汽柴油铜片腐蚀快速试验法

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汽油铜片腐蚀试验方案设计教案

四级，见下表
铜片腐蚀标准色板的分级[GB/T 5096]
级别（新磨光的铜片）
名称
说明①
a 淡橙色，几乎与新磨光的铜片一样
1
轻度变色
b 深橙色
a 紫红色
b 淡紫色
2
中度变色
c 带有淡紫蓝色或银色，或两种都有，并分别覆盖在紫红色上的多彩色
d 银色
e 黄铜色或金黄色
a 洋红色覆盖在黄铜色上的多彩色
3
深度变色
目
增强安全环保意识和责任感。
法
注意事项
标
重
点【重点】油品铜片腐蚀的概念、测定原理和方法，汽油等油品铜片腐蚀的测定。
难【难点】测定汽油等油品的铜片腐蚀试验。
点
【授课对象】二年级学生，已了解专业方向，有的学生学习上出现倦怠情绪，可能对石油产品
学分析兴趣不大；面临大量专业课程同时开课；专业基础薄弱，但实践意识强，学习态度倾向于
燃料油品在运输、贮运和使用过程中，都面临同金属材料接触的问题，尤其是发动机气
化和供油系统中的燃料油品与金属构件接触更为密切，故要求油品铜片腐蚀试验必须合
格。铜片腐蚀试验是油品质量控制的重要检测指标。
表部分油品腐蚀级别和试验条件及方法
油品名称
铜片腐蚀级别
试验条件
试验方法标准
车用汽油 (GB 17930) 喷气燃料（3 号） (GB 6537)
b 有红和绿显示的多彩色（孔雀绿），但不带灰色
a 透明的黑色、深灰色或仅带有孔雀绿的棕色
4
腐蚀
b 石墨黑色或无光泽的黑色
c 有光泽的黑色或乌黑发亮的黑色
①铜片腐蚀标准色板由表中说明的色板所组成。
通常用金属试片被待测油品腐蚀后的颜色变化或腐蚀迹象来判断腐蚀倾向。但有些

ASTM D130-12译文

ASTM D 130-12译文石油产品铜片腐蚀标准试验方法1 范围1.1本方法适用于测定航空汽油、喷气燃料、车用汽油、清洗溶剂油、煤油、柴油、馏分燃料油、润滑油、天然汽油或其他具有37.8℃雷德蒸气压不大于124干帕斯卡（18磅/平方英尺）的其他石油烃类产品对铜的腐蚀。

警告：某些石油产品，特别是天然汽油，其蒸气压比车用汽油或航空汽油的蒸气压更高。

因此，必须特别注意，一定不要把装有高蒸气压的天然汽油或其他产品的试验弹放在100℃浴中。

雷德蒸气压超过124干帕斯卡（18磅/平方英寸）的试样要采用D 1838试验法来测定1.2 本标准采用国际单位制SI单位。

括号内的数据仅为提供信息之用。

1.3本标准涉及某些有危险性的材料、操作和设备，但是无意对与此有关的所有安全问题都提出建议。

因此，用户在使用本标准之前应建立适当的安全和防护措施并确定有适用性的管理制度。

特别注意事项见1.1、6.1和附录A2。

2 参考文件2.1 ASTM标准ASTM D 396燃料油规格ASTM D 975柴油规格ASTM D 1655 航空喷气燃料规格ASTM D 1838 液化石油气铜片腐蚀测定法ASTM D 4057石油和石油产品的手工取样用标准实施规程ASTM D 4177石油和石油产品自动抽样的标准实施规程ASTM D 6300石油产品和润滑剂试验方法中使用的精确度和偏差数据测定的标准实施规程ASTM E 1 ASTM玻璃液体热力计规格2.2 ASTM标准附件ASTM铜片腐蚀标准色板3 术语3.1首字母缩略词3.1.1 CAMI：表明覆盖磨料制造者协会3.1.2 FEPA：欧共体生产者协会4方法概要4.1把一块已抛光好的铜片浸没在一定里的试样中，并按产品标准要求加热到指定的温度，保持一定的时间。

