新概念3完美笔记_50-60

Lesson 50 New Y ear Resolutions 新年的决心New words and expression 生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里Resolutionn. the quality of being resolute，决心take resolution to do sth. / make up one’s mind to do sth. / be determined to do sth. / decide to do sth.n. formal decision，决议同根词1. Resolve vi . resolve to do sth. = take resolution to do sth.--Before we came here ,we resolved to learn English hard.Resolve sb. on sth. 使某人下定决心做某事--I resolved him on English study.--Nobody resolved him on this decision.2. Resolute a.坚决的,果断的--W e must be true in word and resolute in deed.我们必须言必信,行必果.Mentally adv. 内心里Compile vt.编辑,编制(collect information and arrange in a book (great book/dictionary))同义词Edit vt .编辑(collect information and arrange in newspaper or magazine)--The editor is busing editing the newspaper.Formidable adj. 令人敬畏的Occur vi. happen--A good idea occurred to me. / It occurred to him that he should open the door. 形近词1. Recur vi .再发生,又出现occur again2. Incur vt. 导致,招致,造成(=lead to / result in / give rise to / cause)--Air pollution incurs some terrible disease.Regularity n. 规律性Accomplish vt. 成功地达到目的accomplish one’s purpose/ goal/ dream/ aim/ work/ task--He accomplish his journey.同义词1. Attain vt. 得到,获得(经过艰苦的努力)Attain one’s ambition Get success / attain successAttain to 某人希望达到的成就attain 某人已经达到的成就--He has attained heights that I can never attain to .--This is the height that I hope to attain to.--This is the height that I have attained.2. Achieve vt. 达到一定目的时的表现及努力--This is what he achieved after ten years of hard work.--W e always cherish（珍惜treasure / value / prize）what we have achieved.--I feel very happy because you accomplish your dream.3. Accomplishment n. 成就(主要用于修养,才艺,本领等方面的成就)4. Achievement n. (最通俗的说法,可代替accomplishment)--Such accomplishment is beyond your attainment.--His attainment is beyond my understanding.--His accomplishment is unexpected to me.Inveterate adj. 根深蒂固的Self-improvement n. 自我完善Scheme n. 简单的计划Ambitious adj. 雄心勃勃的Ambition (中性词)--Everybody in the modern society must be ambitious.--If you work hard, you can attain your ambition.Pitfall n. 意外的困难Modest adj. 要求不过分的;谦虚的--I make New Y ear resolution and I think them modest.--Be modest is one of our virtues.Assiduously adj. 刻苦的diligently--If you study English assiduously, nothing is difficult. Self-discipline n. 自我约束Frame n. 躯体= bodyBetrayvt. 暴露,显露--Her face betrayed her nervousness.vt. 出卖,背叛--I don’t know who betrayed me.T roop v. 成群结队的走动Unsettle v. 使不安T aunt vt./ n. 嘲笑,奚落人的话(try to make sb angry or upset by sayingunkind remarks)Taunt sb. with sth. 因为什么原因而讥笑某人--They taunted him with being poor / poverty, so he felt angry.Make fun of / laugh at--He is wearing a strange hat ,so we make fun of him.Jeer vi.Jeer at 嘲笑,戏弄--W e know he is eccentric, but anyway don’t jeer at him.同义词1. Mock vt./vi.Mock at 嘲笑--Mocked (at) by others ,he had my sympathy.--When the teacher is writing on the blackboard ,naughty boy student mocked athim.2. Scoff vi. Scoff at (渺视地)嘲笑pour scorn on--Don’t scoff at those students who don’t have good accomplishment / mark.3. Gibe / jibe vi. 嘲弄,挖苦(that is intended to make the person look silly)Gibe at sb. / sth.--I gibed at him ,in my opinion ,he was dull.Good-humouredly adv. 和气地，心情好的Wane vi. 逐渐变小,变弱(becoming less or weaker)--He exerts suttle influence on his children ,but his children are growing up ,so hisinfluence is waning.--The moon will wax, the moon will wane.月有阴晴圆缺.同义词1. Diminishvt.减少,缩小(Make smaller in size / amount / number and so on)--The second world war diminished the country’s wealth.vi.渐渐衰退,渐渐减小=wane--Time will never cause our friendship to diminish / wane.2. Reduce vt.(数量尺寸等程序)--If you reduce the price to 10 dollars, I will take it.Reduce to / reduce by--The shop assistant reduced the price by 10 dollars.3. Lessen vt.(指数量.价值可能性的)降低--I agree to your idea that you can climb the tree, but anyway, please lessen therisk of being hurt / injured.--That is a good idea, but you must lessen the possibility of failure.4. Increase / decrease (使数量,程度)减小,降低--Our interest in English is increasing.--Our interest in clothes is not decreasing.Hypnotize vt.使朦胧，使欲睡Undoing n.