferromolybdenum 钼铁合金A134-96(2005) Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16and Over)电熔(电弧)焊钢管(NPS为16英寸和16英寸以上)A135/A135M-06 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe 电阻焊钢管A139/A139M-04 Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Over) 电熔(电弧)焊钢管(4英寸以上的)A143/A143M-03 Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Embrittlement of Hot-Dip GalvanizedStructural Steel Products and Procedure for Detecting Embrittlement热浸镀锌结构钢制品防脆裂措施和探测脆裂的程序A144-04 Specification for Ferrotungsten 铁钨合金规范A146-04 Standard Specification for Molybdenum Oxide Products 氧化钼制品A148/A148M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes 结构用高强度钢铸件A153/A153M-05 Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware 钢铁制金属构件上镀锌层(热浸) A159-83(2001) Standard Specification for Automotive Gray Iron Castings 汽车用灰铁铸件A167-99(2004) Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel SteelPlate, Sheet, and Strip不锈钢和耐热铬镍钢板、薄板及带材A176-99(2004) Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate,Sheet, and Strip不锈钢和耐热铬钢板、薄板及带材A178/A178M-02 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel andCarbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes电阻焊接碳素钢钢管及碳锰钢锅炉和过热器管的技术规范A179/A179M-90a(2005) Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchangerand Condenser Tubes热交换器和冷凝器用无缝冷拉低碳钢管A181/A181M-01 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping 普通锻制碳素钢管的规格A182/A182M-05a Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, ForgedFittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service高温设备用锻制或轧制的合金钢管法兰、锻制管件、阀门及零件A183-03 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Track Bolts and Nuts 钢轨用碳素钢螺栓和螺母A184/A184M-06 Standard Specification for Fabricated Deformed Steel Bar Mats for ConcreteReinforcement混凝土加筋用变形钢筋编织网A185/A185M-06e1 Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete 钢筋混凝土用焊接钢丝结构A192/A192M-02 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-PressureService高压用无缝碳素钢锅炉管A193/A193M-06a Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for HighTemperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications高温或高压设备和其他特殊用途用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料A194/A194M-06a Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure orHigh Temperature Service, or Both高温和高压设备用碳素钢与合金钢螺栓和螺母的规格A197/A197M-00(2006) Standard Specification for Cupola Malleable Iron 化铁炉用可锻铸铁A203/A203M-97(2003) Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Nickel 压力容器用镍合金钢板A204/A204M-03 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Molybdenum 压力容器用钼合金钢板A209/A209M-03 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler andSuperheater Tubes锅炉和过热器用无缝碳钼合金钢管A210/A210M-02 Standard Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and SuperheaterTubes锅炉和过热器用无缝碳钼合金钢管A213/A213M-06ae1 Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler,Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢锅炉、过热器和换热器管A214/A214M-96(2005) Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon SteelHeat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes热交换器与冷凝器用电阻焊接碳素钢管A216/A216M-04 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, forHigh-Temperature Service高温下使用的适合于熔焊的碳素钢铸件规格A217/A217M-04 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for 适合高温受压零件用合金钢和马氏体不锈钢铸件Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceA220/A220M-99(2004) Standard Specification for Pearlitic Malleable Iron 珠光体可锻铁A225/A225M-03 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel,Manganese-Vanadium-Nickel压力容器用锰矾镍合金钢板A227/A227M-06 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn for Mechanical Springs 机械弹簧用冷拉钢丝A228/A228M-02 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Music Spring Quality 乐器用优质弹簧钢丝A229/A229M-99(2005) Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical Springs 机械弹簧用油回火的钢丝A230/A230M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring Quality 阀门用油回火优质碳素钢弹簧丝A231/A231M-04 Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring Wire 铬钒合金钢弹簧丝A232/A232M-05 Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring QualityWire阀门用优质铬钒合金钢弹簧丝A234/A234M-06 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steelfor Moderate and High Temperature Service中温与高温下使用的锻制碳素钢及合金钢管配件A239-95(2004) Standard Practice for Locating the Thinnest Spot in a Zinc (Galvanized) Coating onIron or Steel Articles用普力斯试验法(硫酸铜浸蚀)确定铁或钢制品上镀锌层最薄点的测试方法A240/A240M-06b Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate,Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications压力容器用耐热铬及铬镍不锈钢板、薄板及带材A242/A242M-04e1 Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel 高强度低合金结构钢A247-67(1998)e1 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of Graphite in Iron Castings 铁铸件中石墨显微结构评定试验方法A249/A249M-04a Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater,Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes锅炉、过热器、换热器和冷凝器用焊接奥氏体钢管A250/A250M-05 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler andSuperheater Tubes锅炉和过热器用电阻焊铁素体合金钢管A252-98(2002) Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe Piles 焊接钢和无缝钢管桩A254-97(2002) Standard Specification for Copper-Brazed Steel Tubing 铜焊钢管规格A255-02e1 Standard Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel 测定钢淬透性用末端淬火试验的标准试验方法A262-02ae3 Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in AusteniticStainless Steels奥氏体不锈钢晶间浸蚀敏感性的检测A263-03 Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate 耐腐蚀铬钢包覆板材,薄板材及带材技术规范A264-03 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate 包覆的不锈铬镍钢板,薄板及带材规格A265-03 Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate 镍和镍基合金包覆钢板规格A266/A266M-03a Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components 压力容器部件用碳素钢锻件规格A268/A268M-05a Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic StainlessSteel Tubing for General Service一般设备用无缝和焊接铁素体与马氏体不锈钢管A269-04 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubingfor General Service一般设备用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管A270-03a Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel SanitaryTubing卫生设施用无缝钢和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管A275/A275M-06 Standard Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings 钢锻件的磁粉检查试验方法A276-06 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes 不锈钢棒材和型材A278/A278M-01 Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts forTemperatures Up to 650°F (350°C)适用于650F容压部件用灰铸铁件的技术规范A283/A283M-03 Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon SteelPlates低和中等抗拉强度碳素钢板A285/A285M-03 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- andIntermediate-Tensile Strength压力容器用低和中等抗拉强度的碳素钢板A288-91(2003) Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic RetainingRings for Turbine Generators涡轮发电机磁性定位环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件A289/A289M-97(2003) Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings forGenerators发电机非磁性定位环用合金钢锻件的技术规范A290/A290M-05 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for ReductionGears减速器环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件A291/A291M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears andShafts for Reduction Gears减速器小齿轮、齿轮和心轴用碳素钢和合金钢锻件A295/A295M-05 Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel 高碳耐磨轴承钢技术规范A297/A297M-97(2003) Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium andIron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application一般用耐热铬铁与镍铬铁合金钢铸件规格A299/A299M-04 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-Silicon 压力容器用锰硅碳钢板A302/A302M-03 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel,Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-Nickel压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍合金钢板A304-05e2 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-QuenchHardenability Requirements有末端淬火淬透性要求的合金钢棒材的技术规范A307-04 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI TensileStrength抗拉强度为60000psi的碳素钢螺栓和螺柱的技术规范A308/A308M-03 Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Terne (Lead-Tin Alloy) Coated by theHot-Dip Process经热浸处理镀有铅锡合金的薄板材的技术规范A309-01 Standard Test Method for Weight and Composition of Coating on Terne Sheet by theTriple-Spot Test用三点试验法测定长镀锌薄钢板镀层的重量成分的试验方法A311/A311M-04 Standard Specification for Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subjectto Mechanical Property Requirements有机械性能要求的消除应力的冷拉碳素钢棒A312/A312M-06 Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked AusteniticStainless Steel Pipes无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管A313/A313M-03 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Spring Wire 不锈钢弹簧丝技术规范A314-97(2002) Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging 锻造用不锈及耐热钢坯及钢棒规格A319-71(2001) Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures forNon-Pressure Containing Parts高温无压部件用灰铁铸件A320/A320M-05a Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials forLow-Temperature Service低温用合金钢螺栓材料规格A321-90(2001) Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Quenched and Tempered 经淬火和回火的碳素钢棒A322-06 Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard Grades 合金钢棒材.级别A323-05 Standard Specification for Ferroboron 硼铁规格A324-73(2004) Standard Specification for Ferrotitanium 钛铁合金A325M-05 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa MinimumTensile Strength [Metric]经热处理最小抗拉强度为830Mpa的热处理钢结构螺栓A325-06 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksiMinimum Tensile Strength经热处理最小抗拉强度为120/106ksi的热处理钢结构螺栓A327-91(2006) Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast Irons 铸铁冲击试验方法A327M-91(2006) Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast Irons (Metric) 铸铁冲击试验方法(米制) A328/A328M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Sheet Piling 薄钢板桩A333/A333M-05 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-TemperatureService低温用无缝与焊接钢管规格A334/A334M-04a Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes forLow-Temperature Service低温设备用无缝与焊接碳素和合金钢管A335/A335M-06 Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-TemperatureService高温用无缝铁素体合金钢管A336/A336M-06 Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-TemperatureParts压力与高温部件用合金钢锻件规格A338-84(2004) Standard Specification for Malleable Iron Flanges, Pipe Fittings, and Valve Parts forRailroad, Marine, and Other Heavy Duty Service at Temperatures Up to 650°F(345°C)铁路,船舶和其他重型装备在温度达到650华氏度(345摄氏度)时使用的可锻铸铁法兰,管件和阀门零件A340-03a Standard Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic Testing 有关磁性试验用符号和定义的术语A341/A341M-00(2005) Standard Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using D-CPermeameters and the Ballistic Test Methods用直流磁导计和冲击试验法测定材料的直流磁性能的试验方法A342/A342M-04 Standard Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic Materials 磁铁材料导磁率的试验方法A343/A343M-03 Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials atPower Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cmEpstein Test Frame在电力频率下用瓦特计-安培计-伏特计法(100-1000赫兹)和25 厘米艾普斯亭(EPSTEIN) 机架测定材料的交流电磁性能的试验方法A345-04 Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications 磁设备用平轧电炉钢A348/A348M-05 Standard Test Method for Alternating Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Usingthe Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10 000 Hz and 25-cm EpsteinFrame用瓦特计--安培计--伏特计法(100-10000赫兹)和25厘米艾普斯亭框测定材料的交流磁性能的试验方法A350/A350M-04a Standard Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring NotchToughness Testing for Piping Components要求进行缺口韧性试验的管道部件用碳素钢与低合金钢锻件技术规范A351/A351M-06 Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts 容压零件用奥氏体及奥氏体铁素体铸铁的技术规范A352/A352M-06 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, forPressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service低温受压零件用铁素体和马氏体钢铸件规格A353/A353M-04 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9 Percent Nickel,Double-Normalized and Tempered压力容器用经二次正火及回火处理的含9％镍的合金钢板A354-04 Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, andOther Externally Threaded Fasteners淬火与回火合金钢螺栓,双头螺栓及其他外螺纹紧固件规格A355-89(2006) Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloys, for Nitriding 渗氮用合金钢棒A356/A356M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel,Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines蒸汽轮机用厚壁碳素钢、低合金钢和不锈钢铸件A358/A358M-05 Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-NickelStainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管A363-03 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Overhead Ground WireStrand地面架空线用镀锌钢丝绳A367-60(2005) Standard Test Methods of Chill Testing of Cast Iron 铸铁的激冷试验方法A368-95a(2004) Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire Strand 不锈钢和耐热钢丝绳的标准A369/A369M-02 Standard Specification for Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for 高温用锻制和镗孔碳素钢管和铁素体合金钢管High-Temperature ServiceA370-05 Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products 钢制品机械测试的标准试验方法和定义A372/A372M-03 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled PressureVessels薄壁压力容器用碳素钢及合金钢锻件A376/A376M-06 Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-TemperatureCentral-Station Service高温中心站用无缝奥氏钢管A377-03 Standard Index of Specifications for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe 球墨铸铁压力管规范索引A380-06 Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts,Equipment, and Systems不锈钢零件、设备和系统的清洗和除垢A381-96(2005) Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-PressureTransmission Systems高压输送用金属弧焊钢管A384/A384M-02 Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Warpage and Distortion During Hot-DipGalvanizing of Steel Assemblies防止钢组件热浸镀锌时翘曲和扭曲用安全保护A385-05 Standard Practice for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings (Hot-Dip) 提供高质量镀锌覆层(热浸)A387/A387M-06 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel,Chromium-Molybdenum压力容器用铬钼合金钢板A388/A388M-05 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings 重型钢锻件超声波检测A389/A389M-03 Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, forPressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service适合高温受压部件用经特殊热处理的合金钢铸件规格A390-06 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Poultry Fence Fabric(Hexagonal and Straight Line)饲养家禽用镀锌钢丝栏栅网(六角形和直线形)A391/A391M-01 Standard Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain 80号合金钢链条A392-03 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric 镀锌钢丝链环栏栅网A394-05 Standard Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and Bare 传动塔架用镀锌和裸露钢螺栓A395/A395M-99(2004) Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Useat Elevated Temperatures高温用铁素体球墨铸铁受压铸件A400-69(2006) Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and MechanicalProperties钢棒的成分及机械性能选择指南A401/A401M-03 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy 铬硅合金钢丝A403/A403M-06 Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings 锻制奥氏体不锈钢管配件A407-93(2004) Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs 盘簧用冷拉钢丝A409/A409M-01(2005) Standard Specification for Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe forCorrosive or High-Temperature Service腐蚀场所或高温下使用的焊接大口径奥氏体钢管A411-03 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Low-Carbon Steel Armor Wire 镀锌低碳钢铠装线A413/A413M-01 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Chain 碳素钢链A414/A414M-06 Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure Vessels 压力容器用碳素薄钢板A416/A416M-06 Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for PrestressedConcrete预应力混凝土用无涂层七股钢铰线A417-93(2004) Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Zig-Zag, Square-Formed,and Sinuous-Type Upholstery Spring Units之字形、方形、正弦形家具用弹簧元件用冷拔钢丝A418/A418M-05 Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Examination of Turbine and Generator SteelRotor Forgings涡轮机及发电机钢转子锻件的超声波检查方法A420/A420M-06 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steelfor Low-Temperature Service低温下用锻制碳素钢和合金钢管配件A421/A421M-05 Standard Specification for Uncoated Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for PrestressedConcrete预应力混凝土用无涂层消除应力钢丝的技术规范A423/A423M-95(2004) Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes 无缝和电焊低合金钢管A424-06 Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, for Porcelain Enameling 搪瓷用钢薄板A426/A426M-05 Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service高温用离心铸造的铁素体合金钢管A427-02 Standard Specification for Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction 冷轧和热轧用锻制合金钢辊A428/A428M-01 Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Aluminum-Coated Iron or 钢铁制品上铝覆层重量的测试方法Steel ArticlesA434-06 Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished,Quenched and Tempered热轧与冷精轧经回火及淬火的合金钢棒A435/A435M-90(2001) Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates 钢板的直射束纵向超声波检验A436-84(2001) Standard Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings 奥氏体灰口铁铸件A437/A437M-06 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially HeatTreated for High-Temperature Service高温用经特殊处理的涡轮型合金钢螺栓材料A439-83(2004) Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings 奥氏体可锻铸铁铸件A447/A447M-93(2003) Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12Class), for High-Temperature Service高温用镍铬铁合金钢铸件(25-12级)A449-04b Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts, and Studs, Steel, Heat Treated,120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, General Use经淬火和回火的钢螺栓和螺柱A450/A450M-04a Standard Specification for General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, andAustenitic Alloy Steel Tubes碳素钢管、铁素体合金钢管及奥氏体合金钢管A451/A451M-02 Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe forHigh-Temperature Service高温用离心铸造的奥氏体钢管A453/A453M-04 Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with ExpansionCoefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels具有同奥氏体钢相类似的膨胀系数、屈服强度为50-120Ksi(345-827MPa)的耐高温螺栓材料A455/A455M-03 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-StrengthManganese压力容器用高强度碳锰钢板A456/A456M-99(2003) Standard Specification for Magnetic Particle Examination of Large CrankshaftForgings大型曲轴锻件的磁粉检查A459-97(2003) Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Flat Steel Armoring Tape 镀锌平轧扁钢铠装带A460-94(2004)e1 Standard Specification for Copper-Clad Steel Wire Strand 包铜钢丝绳标准A463/A463M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip Process 热浸镀铝薄钢板A466/A466M-01 Standard Specification for Weldless Chain 非焊接碳素钢链A467/A467M-01(2006) Standard Specification for Machine and Coil Chain 机器链和盘旋链A469/A469M-06 Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator Rotors 用于发电机转子的真空处理钢锻件A470/A470M-05 Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings forTurbine Rotors and Shafts涡轮机转子和轴用经真空处理的碳素钢和合金锻件A471-06 Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine RotorDisks and Wheels涡轮转子转盘和转轮用真空处理合金钢锻件技术规范A472/A472M-05 Standard Test Method for Heat Stability of Steam Turbine Shafts and Rotor Forgings 蒸汽涡轮机轴及转子锻件的热稳定性的试验方法A473-01 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings 不锈和耐热钢锻件A474-03 Standard Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Wire Strand 包铝钢丝绳标准A475-03 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Wire Strand 镀锌钢丝绳A476/A476M-00(2005) Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings for Paper Mill Dryer Rolls 造纸厂干燥辊用球墨可锻铸铁件A478-97(2002) Standard Specification for Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Weaving and KnittingWire铬镍不锈钢和耐热钢制编织钢丝A479/A479M-06a Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers andOther Pressure Vessels锅炉及压力容器用不锈钢和耐热钢棒与型材A480/A480M-06a Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless andHeat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip扁平轧制耐热不锈钢厚板材、薄板材和带材通用要求A481-05 Standard Specification for Chromium Metal 金属铬A482-05 Standard Specification for Ferrochrome-Silicon 铬铁硅A483-04 Standard Specification for Silicomanganese 硅锰合金A484/A484M-06a Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets,and Forgings不锈及耐热锻钢棒,钢坯及锻件的规格A485-03 Standard Specification for High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing Steel 高淬透性耐磨轴承钢的技术规范A487/A487M-93(2003) Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service 受压钢铸件A488/A488M-04 Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures andPersonnel钢铸件焊接规程和工作人员的合格鉴定A489-04 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Lifting Eyes 碳素钢吊耳A490M-04a Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, forStructural Steel Joints [Metric]最小拉伸强度为150千磅/平方英寸热处理钢结构螺栓A490-06 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksiMinimum Tensile Strength最小拉伸强度为150千磅/平方英寸热处理钢结构螺栓A491-03 Standard Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric 镀铝钢链环栏栅结构A492-95(2004) Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Rope Wire 耐热不锈钢丝绳A493-95(2004) Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading andCold Forging冷镦和冷锻不锈钢和耐热钢丝A494/A494M-05 Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy 镍和镍合金铸件A495-06 Standard Specification for Calcium-Silicon Alloys 硅钙合金钢技术规范A496/A496M-05 Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement 钢筋混凝土用变形钢丝A497/A497M-06e1 Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, forConcrete钢筋混凝土用焊接变形钢丝网A498-04 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel Heat-ExchangerTubes with Integral Fins无缝与焊接碳素钢,铁素体钢与奥氏体钢制有整体散热片的换热器钢管A499-89(2002) Standard Specification for Steel Bars and Shapes, Carbon Rolled from T Rails 轧制丁字钢轨用的碳素钢棒材及型材的技术规范A500-03a Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon SteelStructural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes圆形与异型焊接与无缝碳素钢结构管A501-01(2005) Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon SteelStructural Tubing热成型焊接与无缝碳素钢结构管A502-03 Standard Specification for Rivets, Steel, Structural 结构钢铆钉规范A503/A503M-01(2006) Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts 锻制大型曲轴的超声波检验A504/A504M-04e1 Standard Specification for Wrought Carbon Steel Wheels 锻制碳素钢轮A505-00(2005) Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled,General Requirements for热轧和冷轧合金钢薄板和带材。