待试验周期结束时，取出铜片，经洗涤后与腐蚀标准色板进行比较，确定腐蚀级别。

5 意义和用途5.1原油中的大部分硫化物在精制的过程中被除去，但是，残留在油品中的某些硫化物会对各种金属产生腐蚀。

第6章加速腐蚀试验方法

第6章加速腐蚀试验方法加速腐蚀试验是一种通过模拟真实环境条件，强制加速材料腐蚀的方法。

它可以帮助工程师们更好地评估材料的耐久性和腐蚀性能，从而选择适合的材料和设计防腐措施。

本文将介绍几种常用的加速腐蚀试验方法。

1.盐雾试验盐雾试验是最常见的加速腐蚀试验方法之一、它通过在试验室中使用盐水制造模拟海洋环境，暴露材料于高浓度的盐雾中，以观察材料的腐蚀情况。

盐雾试验可以模拟海洋和海洋边缘地区的环境，对于海洋工程和海洋船舶等领域的材料腐蚀性能评估非常有价值。

2.蒸汽腐蚀试验蒸汽腐蚀试验也是一种常见的加速腐蚀试验方法。

它主要用于评估材料在高温高湿环境中的耐腐蚀性能。

蒸汽腐蚀试验将材料置于高温高湿条件下，使腐蚀介质中的酸性或碱性物质蒸汽包围材料，再根据试验要求进行一定的时间持续暴露。

这种试验方法可模拟许多高温高湿环境中的材料腐蚀情况，例如锅炉管道、汽轮机叶片等。

3.酸碱腐蚀试验酸碱腐蚀试验是在试验室中使用酸性或碱性溶液暴露材料，以评估其对酸性或碱性环境的耐腐蚀能力。

这种试验方法可用于不同领域的材料腐蚀性能评估，例如化工设备、酸碱容器等。

4.沉浸腐蚀试验沉浸腐蚀试验是将材料完全或部分浸入模拟腐蚀介质中的试验方法。

试验时，材料通常以不同的角度和位置暴露于腐蚀介质中，以模拟真实环境中的不同腐蚀场景。

这种试验方法可以更接近实际使用条件下材料的腐蚀情况，对于材料的腐蚀性能评估具有较高的准确性。

加速腐蚀试验方法的选择应考虑以下几个方面：1.试验目的和需求：确定试验的具体目标和评估的腐蚀环境，例如海洋环境、高温高湿环境等。

2.材料特性和使用环境：选择与实际使用环境相匹配的腐蚀试验方法，以获得准确的腐蚀性能评估结果。

3.明确试验条件：确定试验的温度、湿度、时间等试验条件，以确保试验结果具有可比性和可重复性。

4.综合考虑实际情况：根据实际情况和经验，综合选择适合的试验方法，或采用组合试验方法，以更全面地评估材料的腐蚀性能。

最后，加速腐蚀试验是一种常用的方法，但试验结果并不能完全代表材料在实际使用环境中的腐蚀情况。

石油产品铜片腐蚀性测试及综合实验设计

石油产品铜片腐蚀性测试及综合实验设计
1.实验目的：
通过测试石油产品对铜片的腐蚀性能，评估其对金属材料的损伤程度，并设计综合实验以验证不同条件下的腐蚀性能。

2.实验材料：
-不同种类的石油产品样品
-铜片
-实验设备和仪器：例如恒温恒湿箱、电子天平、显微镜等
3.实验步骤：
a.准备铜片样品：使用无尘纸擦拭铜片表面，确保干净无污染。

b.将不同种类的石油产品样品分别涂抹在铜片上，涂层均匀。

c.将涂有石油产品的铜片置于恒温恒湿箱中，设定一定的温度和湿度条件。

d.定期观察铜片表面的变化，记录腐蚀情况，可以使用显微镜观察细节。

e.根据实验需要，可以改变温度、湿度或使用不同浓度的石油产品来进行对比实验。

f.实验结束后，使用电子天平测量铜片的质量变化，评估腐蚀程度。

4.实验结果分析：
a.比较不同石油产品样品对铜片的腐蚀性能，分析其腐蚀程度和差异。

b.对于综合实验设计，可以探究不同温度、湿度、石油产品浓度对腐蚀性能的影响，分析相关规律。

5.实验结论：
根据实验结果，可以得出不同石油产品对铜片的腐蚀性能，以及其受温度、湿度等条件变化的影响。

这些结论有助于评估石油产品的腐蚀性能，并为相关行业提供参考和指导。

油品铜片腐蚀测试方法

油品铜片腐蚀测试方法
石油产品铜片腐蚀试验是目前工业润滑油最主要的腐蚀性测定法，科标能源实验室是专业的第三方检测机构，专注于油品检测，同样也是采用此方法测定油品的腐蚀性能。

检测标准方法
GB/T5096
ASTM D130
ISO2160
SH/T0195
试验方法概要是：
把一块已磨光好的铜片浸没在一定量的试样中，并按产品标准要求加热到指定的温度，保持一定的时间。

待试验周期结束时，取出铜片，在洗涤后与标准色板进行比较，确定腐蚀级别。

工业润滑油常用的试验条件为100℃（或120℃），3h。

1、试验铜片放入试管油样中，恒温50摄氏度+1，放置3hr+5min对照腐蚀标准色板。

分级（1a、1b、2a、2b、2c、2d、2e、3a、3b、3c、4a、4b）。

2.指标为在100℃+1,3h条件下将铜片置于被测溶液中，试验过程中铜片表面受待测式样的侵蚀程度，腐蚀程度共分四级；
1：轻度变色----------淡橙色，几乎与新麽的铜片一样；深橙色
2：中度变色----------紫红色；淡红色；带有淡紫色或银色，或两种都有，并分别覆盖在紫红色上的多彩色；银色；黄铜色或金黄色
3：深度变色-----------洋红色覆盖在黄铜色上的多彩色；有红和绿显示的多彩色（孔雀绿），但不带灰色
4：腐蚀---------------透明的黑色，深灰色或仅带有孔雀绿的棕色；石墨黑色或无光泽的黑色；有光泽的黑色或乌黑发亮的黑色。

车用柴油技术要求和试验方法

c可用目测法，即将试样注入100mL玻璃量筒中，在室温（20℃±5℃）下观察，应当透明，没有悬浮和沉降的水分及机械杂质。结果有争议时，按GB/T260或GB/T511测定。
d也可采用SH/T0806，结果有争议时，以SH/T0606方法为准。
e十六烷值指数的测定也可用GB/T11139。结果有争议时，促裁以GB/T386方法为准。
f 也可采用SH/T0604，结果有争议时，以GB/T1884方法为准。
g 不得人为加入。
车用柴油技术要求和试验方法
GB 19147—2009
项目
5
号
0
号
-10
号
-20
号
-35号
-50号
试验方法
氧化安定性
总不溶物/（mg/100mL)不大于
2.5
SH/T0175
硫a（质量分数）/%不大于
0.035
SH/T0689
10%蒸余物残炭b（质量分数）/%不大于
0.3
GB/T268
灰分（质量分数）/%不大于
2.5-8.0
1.8-7.0
GB/T265
凝点/℃不高于
5
0
-10
-20
-35
-50
GB/T510
冷滤点/℃不高于
8
4
-5
-14
-29
-44
SH/T0248
闪点(闭口)/℃不低于
55
50
45
GB/T261
着火性e（需满足下列要求之一）
十六烷值不小于
十六烷值指数不小于
49
46
46
46
45
43
GB/T386
a也可采用GB/T380、GB/T11140和GB/T17040进行测定，结果有争议时，以SH/T0689方法为准。

石油产品铜片腐蚀试验法(GB-T5096-1985)