毁灭的原因Screen n.电视机的屏幕lull sb. to sleepT ext 课文The Spring Festival is a time for gathering.A time forMentally, at least, most of us could compile formidable lists of 'dos' and'don'ts'.Mentally : at heart--W e become illogical when we decide what can be eaten and what can not beeaten.The same old favorites recur year in year out with monotonous regularity.Favorites : resolutionRecur : happen / take placeY ear in year out : one year after another / year by yearday in day out : one day after another / day by dayW e resolve to get up earlier each morning, eat less, find more time to playwith the children, do a thousand and one jobs about the house, be nice topeople we don't' like, drive carefully, and take the dog for a walk every day.resolve to 下定决心Past experience has taught us that certain accomplishments are beyondattainment.--It is hard for us to attain some certain attainment.If we remain inveterate smokers, it is only because we have so oftenexperienced the frustration that results from failure.Inveterate : deep rooted--Because we have too often experience the frustration, it means nothing to me.Frustration : disappointment in one’s mind or the feeling that you get from youfailureResult from 由……产生的Result in : lead to / cause--Failure will result in frustration.Most of us fail in our efforts at self-improvement because our schemes aretoo ambitious and we never have time to carry them out.Carry out : carry offFail in our efforts / attempt--W e accumulate clutter in an attempt to avoid waste.W e also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions toeverybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our badold ways.Error : mistake--Even beans have got their black.--If you often make some common mistake, you will get the frustration.slip back into : return to the normal wayA ware of these pitfalls, this year I attempted to keep my resolutions tomyself.--Keep my resolution to myself : keep my resolution secret--W e arrived at our destination exhausted. Exhausted, we arrived at ourdestination.--A ware of the importance, I attempt to carry it out.I limited myself to two modest ambitions: to do physical exercise everymorning and to read more of an evening.Limit oneself to limit 限定到点/ restrict 限定到范围Ambitions : New Y ear resolution--A good beginning is half success.An all-night party on New Y ear's Eve provided me with a good excuse fornot carrying out either of these new resolutions on the first day of the year,but on the second, I applied myself assiduously to the task.Apply oneself to / apply one’s time to / apply one’s mind / energy to / be devoted /dedicated to--In 2002, I shall apply myself to learning English.The daily exercises lasted only eleven minutes and I proposed to do themearly in the morning before anyone had got up.Propose to do / proposal--I propose to do / I decided to do.The self-discipline required to drag myself out of bed eleven minutes earlierthan usual was considerable.Required 与The self-discipline 是动宾关系--The self-discipline required to study English hard is considerable as well.Nevertheless, I managed to creep down into the living room for two daysbefore anyone found me out.Nevertheless : howeverAfter jumping about on the carpet and twisting the human frame into uncomfortable positions, I sat down at the breakfast table in an exhausted condition.in an exhausted condition : exhaustedIt was this that betrayed me.It……that……句型--It was exhausted condition that betrayed my secret.The next morning the whole family trooped in to watch the performance. Troop in : went / came into the room in groupThat was really unsettling, but I fended off the taunts and jibes of the family good-humouredly and soon everybody got used to the idea.Unsettle : upsetFend off : defeatHowever, my enthusiasm waned. The time I spent at exercises gradually diminished. Little by little the eleven minutes fell to zero. By January 10th, I was back to where I had started from.W ane : diminish step by stepI argued that if I spent less time exhausting myself at exercises in the morning, I would keep my mind fresh for reading when I got home from work.Argue : got a good