北美压铸协会压铸标准(中文)

北美压铸学会压铸件的产品规格标准NADCAProduct Specification Standards for DieCastings铝铝基质复合材料铜镁锌和锌铝合金二零零三年重新修订的最新版本(Revised for 2003)第五次出版(5th Edition)3. 合金数据( Alloy Data )1. 合金的相互对照名称(Alloy Cross Reference Designations)A：类傩于前一项，只是次要成分稍有变化。

B：铝合金压铸件的美联邦规格使用个别合金的铝协会代码名称。

军事代码名称被美联邦的规格所代替。

C：日本规格允许镁最大含量为0.3。

D：日本规格允许锌的最大含量为1.0。

E：德国工业标准DIN 1725规格允许锌最大为1.2，镁最大等于0.5。

F：德国工业标准DIN 1725规格允许镁含量最大为0.3。

G：在DIN 1725中所示的合金成分趋向于“基本的首要金属”而且杂质限制低很难使它直接与美国合金相联系。

注意：这些标准中的部分标准已废弃不用，但出于历史目的仍包括在这里。

最接近的相互参照资料请参考本章结尾有关外国合金代码名称和化学成分的表格。

所示的相互参照代码名称为符合普遍公认原始资料的合金规格。

这些参考资料适用于压铸条件下的金属，不应和金属锭的类傩规格混淆。

栏目中填有“----”表明这种特殊的合金还没有在所给的资料中注册。

UNS ---- 统一编制(Unified Numbering System)；AA ---- 铝协会(Aluminum Association)；FED ----美联邦规格(Federal Specifications)；MIL ---- 军事规格(Military Specifications)；JIS ---- 日本工业标准(Japanese Industrial Standard)；DIN ---- 德国工业标准(German Industrial Standard)；ANSI ---- 美国国家标准学会(American NationalStandards Institute)；SAE ---- 美国汽车工程师学会(Society of Automotive Engineers)；ASTM ---- 美国材料试验学会(American Society for Testing and Materials)；2. 铝合金(Aluminum Alloy)●选择铝合金(Selecting Aluminum Alloys)压铸铝合金的比重大约是2.7克/立方厘米，属于重量较轻的结构金属。

铝合金 en 标准

铝合金 en 标准English Answer:Aluminum Alloy EN Standards.EN standards for aluminum alloys are a set of European standards that define the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and other characteristics of aluminum alloys. These standards are developed by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and are used throughout Europe and other parts of the world.There are a wide variety of EN standards for aluminum alloys, each of which covers a specific type of alloy. Some of the most common types of aluminum alloys include:EN AW-1000 series: These alloys are made from pure aluminum and have excellent corrosion resistance. They are often used in food and beverage containers, as well as in chemical and pharmaceutical applications.EN AW-2000 series: These alloys are made from aluminum with copper added. They have higher strength than EN AW-1000 series alloys, but they are also less corrosion resistant. They are often used in structural applications, such as in automotive and aerospace components.EN AW-3000 series: These alloys are made from aluminum with manganese added. They have higher strength and hardness than EN AW-1000 and 2000 series alloys, but they are also less ductile. They are often used in applications where high strength and hardness are required, such as in cutting tools and wear-resistant coatings.EN AW-4000 series: These alloys are made from aluminum with silicon added. They have good strength and corrosion resistance, and they are also easy to machine. They are often used in automotive and aerospace applications.EN AW-5000 series: These alloys are made from aluminum with magnesium added. They have high strength and good corrosion resistance, but they are also more difficult tomachine than EN AW-1000 and 2000 series alloys. They are often used in structural applications, such as in bridges and buildings.EN standards for aluminum alloys provide manufacturers and users with a common set of requirements for these materials. This helps to ensure that aluminum alloys are of consistent quality and that they meet the needs of specific applications.中文回答：铝合金EN标准。