实验步骤
• 把试管的内容物倒入150毫升高型烧杯中，倒时要让铜片轻轻地滑入，以避免碰破烧杯。用不锈钢镊子立即将铜片取出，浸入洗涤溶剂中，洗去试样。立即取出铜片，用定量滤纸吸干铜片上的洗涤溶剂。把铜片与腐蚀标准色板比较来检查变色或腐蚀迹象。比较时，把铜片和腐蚀标准色板对光线成45度角折射的方式拿持，进行观察。
腐蚀标准色板
• 本方法用的腐蚀标准色板是由全色加工复制而成的。它是在一块铝薄板上印刷四色加工而成，腐蚀标准色板是由代表失去光泽表面和腐蚀增加程度的典型试验铜片组成(见下表)。为了保护起见，这些腐蚀标准色板嵌在塑料板中。在每块标准色板的反面给出了腐蚀标准色板的使用说明。为了避免色板可能褪色，腐蚀标准色板应避光存放。试验用的腐蚀标准色板要用另一块在避光下仔细地保护的(新的)腐蚀标准色板与它进行比较来检查其褪色情况。在散射的日光(或与散射的日光相当的光线)下，对色板进行观察：先从上方直接看，然后再从45度角看。如果观察到有任何褪色的迹象，特别是在腐蚀标准色板的最左边的色板有这种迹象，则废弃这块色板。
GB-T 5096-1985 《石油产品铜片腐蚀试验法》
二0一0年十二月
适用范围
•
本方法适用于测定航空汽油、喷气燃料、车用汽油、天然汽油或具有雷德蒸气压不大于 124千帕斯卡(930毫米汞柱 ) 的其他烃类、溶剂油、煤油、柴油、馏分燃料油、润滑油和其他石油产品对铜的腐蚀性程度。 • 注意：某些石油产品，特别是天然汽油，其蒸气压比车用汽油或航空汽油的蒸气压更高。因此，必须特别注意，不要把装有高蒸气压的天然汽油或其他产品的试验弹放在 100℃浴中。雷德蒸气压超过 124千帕斯卡 (930毫米汞柱 ) 的试样要采用SY2083-85《液化石油气铜片腐蚀试验法》来测定其腐蚀性。

石油产品铜片腐蚀的试验方法

石油产品铜片腐蚀的试验方法为什么要测量石油产品中的铜片腐蚀呢？由于原油是含酸的，所以绝大多数从原油生产出来的产品都有肯定的酸性（腐蚀性），铜片腐蚀就是测量石油产品的腐蚀性；不同指标的用于不同级别的终端，例如：液化气中的腐蚀性，对钢材设备有微量的腐蚀性，对橡胶有溶化作用，灌装液化气终端都有塑料管，腐蚀性大，确定会产生不安全。

铜片腐蚀测定仪的试验方法：铜片腐蚀设备用于测定柴油、汽油、润滑油或其他石油产品对铜的腐蚀性程度,本方法涉及到易燃材料,操作前要注意试样的燃点、闪点,操作时要注意安全.石油产品铜片腐蚀的试验过程:1、取样：取30毫升的试样倒入试验试管中，试样尽量保存在干净、深色的玻璃瓶内，试管要干燥、清洁。

2、不同的试样采纳不同的试验步骤：A、润滑油、溶剂油、煤油:量取30毫升*清亮、无悬浮水或内含水的试样倒入清洁、干燥并带有试管夹的试管中，将zui后磨光、干净的铜片放入该试管的试样中，把带有试管夹的试管放到已维持在1001℃的浴中，在浴中放置35小时后取出试管，检查铜片。

B、航空汽油、喷气燃料：量取30毫升*清亮、无悬浮水或内含水的试样倒入清洁、干燥的试管中，把该试管当心的滑入试验弹中，把弹盖旋紧，把试验弹*放入已维持在1001℃的浴中，在浴中放置25小时后取出试验弹，用自来水冲几分钟,打开试验弹，取出试管，检查铜片。

C、天然汽油:量取30毫升*清亮、无悬浮水或内含水的试样倒入清洁、干燥的试管中,把该试管当心的滑入试验弹中,把弹盖旋紧,把试验弹*放入已维持在401℃的浴中,在浴中放置25小时后取出试验弹,用自来水冲几分钟,打开试验弹,取出试管,检查铜片D、柴油、燃料油、车用汽油:量取30毫升*清亮、无悬浮水或内含水的试样倒入清洁、干燥并带有试管夹的试管中,将zui后磨光、干净的铜片放入该试管的试样中,把带有试管夹的试管放到已维持在501℃的浴中,在浴中放置35小时后取出试管,检查铜片。

GBT5096 铜片腐蚀实验法

可以判定油品中是否含有活性硫化物等杂质，可以预知燃料在储存、运输和使用过程中，对金属产生腐蚀的可能性。
概况实验准备
试验步骤
结果评定
试验总结
“ GB17930-2016 车用汽油（Ⅵ）
铜片腐蚀（50℃，3h）
不大于1
GB19147-2016 车用柴油（Ⅵ）
铜片腐蚀（50℃，3h） GB252-2015 普通柴油
论论文概文绪况绪论论研研究究实背验背景设景备研研究究方方法试法验研步研究骤究结结果果结问问果题题评讨讨定论论论论文文试总总验结结总结
2.6铜片准备
2.6.2铜片磨光
1、表面磨光先用粗砂出去上次实验所残留的瑕疵和蚀污。然后用P220（65um）砂纸处理，除去打磨痕迹，用滤纸擦去铜片表面的金属屑，将铜片浸泡在洗涤溶剂中随后取出做最后磨光或贮存于洗涤剂中备用。
2、方法概要把一块已磨光好的铜片浸没在一定体积的试样中，根据产品
的类别加热到规定定的温度，并保持一定的时间。待加热周期结束时，取出铜片，经洗涤后，将其与铜片腐蚀标准色板进行比较，确定腐蚀级别。车用汽油、柴油常用实验条件为50℃，3h 工业润滑油常用的试验条件为100℃(或120℃)，3h。
论文概绪况论研实验究准背备景研试究备方样法制研试究验结步果骤问结题果讨计论算与论评文定总结试验总结
2.5 样品准备
2.5.1取样按照GB/T4756标准方法进行取样，样品应贮存于深色样品瓶，镀锡容器
会影响样品的腐蚀性，因此不能使用镀锡容器盛装样品。挥发性样品建议充满至容器容量70~80%即可，取样要小心，要避免将样
品暴露在阳光下。 2.5.2 样品准备
取回的样品应尽快进行实验如果观察到样品有悬浮水（浑浊），要先用中速定量滤纸过滤干燥足够实验的样品。过滤操作要避光，最好在暗室中进行。

