八九直接引语变间接引语语法讲解

直接引语变间接引语
一、人称
人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。

“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。

从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如：
She said. “My brother wants to go with me.”
→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。

如：
He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?"
→He asked Kate how her sister was then.
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如：
Mr. Smith said，“Jack is a good worker.”
→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.
二、时态
直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。

其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。

如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。

1. She said. “We hope so.”→She said they hoped so.
(一般现在à一般过去)
2. She said,“He will go to see his friend。

”
→She said he would go to see his friend. (一般将来→过去将来)
但要注意在以下几种情况下。

在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

如：
“The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher
told me.
→The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the
earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。

如：
Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。

如：
Xiao Wang said，“I was born on April 20, 1980.”
→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。

表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。

如：
He said, “I get up at six every morning.”
→He said he gets up at six every morning.
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better，used to)和已经是
过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。

如：
Peter said，“You had better come here today.”
→Peter said I had better go there that day.
三、其它
直接引语变间接引语，具有指代性的词也需要变化，一些具体变化如下：
指示代词this ---that these --- those
表示时间的词now --- then today --- that day
this week(month, etc.) --- that week (month, etc.)
yesterday --- the day before
last week(month) --- the week(month) before
three days(a year)ago --- three days(a year)before
tomorrow --- the next (following ) day
next week(month)---the next(following)week(month)
表地点的词here --- there
动词bring --- take come --- go
四、句型：
①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如：
She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语
从句.如：
He said, “Can you swim, John?”→He asked John if he could swim.
“You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?”my mother asked.
→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”
→He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”
→She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。

如：
“Don’t make any noise,”she said to the children.
→She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.
“Bring me a cup of tea, please,”said she.
→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从
句）。

”如：
He said, “Let’s go to the film.”
→He suggested going to the film.
→He suggested that they should go to see the film.
把下列各句中的直接引语变为间接引语。

1。

He said, “It’s seven o’clock now.”
He said that ____ ____ ____ _____ ______ .
2.They said to their son, “The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.”They their son that ____________________________________.
3.“I will not play computer games any more,” said my brother.
My brother said that _____________________________________.
4. “June 1st is Children’s Day,” said he.
He said ________________________________________________.
5.Lucy said, “I am going to visit the World Park tomorrow.”
Lucy said ____________________________________________.
6. Mary said, “I miss my parents, but I have many close friends in China.”Mary said that _______________________________________.
7. She said, “I will go to see my friends.”
She said __________ ____________ go to see _________ friends.
8.She said, “Are you from the south?”
She asked ________ I ________ from the south.
9. Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”
Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie.
10．Susan said to me, “We will visit the farm next week.”
Susan told me that _____________________________________
11．Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”
Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound.
12．“Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.
The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters.
13. “I can’t find my wallet.” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.
14. “I will take it home with me.” she said.
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with ___.
15. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there
16. He asked, “How do you find it, mother?”
He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ it.
17.“Where are you these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______these days.
18. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.
19. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.
He ______ the children ____ ____ making so much noise.
20. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.
She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.
21. “Are you interested in this?” he said.
He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.
22. “I'm glad to get your e-mail.” He said to me .
He said _____ _____ _____ glad to get ____ e-mail.
23.H e said to me, “Are you going home on weekend?”
He asked me ____ _____ ____ going home on weekend?
24.“How do you like the food here?” She said to the boy..
She asked ___ ____ ___ the food here.
25.He said to me“Don't ride in the street.”
He told me ____ ____ ______ in the street.
26. “ Please bring me a cup of tea, Mary,” she said.
She asked Mary ______ _______ ___________ a cup of tea.
27.The guard said to Lenin, “Please show me your pass.”
The guard ______ Lenin ______ show _______ ________ pass.
28.He asked, “ Can you swim, Daniel?”
He asked Daniel ______ ______ _______ swim.
29.She said, “ I was born in 1949.”
She said _______ _____ ______ born _________ 1949.
30.The teacher said to the students, “ Don’t open your books.”
The teacher told the students ____ _____ open _____ books.
31. “ Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked.He asked me _________ ___________ ___________ to school by bus or by bike.
32. Mary asked her mother, “Why are you angry with me?”
Mary asked her mother ______ _______ ____ angry with ______.
33.She asked, “When will the sports meeting begin?”
She asked me _______ the sports meeting _____ ________.
34.He asked me, “Will you stay at home or go to see a film tonight?”
He asked me ___ ___ ____ stay at home or go to see a film
35. “ Do you want to go shopping with me?” mother said to h er.
Mother asked her _____ _____ _____ to go shopping with her.
36.Mary said that she was studying Chinese then.(改为直接引语)
Mary said, “ ____ _____ _______ Chinese _________.”
37.He often says that he will help me with my study.(改为直接引语)
He often says “ ____ ___ _____ _______ with _________ study.
39.Mr Smith said。

"Jack is a good worker。

"
Mr Smith said 。

1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school.
A. bring
B. brought
C. bring
D. to bring
2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.
A. not play
B. not to play
C. played
D. playing
3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school?
A. Do you know how
B. Why do you know
C. How you know why
D. Do you know why
4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?
A. what it is
B. it is what
C. how it is
D. it is how
5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.
A. not to come
B. not to go
C. to not come
D. to not go
6. The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.
A. weather the moon goes
B. that the moon went
C. whether the moon goes
D. whether the moon went
7. Mr. Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.
A. asked; take
B. asked; taking
C. told; take
D. told; to take
8. She asked him ____.
A. whose dictionary this is
B. whose dictionary that was
C. whose dictionary is this
D. whose dictionary that is
9. Mary’s mother asked her _____.
A. that whether she had finished her homework
B. if she has finished her homework
C. if she had finished her homework
D. that if she had finished her homework
10. Do you know ____?
A. what is he doing
B. what he doing
C. what he is doing
D. what does he do now
11. I don’t know ____ to learn English.
A. when did he begin
B. when he began
C. he when began
D. when he begins
12. He asked me ____.
A. how would the weather be like tomorrow
B. what the weather would be like the next day
C. how the weather would be like tomorrow
D. what would the weather be like the next day
13. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.
A. how excited they were
B. how excited were they
C. how they were excited
D. they were how excited
14. She told me that she ____ by her relatives at the bus stop.
A. had been seen off
B. have seen off
C. have been seen off
D. had seen off
15. Do you remember how many times ____ to Australia ?
A. had you been
B. did you go
C. have you been
D. you have been
16. Can you guess ____?
A. what is that man
B. who that man is
C. whom that man is
D. who is that man
17. More and more students and teachers have began to know ____.
A. how important the foreign language are
B. how the foreign language is important
C. how important the foreign language is
D. how important is the foreign language
18. The hostess said that it ___ time that they ___ supper.
A. was; had
B. was; had had
C. is; have
D. is; have had
19. The boss asked his secretary ____ he had finished typing the report ____.
A. if; or not
B. if; not
C. whether; or not
D. whether; not
20. I wonder how much _____.
A. does he spend on his car
B. did he spend on his car
C. he spent on his car
D. he spent in his car
1—5DBDAB; 6—10CDBCC；11—15BBAAD；16—20BCACC。