美国包装标准(ANSI packing standards)

ANSI/ASTM E2230-2002
ANSI/ASTM F1836M-1997 ANSI/ASTM F1853-2003 ANSI/ASTM F2087-2001
ANSI/ASTM F2168-2002
ANSI/ASTM F2191-2002 ANSI/AWS A5.02/A 5.02M-2006 ANSI/AWWA C105/A 21.5-2005 ANSI/CEA 621-A-2004
Packaging for teminally sterilized medical devices Part 1: Requirements for materials, sterile barrier systems and packaging
ANSI/AAMI/ISO 11607-2-2006
ANSI/EIA 621-1995 ANSI/EIA 624-1995 ANSI/ESD S541-2003 ANSI/IPC 0040-2003 ANSI/IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033A-2002 ANSI/PMMI B155.1-2006
ASME BPVC Section 3 Division 3
Protection of Electrostatic Discharge Susceptible Items Packaging Materials or ESD Sensitive Items
光电子学总装和包装工艺学
Optoelectronic Assembly and Packaging Technology
美国包装标准(ANSI packing standards)
编号 ANSI ATIS0300075.1-2006
ANSI B155.1-1994

ASTM B179-2011 所有铸造工艺铸件用铝合金锭和溶融铝合金的规格

Designation:B179–11Standard Speciﬁcation forAluminum Alloys in Ingot and Molten Forms for Castings from All Casting Processes1This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation B179;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1This speciﬁcation covers commercial aluminum alloys in ingot form for remelting and molten form for the manufac-ture of castings.The speciﬁc gravity of these alloys does not exceed3.0and they are designated as shown in Table1.N OTE1—Throughout this speciﬁcation the use of“ingot”in a general sense includes sow,T-bar,T-ingot,and pig.1.2Alloy designations are in accordance with ANSI H35.1/ H35.1(M).The equivalent Uniﬁed Numbering System alloy designations are in accordance with Practice E527.N OTE2—Supplementary data pertaining to the alloys covered by this speciﬁcation when used in the form of castings are given in Speciﬁcations B26/B26M,B85/B85M,B108/B108M,B618/B618M,B686/B686M,and B955/B955M.1.3Unless the order speciﬁes the“M”speciﬁcation desig-nation,the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.4For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum and aluminum alloys in this speciﬁcation,see Annex A1. 1.5The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5.1Exception—Certain SI units appear in brackets in 7.1.2.1.6This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:2B26/B26M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Cast-ingsB85/B85M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Die Castings B108/B108M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Perma-nent Mold CastingsB618/B618M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Invest-ment CastingsB666/B666M Practice for Identiﬁcation Marking of Alumi-num and Magnesium ProductsB686/B686M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum Alloy Castings, High-StrengthB955/B955M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Centrifu-gal CastingsB969Speciﬁcation for Aluminum-Alloy Castings Produced by the Squeeze Casting,Thixocast and Rheocast Semi-Solid Casting ProcessesE29Practice for Using Signiﬁcant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpeciﬁcationsE34Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base AlloysE527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Uniﬁed Numbering System(UNS)E607Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-nique Nitrogen AtmosphereE716Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition by Spectrochemical AnalysisE1251Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-num Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrometry2.2ANSI Standard:H35.1/H35.1(M)American National Standard Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum32.3Aluminum Associations Standard:Designations and Chemical Composition Limits for Alumi-num Alloys in the Form of Castings and Ingot(The Pink Sheets)31This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01on Aluminum Alloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved May1,2011.Published June2011.Originally approved st previous edition approved in2010as B179–10.DOI: 10.1520/B0179-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Aluminum Association,Inc.,1525Wilson Blvd.,Suite600, Arlington,V A22209,.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.Copyright ASTM InternationalProvided by IHS under license with ASTMNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---2.4Other Standards:4EN 14242Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys —Chemical Analysis —Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emis-sion Spectral Analysis3.Ordering Information3.1Orders for material under this speciﬁcation shall include the following information:3.1.1This speciﬁcation designation (which includes the number,the year,and the revision letter,if applicable),3.1.2Alloy (Section 6,Table 1),and3.1.3The quantity in pieces or pounds [kilograms].3.2Additionally,orders for material to this speciﬁcation shall include the following information when required by the purchaser:3.2.1Form—the approximate form and weight of each ingot may be speciﬁed by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer,and for molten metal the weight may be speciﬁed,3.2.2Whether marking for identiﬁcation is required,includ-ing marking ingot if required (see Sections 12and 13.2),3.2.3Whether inspection is required at the manufacturer’s works (see 9.2),3.2.4Whether certiﬁcation or analysis is required (see Section 12),and3.2.5Whether SPC data is required (see Section 11.2).4.Process4.1The alloys may be made by any approved process.5.Quality5.1The material covered by this speciﬁcation shall be of uniform quality and shall be free from dross,slag,and other harmful contamination.6.Chemical Composition6.1The ingots or molten metal shall conform to the chemi-cal composition limits prescribed in Table 1.Conformance shall be determined by the producer by taking samples at the time the ingots are poured into molds or as the molten alloy is poured into the crucible(s)prior to shipment in accordance with E716and analyzed in accordance with E607,E1251,E34or EN 14242.If the chemical composition of the material has been determined during the course of manufacture,the manu-facturer shall not be required to additionally sample and analyze the ingots or the delivered crucible of molten metal after delivery.6.2If it becomes necessary to analyze ingot for confor-mance to chemical composition limits,the method used to sample for the determination of chemical composition shall be by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.Analy-sis shall be performed in accordance with E716,E607,E1251,E34or EN 14242(ICP method).6.3Other methods of analysis or in the case of a dispute the method of analysis shall be agreed upon by the producer and the purchaser.7.Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition 7.1The number of samples taken for determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:7.1.1When samples are taken at the time the ingots are poured,at least one sample shall be taken from the ﬁrst,middle and last third of each lot of ingots poured from the same source of molten metal.The analytical results of each sample taken during the pouring of the ingots shall conform to the compo-sition limits shown in Table 1.The analytical results of all samples taken during pouring of the ingots shall be averaged and that average reported as the composition of that lot of alloy.7.1.2Molten Metal —Samples are taken at the time the molten metal is poured into the crucible(s)and at least one sample shall be taken for each group of crucible(s)continu-ously poured from the same source of molten metal,but unless otherwise speciﬁed in the contract or purchase order at least one sample shall be taken for every 30000lb [15000kg]or fraction thereof.8.Electrical Conductivity8.1The control of chemical requirements in Table 1ensures the capability of Alloys 100.1,130.1,150.1,and 170.1to meet rated but not measured minimum conductivity in ingot form.The rated minimum conductivities for rotor ingot (electric motor armatures)and other high conductivity applications are listed in the footnote (*)of Table 1.9.Inspection9.1Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the contract or purchase order,the producer is responsible for the performance of all inspection and test requirements speciﬁed herein.Except as otherwise speciﬁed in the contract or order,the producer may use his own or any other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test requirements speciﬁed herein,unless disapproved by the purchaser.The purchaser shall have the right to perform any of the inspections and tests set forth in this speciﬁcation where such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that material conforms to prescribed requirements.9.2If the purchaser desires that inspection be made at the manufacturer’s works where the material is made,it shall be so stated in the contract or purchase order.9.3If the purchaser elects to have inspection made at the manufacturer’s works,the manufacturer shall afford the in-spector representing the purchaser all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this speciﬁcation.All tests and inspection shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.10.Rejection10.1Material that does not conform to the requirements of this speciﬁcation may be rejected and,if rejected,shall be replaced by the manufacturer.The full weight of the rejected material shall be returned to the manufacturer.11.Certiﬁcation11.1The manufacturer shall upon request,furnish to the purchaser either a certiﬁcate stating that each lot has been4Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN),36rue de Stassart,B-1050,Brussels,Belgium,http://www.cenorm.be.B179–1110Copyright ASTM InternationalProvided by IHS under license with ASTMNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---sampled,tested,and inspected in accordance with this speci-ﬁcation and has met the requirements or an analysis for each lot of material.11.2If the purchaser elects to receive SPC data for each lot of material being delivered,it shall be so stated in the purchase order.12.Marking for Identiﬁcation12.1When identiﬁcation marking of ingots is speciﬁed on the order,ingots shall be marked in accordance with Practice B666/B666M.13.Packaging,Marking,and Shipping13.1The material shall be packaged in such a manner as to prevent damage in ordinary handling and transportation.The type of packaging and gross weight of individual containers shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer unless otherwise agreed upon.Packaging methods and containers shall be so selected as to permit maximum utility of mechanical equipment in unloading and subsequent handling.Each pack-age or container shall contain only one size or alloy of material when packed for shipment unless otherwise agreed upon. 13.2Each package or container shall be marked with the purchase order number;quantity;speciﬁcation number;alloy, gross,and net weights;and the name of the manufacturer. 13.3Packages or containers shall be such as to ensure acceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportation at the lowest rate to the point of delivery.14.Keywords14.1aluminum;ingot;molten metalANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1.ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION OF NEW ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS INTHIS SPECIFICATIONA1.1Prior to acceptance for inclusion in this speciﬁcation, the composition of wrought or cast aluminum or aluminum alloy shall be registered in accordance with ANSI H35.1/ H35.1(M).The Aluminum Association holds the Secretariat of ANSI H35Committee3and administers the criteria and pro-cedures for registration.A1.2If it is documented that the Aluminum Association could not or would not register a given composition,an alternative procedure and the criteria for acceptance shall be as follows:A1.2.1The designation submitted for inclusion does not utilize the same designation system as described in ANSI H35.1.A designation not in conﬂict with other designation systems or a trade name is acceptable.A1.2.2The aluminum or aluminum alloy has been offered for sale in commercial quantities within the prior twelve months to at least three identiﬁable users.A1.2.3The complete chemical composition limits are sub-mitted.A1.2.4The composition is,in the judgment of the respon-sible subcommittee,signiﬁcantly different from that of any other aluminum or aluminum alloy already in this speciﬁca-tion.A1.2.5For codiﬁcation purposes,an alloying element is any element intentionally added for any purpose other than grain reﬁnement and for which minimum and maximum limits are speciﬁed.Unalloyed aluminum contains a minimum of 99.00%aluminum.A1.2.6Standard limits for alloying elements and impurities are expressed to the following decimal places:Less than0.001%0.000X0.001to but less than0.01%0.00X0.01to but less than0.10%Unalloyed aluminum made by a reﬁning process0.0XXAlloys and unalloyed aluminum not made by a reﬁningprocess0.0X0.10through0.55%0.XX(It is customary to express limits of0.30through0.55%as0.X0or0.X5.)Over0.55%0.X,X.X,etc.(except that combined Si+Fe limits for99.00%minimumaluminum must be expressed as0.XX or1.XX)A1.2.7Standard limits for alloying elements and impuri-ties are expressed in the following sequence:Silicon;Iron; Copper;Manganese;Magnesium;Chromium;Nickel;Zinc, Titanium,(Note A1.1);Other Elements,Each;Other Elements, Total:Aluminum(Note A1.2).N OTE A1.1—Additional speciﬁed elements having limits are inserted in alphabetical order of their chemical symbols between Titanium,and Other Elements,Each,or are speciﬁed in footnotes.N OTE A1.2—Aluminum is speciﬁed as minimum for unalloyed alumi-num and as a remainder for aluminumalloys.--` , , ` ` ` , , , , ` ` ` ` -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B07has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B179–10) that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved May1,2011.)(1)Added Speciﬁcation B969to Section2.Committee B07has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B179–09) that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved May1,2010.)(1)A365.1added to Table1.Committee B07has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(B179–06) that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved Nov.15,2009.)(1)Add new 1.3and 1.5in the scope to allow use of inch-pounds or SI units with change in designation.(2)Note2correct referenced ASTM titles.(3)Sections1.2and7.1.4.1removed E88,added EN12424 reference to Section6.(4)New section2.4,Other Standards,to add reference for EN 14242with appropriate footnote.(5)Add metric units to3.1.3.(6)Section3,correct references to other sections.(7)Table1new alloys appearing in the standard;367.1,368.1, E380.1,B383.1with all appropriate footnotes.(8)Revise6.1and add new6.2and6.3.(9)Revise metric units in7.1.2.(10)Delete Section8and renumber following sections.(11)Revise A1.2.7and Note A1.1to follow element listing in Table1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyﬁve years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website ().Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website(/COPYRIGHT/).--`,,```,,,,````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---。