石油产品铜片腐蚀测定法

GB/T 5096-1985
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
三、仪器、材料、试剂准备——试剂与材料
n 夹具：供磨片时夹住铜片而不损坏边缘用。
GB/T 5096-1985
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
三、仪器、材料、试剂准备——试剂与材料
n 温度计：0~50℃（全浸），最小分度值1℃或小于 1℃。
GB/T 5096-1985
50
快速法 (Q/SY1438-2011)
90
试验时间（分钟）
180
30
GB/T 5096-1985
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
主要内容
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
GB/T 5096-1985
方法概要
测定意义仪器、材料、试剂准备
实验结果的表示及判断
结果报告国家标准与快速法的比较
注意事项
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
GB/T 5096-1985
方法概要
测定意义仪器、材料、试剂准备
实验结果的表示及判断
结果报告国家标准与快速法的比较
注意事项
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
五、结果的表示及判断（附表）
分级 1
2
名称轻度变色
中度变色
说明
a 淡橙色，几乎与新磨光的铜片一样 b 深橙色
a 紫红色 b 淡紫色 c 带有淡紫蓝色，或银色，或两种都有，并分别覆盖在紫红色上的多彩色 d 银色 e 黄铜色或金黄色
中国石油内蒙古销售公司
四、实验——步骤
n 把被测油样，倒入清洁、干燥的试管中30mL刻线处。（铜片腐蚀按国标需做平行试验，需两个试样）
GB/T 5096-1985

铜片腐蚀实验报告

铜片腐蚀实验报告铜片腐蚀实验报告引言：腐蚀是一种常见的物质变化现象，它在我们的日常生活中随处可见。

而铜片腐蚀实验则是一种常用的实验方法，用来研究铜在不同环境条件下的腐蚀特性。

本文将通过对铜片腐蚀实验的详细描述和分析，探讨腐蚀的原理和影响因素。

实验方法：本次实验使用的是普通铜片，将其分别放置在三个不同溶液中进行腐蚀实验。

第一个溶液是酸性溶液，由稀硫酸和水组成；第二个溶液是碱性溶液，由氢氧化钠和水组成；第三个溶液是中性溶液，由纯净水组成。

每个溶液中的铜片都放置在同样的条件下，如温度、湿度等。

实验结果：经过一段时间的观察，我们发现铜片在不同溶液中的腐蚀情况有所不同。

在酸性溶液中，铜片表面出现了明显的腐蚀痕迹，呈现出深棕色；在碱性溶液中，铜片表面也有一定的腐蚀现象，但相对较轻，呈现出浅棕色；而在中性溶液中，铜片表面几乎没有腐蚀迹象。

讨论：根据实验结果，我们可以得出结论：铜片在不同溶液中的腐蚀程度与溶液的酸碱性质有关。

酸性溶液中的氢离子（H+）能够与铜离子（Cu2+）发生反应，形成铜离子的溶液，从而导致铜片的腐蚀。

而碱性溶液中的氢氧根离子（OH-）能够与铜离子反应生成铜氢氧化物，起到一定的保护作用，减缓了铜片的腐蚀速度。

中性溶液中，由于溶液中没有足够的氢离子或氢氧根离子，所以铜片几乎不会发生腐蚀。

除了溶液的酸碱性质外，实验中还有其他因素可能会对铜片的腐蚀产生影响。

例如温度、湿度、氧气浓度等。

温度越高，腐蚀反应的速率越快，因为反应速率与温度呈正相关关系。

湿度越大，铜片表面的水分越多，也有利于腐蚀的发生。

氧气浓度也是一个重要因素，铜在氧气的存在下更容易被氧化，从而导致腐蚀。

结论：通过对铜片腐蚀实验的观察和分析，我们得出了以下结论：铜片的腐蚀程度与溶液的酸碱性质密切相关，酸性溶液中腐蚀最严重，碱性溶液中腐蚀较轻，而中性溶液中几乎没有腐蚀。

此外，温度、湿度和氧气浓度等因素也会对铜片的腐蚀产生影响。

腐蚀是一种普遍存在的现象，对于保护金属材料的安全和延长其使用寿命至关重要。

一种石油产品中铜片平均腐蚀速率的定量测定方法[发明专利]

专利名称：一种石油产品中铜片平均腐蚀速率的定量测定方法专利类型：发明专利
发明人：李俊华,李俊莉,张颖,黄婷,程雯,任海晶
申请号：CN201810321738.6
申请日：20180411
公开号：CN108680519A
公开日：
20181019
专利内容由知识产权出版社提供
摘要：本发明公开了一种石油产品中铜片平均腐蚀速率的定量测定方法，该方法由样品制备、样品预处理、火焰原子吸收法测铜含量、平均腐蚀速率计算四部分组成；为强化铜片腐蚀，可在石油产品中添加甲酸、乙酸、异丙醇、甲酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、甲醇、碳酸二甲酯中三种以上成分。

本发明方法定量化程度高，试剂用量少，消解速度快，避免了人为因素对测试结果的影响，准确地实现对铜离子含量的测定，从而更易于计算铜片的平均腐蚀速率，同时测定结果的精密度和回收率均能够满足微量组分分析要求。

申请人：陕西省石油化工研究设计院
地址：710054 陕西省西安市西延路61号
国籍：CN
代理机构：西安永生专利代理有限责任公司
代理人：高雪霞
更多信息请下载全文后查看。