excuseKeep one’s mind fresh for doing sth.Resisting the hypnotizing effect of television, I sat in my room for a few evenings with my eyes glued to book.The temptation to doOne night, however, feeling cold and lonely, I went downstairs and sat in front of the television pretending to read. That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.Slip back into our bad old ways / I was back to where I had started from / got back to my old bad habitDozing off : half sleep--I soon got back to my old bad habit of nodding.I still haven't given up my resolution to do more reading. In fact, I have just bought a book entitled How to Read a Thousand W ords a Minute. Perhaps it will solve my problem, but I just haven't had time to read it!a book entitled : a book which is entitledSpecial difficulties 难点Mentally 本质上，内心里at heart / in the mindFormidable : causing fearRecur year in year out : occur again, appear year after yearbeyond attainment : can not be attained / accomplished / achievedInveterate : deep rootedFrustration : disappointment i n one’s mind or the feeling that you get from you failureCarry out = put into practiceMultiple choice questions 多项选择1…正确答案：C --I choose the job which I think is within my scope. 2…正确答案：A3…正确答案：D one’s effort to do sth. 干什么事所做出的努力句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键4…正确答案：D 5…正确答案：B 6…正确答案：C 7…正确答案：B8…正确答案：APrivate 强调私人所有的/ solitary 宁静的、孤独的he is leading a solitary life.Intimate 亲密的9…正确答案：Cmeanwhile = at the same time little by little = step by step by all means 通过各种方式just the same = in spite of this = still10…正确答案：C gather around 聚集在...周围march 行军而过 a flock of sheep 一群羊11...正确答案：Bfade 褪色、凋零The flower has already began to fade. The color of the dressfaded.Run out 用完、用光W e run out of petrol. Evaporate 蒸发、消失，渐渐化为乌有12…正确答案：BLesson 51 Flash无讲解Lesson 52 Mud is Mud 实事求是New words and expression 生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里permanent adj.永久的tint v.给...染色delicate adj.淡色的shade n.色度observant adj.观察力敏锐的grayish adj.浅灰色的dispel v.驱散，消除outlandish adj.稀奇古怪的acquisition n.获得cosmetic n.化妆品outrageous adj.无理的fanciful adj. 想象出来的insoluble adj.不可溶解的prompt v.敦促，激励exclusive adj.专售高档商品的syllable n.音节bewilderment n.迷惑，糊涂freckle n.雀斑evidently adv.显然地，明显地weird adj.奇异的，古怪的concoction n.调制品intoxicate v.陶醉，得意忘形blank adj.无表情的discreetly adv.谨慎地clutch v.抓住adorn v.装饰，打扮mud is mud实事求是同义spade is spade 实事求是fact is factpermanent adj. 永久的~job/house----temporary临时的tint v. 给...染色一般了解eg. Tint the paper yellow把纸染成黄色delicate adj.淡色的清淡的,雅致的eg. I like the delicate dressshade n.色度荫凉in the shade 在萌凉处shady adj.短语in the shady street / in the shady spotobservant adj.观察力敏锐的grayish adj.浅灰色的light graydispel v.驱散,消除outlandish adj.稀奇古怪的odd/strange/ fantastic , queer , peculiar , weird强调奇异的古怪的,相当于odd同义eccentric古怪的eg. I can't get along well with the weird.因为离奇而让人产生奇怪outlandish : queer odd----strange and unpleasant 奇怪也让人感觉到不开心weird: strange and unnatural----difficult to understand不可思议的,荒唐的acquisition n.获得* acquire get gain obtain 获得技能，信息勇气acquire confidence /courage/knowledge/skillsacquisition : the act of acquiringeg. He devotes his time to the acquisition of knowledgedevote one's time to既包括精神上的也包括物质上的the acquisition of sth. (通常形式)Acquiring confidence is essential.The acquisition of confidence is essential.The acquisition of skills is necessary in the modern society.acquirement仅指精神上的获得acquisition可以指泛泛的概念the acquisition/acquirement of knowledge知识的获得the acquisition of money 金钱的获得The acquisition of money is what a large number of people run after.the ~ of sth.cosmetic n.化妆品outrageous adj.无理的He found my offer outrageous.unreasonable irrational illogical ridiculous unpleasant unpleasingfanciful想象出来的imaginableimagining doing / fancying doinginsoluble adj.不可溶解的solve解决insolve 不可溶解*** prompt v.敦促,激励vt. urge sb. to do sth. Persuade sb. to do sth.怂勇某人作某事prompt sb. to doeg. What prompted him to be so generous.什么事情使他这么慷慨大方呢Our discussion prompted some questions.我们的讨论引出了几个问题lead to ; cause ; result in; prompt激励，敦促eg. What prompts you to study English so hard?promptly adv.Prompt : quicktake measure 采取措施eg. He took a prompt measure.He made a prompt decision.他做出了果断的决定。