很低的铝含量英文

很低的铝含量英文The Importance of Minimizing Aluminum Content in ProductsAluminum is a widely used metal in a variety of industries due to its unique properties such as lightweight, corrosion resistance, and malleability. However, excessive exposure to aluminum has been linked to various health concerns, making it crucial to minimize the aluminum content in consumer products. This essay will discuss the importance of maintaining very low aluminum levels and the strategies employed by manufacturers to achieve this goal.One of the primary reasons for the push to reduce aluminum content is the potential health risks associated with aluminum exposure. Studies have suggested that high levels of aluminum can accumulate in the human body, particularly in the brain, and may contribute to the development of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, aluminum exposure has been linked to kidney problems, bone health issues, and respiratory complications. By minimizing the aluminum content in products, manufacturers can help mitigate these health concerns and provide consumers withsafer alternatives.To address this issue, many industries have implemented stringent regulations and guidelines to limit the amount of aluminum present in their products. In the food and beverage industry, for example, the use of aluminum-based food additives, such as aluminum-containing food coloring and preservatives, has been restricted or banned in many countries. Manufacturers are required to carefully monitor the aluminum content in their products and ensure that it remains within the acceptable limits set by regulatory bodies.Similarly, in the personal care and cosmetic industry, the use of aluminum-based compounds, such as aluminum salts in antiperspirants and aluminum-containing sunscreens, has been a subject of ongoing scrutiny. Consumers have become increasingly aware of the potential risks associated with these products, leading manufacturers to develop alternative formulations with lower aluminum content or to offer aluminum-free options.The automotive industry has also made strides in reducing aluminum content in vehicle components. While aluminum has been widely used in the past due to its lightweight and strength properties, there is a growing trend towards the use of alternative materials, such as high-strength steel and composite materials, to minimize the overall aluminum content in vehicles. This shift not only reduces theenvironmental impact of aluminum production but also contributes to improved fuel efficiency and reduced carbon emissions.In the construction and building materials industry, the use of aluminum-containing products, such as siding, roofing, and window frames, has been scrutinized. Manufacturers are exploring alternative materials, such as wood, vinyl, and fiber-cement, to provide consumers with options that have a lower aluminum content. This approach not only addresses the health concerns but also aligns with the growing demand for environmentally-friendly and sustainable building materials.To achieve very low aluminum content in their products, manufacturers employ various strategies and technologies. One approach is to utilize alternative raw materials that are naturally low in aluminum or to implement advanced processing techniques to remove or minimize the aluminum content during production. Additionally, manufacturers may invest in research and development to identify innovative materials and manufacturing processes that can effectively reduce the aluminum levels in their products.Another important aspect of minimizing aluminum content is the implementation of rigorous quality control measures throughout the production process. Manufacturers must regularly test and monitor the aluminum levels in their products, ensuring that they complywith the established standards and regulations. This attention to detail helps to maintain the integrity of the products and provides consumers with the assurance that they are purchasing items with very low aluminum content.Furthermore, the collaboration between manufacturers, regulatory bodies, and consumer advocacy groups is crucial in driving the push for reduced aluminum content. These stakeholders work together to establish guidelines, conduct research, and raise awareness about the potential health risks associated with aluminum exposure. By working in tandem, they can drive the development of safer and more sustainable products that meet the evolving needs and expectations of consumers.In conclusion, the importance of maintaining very low aluminum content in consumer products cannot be overstated. The potential health risks associated with aluminum exposure have prompted manufacturers across various industries to prioritize the reduction of aluminum levels in their products. Through the implementation of stringent regulations, innovative manufacturing techniques, and collaborative efforts, the industry is making strides in providing consumers with safer and more sustainable alternatives. As the awareness and understanding of the risks associated with aluminum continue to grow, the demand for products with very low aluminumcontent will likely increase, further driving the industry's commitment to minimizing this potentially harmful substance.。

铝材表面处理产品质量技术标准

铝材表面处理产品质量技术标准Aluminum surface treatment is a critical step in enhancing the durability and appearance of aluminum products. The quality of the surface treatment directly impacts the overall performance and aesthetics of the finished product. As such, it is essential to establish and adhere to high-quality technical standards for aluminum surface treatment products.铝材表面处理是提高铝制品耐用性和外观的关键步骤。

表面处理的质量直接影响最终产品的性能和美观度。

因此，建立并遵守高质量的铝材表面处理产品技术标准至关重要。

First and foremost, technical standards for aluminum surface treatment products should address the various methods of surface preparation and finishing. This includes processes such as cleaning, etching, anodizing, and coating, each of which plays a significant role in enhancing the surface properties of aluminum. These standards should outline the specific parameters, procedures, and quality control measures for each step of the surface treatment process to ensure consistent and reliable results.首先，铝材表面处理产品的技术标准应涵盖表面处理和整理的各种方法。

aluminum alloy wire astm standard

aluminum alloy wire astm standard Aluminum Alloy Wire ASTM StandardIntroduction:Aluminum is a versatile metal widely used in various industries. Its lightweight, high strength, and excellent conductivity make it an ideal material for many applications. In this article, we will discuss aluminum alloy wire and its adherence to the ASTM International standards, which ensure quality and consistency in the manufacturing and use of such wires.I. What are ASTM standards?ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials, is a globally recognized organization that develops and publishes technical standards for various materials, including metals and alloys. These standards provide guidelines for manufacturers and users to ensure product quality, safety, and compatibility.II. Understanding Aluminum Alloy Wire:Aluminum alloy wire is a form of wire that is made by combiningaluminum with other elements, such as copper, magnesium, or silicon, to enhance its properties. The addition of these elements improves the strength, conductivity, and corrosion resistance of the wire. Aluminum alloy wires find application in industries such as electrical, automotive, aerospace, and construction.III. ASTM Standards for Aluminum Alloy Wire:The ASTM standards for aluminum alloy wire define various parameters and tests to ensure the quality and performance of the wire. Some of the essential ASTM standards for aluminum alloy wires include:1. ASTM B233: Standard Specification for Aluminum 1350 Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes - This standard outlines the requirements for aluminum wire used specifically in electrical applications. It covers the dimensions, tensile strength, electrical resistivity, and uniform elongation of the wire.2. ASTM B800: Standard Specification for 8000 Series Aluminum Alloy Wire for Electrical Purposes - This standard specifically focuses on aluminum alloy wire used in electrical applications. It covers the general requirements, chemical composition, andmechanical properties of the wire.3. ASTM B233M: Standard Specification for Aluminum 1350 Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes (Metric) - Similar to ASTMB233, this standard provides the metric equivalent for the requirements outlined in the previous standard.4. ASTM B609/B609M: Standard Specification for Aluminum 1350 Round Wire, Annealed and Intermediate Tempers, for Electrical Purposes (Metric) - This standard covers the requirements for round aluminum wire used in electrical applications. It specifies the dimensions, mechanical properties, and electrical conductivity of the wire.IV. Adherence to ASTM Standards:To ensure compliance with the ASTM standards, manufacturers of aluminum alloy wire must follow specific processes and conduct various tests during production. These may include chemical composition analysis, mechanical property testing, and quality control measures.Manufacturers validate their adherence to the ASTM standards byobtaining certification or providing test reports that demonstrate compliance. Users of aluminum alloy wire can verify the compliance of the wire they purchase by checking for the ASTM specification mentioned by the manufacturer.V. Benefits of ASTM-Compliant Aluminum Alloy Wire:Using ASTM-compliant aluminum alloy wire offers several benefits, including:1. Quality Assurance: adherence to the ASTM standards ensures that the wire meets specific quality requirements, ensuring reliable and consistent performance.2. Safety: complying with ASTM standards reduces the risk of failures or malfunctions, minimizing potential hazards for users.3. Compatibility: ASTM standards ensure that the aluminum alloy wire is compatible with other materials and devices used in various applications, facilitating system integration and operation.Conclusion:Aluminum alloy wire finds extensive use in various industries due to its exceptional properties. Adhering to the ASTM standards ensures the quality, safety, and performance of aluminum alloy wire. Manufacturers and users should follow these standards to guarantee the reliability and compatibility of their aluminum alloy wire products. By doing so, they can harness the full potential of aluminum alloy wire for their specific applications.。