ASTM D130-2004石油产品铜片腐蚀测定

Designation:D130–04e1Designation:154/93An American National StandardFederation of Societies for Paint Technology Standard No.Dt-28-65British Standard4351Standard Test Method forCorrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test1This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation D130;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1N OTE—Paragraphs11.1.2and11.1.3were editorially corrected to match Table1and ADJD0130.1.Scope1.1This test method covers the determination of the corro-siveness to copper of aviation gasoline,aviation turbine fuel, automotive gasoline,cleaners(Stoddard)solvent,kerosine, diesel fuel,distillate fuel oil,lubricating oil,and natural gasoline or other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure no greater than124kPa(18psi)at37.8°C.(Warning—Some products,particularly natural gasoline,may have a much higher vapor pressure than would normally be characteristic of automotive or aviation gasolines.For this reason,exercise extreme caution to ensure that the pressure vessel used in this test method and containing natural gasoline or other products of high vapor pressure is not placed in the100°C(212°F)bath. Samples having vapor pressures in excess of124kPa(18psi) may develop sufficient pressures at100°C to rupture the pressure vessel.For any sample having a vapor pressure above 124kPa(18psi),use Test Method D1838.)1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.For speciﬁc warning statements,see1.1,6.1,and Annex A2.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:2D396Speciﬁcation for Fuel OilsD975Speciﬁcation for Diesel Fuel OilsD1655Speciﬁcation for Aviation Turbine FuelsD1838Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Lique-ﬁed Petroleum(LP)GasesD4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsE1Speciﬁcation for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers 2.2ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard33.Summary of Test Method3.1A polished copper strip is immersed in a speciﬁc volume of the sample being tested and heated under conditions of temperature and time that are speciﬁc to the class of material being tested.At the end of the heating period,the copper strip is removed,washed and the color and tarnish level assessed against the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.4.Signiﬁcance and Use4.1Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds,most of which are removed during reﬁning.However,of the sulfur compounds remaining in the petroleum product,some can have a corroding action on various metals and this corrosivity is not1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.05on Properties of Fuels,Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved May1,2004.Published June2004.Originally approved in1922,replacing former st previous edition approved in2000as D130–94(2000)e1.In the IP,this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee.It is issued under theﬁxed designation IP154.Theﬁnal number indicates the year of last revision.This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters.Order Adjunct No. s of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained from Energy Institute,61New Cavendish St.,London,WIG7AR,U.K.Two master standards are held by the IP for reference.Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.necessarily related directly to the total sulfur content.Theeffect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur compounds present.The copper strip corrosion test is designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleum product.5.Apparatus5.1Copper Strip Corrosion Pressure Vessel,constructed from stainless steel according to the dimensions as given in Fig.1.The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a test pressure of700kPa gage(100psi).Alternative designs for the vessel’s cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used provided that the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as those shown in Fig.1.The internal dimensions of the pressure vessel are such that a nominal25-mm by150-mm test tube can be placed inside the pressure vessel.5.2Test Tubes,of borosilicate glass of nominal25-mm by 150-mm dimensions.The internal dimensions shall be checked as acceptable by use of a copper strip(see6.3).When30mL of liquid is added to the test tube with the copper strip in it,a minimum of5-mm of liquid shall be above the top surface of the strip.5.3Test Baths:5.3.1General—All test baths shall be able to maintain the test temperature to within61°C(2°F)of the required test temperature.5.3.2Liquid Bath Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)—The bath shall be deep enough to submerge one or more pressure vessels(see5.1)completely during the test.As the bath medium,use water or any liquid that can be satisfac-torily controlled to the sample test temperature.The bath shall beﬁtted with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel ina vertical position when submerged.5.3.3Bath(s)Used for Test Tubes—Liquid baths shall be ﬁtted with suitable supports to hold each test tube(see5.2)in a vertical position to a depth of about100-mm(4-in.)as measured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface. As a liquid bath medium,water and oil have been found satisfactory and controllable at the speciﬁed test temperature. Solid block baths shall meet the same temperature control and immersion conditions and shall be checked for temperature measurement(heat transfer)for each product class by running tests on tubesﬁlled with30mL of product plus a metal strip of the nominal dimensions given,plus a temperature sensor. 5.4Temperature Sensing Device(TSD),capable of monitor-ing the desired test temperature in the bath to within an accuracy of61°C or better.The ASTM12C(12F)(see Speciﬁcation E1)or IP64C(64F)total immersion thermom-eters have been found suitable to use in the test.If used,no more than10-mm(0.4-in.)of the mercury should extend above the surface of the bath at the test temperature.5.5Polishing Vise,for holding the copper stripﬁrmly without marring the edges while polishing.Any convenient type of holder(see Appendix X1)may be used provided that the strip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip being polished is supported above the surface of the holder.5.6Viewing Test Tubes,ﬂat glass test tubes,are convenient for protecting corroded copper strips for close inspection or storage(see Appendix X1for the description of aﬂat-glass Key:1Lifting eye2Wide groove for pressure relief3Knurled cap4Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent5Camber inside cap to protect“O”ring when closing pressure vessel6Synthetic rubber“O”ring without free sulfur7Seamless tubeMaterial:stainless steelWelded constructionMaximum test gage pressure:700kPaN OTE1—Dimensions in millimetres.N OTE2—All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.FIG.1Pressure Vessel for Copper Strip CorrosionTestviewing tube).The viewing test tube shall be of such dimen-sions as to allow the introduction of a copper strip(see6.3)and made of glass free of striae or similar defects.5.7Forceps,with either stainless steel or polytetraﬂuoroet-hylene(PTFE)tips,for use in handling the copper strips,have been found suitable to use.5.8Timing Device,electronic or manual,capable of accu-rately measuring the test duration within the allowable toler-ance.6.Reagents and Materials6.1Wash Solvent—Any volatile,less than5mg/kg sulfur hydrocarbon solvent may be used provided that it shows no tarnish at all when tested for3h at50°C(122°F).2,2,4-trimethylpentane(isooctane)of minimum99.75%purity is the referee solvent and should be used in case of dispute. (Warning—extremelyﬂammable,see A2.1.)6.2Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials,00grade or ﬁner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of varying degrees ofﬁneness including65-µm(240-grit)grade;also a supply of105-µm(150-mesh)size silicon carbide grain or powder and absorbent cotton(cotton wool).A commercial grade is suitable,but pharmaceutical grade is most commonly available and is acceptable.6.3Copper Strips Speciﬁcation—Use strips approximately 12.5-mm(1⁄2-in.)wide,1.5to3.0-mm(1⁄16to1⁄8-in.)thick,cut approximately75-mm(3-in.)long from smooth-surfaced, hard-temper,cold-ﬁnished copper of99.9+%purity;electrical bus bar stock is generally suitable(see Annex A1).The strips may be used repeatedly but should be discarded when the strip’s surface shows pitting or deep scratches that cannot be removed by the speciﬁed polishing procedure,or when the surface becomes deformed.6.4Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves,for use in protecting the copper strip from coming in contact with the individual duringﬁnal polishing.7.ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards37.1These consist of reproductions in color of typical test strips representing increasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion, the reproductions being encased for protection in plastic and made up in the form of a plaque.7.1.1Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility of fading.Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques, one of which has been carefully protected from light(for example,new plaque).Observe both sets in diffused daylight (or equivalent)ﬁrst from a point directly above and then from an angle of45°.If any evidence of fading is observed, particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque,it is suggested that the one that is the more faded with respect to the other be discarded.7.1.1.1Alternatively,place a suitably sized opaque strip(for example,20-mm(3⁄4-in.)black electrical tape)across the top of the colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased.At intervals remove the opaque strip and observe.When there is any evidence of fading of the exposed portion,the standards shall be replaced.7.1.1.2These plaques are full-color reproductions of typical strips.They have been printed on aluminum sheets by a4-color process and are encased in plastic for protection.Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of each plaque.7.1.2If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessive scratching,it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.8.Samples8.1In accordance with D4057or D4177,or both,it is particularly important that all types of fuel samples,that pass a low-tarnish strip classiﬁcation,be collected in clean,dark glass bottles,plastic bottles,or other suitable containers that will not affect the corrosive properties of the fuel.Avoid the use of tin plate containers for collection of samples,since experience has shown that they may contribute to the corrosiveness of the sample.8.2Fill the containers as completely as possible and close them immediately after taking the sample.Adequate headspace in the container is necessary to provide room for possible thermal expansion during transport.It is recommended that volatile samples beﬁlled between70and80%of the contain-er’s capacity.Take care during sampling to protect the samples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused daylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt in the laboratory and immediately after opening the container.8.3If suspended water(that is,haze)is observed in the sample,dry byﬁltering a sufficient volume of sample through a medium rapid qualitativeﬁlter,into the prescribed clean,dry test tube.Carry out this operation in a darkened room or undera light-protected shield.8.3.1Contact of the copper strip with water before,during or after completion of the test run will cause staining,making it difficult to evaluate the strips.9.Preparation of Test Strips9.1Surface Preparation—Remove all surface blemishes from all six sides of the strip obtained from a previous analysis (see Note1).One way to accomplish this is to use00grade or ﬁner steel wool or silicon carbide paper or cloth of such degrees ofﬁneness as are needed to accomplish the desired results efficiently.Finish with65-µm(240-grit)silicon carbide paper or cloth,removing all marks that may have been made by other grades of paper used previously.Ensure the prepared copper strip is protected from oxidation prior toﬁnal prepara-tion,such as by immersing the strip in wash solvent from which it can be withdrawn immediately forﬁnal preparation (polishing)or in which it can be stored for future use.N OTE1—Onlyﬁnal preparation(9.2)is necessary for commercially purchased pre-polished strips.9.1.1As a practical manual procedure for surface prepara-tion,place a sheet of silicon carbide paper or cloth on aﬂat surface and moisten it with kerosine or wash solvent.Rub the strip against the silicon carbide paper or cloth with a circular motion,protecting the strip from contact with theﬁngers by using ashlessﬁlter paper or wearing disposable gloves.Alter-natively,the surface of the strip can be prepared by use of motor-driven machines using appropriate grades of dry paper orcloth.9.2Final Preparation—For strips prepared in9.1or new strips being used for theﬁrst time,remove a strip from its protected location,such as by removing it from the wash solvent.To prevent possible surface contamination duringﬁnal preparation,do not allowﬁngers to come in direct contact with the copper strips,such as by wearing disposable gloves or holding the strips in theﬁngers protected with ashlessﬁlter paper.Polishﬁrst the ends and then the sides with the105-mm (150-mesh)silicon carbide grains picked up with a pad of cotton(cotton wool)moistened with wash solvent.Wipe vigorously with fresh pads of cotton(cotton wool)and subse-quently handle without touching the surface of the strip with theﬁngers.Forceps have been found suitable to use.Clamp in a vise and polish the main surfaces with silicon-carbide grains on absorbent cotton.Do not polish in a circular motion.Rub in the direction of the long axis of the strip,carrying the stroke beyond the end of the strip before reversing the direction. Clean all metal dust from the strip by rubbing vigorously with clean pads of absorbent cotton until a fresh pad remains unsoiled.When the strip is clean,immediately immerse it in the prepared sample.9.2.1It is important to polish the whole surface of the strip uniformly to obtain a uniformly stained strip.If the edges show wear(surface elliptical),they will likely show more corrosion than the center.The use of a vise(see Appendix X1)will facilitate uniform polishing.9.2.2It is important to follow the order of preparation with the correctly sized silicon carbide material as described in9.1 and9.2.Theﬁnal preparation is with105-µm silicon carbide powder.This is a larger grain size than the65-µm paper used in the surface preparation stage.The reason for this use of larger silicon carbide grains in theﬁnal preparation is to produce asperities(controlled roughness)on the surface of the copper,which act as sites for the initiation of corrosion reactions.10.Procedure10.1General—There are a variety of test conditions,which are broadly speciﬁc to given classes of product but,within certain classes,more than one set of test conditions of time or temperature,or both,may apply.In general,aviation gasoline shall be tested in a pressure vessel at100°C and other high vapor pressure fuels,like natural gasoline,at40°C.Other liquid products shall be tested in a test tube at50°C,100°C or even higher temperatures.The conditions of time and tempera-ture given below are commonly used and are quoted in the ASTM speciﬁcations for these products where such speciﬁca-tions exist.They are,however,guides only.Other conditions can also be used when required by speciﬁcations or by agreement between parties.The test conditions of time and temperature shall be recorded as part of the result(see12.1).10.2Pressure Vessel Procedure—For use with aviation gasoline and higher vapor pressure samples.10.2.1For Aviation Gasoline and Aviation Turbine Fuel—Place30mL of sample,completely clear and free of any suspended or entrained water(see8.3)into a chemically clean and dry25-mm by150-mm test tube.Within1min after completing theﬁnal preparation(polishing),slide the copper strip into the sample tube.Place the sample tube into the pressure vessel(Fig.1)and screw the lid on tightly.If more than one sample is to be analyzed at essentially the same time, it is permissible to prepare each pressure vessel in the batch before completely immersing each pressure vessel in the liquid bath at10061°C(21262°F),provided the elapsed time between theﬁrst and last samples is kept to a minimum.After 2h65min in the bath,withdraw the pressure vessel and immerse for a few minutes in cool water(tap water).Open the pressure vessel,withdraw the test tube and examine the strip as described in10.4.10.2.2For