美国钢铁产品的标准比较多

美国钢铁产品的标准比较多，主要有以下几种：美国钢铁产品的标准比较多，主要有以下几种：ANSI美国国家标准AISI 美国钢铁学会标准ASTM美国材料与试验协会标准ASME美国机械工程师协会标准AMS航天材料规格（美国航空工业最常用的一种材料规格，由SAE制定）API美国石油学会标准AWS美国焊接协会标准SAE美国机动车工程师协会标准MIL美国军用标准QQ美国联邦政府标准A216:：WCB , WCCA217: WC6 , WC9 , C5 (ZGCr5Mo)A351: CF8 , CF3 , CF3 M , CF8C标准号标准中文名称标准英文名称ASTM A1-00 碳素钢丁字轨Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Tee Rails ASTM A2-02 普通型,带槽和防护型碳素工字钢轨Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Girder Rails of Plain, Grooved, and Guard TypesASTM A3-01 低、中、高碳素钢鱼尾（连接）板Standard Specification for Steel Joint Bars, Low, Medium, and High Carbon (Non-Heat-Treated)ASTM A6/A6M-04a 轧制结构钢板材、型材和薄板桩通用技术要求Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet PilingASTM A20/A20M-04a 压力容器用钢板材通用要求Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure VesselsASTM A27/A27M-03 通用碳素钢铸件Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General ApplicationASTM A29/A29M-04 热锻及冷加工碳素钢和合金钢棒Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forASTM A31-04 钢铆钉及铆钉和压力容器用棒材Standard Specification for Steel Rivets and Bars for Rivets, Pressure VesselsASTM A34/A34M-01 磁性材料的抽样和采购试验的标准惯例Standard Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing of Magnetic MaterialsASTM A36/A36M-04 碳素结构钢技术规范Standard Specification for Carbon Structural SteelASTM A47/A47M-99 铁素体可锻铁铸件Standard Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron CastingsASTM A48/A48M-03 灰铁铸件Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings ASTM A49-01 经热处理的碳素钢鱼尾（连接）板，微合金鱼尾板及锻制碳素钢异型鱼尾板Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Carbon Steel Joint Bars, Microalloyed Joint Bars, and Forged Carbon Steel Compromise Joint BarsASTM A53/A53M-04 无镀层热浸的、镀锌的、焊接的及无缝钢管的技术规范Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessASTM A65-01 钢轨道钉Standard Specification for Steel Track SpikesASTM A66-01 钢质螺旋道钉Standard Specification for Steel Screw Spikes ASTM A67-00 热加工低碳钢和高碳钢垫板技术规范Standard Specification for Steel Tie Plates, Low-Carbon and High-Carbon Hot-WorkedASTM A74-04 铸铁污水管及配件的技术规范Standard Specification for Cast Iron Soil Pipe and FittingsASTM A82-02 钢筋混凝土用无节钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete ReinforcementASTM A90/A90M-01 镀锌和镀锌合金钢铁制品镀层重量的试验方法Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy CoatingsASTM A99-03 锰铁合金Standard Specification for FerromanganeseASTM A100-04 硅铁Standard Specification for FerrosiliconASTM A101-04 铬铁Standard Specification for FerrochromiumASTM A102-04 钒铁合金Standard Specification for FerrovanadiumASTM A105/A105M-03 管系部件用碳素钢锻件Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping ApplicationsASTM A106/A106M-04a 高温用无缝碳素钢管Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A108-03 优质冷加工碳素钢棒材技术规范Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedASTM A109/A109M-03 冷轧碳素钢带技术规范Standard Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25 Maximum Percent), Cold-RolledASTM A111-99a(2004)e1 电话和电报线路用镀锌"铁"丝规格Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Iron Telephone and Telegraph Line WireASTM A116-00 镀锌钢丝编织栏栅网Standard Specification for Metallic-Coated, Steel Woven Wire Fence FabricASTM A121-99(2004) 镀锌刺钢丝Standard Specification for Mettalic-Coated Carbon Steel Barbed WireASTM A123/A123M-02 钢铁产品的锌镀层（热浸镀锌）技术规范Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsASTM A125-96(2001) 热处理螺旋形钢弹簧Standard Specification for Steel Springs, Helical, Heat-TreatedASTM A126-04 阀门、法兰和管配件用灰铁铸件Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe FittingsASTM A128/A128M-93(2003) 钢铸件,奥氏体锰Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Austenitic ManganeseASTM A131/A131M-04 海船用结构钢Standard Specification for Structural Steel for ShipsASTM A132-04 钼铁合金Standard Specification for FerromolybdenumASTM A134-96(2001) 电熔(电弧)焊钢管(NPS为16英寸和16英寸以上) Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over)ASTM A135-01 电阻焊钢管Standard Specification forElectric-Resistance-Welded Steel PipeASTM A139/A139M-04 电熔(电弧)焊钢管(4英寸以上的) Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded Steel Pipe (NPS 4 and Over)ASTM A143/A143M-03 热浸镀锌结构钢制品防脆裂措施和探测脆裂的程序Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Embrittlement of Hot-Dip Galvanized Structural Steel Products and Procedure for Detecting EmbrittlementASTM A144-02 铁钨合金规范Specification for FerrotungstenASTM A146-04 氧化钼制品Standard Specification for Molybdenum Oxide ProductsASTM A148/A148M-03 结构用高强度钢铸件Standard Specification for Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural PurposesASTM A153/A153M-04 钢铁制金属构件上镀锌层(热浸) Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel HardwareASTM A159-83(2001) 汽车用灰铁铸件Standard Specification for Automotive Gray Iron CastingsASTM A167-99 不锈钢和耐热铬镍钢板、薄板及带材Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A176-99 不锈钢和耐热铬钢板、薄板及带材Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A178/A178M-02 电阻焊接碳素钢钢管及碳锰钢锅炉和过热器管的技术规范Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel andCarbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A179/A179M-90a(2001) 热交换器和冷凝器用无缝冷拉低碳钢管Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser TubesASTM A181/A181M-01 普通锻制碳素钢管的规格Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose PipingASTM A182/A182M-02 高温设备用锻制或轧制的合金钢管法兰、锻制管件、阀门及零件Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A183-03 钢轨用碳素钢螺栓和螺母Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Track Bolts and NutsASTM A184/A184M-01 混凝土加筋用变形钢筋编织网Standard Specification for Fabricated Deformed Steel Bar Mats for Concrete ReinforcementASTM A185-02 钢筋混凝土用焊接钢丝结构Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for ConcreteASTM A192/A192M-02 高压用无缝碳素钢锅炉管Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure ServiceASTM A193/A193M-04b 高温设备用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service ASTM A194/A194M-04a 高温和高压设备用碳素钢与合金钢螺栓和螺母的规格Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or BothASTM A197/A197M-00 化铁炉用可锻铸铁Standard Specification for Cupola Malleable IronASTM A202/A202M-03 压力容器用铬锰硅合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-Manganese-SiliconASTM A203/A203M-97(2003) 压力容器用镍合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, NickelASTM A204/A204M-03 压力容器用钼合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, MolybdenumASTM A209/A209M-03 锅炉和过热器用无缝碳钼合金钢管Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon-Molybdenum Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes ASTM A210/A210M-02 锅炉和过热器用无缝中碳素管Standard Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Superheater TubesASTM A213/A213M-04 无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢锅炉、过热器和换热器管Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger TubesASTM A214/A214M-96(2001) 热交换器与冷凝器用电阻焊接碳素钢管Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser TubesASTM A216/A216M-93(2003) 高温下使用的适合于熔焊的碳素钢铸件规格Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High- Temperature ServiceASTM A217/A217M-02 适合高温受压零件用合金钢和马氏体不锈钢铸件Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A220/A220M-99 珠光体可锻铁Standard Specification for Pearlitic Malleable IronASTM A225/A225M-03 压力容器用锰矾镍合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Vanadium-NickelASTM A227/A227M-99 机械弹簧用冷拉钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn for Mechanical SpringsASTM A228/A228M-02 乐器用优质弹簧钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Music Spring QualityASTM A229/A229M-99 机械弹簧用油回火的钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical SpringsASTM A230/A230M-99 阀门用油回火优质碳素钢弹簧丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered Carbon Valve Spring QualityASTM A231/A231M-96(2002) 铬钒合金钢弹簧丝Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Spring WireASTM A232/A232M-99 阀门用优质铬钒合金钢弹簧丝Standard Specification for Chromium-Vanadium Alloy Steel Valve Spring Quality WireASTM A234/A234M-04 中温与高温下使用的锻制碳素钢及合金钢管配件Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and High Temperature ServiceASTM A239-95(2004) 用普力斯试验法(硫酸铜浸蚀)确定铁或钢制品上镀锌层最薄点的测试方法Standard Practice for Locating the Thinnest Spot in a Zinc (Galvanized) Coating on Iron or Steel ArticlesASTM A240/A240M-04ae1 压力容器用耐热铬及铬镍不锈钢板、薄板及带材Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General ApplicationsASTM A242/A242M-04 高强度低合金结构钢Standard Specification forHigh-Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelASTM A247-67(1998) 铁铸件中石墨显微结构评定试验方法Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of Graphite in Iron CastingsASTM A249/A249M-04 锅炉、过热器、换热器和冷凝器用焊接奥氏体钢管Standard Specification for Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater,Heat-Exchanger, and Condenser TubesASTM A250/A250M-04 锅炉和过热器用电阻焊铁素体合金钢管Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Ferritic Alloy-Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes ASTM A252-98(2002) 焊接钢和无缝钢管桩Standard Specification for Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe PilesASTM A254-97(2002) 铜焊钢管规格Standard Specification for Copper-Brazed Steel TubingASTM A255-02 测定钢淬透性用末端淬火试验的标准试验方法Standard Test Method for Determining Hardenability of SteelASTM A262-03 奥氏体不锈钢晶间浸蚀敏感性的检测Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsASTM A263-03 耐腐蚀铬钢包覆板材,薄板材及带材技术规范Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad PlateASTM A264-03 包覆的不锈铬镍钢板,薄板及带材规格Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad PlateASTM A265-03 镍和镍基合金包覆钢板规格Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel PlateASTM A266/A266M-03a 压力容器部件用碳素钢锻件规格Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel ComponentsASTM A268/A268M-04 一般设备用无缝和焊接铁素体与马氏体不锈钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceASTM A269-04 一般设备用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceASTM A270-03a 卫生设施用无缝钢和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Sanitary TubingASTM A275/A275M-98(2003) 钢锻件的磁粉检查试验方法Standard Test Method for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel ForgingsASTM A276-04 不锈钢棒材和型材Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and ShapesASTM A278/A278M-01 适用于650F容压部件用灰铸铁件的技术规范Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650°F (350°C)ASTM A283/A283M-03 低和中等抗拉强度碳素钢板Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel PlatesASTM A285/A285M-03 压力容器用低和中等抗拉强度的碳素钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and Intermediate-Tensile Strength ASTM A288-91(2003) 涡轮发电机磁性定位环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators标准号标准中文名称标准英文名称ASTM A289/A289M-97(2003) 发电机非磁性定位环用合金钢锻件的技术规范Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for GeneratorsASTM A290-02 减速器环用碳素钢和合金钢锻件Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction GearsASTM A291-03 减速器小齿轮、齿轮和心轴用碳素钢和合金钢锻件Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears and Shafts for Reduction GearsASTM A295-98 高碳耐磨轴承钢技术规范Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing SteelASTM A297/A297M-97(2003) 一般用耐热铬铁与镍铬铁合金钢铸件规格Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General ApplicationASTM A299/A299M-04 压力容器用锰硅碳钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Manganese-SiliconASTM A302/A302M-03 压力容器用锰钼和锰钼镍合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Manganese-Molybdenum and Manganese-Molybdenum-NickelASTM A304-04 有末端淬火淬透性要求的合金钢棒材的技术规范Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsASTM A307-04 抗拉强度为60000psi的碳素钢螺栓和螺柱的技术规范Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile StrengthASTM A308/A308M-03 经热浸处理镀有铅锡合金的薄板材的技术规范Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Terne (Lead-Tin Alloy) Coated by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM A309-01 用三点试验法测定长镀锌薄钢板镀层的重量成分的试验方法Standard Test Method for Weight and Composition of Coating on Terne Sheet by the Triple-Spot TestASTM A311/A311M-04 有机械性能要求的消除应力的冷拉碳素钢棒Standard Specification for Cold-Drawn, Stress-Relieved Carbon Steel Bars Subject to Mechanical Property RequirementsASTM A312/A312M-04a 无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesASTM A313/A313M-03 不锈钢弹簧丝技术规范Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Spring WireASTM A314-97(2002) 锻造用不锈及耐热钢坯及钢棒规格Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for ForgingASTM A319-71(2001) 高温无压部件用灰铁铸件Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing PartsASTM A320/A320M-04 低温用合金钢螺栓材料规格Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A321-90(2001) 经淬火和回火的碳素钢棒Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Quenched and TemperedASTM A322-91(2001)e1 合金钢棒材.