Natural Gasoline—Carry out the test exactly as described in10.2.1but at40°C(104°F)and for3h65min.10.3Test Tube Procedure—For use with most liquid prod-ucts.10.3.1For Diesel Fuel,Fuel Oil,Automotive Gasoline—Place30mL of sample,completely clear and free of any suspended or entrained water(see8.3),into a chemically clean, dry25-mm by150-mm test tube and,within1min after completing theﬁnal preparation(polishing),slide the copper strip into the sample tube.If more than one sample is to be analyzed at essentially the same time,it is permissible to prepare each sample in the batch by stoppering each tube with a vented stopper,such as a vented cork before placing each tube in a bath maintained at5061°C(12262°F),provided the elapsed time between theﬁrst and last sample prepared is kept to a minimum.Protect the contents of the test tube from strong light during the test.After3h65min in the bath, examine the strip as described in10.4.For tests on fuel oil and diesel fuel,to speciﬁcations other than Speciﬁcations D396 and D975,a temperature of100°C(212°F)for3h is often used as an alternative set of conditions.Some automotive gasolines with vapor pressure above80kPa at37.8°C have exhibited evaporation losses in excess of10%of their volume. If such evaporation losses are apparent,it is recommended that the Pressure Vessel Procedure(see10.2)be used.10.3.2For Cleaners(Stoddard)Solvent and Kerosine—Carry out the test exactly as described in10.3.1but at1006 1°C(21262°F).10.3.3For Lubricating Oil—Carry out the test exactly as described in10.3.1,but the tests can be carried out for varying times and at elevated temperatures other than100°C(212°F). For the sake of uniformity,it is suggested that even increments of5°C,beginning with150°C,be used.10.4Strip Examination:10.4.1Empty the contents of the test tube into a suitably sized receiver.If a receiver made out of glass is used,such as a150-mL tall-form beaker,let the strip slide in gently so as to avoid breaking the glass.Immediately withdraw the strip with forceps and immerse in wash solvent.Withdraw the strip at once,dry and inspect for evidence of tarnishing or corrosion by comparison with the Copper Strip Corrosion Standards.The step of drying the strip may be done by blotting withﬁlter paper,air drying,or by other suitable means.Hold both the test strip and the standard strip plaque in such a manner that light reﬂected from them at an angle of approximately45°will be observed.10.4.2In handling the test strip during the inspection and comparison,the danger of marking or staining can beavoidedif it is inserted in a ﬂat glass tube (see Appendix X1),which can be stoppered with absorbent cotton.11.Interpretation of Results11.1Interpret the corrosiveness of the sample in accordance with one of the classiﬁcations of the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard as listed in Table 1.11.1.1When a strip is in the obvious transition state between that indicated by any two adjacent standard strips,rate the sample at the more tarnished classiﬁcation.Should a strip appear to have a darker orange color than Standard Strip 1b,consider the observed strip as still belonging in Classiﬁcation 1;however,if any evidence of red color is observed,the observed strip belongs in Classiﬁcation 2.11.1.2A 2a strip can be mistaken for a 3a strip if the brassy underlay of the 3a strip is completely masked by a magenta overtone.To distinguish,immerse the strip in wash solvent;a 2a strip will appear as a 1b strip,while a 3a strip will not change.11.1.3To distinguish a 2c strip from a 3b strip,place a test strip in a 25-mm by 150-mm test tube and bring to a temperature of 340630°C in 4to 6min with the tube lying on a hot plate.Adjust to temperature by observing a high distillation thermometer inserted into a second test tube.Thus,a 2c strip will assume the color of a 2d strip and successive stages of tarnish;a 3b strip will take on the appearance of a 4a strip.11.1.4Repeat the test if blemishes due to ﬁngerprints are observed,or due to spots from any particles or water droplets that may have touched the test strip during the digestion period.11.1.5Repeat the test also if the sharp edges along the ﬂat faces of the strip appear to be in a classiﬁcation higher than the greater portion of the strip;in this case,it is likely that the edges were burnished during preparation (polishing).12.Report12.1Report the corrosiveness in accordance with one of the classiﬁcations listed in Table 1.State the duration of the test and the test temperature in the following format:Corrosion copper strip ~X h /Y °C !,Classiﬁcation Zpwhere:X =test duration,in hours,Y =test temperature,°C,Z =classiﬁcation category (that is,1,2,3,or 4),and p =classiﬁcation description for the corresponding Z (forexample,a,b).13.Precision and Bias13.1In the case of pass/fail data,no generally accepted method for determining precision or bias is currently available.14.Keywords14.1automotive gasoline;aviation gasoline;aviation tur-bine fuel;copper corrosion;copper strip;corrosiveness to copper;natural gasolineTABLE 1Copper Strip ClassiﬁcationsClassiﬁcation Designation Description AFreshly polished strip...B1slight tarnisha.Light orange,almost the same as freshly polished stripb.Dark orange 2moderate tarnish a.Claret red ... vender... c.Multicolored with lavender blue or silver,or both,overlaid on claret red ... d.Silvery...e.Brassy or gold3dark tarnish a.Magenta overcast on brassy strip... b.Multicolored with red and green showing (peacock),but no gray4corrosion a.Transparent black,dark gray or brown with peacock green barely showing ... b.Graphite or lusterless black ...c.Glossy or jet blackAThe ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard is a colored reproduction of strips characteristic of these descriptions.BThe freshly polished strip is included in the series only as an indication of the appearance of a properly polished strip before a test run;it is not possible to duplicate this appearance after a test even with a completely noncorrosivesample.ANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1.COPPER QUALITYA1.1Copper QualityA1.1.1Hard-temper,cold-ﬁnished type-(ETP)electrolytic tough pitch copper.4A2.WARNING STATEMENTSA2.1IsooctaneHarmful if inhaled.Vapors may cause ﬂash ﬁre.Keep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion-proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.2Aviation Turbine Fuel (Jet A or A-1,seeSpeciﬁcation D 1655)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂames.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin.A2.3Gasoline (Containing Lead)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion-proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.4Gasoline (White or Unleaded)Keep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid build-up of vapors and eliminate all sources of ignition,especially nonexplosion-proof electrical apparatus and heaters.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.A2.5KerosineKeep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid breathing vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin.A2.6Stoddard SolventKeep away from heat,sparks,and open ﬂame.Keep container closed.Use with adequate ventilation.Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor or spray mist.Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.4Conforming to Copper Development Association (CDA),United States of America No.110,or to British Standard (BS)EN 1652or BS 4608,which have properquality.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1.OPTIONAL USEFUL EQUIPMENTX1.1Viewing TubeX1.1.1A usefulﬂat glass test tube for holding tarnishedcopper strips for inspection or for storage for later inspection isillustrated and dimensioned in Fig.X1.1.X1.2Strip ViseX1.2.1A useful and convenient vise for holding up to fourcopper strips duringﬁnal polishing is illustrated and dimen-sioned in Fig.X1.2.N OTE1—Dimensions in millimetres.N OTE2—The dimensions are the minimum dimensions that shall allowthe introduction of a copper strip.N OTE3—The tube shall be free of striae or similar defects.FIG.X1.1Flat Glass Viewing Test TubeKey:1Material:Plastic2Material:Brass3Wing nut4Ø5-mm metric thread or equivalentN OTE—Dimensions in millimetres.FIG.X1.2Multistrip ViseASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyﬁve years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website ().。