级别Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard GradesASTM A323-93(2000) 硼铁规格Standard Specification for FerroboronASTM A324-73(2000) 钛铁合金Standard Specification for Ferrotitanium ASTM A325-04a 经热处理最小抗拉强度为120/105ksi的热处理钢结构螺栓Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthASTM A325M-04a 经热处理最小抗拉强度为830Mpa的热处理钢结构螺栓Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 Mpa Minimum Tensile Strength [Metric]ASTM A327-91(1997) 铸铁冲击试验方法Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast IronsASTM A327M-91(1997) 铸铁冲击试验方法(米制) Standard Test Methods for Impact Testing of Cast Irons (Metric)ASTM A328/A328M-03 薄钢板桩Standard Specification for Steel Sheet Piling ASTM A333/A333M-04a 低温用无缝与焊接钢管规格Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A334/A334M-04a 低温设备用无缝与焊接碳素和合金钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel Tubes for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A335/A335M-03 高温用无缝铁素体合金钢管Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A336/A336M-03a 压力与高温部件用合金钢锻件规格Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature PartsASTM A338-84(2004) 铁路,船舶和其他重型装备在温度达到650华氏度(345摄氏度)时使用的可锻铸铁法兰,管件和阀门零件Standard Specification for Malleable Iron Flanges, Pipe Fittings, and Valve Parts for Railroad, Marine, and Other Heavy Duty Service at Temperatures Up to 650°F (345°C)ASTM A340-03a 有关磁性试验用符号和定义的术语Standard Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic TestingASTM A341/A341M-00 用直流磁导计和冲击试验法测定材料的直流磁性能的试验方法Standard Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the Ballistic Test MethodsASTM A342/A342M-99 磁铁材料导磁率的试验方法Standard Test Methods for Permeability of Feebly Magnetic MaterialsASTM A343/A343M-03 在电力频率下用瓦特计-安培计-伏特计法(100-1000赫兹)和25 厘米艾普斯亭(EPSTEIN) 机架测定材料的交流电磁性能的试验方法Standard Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method and 25-cm Epstein Test FrameASTM A345-98 磁设备用平轧电炉钢Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic ApplicationsASTM A348/A348M-00 用瓦特计--安培计--伏特计法(100-10000赫兹)和25厘米艾普斯亭框测定材料的交流磁性能的试验方法Standard Test Method for Alternating Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Wattmeter-Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10 000 Hz and 25-cm Epstein FrameASTM A350/A350M-04 要求进行缺口韧性试验的管道部件用碳素钢与低合金钢锻件技术规范Standard Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping ComponentsASTM A351/A351M-03 容压零件用奥氏体及奥氏体铁素体铸铁的技术规范Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A352/A352M-03 低温受压零件用铁素体和马氏体钢铸件规格Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A353/A353M-93(1999) 压力容器用经二次正火及回火处理的含9％镍的合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, 9 Percent Nickel, Double-Normalized and TemperedASTM A354-04 淬火与回火合金钢螺栓,双头螺栓及其他外螺纹紧固件规格Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded FastenersASTM A355-89(2000) 渗氮用合金钢棒Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloys, for NitridingASTM A356/A356M-98(2003) 蒸汽轮机用厚壁碳素钢、低合金钢和不锈钢铸件Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam TurbinesASTM A358/A358M-04 高温用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍合金钢管Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General ApplicationsASTM A363-03 地面架空线用镀锌钢丝绳Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Overhead Ground Wire StrandASTM A367-60(1999) 铸铁的激冷试验方法Standard Test Methods of Chill Testing of Cast IronASTM A368-95a(2000) 不锈钢和耐热钢丝绳的标准Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire StrandASTM A369/A369M-02 高温用锻制和镗孔碳素钢管和铁素体合金钢管Standard Specification for Carbon and Ferritic Alloy Steel Forged and Bored Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A370-03a 钢制品机械测试的标准试验方法和定义Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products标准号标准中文名称标准英文名称ASTM A372/A372M-03 薄壁压力容器用碳素钢及合金钢锻件Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure VesselsASTM A376/A376M-02a 高温中心站用无缝奥氏钢管Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Central-Station ServiceASTM A377-03 球墨铸铁压力管规范索引Standard Index of Specifications for Ductile-Iron Pressure PipeASTM A380-99e1 不锈钢零件、设备和系统的清洗和除垢Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems ASTM A381-96(2001) 高压输送用金属弧焊钢管Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission SystemsASTM A384/A384M-02 防止钢组件热浸镀锌时翘曲和扭曲用安全保护Standard Practice for Safeguarding Against Warpage and Distortion During Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel AssembliesASTM A385-03 提供高质量镀锌覆层(热浸) Standard Practice for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings (Hot-Dip)ASTM A387/A387M-03 压力容器用铬钼合金钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, Chromium-MolybdenumASTM A388/A388M-03 重型钢锻件超声波检测Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel ForgingsASTM A389/A389M-03 适合高温受压部件用经特殊热处理的合金钢铸件规格Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A390-95(2001) 饲养家禽用镀锌钢丝栏栅网(六角形和直线形) Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Steel Poultry Fence Fabric (Hexagonal and Straight Line)ASTM A391/A391M-01 80号合金钢链条Standard Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel ChainASTM A392-03 镀锌钢丝链环栏栅网Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricASTM A394-04 传动塔架用镀锌和裸露钢螺栓Standard Specification for Steel Transmission Tower Bolts, Zinc-Coated and BareASTM A395/A395M-99e1 高温用铁素体球墨铸铁受压铸件Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated TemperaturesASTM A400-69(2000) 钢棒的成分及机械性能选择指南Standard Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical PropertiesASTM A401/A401M-03 铬硅合金钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon AlloyASTM A403/A403M-04 锻制奥氏体不锈钢管配件Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping FittingsASTM A407-93(2004) 盘簧用冷拉钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type SpringsASTM A409/A409M-01 腐蚀场所或高温下使用的焊接大口径奥氏体钢管Standard Specification for Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature ServiceASTM A411-03 镀锌低碳钢铠装线Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Low-Carbon Steel Armor WireASTM A413/A413M-01 碳素钢链Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Chain ASTM A414/A414M-04 压力容器用碳素薄钢板Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, for Pressure VesselsASTM A416/A416M-02 预应力混凝土用无涂层七股钢铰线Standard Specification for Steel Strand, Uncoated Seven-Wire for Prestressed ConcreteASTM A417-93(2004) 之字形、方形、正弦形家具用弹簧元件用冷拔钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Zig-Zag, Square-Formed, and Sinuous-Type Upholstery Spring UnitsASTM A418-99(2003) 涡轮机及发电机钢转子锻件的超声波检查方法Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Examination of Turbine and Generator Steel Rotor Forgings ASTM A420/A420M-04 低温下用锻制碳素钢和合金钢管配件Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Low-Temperature ServiceASTM A421/A421M-02 预应力混凝土用无涂层消除应力钢丝的技术规范Standard Specification for Uncoated Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for Prestressed ConcreteASTM A423/A423M-95(2000) 无缝和电焊低合金钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel TubesASTM A424-00 搪瓷用钢薄板Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, for Porcelain EnamelingASTM A426/A426M-02 高温用离心铸造的铁素体合金钢管Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service ASTM A427-02 冷轧和热轧用锻制合金钢辊Standard Specification for Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot ReductionASTM A428/A428M-01 钢铁制品上铝覆层重量的测试方法Standard Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Aluminum-Coated Iron or Steel ArticlesASTM A434-04 热轧与冷精轧经回火及淬火的合金钢棒Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Quenched and TemperedASTM A435/A435M-90(2001) 钢板的直射束纵向超声波检验Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel PlatesASTM A436-84(2001) 奥氏体灰口铁铸件Standard Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsASTM A437/A437M-01a 高温用经特殊处理的涡轮型合金钢螺栓材料Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel Turbine-Type Bolting Material Specially Heat Treated forHigh-Temperature ServiceASTM A439-83(1999) 奥氏体可锻铸铁铸件Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron CastingsASTM A447/A447M-93(2003) 高温用镍铬铁合金钢铸件(25-12级) Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), forHigh-Temperature ServiceASTM A449-04a 经淬火和回火的钢螺栓和螺柱Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Steel Bolts and StudsASTM A450/A450M-04 碳素钢管、铁素体合金钢管及奥氏体合金钢管Standard Specification for General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel TubesASTM A451/A451M-02 高温用离心铸造的奥氏体钢管Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceASTM A453/A453M-03 具有同奥氏体钢相类似的膨胀系数、屈服强度为50-120Ksi(345-827MPa)的耐高温螺栓材料Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting Materials, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels ASTM A455/A455M-03 压力容器用高强度碳锰钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, High-Strength ManganeseASTM A456/A456M-99(2003) 大型曲轴锻件的磁粉检查Standard Specification for Magnetic Particle Examination of Large Crankshaft ForgingsASTM A459-97(2003) 镀锌平轧扁钢铠装带Standard Specification forZinc-Coated Flat Steel Armoring TapeASTM A460-94(2004)e1 包铜钢丝绳标准Standard Specification for Copper-Clad Steel Wire StrandASTM A463/A463M-02a 热浸镀铝薄钢板Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM A466/A466M-01 非焊接碳素钢链Standard Specification for Weldless ChainASTM A467/A467M-01 机器链和盘旋链Standard Specification for Machine and Coil Chain标准号标准中文名称标准英文名称ASTM A469-04 用于发电机转子的真空处理钢锻件Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator RotorsASTM A470-03 涡轮机转子和轴用经真空处理的碳素钢和合金锻件Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and ShaftsASTM A471-02 涡轮转子转盘和转轮用真空处理合金钢锻件技术规范Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels ASTM A472-98(2003) 蒸汽涡轮机轴及转子锻件的热稳定性的试验方法Standard Test Method for Heat Stability of Steam Turbine Shafts and Rotor ForgingsASTM A473-01 不锈和耐热钢锻件Standard Specification for Stainless Steel ForgingsASTM A474-03 包铝钢丝绳标准Standard Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Wire StrandASTM A475-03 镀锌钢丝绳Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Wire StrandASTM A476/A476M-00 造纸厂干燥辊用球墨可锻铸铁件Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings for Paper Mill Dryer RollsASTM A478-97(2002) 铬镍不锈钢和耐热钢制编织钢丝Standard Specification for Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Weaving and Knitting WireASTM A479/A479M-04 锅炉及压力容器用不锈钢和耐热钢棒与型材Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels ASTM A480/A480M-04 扁平轧制耐热不锈钢厚板材、薄板材和带材通用要求Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless andHeat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A481-94(2000) 金属铬Standard Specification for Chromium Metal ASTM A482-93(2000) 铬铁硅Standard Specification for Ferrochrome-Silicon ASTM A483-64(2000) 硅锰合金Standard Specification for Silicomanganese ASTM A484/A484M-03a 不锈及耐热锻钢棒,钢坯及锻件的规格Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and ForgingsASTM A485-03 高淬透性耐磨轴承钢的技术规范Standard Specification for High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing SteelASTM A487/A487M-93(1998) 受压钢铸件Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure ServiceASTM A488/A488M-01e1 钢铸件焊接规程和工作人员的合格鉴定Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and PersonnelASTM A489-04 碳素钢吊耳Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Lifting Eyes ASTM A490M-04a 最小拉伸强度为150千磅/平方英寸热处理钢结构螺栓Standard Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthASTM A490-04a 最小拉伸强度为150千磅/平方英寸热处理钢结构螺栓Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints [Metric]ASTM A491-03 镀铝钢链环栏栅结构Standard Specification forAluminum-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence FabricASTM A492-95(2000) 耐热不锈钢丝绳Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Rope WireASTM A493-95(2000) 冷镦和冷锻不锈钢和耐热钢丝Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods for Cold Heading and Cold ForgingASTM A494/A494M-03ae1 镍和镍合金铸件Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel AlloyASTM A495-94(2000) 硅钙合金钢技术规范Standard Specification for Calcium-Silicon AlloysASTM A496-02 钢筋混凝土用变形钢丝Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete ReinforcementASTM A497/A497M-02 钢筋混凝土用焊接变形钢丝网Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Deformed, for ConcreteASTM A498-04 无缝与焊接碳素钢,铁素体钢与奥氏体钢制有整体散热片的换热器钢管Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger Tubes with Integral FinsASTM A499-89(2002) 轧制丁字钢轨用的碳素钢棒材及型材的技术规范Standard Specification for Steel Bars and Shapes, Carbon Rolled from T RailsASTM A500-03a 圆形与异型焊接与无缝碳素钢结构管Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes ASTM A501-01 热成型焊接与无缝碳素钢结构管Standard Specification forHot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural TubingASTM A502-03 结构钢铆钉规范Standard Specification for Rivets, Steel, StructuralASTM A503/A503M-01(2001)e1 锻制大型曲轴的超声波检验Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged CrankshaftsASTM A504-04e1 锻制碳素钢轮Standard Specification for Wrought Carbon Steel WheelsASTM A505-00 热轧和冷轧合金钢薄板和带材Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements forASTM A506-04 正规质量及优质结构的热轧和冷轧合金钢薄板与带材Standard Specification for Alloy and Structural Alloy Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled ASTM A507-04 优质拉拔,热轧和冷轧合金钢薄板与带材Standard Specification for Drawing Alloy Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled and Cold-RolledASTM A508/A508M-04b 压力容器用经回火和淬火真空处理的碳素钢与合金钢锻件Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure VesselsASTM A510-03 碳素钢盘条和粗圆钢丝通用要求Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelASTM A510M-03 碳素钢盘条和粗圆钢丝通用要求Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel [Metric]ASTM A511-04 无缝不锈钢机械管Standard Specification for Seamless Stainless Steel Mechanical TubingASTM A512-96(2001) 冷拉对缝焊碳素钢机械管Standard Specification for Cold-Drawn Buttweld Carbon Steel Mechanical TubingASTM A513-00 电阻焊碳素钢与合金钢机械钢管Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical TubingASTM A514/A514M-00a 焊接用经回火与淬火的高屈服强度合金钢板Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for WeldingASTM A515/A515M-03 中温及高温压力容器用碳素钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Temperature Service ASTM A516/A516M-04 中温及低温压力容器用碳素钢板Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate- and Lower-Temperature Service。