工业分析技术专业《柴油腐蚀性测定电子教案》

柴油腐蚀性指标测定质量要求轻柴油和车用柴油要求硫含量要低，以保证不腐蚀发动机及减少大气污染。

评定指标的分析检验评价轻柴油和车用柴油腐蚀性的指标有硫含量、酸度和铜片腐蚀。

〔1〕硫含量柴油硫含量是指存在于油品中的硫及其衍生物的含量。

①测定意义柴油中的硫含量一般比汽油高，因此对柴油机寿命的影响更大。

轻柴油和车用柴油分别要求硫含量不大于％、%。

②分析检验方法同车用无铅汽油一样，按GB/T380－1977〔1988〕?石油产品硫含量测定法〔燃灯法〕?标准方法进行。

〔2〕铜片腐蚀铜片腐蚀的测定意义、指标要求及测定方法与车用无铅汽油相同。

〔3〕酸度滴定100mL试样到终点所需氢氧化钾的质量，称为酸度，用mgKOH/100mL表示。

①测定意义酸度是用来衡量油品中酸性物质含量的指标。

主要指环烷酸、脂肪酸、酚类等有机酸和酸性硫化物等。

轻柴油要求酸度不大于7mgKOH/100mL。

②分析检验方法轻柴油酸度的测定按GB/T 258－1977〔1988〕?汽油、煤油、柴油酸度测定法?进行。

测定时，先利用沸腾的乙醇溶液抽提试样中的酸性物质，再用浓度的氢氧化钾-乙醇溶液进行滴定，通过酸碱指示剂颜色的改变来确定终点，由滴定消耗的氢氧化钾-乙醇溶液体积计算试样的酸度。

其化学反响如下RCOOHKOH ——→RCOOKH 2O这是由强碱滴定弱酸的中和反响，通常采用酚酞和碱性蓝6B 作指示剂。

因为用强碱滴定弱酸生成的盐，醇解显弱碱性，在接近化学计量点时，参加最后一滴强碱溶液后，溶液的1100V VT X56.1gol ×c式中：X ——试样的酸度，mgKOH/100mL ；V ——滴定时所消耗氢氧化钾乙醇溶液的体积，mL ；T ——氢氧化钾乙醇溶液的滴定度，mgKOH/mL ；V 1——试样的体积，mL ；56.1 g/mol ——氢氧化钾的摩尔质量；c ——氢氧化钾-乙醇溶液的物质的量浓度，mol/L 。

测定考前须知影响酸度测定的主要因素有指示剂用量、煮沸条件的控制和滴定终点确实定。

喷气燃料铜片腐蚀快速试验方法

喷气燃料铜片腐蚀快速试验方法
刘君玉;王立光;管亮;伊茜
【期刊名称】《后勤工程学院学报》
【年(卷),期】2016(032)005
【摘要】针对采用GB/T 5096—1985《石油产品铜片腐蚀法》测定喷气燃料铜片腐蚀性（100℃，2 h）试验时间长的问题，采用铜箔代替铜片，考察了不同油样
在铜箔厚度、腐蚀温度、腐蚀时间等试验条件下喷气燃料铜片腐蚀的快速测定方法。

结果表明：在与GB/T 5096—1985相同试验条件下，铜箔的腐蚀速度比铜片快2倍多，且两者所测结果基本一致。

【总页数】5页(P60-63,70)
【作者】刘君玉;王立光;管亮;伊茜
【作者单位】后勤工程学院军事油料应用与管理工程系，重庆401311;后勤工程
学院军事油料应用与管理工程系，重庆401311;后勤工程学院军事油料应用与管
理工程系，重庆401311;后勤工程学院军事油料应用与管理工程系，重庆401311【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TE626
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