registration under 1999 act -回复

registration under 1999 act -回复在文章中，我将逐步回答关于铝合金丝的ASTM标准的问题。

铝合金丝是一种常用于电缆、汽车和航空航天领域的重要材料。

ASTM 标准是一种广泛接受的国际标准，用于规定铝合金丝的质量和性能要求，以确保其在各种应用中的可靠性和安全性。

ASTM标准中最常用的标准之一是ASTM B233-20 "Standard Specification for Aluminum 1350 Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes"。

这个标准规定了用于电气用途的铝合金丝的性能要求和化学成分。

该标准规定了一系列测试方法，用于确定铝合金丝的拉伸强度、伸长率和硬度等物理特性。

此外，还规定了铝合金丝的尺寸和表面处理要求。

根据ASTM B233-20标准的要求，铝合金丝需要符合特定的化学成分范围。

例如，铝元素的含量应达到99.45以上。

此外，还有其他的合金元素，如硅、铜、镁和铁等，其含量也有具体的要求。

这些要求是为了保证铝合金丝具有良好的可加工性和电导率。

除了化学成分要求，ASTM B233-20标准还规定了铝合金丝的机械性能要求。

拉伸强度是衡量材料抗拉性能的重要指标，该标准规定了铝合金丝的最低拉伸强度为90 MPa。

此外，伸长率和硬度等指标也有具体要求。

为了确保铝合金丝的质量和性能符合ASTM标准的要求，制造商需要进行严格的质量控制。

这包括采用适当的材料和工艺，并进行定期的检测和测试。

常见的检测方法包括拉伸试验、硬度测试和化学分析等。

总结起来，ASTM标准对铝合金丝的质量和性能提出了具体要求，包括化学成分、机械性能和尺寸等方面。

遵循这些标准可以确保铝合金丝在各种应用中的可靠性和安全性。

制造商需要通过严格的质量控制和测试来确保产品符合ASTM标准的要求。

铝合金丝的可靠性和性能是电气、汽车和航空航天领域中不可或缺的关键要素。

ASTM美国材料标准中文版

ASTM美国材料标准中文版ASTM A488/A488-2007 钢铸件焊接工艺和人员资格评定的标准实施规程( Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel )ASTMA802/A 802M-1995(R2006重新审批)视觉检测铸钢表面验收标准规程 (STANDARERACTICEFOR STEEL CASTINGS, SURFACE ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS, VISUAL EXAM)INATIONASTM B108-2006 铝合金永久型铸件标准规范( STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ALUMINUM-ALLOY PERMANENT MOLD CAST)INGSASTM B179-2006 铸造用铝合金原锭及熔融锭在各铸造过程的标准技术规范( STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ALUMINUM ALLOYS IN INGOT AND MOLTEN FORMS FOR CASTINGS FROM ALL CASTING PROCESS)ESASTM B26/B26M-2005铝合金砂铸件标准规范(STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ALUMINUM-ALLOY SAND CASTING)SASTM D256-2006测定塑料抗悬臂梁摆锤冲击性的标准试验方法( STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE IZOD PENDULUM IMPACT RESISTANCE OF PL)ASTICSASTM D2794-1993(R2004) 有机涂层抗快速形变(冲击)作用的标准试验方法( STANDARD TEST METHOFDORRESISTANCOEFORGANI C OATINGTSOTHEEFFECTSOFRAPIDDEFORMATIO(INMPACT) )ASTM D3359-2008胶带试验用测定粘合性的标准试验方法(STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR MEASURING ADHESION BY TAPE T)ESTASTM D3363-2005铅笔试验法测定涂膜硬度的标准试验方法( STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR FILM HARDNESS BY PENCIL TE)STASTMD4060-2007 用泰伯尔磨蚀机测定有机涂层耐磨性的标准试验方法 ( STANDARTDESTMETHODFOR ABRASION RESISTANCE OF ORGANIC COATINGS BY THE TABER A)BRASERASTM D4674-2002A暴露在室内办公室环境下的塑料颜色稳定性加速试验的标准实施规范( STANDARTDESTMETHOFDORACCELERATETDESTINGFORCOLORSTABILITY OFPLASTICSEXPOSEDTO INDOOR OFFICE ENVIRONME)NTSASTM D4752-2003用溶剂擦试法测定硅酸乙酯(无机)富锌底漆耐甲乙酮的标准试验方法(STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR MEASURING MEK RESISTANCE OF ETHYL SILICATE (INORGANIC) ZINC-RICH PRIMERS BY SOLVENT R)UBASTMD4828-1994E1(R2003) 有机覆层实际可洗性的标准试验方法( STANDARTDESTMETHODFSOR PRACTICAL WASHABILITY OF ORGANIC COAT)INGSASTMD638-2003 塑料拉伸性能标准测试方法 ( STANDARTDESTMETHOFDORTENSILEPROPERTIESOF PLASTICS)ASTM E1316-2007 无损检测标准术语( STANDARD TERMINOLOGY FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION)S ASTM E1444-2005 磁粉检测标准规程( STANDARD PRACTICE FOR MAGNETIC PARTICLE TE)STINGASTM E155-2005铝、镁铸件检验用标准参考射线底片(STANDARD REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS FOR INSPECTIONOF ALUMINUM AND MAGNESIUM CAS)TINGSASTME165-2002 液体渗透剂检查标准测试方法( STANDARTDESTMETHOFDORLIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINATIO)NASTM E165-2002液体渗透检查的标准试验方法王倩译(STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR LIQUID PENETRANT EXAMINAT)IONASTME192-2004 航天设备蜡模钢铸件的参考放射线照相( STANDARRDEFERENCREADIOGRAPHOSF INVESTMENT STEEL CASTINGS FOR AEROSPACE APPLIC)ATIONSASTM E242-2001(2005年重新批准)在某些参数变化时射线图像外观用标准参考射线底片(STANDARD REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS FOR APPEARANCES OF RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES AS CER PARAMETERS ARE CHAN)GEDASTM E385-2007 使用14兆电子伏特的中子活化和直接计数技术测定含氧量的试验方法(STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR OXYGEN CONTENT USING A 14-MEV NEUTRON ACTIVATION AND DIRECT-COUNTING TECHNIQ)UEASTM E426-1998(2007重新审批)无缝及焊接管产品、沃斯田不锈钢及类似合金的电磁(涡电流)检测操作规程( Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys )ASTM E446-98 (2004年重新批准) 用于厚度在2in(51mm)以下钢铸件的标准参考射线底片(STANDARD REFERENCE RADIOGRAPHS FOR STEEL CASTINGS UP TO 2 IN. (51 MM) IN THICKNESS (ALSO SEE ASTM E 446 ADJUNCT SET, ASTM E 446 ADJUNCT V1, ASTM E 446 ADJUNCT V2. AND ASTM E 446 ADJUNCT V3)) ASTME466-2007 金属材料上进行的恒定振幅轴向疲劳试验 (STANDARPDRACTICEFORCONDUCTING FORCE CONTROLLED CONSTANT AMPLITUDE AXIAL FATIGUE TESTS OF METALLIC MA)TERIALSASTM F2357-2004使用NORMA工具"RCA'磨擦器测定薄膜开关上墨水和涂层抗磨性的标准试验方法( STANDARTDESTMETHOFDORDETERMININTGHEABRASIONRESISTANCOEFINKS ANDCOATINGSON MEMBRANE SWITCHES USING THE NORMAN TOOL "RCA" A)BRADERASTM G154-2006非金属材料暴露用荧光灯紫外暴露装置的操作规范标准( STANDARD PRACTICEFOR OPERATING FLUORESCENT LIGHT APPARATUS FOR UVEXPOSURE OF NONMETALLI)CMATERIAISO,ASME,ASTM,DIN, JIS 国外管道法兰用密封垫片标准汇编ASTM F36-1995? 测定垫片材料压缩率及回弹率的标准试验方法ASTM F37-1995? 垫片材料密封性的标准试验方法ASTM F38-1995? 垫片材料的蠕变松弛的标准试验方法ASTM F112-1995? 包覆垫片密封性能的标准试验方法ASTM F146-1995A ?垫片材料耐液体标准试验方法ASTM F363-1989（1994年重新确认）垫片腐蚀试验的标准方法ASTM F336-1992?用于腐蚀工况的非金属包覆垫片的设计与结构用标准方法ASTM F586-1979（1989年重新确认）测定垫片汇漏（泄漏率与应力y和系数m的关系）的标准试验方法ASTM A6/A6M-2004 a版结构用轧制钢板、型钢、板桩和棒钢通用要求ASTM A27/A27M-2005版一般用途碳钢铸件标准技术条件ASTM A29/A29M-2005版热锻碳素钢和合金钢棒材一般要求标准规范ASTM A36/A36M-2005版碳结构钢标准规范ASTM A36/A36M-2004碳结构钢标准规范ASTM A48/A48M-2003版灰铸铁铸件标准技术条件ASTM A53/A53M-2005版无镀层及热浸镀锌焊接与无缝公称钢管标准技术条件ASTM A105/A105M-2005版管道部件用碳钢锻件ASTM A106-2006版高温用无缝碳钢公称管规范ASTM A108-2003版冷精整的碳钢和合金钢棒材标准技术条件ASTM A123/A123M-2002版钢铁产品镀锌品层（热浸镀）标准规范ASTM A126-2004版阀门、法兰和管道附件用灰铁铸件ASTM A143-2003版热浸镀锌结构钢制品防脆化的标准实施规程和催化探测方法ASTM A153/A153M-2005版钢铁构件镀锌层（热浸镀）标准规范ASTM A179/A179M-1990a（R2001）版热交换器和冷凝器用无缝冷拉低碳钢管标准规范ASTM A192-2002版高压设备用无缝碳钢锅炉管标准规范ASTM A193/A193M-2006版高温用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料ASTM A194/A194M-2006版高温或高压或高温高压螺栓用碳钢及合金钢螺母标准规范ASTM A209/A209M-2003版锅炉和过热器用无缝碳钼合金钢管标准规范ASTM A210/A210M-2002版无缝中碳钢锅炉管和过热器管标准规范ASTMA213/A213Mb-2004版无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢锅炉管、过热器管和换热器管标准规范ASTM A216/A216M-2004版高温用可熔焊碳钢铸件标准规范ASTM A234/A234M-2004版中、高温用锻制碳钢和合金钢管道配件ASTM A240/A240M-2005版压力容器用耐热铬及铬—镍不锈钢钢板、薄板和钢带标准技术条件ASTM A250/A250M-2004版锅炉和过热器用电阻焊铁素体碳合金钢管子标准技术条件ASTM A252-98( R2002)版焊接钢和无缝钢管桩的标准规范ASTM A262-2002a版探测奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感度的标准实施规范ASTM A269/A269-2004版通用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管标准规范ASTM A276-2006版不锈钢棒材和型材标准规范ASTM A283/A283M-2003版中、低抗拉强度碳素钢板标准技术条件ASTM A285/A285M-2003版压力容器用中、低抗拉强度碳素钢标准技术条件ASTM A307/A307M-2004版抗拉强度6000PSI碳钢螺栓和螺柱标准技术条件ASTM A312/A312M-2005版无缝和焊接的以及重度冷加工奥氏体不锈钢公称管标准技术条件ASTM A320/A320M-2005版低温用合金钢栓接材料标准规范ASTM A333/A333M-2004版低温设备用无缝和焊接钢管的规范标准ASTM A334/A334M-2004版低温设备用无缝和焊接碳素和合金钢管的标准规范ASTM A335-2003版高温设备用无缝铁素体合金钢管标准规范ASTM A336/A336M-2005版高温承压件合金钢锻件标准技术条件ASTM A350/A350M-2004版需切口韧性试验的管道部件用碳钢和低合金钢锻件标准规范ASTM A351/A351M-2006版承压件用奥氏体铸钢件标准规范ASTM A352/A352M-2006版低温承压用铁素体和马氏体铸钢件标准规范ASTM A356/A356M-2005版汽轮机用厚壁碳钢、低合金钢和不锈钢铸件标准技术条件ASTM A370-2005版钢制品力学性能试验方法和定义标准ASTM A387/A387M-2003版压力容器用铬钼合金钢板的标准规范ASTM A403/A403M-2004版锻制奥氏体不锈钢管配件的标准规范ASTM A450/A450M-2004版碳素钢管、铁素体合金钢管及奥氏体合金钢管一般要求的标准规范ASTM A479/A479M-2005版锅炉和其他压力容器用不锈钢棒材和型材标准技术条件ASTM A484/A484M-2005版不锈钢棒材、钢坯及锻件通用要求标准技术条件ASTM A500-2003a®圆形与异型冷成型焊接与无缝碳素钢结构管标准规范ASTM A515-2003版中温及高温压力容器用碳素钢板的标准规范ASTM A516-2004a®中温及低温压力容器用碳素钢板的标准规范ASTM A519-2003版机械工程用碳素钢和铝合金钢无缝钢管ASTM A530-2003版特种碳素钢和合金钢管一般要求的标准规范ASTM A577/A577M-90(R200)版钢板超声斜射波检验ASTM A589/A589M-2006版打水井用碳素钢无缝钢管和焊接钢管ASTM A609/A609M-199( 82002)版碳钢、低合金钢和马氏体不锈钢铸件超声波检验ASTM A615/A615M-2004版混凝土配筋用异形钢筋和无节钢胚棒标准规范ASTM A703/A703M-2004版标准技术条件一承压件钢铸件通用要求ASTM A751-2001版钢制品化学分析方法，实验操作和术语ASTM A781/A781M-2004版铸件、钢和合金的标准规范及通用工业的一般性要求ASTM A788/A788M-2004版标准技术条件一钢锻件通用要求ASTM A965/A965M-2002版高温承压件用奥氏体钢锻件标准规范ASTM B16/B16M-2005版螺纹切削机用易车削黄铜棒、条和型材标准规范ASTM B62/B62M-2002版青铜或高铜黄铜铸件标准规范ASTM B209-2004版铝和铝合金薄板和中厚板标准规范ASTM B462-2004版高温耐腐蚀用锻制或轧制的UNS N06030 UNS NO602、UNS NO620C UNS N08020 UNS NO8024 UNS NO8026 UNS NO8367 UNS NO10276 UNS N10665 UNS N10675和UNS R20033合金管法兰、锻制管件、阀门和零件标准规范ASTM B564-2004版镍合金锻件标准规范ASTM E6-2003版关于力学性能试验方法的标准术语ASTM E10-2001版金属材料布氏硬度的标准试验方法ASTM E18-2003版金属材料洛氏硬度和洛氏表面硬度的标准测试方法ASTM E29-2002版使用有效数字确定试验数据与规范符合性作法ASTM E8M-200版金属材料拉伸试验的标准测试方法ASTM E94-2004版放射性检查的标准指南ASTM E125-1963( R2003版铁铸件的磁粉检验用标准参考照片ASTM E164-2003版焊件的超声接触检验的标准操作规程ASTM E208-1995a(R2000版用导向落锤试验测定铁素体钢无塑性转变温度的标准试验方法ASTM E213-2004版金属管超声检验方法ASTM E273-2001版焊接公称管和管子制品超声波检验用标准实用规程ASTM E709-2001版磁粉试验的推荐试验方法ASTM F36-1999(R2003版测定垫片材料压缩率及回弹率的标准试验方法ASTM F37-2000版垫片材料密封性的标准试验方法ASTM F38-2000版垫片材料的蠕变松弛的标准试验方法ASTM F112-2000版包复垫片密封性能的标准试验方法ASTM F146-2004版垫片材料耐液体标准试验方法ASTM F1311-1990(R2001版大口径组装式碳钢法兰标准规范ASTM G1-2003版腐蚀试样的制备、清洁处理和评定用标准实施规范ASTM G36-73(R1981) 参考资料标准实用规程：在沸的氯化镁溶液中进行的应力腐蚀裂纹试验ASTM G46-1976(R1986) 参考资料标准实用规程：麻点腐蚀的检验和评定ASTMG48-2003版使用三氯化铁溶液做不锈钢及其合金的耐麻点腐蚀和抗裂口腐蚀性试验的标准方法ASTM标准中译本丛书(一) 碳钢、铸铁、不锈钢及合金钢材料标准规范(含18个标准)1.ASTM A105/A105M-2002版管道部件用碳钢锻件2.ASTM A126-1995(R2001)版阀门、法兰和管道附件用灰铁铸件3.ASTM A181/A181M-2001 版通用管路用碳钢锻件标准规范4.ASTM A193/A193M-2001 版? 高温用合金钢和不锈钢螺栓材料5.ASTM A194/A194M-2001a版高温、高压或高温高压螺栓用碳钢及合金钢螺母标准规范6.ASTM A216/A216M-2001a版高温用可熔焊碳钢铸件标准规范7.ASTM A217/A217M-2002版高温承压件用马氏体不锈钢和合金钢铸件标准规范8.ASTM A276-2002a版不锈钢棒材和型材9.ASTM A278/A278M-2001版高温不超过650° F (350C )的承压部件用灰铸铁件10.ASTM A320/A320M-2002版低温用合金钢栓接材料11.ASTM A350/A350M-2002版要求冲击韧性试验的管件用碳钢及低合金钢锻件标准规范12.ASTM A351/A351M-2000版承压件用奥氏体、奥氏体-铁素体(双相)钢铸件规范13.ASTM A352/A352M-1993(R1998)版低温承压件用铁素体和马氏体钢铸件标准规范14.ASTM A395/A395M-1999版高温用铁素体球墨铸铁承压铸件15.ASTM A439-1983(R1999)版奥氏体球墨铸铁件16.ASTM A536-1984(R1999)版球墨铸铁件17.ASTMA694/A694M-2000?版高温输送用管法兰、管件、阀门及零件用碳钢和合金钢锻件标准规范18.ASTM A965/A965M-2002版高温高压部件用奥氏体钢锻件ASTM标准中译本丛书(二) 法兰、管件、阀门及部件(含9个标准)1.ASTM A182/A182M-2002版高温用锻制或轧制合金钢法兰、锻制管件、阀门和部件2.ASTM A961-2002版管道用钢制法兰、锻制管件、阀门和零件的通用要求标准规范3.ASTMB462-2002版高温耐腐蚀用锻制或轧制的UNSNO6030 UNSNO6022 UNSNO6200 UNS NO8020 UNS NO8024 UNS NO8026 UNS NO8367 UNS NO10276 UNS N10665 UNS N10675和UNS R20033合金管法兰、锻制管件、阀门和零件标准规范4.ASTM F885-1984 ( R2002版公称管径为NPS 1/4〜2的青铜截止阀外形尺寸标准规范5.ASTM F992-1986(R2001)版阀门铭牌标准规范6.ASTM F993-1986(R2001)版阀门锁紧装置标准规范7.ASTM F1030-1986(R1998)版阀门操作装置的选择准则8.ASTM F1098-1987(R1998)版公称管径有NPS〜24的蝶阀外形尺寸标准规范9.ASTM F1565-2000版蒸汽用减压阀规范。

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EXTRUDED WIRE, ROD, BAR AND PROFILES Cross-Sectional Dimension Tolerances—Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Diameter or Distance Across Flats—Round Wire and Rod – Square,
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS Thickness, Width, Diameter—Tolerances—Extruded Rod and Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . .11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.22 Length—Tolerances—Extruded Rod and Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.23 Flatness (Flat Surfaces)—Tolerances—Extruded Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.24 Twist—Tolerances—Extruded Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.25 Straightness—Tolerances—Extruded Rod and Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.26 Angularity—Extruded Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.27 Squareness of Cut Ends—Extruded Rod and Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.28 Corner and Edge Radii—Tolerances—Extruded Bar—Electric Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1luminum Association Table Number*
CONVERSION UNITS Decimal Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .— Conversion of Degrees to Inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .—
Hexagonal and Octagonal Wire and Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3 Thickness or Width (Distance Across Flats)—Rectangular Wire and Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.4 Length—Wire, Rod, Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.5 Straightness—Rod, Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.6 Twist—Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.7 Flatness (Flat Surfaces)—Bar, Solid Profiles and Semihollow Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.8 Flatness (Flat Surfaces)—Hollow Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.9 Surface Roughness—Extruded Wire, Rod, Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.10 Contour (Curved Surfaces)—Extruded Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.11 Squareness of Cut Ends—Extruded Rod, Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.12 Corner and Fillet Radii—Extruded Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.13 Angularity—Extruded Bar and Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.14
• Extruded Wire, Rod, Bar and Profiles • Electrical Conductors • Extruded Pipe and Tube • Drawn Tube • Cold Finished Wire, Rod and Bar
Table of Contents
EXTRUDED PIPE AND TUBE Diameter—Round Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.2 Width and Depth—Square, Rectangular, Hexagonal and Octagonal Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.3 Wall Thickness—Round Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.4 Wall Thickness—Other-than-Round Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.5 Length—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.6 Twist—Other-than-Round Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.7 Straightness—Extruded Tube in Straight Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.8 Flatness (Flat Surfaces)—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.9 Squareness of Cut Ends—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.10 Corner and Fillet Radii—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.11 Angularity—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.12 Surface Roughness—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.13 Dents—Extruded Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.14 Outside Diameter Tolerances—Extruded Pipe and Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.49 Wall Thickness Tolerances—Extruded Pipe or Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.50 Weight Tolerances—Extruded Pipe or Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.51 Length Tolerances—Extruded Pipe or Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.52 Straightness Tolerances—Extruded Pipe or Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.53 Standard Welding Bevels—Extruded Pipe or Extruded and Drawn Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.54 Diameters, Wall Thicknesses, Weights—Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20,21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.55